CN102072695A - Measuring device and measuring method for tree - Google Patents
Measuring device and measuring method for tree Download PDFInfo
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- CN102072695A CN102072695A CN 201010550980 CN201010550980A CN102072695A CN 102072695 A CN102072695 A CN 102072695A CN 201010550980 CN201010550980 CN 201010550980 CN 201010550980 A CN201010550980 A CN 201010550980A CN 102072695 A CN102072695 A CN 102072695A
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Abstract
The invention provides a measuring device and a measuring method for tree. The measuring device provided by the invention comprises a computer system, a display module, an SD (Secure Digital) card, an electronic measuring scale, a GPS (Global Positioning System) positioning module and a tree height measuring module, wherein a first output interface of the computer system is connected to an input interface of the display module; a second output interface of the computer system is connected to an input interface of the SD card; an output interface of the SD card is connected to the first input interface of the computer system; an output interface of the electronic measuring scale is connected to the second input interface of the computer system; an output interface of the GPS positioning module is connected to a third input interface of the computer system; and an output interface of the tree height measuring module is connected to a fourth input interface of the computer system. The device combines the purposes of measuring the DBH (Diameter at Breast Height) and the height of the tree, positioning forest and calculating area.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of tree measurement instrument, particularly combines to measure the device that the trees diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground, trees height, forest location and area calculate.The present invention also relates to a kind of tree measurement method.
Background technology
For a long time; the mechanization degree of China forest resourceies management is lower, and automatization level is not high, still adopts caliper scale usually and enclose chi and carry out sample ground and investigate when carrying out the forest inventory investigation management; and, enter data into computing machine again by manually measuring and record.This traditional researching tool and investigation method are to fall behind very much, doing once, generaI investigation not only can expend a large amount of manpower and financial resources, and inefficiency, the statistics of data, analyzing and processing often need 1-2, and even ask when longer, development and the variation of forest itself often are unable to catch up with in the tree growth performance analysis of this hysteresis.This artificial investigation method not only can damage the forest land during the process of the investigation simultaneously, and concerning the staff, also have potential danger, as trunk information for higher position, need the staff to climb up a tree in the time of just obtaining, this not only can consume very big muscle power of worker and time, also exists great danger.
The most function singleness of tree measurement instrument is divided into trees caliper, trees altimeter and GPS orientator at present.Foreign technology is comparatively leading, adopts portable optical instrument to the trees height and the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground, but costs an arm and a leg, and has restricted the forestry automation development greatly.Domestic technique falls behind, and is simple with 26S Proteasome Structure and Function mostly, and heaviness is unfavorable for that portable ruler, curved caliper scale measure, and causes yield-power to fall behind the situation that work efficiency is low.
In order to alleviate field work intensity, increase work efficiency, we are badly in need of further that acquisition method to trees information is improved and are perfect, thus the certainty that develops into the production of forestry technical development that makes accurate forestry.The executive chairman B.Bruce Bare of first accurate forestry symposial in the world proposes, and accurately forestry realizes obtaining maximum forestry income (Zheng Jiaqiang 2004) with least resource input, minimum environmental hazard exactly.Along with improving constantly of development of computer and scientific and technological level, various electronic technology have obtained general attention and application in the forest inventory investigation management of accurately forestry.Because the diameters of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground of trees, highly, the hat width of cloth, the volume of timber etc. are the important foundation information of carrying out forest inventory investigation, therefore the purpose of this project will be set up the automatic standing tree measuring system of a cover exactly, based on electronic measurement technique, be aided with GPS technology, MEMS inertia device technology, research has multi-functional portable trees automatic measurement system; And in conjunction with the concrete reality that standing tree is measured, system is analyzed and improves, make research have certain theoretical level and practical value.The development of tree measurement instrument is that forest inventory investigation information of managingization, robotization, precision are laid a good foundation; Improving traditional forest survey method and technology simultaneously, aspects such as reduction field study labour intensity are significant.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of multiple functional, accurate, portable tree measurement device of measurement.The present invention also aims to provide a kind of tree measurement method based on tree measurement device of the present invention.
Order of the present invention is achieved in that
Tree measurement device of the present invention comprises computer system, display module, the SD card, the electronic surveying chi, the GPS locating module, height of tree measurement module, first output interface of computer system is connected to the input interface of display module, second output interface of computer system is connected to the input interface of SD card, the output interface of SD card is connected to first input interface of computer system, the output interface of electronic surveying chi is connected to second input interface of computer system, the output interface of GPS locating module is connected to the 3rd input interface of computer system, and the output interface of height of tree measurement module is connected to the 4th input interface of computer system.
Tree measurement method of the present invention is: adopt by computer system, display module, the SD card, the electronic surveying chi, the tree measurement device that GPS locating module and height of tree measurement module are formed, first output interface of computer system is connected to the input interface of display module, second output interface of computer system is connected to the input interface of SD card, the output interface of SD card is connected to first input interface of computer system, the output interface of electronic surveying chi is connected to second input interface of computer system, the output interface of GPS locating module is connected to the 3rd input interface of computer system, and the output interface of height of tree measurement module is connected to the 4th input interface of computer system; The information that computer system measures according to each module carries out comprehensively carrying out data processing and management, and it is shown to display module in real time and stores on the SD card; The electronic surveying chi utilizes electronics code-disc principle to measure the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground of trees, and is input in the computer system in real time; The GPS locating module positions current location by antenna, measures the position of current forest, and by multimetering, estimates the position of this sheet forest; Height of tree measurement module utilizes MEMS 3-axis acceleration information indirect to measure the height of individual plant forest.
Function based on trees caliper of the present invention has:
1, the study plot diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground, the height of tree are measured, terrain automatically calculates the average diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground, mean height, hectare strain number, hectare and accumulates etc. and to cut down preceding data, calculate that according to the rules and the style of cutting felling bottom class cuts down wooden strain number, cuts down the wooden diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground, and in full woods felling wood, the every wooden process of reserve, monitor constantly felling total amount.
2, cut down normal wood in fact and measure, and in full woods felling wood, the every wooden process of reserve, felling accumulation, mill run are realized two-way monitoring constantly.
3, every factor typing, preservation mainly contain the factors such as dominant tree group, dominant tree, the age of stand, canopy density, density, following wooden situation, ground cover situation, soil.
4, fell the control of design three class survey process, the Microcomputer Data linkage function is provided, automatically generate industry, field operation form in the felling design by country, province's relevant requirements by software, and provide felling related data query and province, city, county's felling design to examine, print functions such as cutting license.
5, built-in GPS provides location, bottom class's area measurement, cutting area design drawing to generate and edition function.
6, portable, stable, data presentation, easy and simple to handle, extension storage.Rapid wear accessory integral replacing.
7, zero point self-calibration function
Owing to adopt tape, through using for a long time, the wearing and tearing of chi and tree caking of oil can produce the measuring accuracy of chi and benchmark exerts an influence, and need calibrate.
The invention provides a multifunctional measuring technology and organically combine instrument with the data intelligence administrative skill, this instrument both can overcome the number surveying instrument function singleness, measure inaccurate, be difficult for shortcomings such as portable, also can solve the problem of the intelligent and scientific management backwardness of forest-tree simultaneously.The present invention also provides a kind of method based on the multidata intelligent management.
Now that the each several part function declaration is as follows:
1 diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground is measured
This project adopts tape+transmission gear+photoelectric code disk scheme, by no scale tape around one week of trunk, and then the winding axle that drives tape rotates, drive the rotation of output shaft by transmission gear with reduction gear ratio, measure the output length of tape by photoelectric code disk, thereby measure the girth of trunk, and then obtain the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground of trunk.
The device that this scheme adopts is cheap, simple to operate, can greatly improve measuring accuracy by transmission gear and the multiposition photoelectric code disk with reduction gear ratio, and the tape part only has mechanical interface with the instrument body, and commutativity is strong, and volume is little, and is easy to carry.
2 height of trees are measured
Advantages such as the MEMS inertia device was little with its volume in the last few years, and was cheap, powerful, and it is little to drift about in short-term are widely used in the people's productive life gradually.
The 3 axis MEMS accelerometer can the gravitational vector of static measurement space object under the space inertial coordinate, and then can determine object attitude under the space inertial coordinate system.
In conjunction with Fig. 4, utilize the principle of 3 axis MEMS accelerometer measures tree-walk height as follows:
At first utilize tape to measure trunk to the distance of the apparatus measures point distance of L among the figure just, the needle of instrument that carries the MEMS three axis accelerometer by adjustment is 21 and 22 two lines among the aligning figure respectively, calculate angle of departure φ, and then trees highly can be expressed as:
H＝L*tagφ
Can see that by the process of measuring it is convenient, simple to operate to measure, and the device low price, need not expensive optical device, and for increasing system bulk, easy to carry.
3 forests location and area measurement
The measurement of traditional forest land area is to be based upon on the basis of analog map or numerical map, as: square grid method, band net method, figure weight method, mechanical quadrature instrument method, electronic planimeter method, analytical method etc.These method links are many, expend a large amount of manpower and materials, and the measurement result precision is also lower.Therefore, utilize the GPS Kinematic Positioning technology of measuring instrument to measure in real time, determine the coordinate of frontier point, and utilize related software that measurement data is handled, thereby obtain a certain regional forest land area.This method is surveyed the frontier point coordinate for directly measuring, and area calculates and adopts polygon method, and it is higher that the forest land measures area precision.In GPS receiver bearing accuracy quite high today, the staff need only use the measuring instrument that the GPS receiver is installed and can rapidly and efficiently finish the work.
Use the GPS receiver that the cutting area of preparing to fell is made an on-the-spot survey, the position in tentatively definite bottom class and cutting area, area, cart-load of woods circuit etc.In felling design, can use the GPS location technology to quadrature, cut branch and fell bottom class, and the data that GPS is gathered are as the basic data of Geographic Information System (GIS).Whether the bottom class position of using GPS to locate quickly and accurately to be felled correct, area whether accurately, cross the border etc. in super limit.Levy the behavior that accounts for, damages the forest land at various, available GPS quick and precisely locatees, and in time data is offered the forestry management database, draws out the accurate position, area and the figure that are accounted for, damage the forest land by levying, so that strengthen management.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of tree measurement instrument of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of electronic surveying chi.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of height of tree measurement module.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram that utilizes 3 axis MEMS accelerometer measures tree-walk height.
Embodiment
Entity of the present invention mainly is made up of computer system A, display module B, SD card C, electronic surveying chi D, GPS locating module E, height of tree measurement module F.The output interface 5 of computer system A is connected to the input interface 1 of display module B, the output interface 6 of computer system A is connected to the input interface 2 of SD card C, the output interface 3 of SD card C is connected to the input interface 7 of computer system A, the output interface 12 of electronic surveying chi D is connected to the input interface 10 of computer system A, the output interface 11 of GPS locating module E is connected to the input interface 9 of computer system A, and the output interface 8 of height of tree measurement module F is connected to the input interface 4 of computer system A.
The information that computer system A measures according to each module carries out comprehensively carrying out data processing and management, and it is shown to display module B in real time and stores on the SD card C.
Electronic surveying chi D utilizes electronics code-disc principle to measure the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground of trees, and is input in real time among the computer system A.Fig. 2 has provided a kind of structure of electronic surveying chi module.
GPS locating module E positions current location by antenna, measures the position of current forest, and by multimetering, can estimate the position of this piece forest.
Height of tree measurement module F utilizes MEMS 3-axis acceleration information indirect to measure the height of individual plant forest.Fig. 3 has provided a kind of structure of height of tree measurement module.
Claims (2)
1. tree measurement device, it is characterized in that: comprise computer system, display module, the SD card, the electronic surveying chi, the GPS locating module, height of tree measurement module, first output interface of computer system is connected to the input interface of display module, second output interface of computer system is connected to the input interface of SD card, the output interface of SD card is connected to first input interface of computer system, the output interface of electronic surveying chi is connected to second input interface of computer system, the output interface of GPS locating module is connected to the 3rd input interface of computer system, and the output interface of height of tree measurement module is connected to the 4th input interface of computer system.
2. tree measurement method, it is characterized in that: adopt by computer system, display module, the SD card, the electronic surveying chi, the tree measurement device that GPS locating module and height of tree measurement module are formed, first output interface of computer system is connected to the input interface of display module, second output interface of computer system is connected to the input interface of SD card, the output interface of SD card is connected to first input interface of computer system, the output interface of electronic surveying chi is connected to second input interface of computer system, the output interface of GPS locating module is connected to the 3rd input interface of computer system, and the output interface of height of tree measurement module is connected to the 4th input interface of computer system; The information that computer system measures according to each module carries out comprehensively carrying out data processing and management, and it is shown to display module in real time and stores on the SD card; The electronic surveying chi utilizes electronics code-disc principle to measure the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground of trees, and is input in the computer system in real time; The GPS locating module positions current location by antenna, measures the position of current forest, and by multimetering, estimates the position of this sheet forest; Height of tree measurement module utilizes MEMS 3-axis acceleration information indirect to measure the height of individual plant forest.
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| CN2010105509804A CN102072695B (en) | 2010-11-19 | 2010-11-19 | Measuring device and measuring method for tree |
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| CN2010105509804A CN102072695B (en) | 2010-11-19 | 2010-11-19 | Measuring device and measuring method for tree |
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| CN102072695A true CN102072695A (en) | 2011-05-25 |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103453880A (en) * | 2013-08-16 | 2013-12-18 | 北京百纳威尔科技有限公司 | Spatial parameter measurement method and user terminal |
| CN104112161A (en) * | 2014-03-04 | 2014-10-22 | 北京林业大学 | Optimized calculation method for forest stand selective cutting amount based on electronic tree measurement gun |
| CN104330017A (en) * | 2014-10-16 | 2015-02-04 | 中国计量学院 | Folding type tree diameter growth real-time precision measurement instrument |
| CN105486254A (en) * | 2014-09-16 | 2016-04-13 | 哈尔滨恒誉名翔科技有限公司 | Tree measurement instrument system based on ultrasonic sensor and MEMS triaxial accelerometer |
| CN106705946A (en) * | 2017-01-03 | 2017-05-24 | 中国能源建设集团江苏省电力设计院有限公司 | Method for surveying and measuring power transmission line forest trees based on mobile terminal |
| CN111968476A (en) * | 2020-08-11 | 2020-11-20 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | Line-tree dynamic distance simulation device and line-tree dynamic distance simulation method |
| CN112113616A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2020-12-22 | 山东省地矿工程勘察院 | Geographic information collection system based on GIS |
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| CN106705946A (en) * | 2017-01-03 | 2017-05-24 | 中国能源建设集团江苏省电力设计院有限公司 | Method for surveying and measuring power transmission line forest trees based on mobile terminal |
| CN111968476A (en) * | 2020-08-11 | 2020-11-20 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | Line-tree dynamic distance simulation device and line-tree dynamic distance simulation method |
| CN111968476B (en) * | 2020-08-11 | 2022-04-01 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | Line-tree dynamic distance simulation device and line-tree dynamic distance simulation method |
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| CN112113616B (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2022-09-02 | 山东省地矿工程勘察院 | Geographic information collection system based on GIS |
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