CN102071065A - Back flow coal gasification device - Google Patents
Back flow coal gasification device Download PDFInfo
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- CN102071065A CN102071065A CN2011100272337A CN201110027233A CN102071065A CN 102071065 A CN102071065 A CN 102071065A CN 2011100272337 A CN2011100272337 A CN 2011100272337A CN 201110027233 A CN201110027233 A CN 201110027233A CN 102071065 A CN102071065 A CN 102071065A
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- gasification
- gasification chamber
- vapourizing furnace
- vaporizer
- furnace shell
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Abstract
The invention discloses a back flow coal gasification device, belonging to the coal gasification field. The back flow coal gasification device comprises a gasifier shell, wherein the bottom of the gasifier shell is provided with a slag-discharging hole; the inside of the gasifier shell is provided with a gasification chamber; the gasifier shell is provided with a gas outlet; the side wall of the gasifier shell is provided with at least two nozzles; the inside of the gasification chamber is communicated with the outside of the gasifier shell through the nozzles; the gasification chamber is provided with a synthesis gas outlet; the outlet end of each nozzle points to the upper part of the inside of the gasification chamber slantwise; and materials gathers in the central area of the gasification chamber from the outlet ends of different nozzles. In the back flow coal gasification device of the invention, after the materials enter the gasifier, the materials firstly move downward to be mixed and performs gasification reaction to form a flame with a back flow structure; and the residence time of the reaction materials in the gasifier is long, the mixing intensity of the materials is high and the carbon conversion rate is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of coal gasifier, particularly a kind of deflector type coal gasification apparatus.
Background technology
Gasification is one of China's clean coal technology important composition, and it not only can improve current efficiency of energy utilization, can reduce the generation of pollution simultaneously effectively.Efficiency of carbon conversion is one of important indicator of reflection gasification effect, and the principal element that influences efficiency of carbon conversion has raw material activity, gasification temperature, the residence time and carbon oxygen mixture strength etc.Usually, coal for gasification just determines in planning in early stage of projects, and is less by changing the possibility that active more excellent raw material improves efficiency of carbon conversion, therefore changes raw material and improves efficiency of carbon conversion and generally do not considered; Gasification temperature need be taken all factors into consideration multiple factors such as gasification efficiency, slag, device security, and variable range is more less, therefore improves efficiency of carbon conversion by the change gasification temperature and is not also considered.In sum, increase the mixture strength between the reaction mass residence time and the strength imparting material, also just become the key factor that influences efficiency of carbon conversion.What the texaco coal-water slurry gasification stove adopted is single nozzle top spray mode, because its service temperature is low, the material stroke and the residence time are shorter, efficiency of carbon conversion generally has only about 95%, gasification is not high to the utilization ratio of carbon, has caused the waste of carbon, does not meet the requirement of energy usury with efficient.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention of the present invention is: at the problem of above-mentioned existence, a kind of simple in structure, easy to operate, baffling shape flame vapourizing furnace that efficiency of carbon conversion is high is provided, long at this vapourizing furnace internal reaction residence time of material, sufficient reacting is strengthened in the disturbance of material, mixture strength height between the material, the efficiency of carbon conversion height.
Summary of the invention of the present invention is as follows:
Deflector type coal gasification apparatus of the present invention, comprise the vapourizing furnace shell, the bottom of described vapourizing furnace shell is provided with slag-drip opening, be provided with vaporizer in the described vapourizing furnace shell, described vapourizing furnace shell is provided with the air outlet, the sidewall of described vapourizing furnace shell is provided with at least 2 burners, be communicated to outside the vapourizing furnace shell by burner in the described vaporizer, described vaporizer is provided with syngas outlet, the exit end of described burner points to the oblique below in the vaporizer, and material is intersected in the central zone of vaporizer from the exit end of different burners.
Owing to adopted said structure, vaporizer transforms the space for the gasification of material provides, and vaporizer is arranged in the vapourizing furnace shell, and the vapourizing furnace shell is used to the vaporizer space that installs and fixes and provide constant; The sidewall of vapourizing furnace shell is provided with at least 2 burners, and outside the burner connection vapourizing furnace shell and in the vaporizer, the exit end of burner points to the oblique below in the vaporizer, materials such as carbon containing gasified raw material, oxygen and water vapor, can feed in the vaporizer by burner from the vapourizing furnace housing exterior, and be intersected in the central zone of vaporizer along the exit end of burner, make to be injected to material thorough mixing in the vaporizer, and coal gasification reaction takes place in vaporizer from different burners; Vaporizer is provided with syngas outlet, makes the synthesis gas that is produced behind the coal gasification reaction in the vapourizing furnace to discharge vapourizing furnace from syngas outlet, is used to connect the device of subsequent technique; Owing to be provided with slag-drip opening in the bottom of vapourizing furnace shell, the liquid slag that material forms behind gasification reaction in vaporizer, liquid slag down falls within the bottom of vapourizing furnace shell along the furnace wall gravitate, the inner bottom part of vapourizing furnace shell is provided with cooling bath, this cooling bath is the inner bottom part that the pump water that vapourizing furnace is outer is input to the vapourizing furnace shell, and then be discharged to outside the vapourizing furnace, make that cooling bath is the circulator bath of circulation, liquid slag after being convenient to gasify forms solid slag through the cooling of water-bath, thereby will expect that conveniently slag takes out; The material of carbon containing gasified raw material, oxygen and water vapor etc., under the high pressure effect, feed in the vaporizer from burner, because relation for cooperatively interacting between the burner on the vapourizing furnace shell, the exit end of burner points to the oblique below in the vaporizer, therefore feed material in the vaporizer from different burner exit end, can cross and be blended in the central zone of vaporizer, make material form the descending up again process of elder generation, form baffling shape flame, thereby guarantee that the residence time of material in vaporizer is long, mix fully the transformation efficiency height; Relation for cooperatively interacting between the different burner on the vapourizing furnace shell, can be according to the actual needs, the control material is injected to the angle in the vaporizer, make material be intersected in the particular location difference of vaporizer central zone along the burner exit end, formed flame height is also different, degree of mixing and the residence time of material in vaporizer is also different, makes material participate in reaction as much as possible, improves efficiency of carbon conversion; Can diffusion expand because material enters into behind the vaporizer, the exit end extended line of a plurality of burners is not to be intersected in a bit, but is intersected in the zone, makes that blended is more abundant between the material in this intersectional region.Deflector type coal gasification apparatus of the present invention, simple in structure, easy to operate, vapourizing furnace internal reaction residence time of material is long, the mixture strength height between the material, efficiency of carbon conversion height.
Deflector type coal gasification apparatus of the present invention, described vaporizer comprises gasification chamber and gasification channel, the top of described gasification chamber is the tilting section that draws in from bottom to top and be connected with gasification channel, between the tilting section on described gasification chamber top and the horizontal plane 5 °~85 ° angle β, described burner is positioned on this tilting section on gasification chamber top, is communicated with outside the vapourizing furnace shell by burner in the described gasification chamber.
Because to have adopted said structure, the top of gasification chamber is the tilting section that draws in from bottom to top, this tilting section is connected with gasification channel, and gasification chamber provides a bigger space for coal gasification reaction, the assurance material can be in this space thorough mixing; Between the tilting section on described gasification chamber top and the horizontal plane 5 °~85 ° angle β, thereby can be according to the actual needs, adjust the ratio on this tilting section plotted and the tilting section X direction, thereby can adjust the size of the suitable for reading and end opening of tilting section, make gasification chamber and gasification channel can differing capacities, the needs of volume, reaction compartment, guarantee fully to react between the material, make efficiency of carbon conversion higher; Described burner is positioned on this tilting section on gasification chamber top, be communicated with outside the vapourizing furnace shell by burner in the described gasification chamber, can control the tilting section on gasification chamber top and the angle β between the horizontal plane, control material burner exit end is intersected in the particular location of central zone, thereby control formed flame height, control degree of mixing and the residence time of material in vaporizer makes material participate in reaction as much as possible, improves efficiency of carbon conversion.
Deflector type coal gasification apparatus of the present invention, described burner are straight tube, and the medullary ray of described burner exit end and the angle α between the horizontal plane are 5 °~60 °.
Owing to adopted said structure, preferably the medullary ray of burner exit end and the angle α between the horizontal plane are selected in 5 °~60 °, can be by this angle of control α, control the concrete shape of material formed baffling shape flame in vaporizer, thereby control formed flame height, control degree of mixing and the residence time of material in vaporizer makes material participate in reaction as much as possible, improves efficiency of carbon conversion.
Deflector type coal gasification apparatus of the present invention, described burner is 2~8, is distributed on the same horizontal plane of tilting section on gasification chamber top, material is intersected in the central zone of gasification chamber from the exit end of different burners.
Owing to adopted said structure, burner is distributed on the same horizontal plane of tilting section on gasification chamber top, material is intersected in the central zone of gasification chamber from the exit end of different burners, make a plurality of burners on the vaporizer be on the same horizontal plane, and material enters in the vaporizer from burner, the direction that can spray along the exit end of burner meets at the central zone of gasification chamber, material is at this center thorough mixing, it is up that synthetic gas is carried the unreacted material of part secretly, and fully reaction in up process, it is descending that the material slag is carried the unreacted material of part equally secretly, in order to make the more abundant of material reaction, transformation efficiency is higher, need to improve the residence time of material in gasification chamber, therefore take into account the range of up synthetic gas and descending material slag, the zone that material is crossed is arranged on the center of vaporizer, guarantee the gasification space maximum of material, the material thorough mixing in up process that makes synthetic gas carry secretly reacts, and the gas slag separates, the material that the material slag is carried secretly is the thorough mixing reaction in descending process, and the gas slag separates, make the residence time of material in vaporizer the longest, optimally improved the transformation efficiency of gasification, make the inwall of whole vaporizer be heated evenly, avoid off-centre, and the sidewall of vaporizer excessively is heated and damages, thereby increased work-ing life of vaporizer because of the mixing point of material.
Deflector type coal gasification apparatus of the present invention, described syngas outlet is positioned at the top of gasification channel.
Owing to adopted said structure, syngas outlet is arranged at the gasification channel top, makes that the synthetic gas that coal gasification reaction produced is up unobstructed, make partial material that synthetic gas carries secretly after reaction, can directly fall, avoid again corner to produce phenomenon of blocking; Bottom in the vapourizing furnace has cooling bath, and this water-bath can be carried out Quench to the material slag, and liquid slag moment is solidified.
Deflector type coal gasification apparatus of the present invention, described gasification channel mainly will be rearranged by tubulation, and the top of described tubulation is communicated with by tubulation water wall upper header, and the bottom is communicated with fixing by tubulation water wall lower collecting box.
Owing to adopted said structure, by tubulation water wall upper header and tubulation water wall lower collecting box tubulation is communicated with, form the gasification channel of tubular, and make that the structure of gasification channel is more firm, and safe and reliable.Water coolant can enter into tubulation from the water wall lower collecting box, discharges from the water wall upper header again, makes the circulation that has water coolant in the tubulation to guarantee the cooling performance and the safe operation of gasification channel water wall.
Deflector type coal gasification apparatus of the present invention, described gasification chamber mainly is made up of coil pipe, and the upper port of described gasification chamber is provided with the coil wall cooling water outlet, and bottom port is provided with the coil wall cooling water inlet.
Owing to adopted said structure, the upper port of described gasification chamber is provided with the coil wall cooling water outlet, bottom port is provided with the coil wall cooling water inlet, can feed water coolant from the coil wall cooling water inlet, emit water coolant from the coil wall cooling water outlet, make to form the round-robin cooling water source in the coil pipe of whole gasification chamber, more can play cooling and heat insulation effect.
Deflector type coal gasification apparatus of the present invention, described slag-drip opening are positioned at vapourizing furnace outer casing bottom center, and draw in from top to bottom the bottom of described vapourizing furnace shell, and are connected with slag-drip opening.
Owing to adopted said structure, make the material slag behind the gasification chamber internal reaction fall, drop into the bottom of vapourizing furnace shell from the lower port of gasification chamber, draw in from top to bottom the bottom of vapourizing furnace shell, make the material slag constantly assemble to the bottom centre of vapourizing furnace shell, in the slag-drip opening that slips into, thereby be convenient to the material slag is discharged to the vapourizing furnace housing exterior.
This deflector type coal gasification apparatus is characterized in that: all be laid with refractory materials on the inwall of described gasification channel and gasification chamber.
Owing to adopted said structure, on the inwall of the tubular construction of gasification channel and gasification chamber, be laid with refractory materials, thereby protected gasification channel and gasification chamber, avoid it to influence and damage through long term high temperature, guaranteed the safe operation of vapourizing furnace.
In sum, owing to adopted technique scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1. deflector type coal gasification apparatus of the present invention, simple in structure, easy to operate, be beneficial to popularization;
2. deflector type coal gasification apparatus of the present invention, after material enters vapourizing furnace, up again behind the descending thorough mixing gasification reaction earlier, form the flame of baffling structure, synthetic gas is upwards discharged from syngas outlet, the liquid slag that the reaction back forms forms solid slag and drops in the slag-drip opening after the water-bath cooling, is convenient to gas solid separation.
3. deflector type coal gasification apparatus of the present invention, vapourizing furnace internal reaction residence time of material is long, the mixture strength height between the material, efficiency of carbon conversion height.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of deflector type coal gasification apparatus of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the vertical view of Fig. 1.
Mark among the figure: 1-vaporizer, 2-burner, 3-vapourizing furnace shell, 4-tubulation water wall lower collecting box, 5-tubulation water wall upper header, 6-syngas outlet, 7-gasification channel, 8-gasification chamber, 9-coil wall cooling water outlet, 10-coil wall cooling water inlet, 11-slag-drip opening.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is done detailed explanation.
In order to make purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer,, the present invention is further elaborated below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explanation the present invention, and be not used in qualification the present invention.
Principle according to the foregoing description, baffling of the present invention is a coal gasification apparatus, described burner 2 can be selected arbitrarily in 2~8, the medullary ray of described burner 2 exit end and the angle α between the horizontal plane can select arbitrarily in 5 °~85 °, burner 2 is uniformly distributed on the tilting section on gasification chamber 8 tops, and be positioned on the same horizontal plane, the tilting section on described gasification chamber 8 tops and the angle β between the horizontal plane can select between 5 °~85 °, focus on guaranteeing that material enters gasification chamber 8 and is intersected in the central zone scope in the gasification chamber 8 from the exit end of burner 2, make and to react fully between the material, make that the turnover ratio of gasification reaction is higher, certainly can be with the center of this region clustering in gasification chamber 8, material is maximum in the residence time of vaporizer 1 energy, and the carbon changing effect that reaches is best.Syngas outlet 6 is arranged at the top of gasification channel 7, the air outlet is positioned at the top of vapourizing furnace shell 3, and syngas outlet 6 is positioned at the air outlet, and certainly according to this principle, described syngas outlet 6 also can not be arranged at the top, can adopt the sidewall that is arranged on vaporizer 1 upper end, and the air outlet is tilted to, and avoids the air outlet to be stopped up by liquid, and the structure that is tilted to, make liquid can be subjected to gravity, be effective equally to the whereabouts.Described burner 2 is a straight cylinder type structure, it can certainly not straight cylinder shape, burner 2 mainly is to feed material, as long as guarantee that material meets in the central zone of gasification chamber 8 from the burner exit end, guarantee that the thorough mixing between the material gets final product, therefore the external structure of burner does not directly influence the transformation efficiency of carbon.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to restriction the present invention, all any modifications of being done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, is equal to and replaces and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. deflector type coal gasification apparatus, comprise vapourizing furnace shell (3), the bottom of described vapourizing furnace shell (3) is provided with slag-drip opening (11), be provided with vaporizer (1) in the described vapourizing furnace shell (3), described vapourizing furnace shell (3) is provided with the air outlet, it is characterized in that: the sidewall of described vapourizing furnace shell (3) is provided with at least 2 burners (2), be communicated to outside the vapourizing furnace shell (3) by burner (2) in the described vaporizer (1), described vaporizer (1) is provided with syngas outlet (6), the exit end of described burner (2) points to the oblique below in the vaporizer (1), and material is intersected in the central zone of vaporizer (1) from the exit end of different burners (2).
2. deflector type coal gasification apparatus as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described vaporizer (1) comprises gasification chamber (8) and gasification channel (7), the top of described gasification chamber (8) is the tilting section that draws in from bottom to top and be connected with gasification channel (7), between the tilting section on described gasification chamber (7) top and the horizontal plane 5 °~85 ° angle β, described burner (2) is positioned on this tilting section on gasification chamber (7) top, is communicated with outside the vapourizing furnace shell (3) by burner (2) in the described gasification chamber (8).
3. deflector type coal gasification apparatus as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: the medullary ray of described burner (2) exit end and the angle α between the horizontal plane are 5 °~60 °.
4. as claim 2 or 3 described deflector type coal gasification apparatus, it is characterized in that: described burner (2) is 2~8, be distributed on the same horizontal plane of tilting section on gasification chamber (8) top, material is intersected in the central zone of gasification chamber (8) from the exit end of different burners (2).
5. deflector type coal gasification apparatus as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: described syngas outlet (6) is positioned at the top of gasification channel (7).
6. deflector type coal gasification apparatus as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that: all be laid with refractory materials on the inwall of described gasification channel (7) and gasification chamber (8).
7. as claim 2 or 3 described deflector type coal gasification apparatus, it is characterized in that: described gasification channel (7) mainly will be rearranged by tubulation, the top of described tubulation is communicated with by tubulation water wall upper header (5), and the bottom is communicated with fixing by tubulation water wall lower collecting box (4).
8. as claim 2 or 3 described deflector type coal gasification apparatus, it is characterized in that: described gasification chamber (8) mainly is made up of coil pipe, the upper port of described gasification chamber (8) is provided with coil wall cooling water outlet (9), and bottom port is provided with coil wall cooling water inlet (10).
9. as claim 1 or 2 or 3 described deflector type coal gasification apparatus, it is characterized in that: described slag-drip opening (11) is positioned at vapourizing furnace shell (3) bottom centre, and draw in from top to bottom the bottom of described vapourizing furnace shell (3), and is connected with slag-drip opening (11).
10. deflector type coal gasification apparatus as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that: all be laid with refractory materials on the inwall of described gasification channel (7) and gasification chamber (8).
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CN2011100272337A CN102071065A (en) | 2011-01-26 | 2011-01-26 | Back flow coal gasification device |
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Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN102492478A (en) * | 2011-12-23 | 2012-06-13 | 上海锅炉厂有限公司 | Novel two-stage multi-nozzle pressurized gasifier and its gasification method |
CN102517088A (en) * | 2011-12-26 | 2012-06-27 | 上海锅炉厂有限公司 | Novel gasification furnace of pressurized aerated bed |
CN102703129A (en) * | 2012-06-04 | 2012-10-03 | 上海锅炉厂有限公司 | Staged-pressurization gasification reaction device for dry pulverized coal and gasification method thereof |
CN103608434A (en) * | 2011-05-31 | 2014-02-26 | 特拉华空气喷射火箭达因公司 | Injector mixer for a compact gasification reactor system |
CN104087345A (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2014-10-08 | 中国天辰工程有限公司 | Crushed coal gasifier |
CN104324682A (en) * | 2014-10-29 | 2015-02-04 | 北京华福神雾工业炉有限公司 | Stirring reaction device |
CN110964572A (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-04-07 | 郑州轻工业大学 | Gasification agent tangent circle strong rotation pulverized coal gasification furnace device for preventing furnace wall burning loss |
CN111100712A (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2020-05-05 | 航天长征化学工程股份有限公司 | Gasification furnace |
CN112779059A (en) * | 2021-01-06 | 2021-05-11 | 北京清创晋华科技有限公司 | Combustion chamber applied to entrained flow gasifier |
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Cited By (11)
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CN103608434A (en) * | 2011-05-31 | 2014-02-26 | 特拉华空气喷射火箭达因公司 | Injector mixer for a compact gasification reactor system |
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CN102517088A (en) * | 2011-12-26 | 2012-06-27 | 上海锅炉厂有限公司 | Novel gasification furnace of pressurized aerated bed |
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CN102703129A (en) * | 2012-06-04 | 2012-10-03 | 上海锅炉厂有限公司 | Staged-pressurization gasification reaction device for dry pulverized coal and gasification method thereof |
CN104087345A (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2014-10-08 | 中国天辰工程有限公司 | Crushed coal gasifier |
CN104324682A (en) * | 2014-10-29 | 2015-02-04 | 北京华福神雾工业炉有限公司 | Stirring reaction device |
CN111100712A (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2020-05-05 | 航天长征化学工程股份有限公司 | Gasification furnace |
CN110964572A (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-04-07 | 郑州轻工业大学 | Gasification agent tangent circle strong rotation pulverized coal gasification furnace device for preventing furnace wall burning loss |
CN112779059A (en) * | 2021-01-06 | 2021-05-11 | 北京清创晋华科技有限公司 | Combustion chamber applied to entrained flow gasifier |
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