CN110964572A - Gasification agent tangent circle strong rotation pulverized coal gasification furnace device for preventing furnace wall burning loss - Google Patents
Gasification agent tangent circle strong rotation pulverized coal gasification furnace device for preventing furnace wall burning loss Download PDFInfo
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- CN110964572A CN110964572A CN201911272725.5A CN201911272725A CN110964572A CN 110964572 A CN110964572 A CN 110964572A CN 201911272725 A CN201911272725 A CN 201911272725A CN 110964572 A CN110964572 A CN 110964572A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
- C10J3/50—Fuel charging devices
Abstract
The invention relates to a gasification agent circle-cutting strong-rotation pulverized coal gasification furnace device for preventing furnace wall burning loss, wherein a plurality of groups of assemblies of oxidant channels consisting of oxygen nozzles and water vapor nozzles are arranged on the same horizontal section of the upper part of a gasification furnace body according to the same rotation direction; a steam nozzle in the combination of the oxidant channel penetrates through the gasification furnace body and is inserted into the gasification furnace along the tangential direction at a position close to the inner side of the furnace wall of the gasification furnace; the oxygen nozzle is inserted into the gasification furnace along the direction of a circumferential secant in a mode of being parallel to the central line of the water vapor nozzle, and the oxygen nozzle and the water vapor nozzle are arranged in the same direction; the vertical distance between the outer edge line a of the water vapor nozzle and the central axis of the gasification furnace is L, the vertical distance between the outer edge line b of the oxygen nozzle and the central axis of the gasification furnace is M, and the numerical value of L is larger than that of M. The invention solves the problem that the furnace wall of the furnace body gasification agent injection area of the existing gasification agent strong rotation coal powder gasification device is easy to be burnt.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a pulverized coal gasification device, in particular to a gasification agent tangent circle strong rotation pulverized coal gasification furnace device for preventing furnace wall burning loss.
Background
With the continuous improvement of the living standard of people and the continuous increase of the demand of clean energy, the coal gasification technology as a clean coal technology is more and more widely applied to the life of people. The gasification technology of the pulverized coal with strong rotation of the gasification agent has the advantages of high gasification strength, high production capacity, high carbon conversion rate, strong coal type applicability and the like, and is completely open in the field of coal gasification at present.
The inventor applies for and obtains a series of Chinese invention special purposes related to gasification technology of gasification agent strong rotation coal dust in the early stageIts advantages are high effect on promoting growth of plant cells, and high effect on promoting growth of plant cells. Although the invention patent solves the problems of uneven slag adhering on the inner wall surface of the gasification furnace and the like, the problem that the inner wall surface near the injection region of the gasification agent of the furnace body is easily burnt is caused. This problem can lead to the gasifier to park after taking place, and the gasifier leads to whole production line to stop transporting as the production source of chemical enterprise, in case the parking, and whole production line stops transporting once and causes huge economic loss for the enterprise. For example: set of gas production rate 80000Nm3The one-time economic loss of the coal gasification production line per hour is more than 4000 ten thousand yuan.
In order to solve the above problems, the inventor of the present invention has continued innovation on the basis of the above inventions, and has applied for and granted chinese invention patent ZL201610554990.2, which discloses an "oxygen-in-water" strong rotation pulverized coal gasification furnace for preventing furnace wall burning loss, wherein water vapor and oxygen are separately fed into the side wall surface of the furnace body, so that the outer layer of water vapor wraps the inner layer of oxygen and strongly rotates in the furnace, thereby reducing the temperature of the nozzle region and protecting the water cooling wall surface. However, in the invention, only one group of combined nozzles of external water (steam) and internal oxygen are arranged on the same horizontal section of the upper part of the gasification furnace body, and experimental operation finds that the jet lengths of the two nozzles are relatively close to each other only when the flow rate of the steam is relatively close to the flow rate of the oxygen (mass ratio: water/oxygen is approximately equal to 1), so that a relatively complete oxygen-in-water flow field can be formed, and the water-cooled wall surface is completely protected. However, under these conditions, the amount of steam fed into the furnace deviates from the amount used in the conventional pulverized coal gasification furnace (mass ratio: water/oxygen < 0.4), and corresponds to the amount of steam fed into the gasification furnace in the conventional operation, which is 2.5 times or more the amount of steam fed into the gasification furnace. At this time, the average temperature in the furnace is lowered due to the endothermic reaction of carbon and water vapor. Since the main reactions in the coal gasification process are endothermic reactions, the reduction of the average temperature in the furnace will reduce the coal gasification reaction rate and ultimately the carbon conversion rate. Meanwhile, the oxygen content of the gasification agent tangentially sprayed into the hearth through the gasification agent nozzles arranged along the side wall surface of the furnace body is higher than 60%, so that an oxygen-rich area is formed near the outlets of the gasification agent nozzles, and when the tangentially sprayed gasification agent scours the liquid slag layer near the nozzles, the oxygen in the gasification agent and carbon in the slag layer are intensively combusted on the water-cooled wall surface in an oxygen-enriched manner, so that a high-temperature area is generated on the wall surface of the hearth, and the inner wall surface of the gasification furnace is seriously ablated.
The strong-rotation pulverized coal gasification device of the gasification agent in the prior art has obvious defects, and how to effectively overcome the defects is still the aim of research and innovation of technicians in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a gasification agent tangent circle strong rotation pulverized coal gasification furnace device for preventing furnace wall burning to overcome the technical defects of the strengthening agent strong rotation pulverized coal gasification technology in the background technology, aiming at solving the problem that the furnace body gasification agent of the existing gasification agent strong rotation pulverized coal gasification device is easy to burn and damage when the furnace body gasification agent is sprayed into the furnace wall of a region.
Specifically, the invention provides a gasification agent circle-cutting strong-rotation pulverized coal gasification furnace device for preventing furnace wall burning loss, which comprises: the gasification furnace comprises a pulverized coal burner, a gasification furnace body, a gasification furnace hearth, a synthesis gas channel, a slag pool, an oxygen nozzle and a steam nozzle, wherein the top end of the gasification furnace body is hemispheroid, the middle part of the gasification furnace body is cylindrical, the bottom end of the gasification furnace body is in a truncated cone structure, and the slag pool is arranged at the bottom of the gasification furnace body; the gasification hearth is a revolving body formed by arranging a plurality of vertical round pipes in parallel and is arranged in the gasification furnace body; the synthetic gas channel is inserted at the lower part of the gasification furnace body and is communicated with the gasification furnace chamber; the top end of the gasification furnace body is provided with a pulverized coal burner which is communicated with the gasification furnace hearth, the axis of the pulverized coal burner is superposed with the axis of the gasification furnace hearth, a pulverized coal channel and a gasifying agent channel are arranged in the pulverized coal burner, and the gasifying agent channel is coaxially arranged in the pulverized coal channel;
one or more groups of assemblies of oxidant channels consisting of oxygen nozzles and water vapor nozzles are arranged on the same horizontal section at the upper part of the gasification furnace body;
a water vapor nozzle in the combination of any one oxidant channel penetrates through the gasification furnace body and is inserted into the gasification furnace along the tangential direction at a position close to the inner side of the furnace wall of the gasification furnace; the oxygen nozzle is inserted into the gasification furnace along the direction of a circumferential secant in a mode of being parallel to the central line of the water vapor nozzle, and the oxygen nozzle and the water vapor nozzle are arranged in the same direction; the vertical distance between the outer edge line a of the water vapor nozzle and the central axis of the gasification furnace is L, the vertical distance between the outer edge line b of the oxygen nozzle and the central axis of the gasification furnace is M, and the numerical value of L is larger than that of M.
Preferably, the vertical distance between the outer edge line b of the oxygen nozzle and the central axis of the gasification furnace is M, the value range of M is 0.1-0.8 r, and r is the radius of the gasification furnace.
Preferably, one or more groups of the oxidant channel assemblies are uniformly inserted on the same horizontal section of the upper part of the gasification furnace body according to the same rotating direction.
Preferably, flow regulating valves are arranged on the oxygen nozzle and the water vapor nozzle.
Preferably, the vertical distance L between the outer edge line a of the water vapor nozzle and the central axis of the gasification furnace is equal to the radius r of the gasification furnace, so that the strength of the rotary flow field in the gasification furnace is maximum.
Preferably, a plurality of groups of the combination bodies are uniformly arranged along the vertical direction of the upper part of the gasification furnace body.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the water-cooled wall surface of the gasification furnace provided by the invention has low temperature, can effectively protect the water-cooled wall surface, and has long service life. After the combination of a plurality of groups of oxidant channels works simultaneously, a 'oxygen in water' tangential flow field structure with water vapor on the outer side and oxygen on the inner side is formed in the furnace. Because the adherent flow is steam, the chemical reaction between the steam and the carbon in the slag layer is a reduction reaction, and the reaction strongly absorbs heat, the wall surface temperature of the injection area of the gasification agent of the furnace body can be effectively reduced, and the water-cooled wall surface is protected.
2. The gasification furnace provided by the invention can stably run for a long period under the condition of less water vapor consumption (mass ratio: water/oxygen is less than 0.4). The invention arranges the combination of four groups of oxidant channels on the same horizontal plane of the hearth, the condition of oxygen in water is realized only by contacting the steam jet with the oxygen jet sprayed by the next combination, and the length of the steam jet sprayed by the same combination can be different from that of the oxygen jet, so that the length of the steam jet can be greatly reduced, and the naturally required steam flow can also be greatly reduced.
3. The gasification furnace provided by the invention enhances the coal powder gasification efficiency and improves the carbon conversion rate. Based on the basic principle that impinging stream can strengthen chemical reaction, the invention utilizes mutual impact and mutual influence of four-corner jet streams, on one hand, the mixing of a gasifying agent and coal powder is strengthened, and the coal powder gasification reaction is strengthened; meanwhile, ash shells coated outside the coal dust particles in the reaction are impacted mutually and are easy to fall off, so that the internal combustion of the coal dust particles is accelerated, the complete combustion of the coal dust is facilitated, and the carbon conversion rate is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a gasification agent tangential strong rotation pulverized coal gasification furnace device for preventing furnace wall burning loss according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line A-A in FIG. 1 of a gasification agent tangential strong rotation pulverized coal gasification furnace apparatus for preventing furnace wall burnout according to the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1. the gasification furnace comprises a pulverized coal burner 2, a gasification furnace body 3, a gasification furnace hearth 4, a water-cooled wall 5, a synthesis gas channel 6, a slag pool 7-1, an oxygen nozzle 7-2, a water vapor nozzle 8, a flow regulating valve 9, swirl vanes 10, a pulverized coal channel 11, a gasification agent channel 12 and a gasification furnace hearth central axis.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to the attached drawings 1 and 2, a gasification agent tangent circle strong rotation pulverized coal gasification furnace device for preventing furnace wall burning loss comprises a pulverized coal burner 1, a gasification furnace body 2, a gasification hearth 3, a synthetic gas channel 5, a slag pool 6, an oxygen nozzle 7-1 and a water vapor nozzle 7-2, wherein the top end of the gasification furnace body 2 is hemispheroid, the middle part of the gasification furnace body is a cylinder, the bottom end of the gasification furnace body is in a cone frustum structure, and the slag pool 6 is arranged at the bottom of the gasification furnace body 2; the water-cooled wall 4 is a revolving body formed by arranging a plurality of vertical round pipes side by side and is arranged in the gasification furnace body 2; the synthesis gas channel 5 is inserted at the lower part of the gasification furnace body 2 and is communicated with the gasification furnace 3; the top end of the gasification furnace body 2 is provided with a pulverized coal burner 1 which is communicated with the gasification furnace hearth 3, the axis of the pulverized coal burner 1 is superposed with the axis of the gasification furnace hearth 3, a pulverized coal channel 10 and a gasifying agent channel 11 are arranged in the pulverized coal burner 1, and the gasifying agent channel 11 is coaxially arranged in the pulverized coal channel 10;
a plurality of groups of oxidant channel assemblies consisting of oxygen nozzles 7-1 and steam nozzles 7-2 are arranged on the same horizontal section at the upper part of the gasification furnace body 2;
a water vapor nozzle 7-2 in any combination of the oxidant channels penetrates through the gasification furnace body 2 and is inserted into the gasification furnace 3 along the tangential direction at a position close to the inner side of the furnace wall of the gasification furnace 3; the oxygen nozzle 7-1 is inserted into the gasification furnace 3 along the direction of a circumferential secant in a mode of being parallel to the central line of the water vapor nozzle 7-2, and the oxygen nozzle 7-1 and the water vapor nozzle 7-2 are arranged in the same direction; the vertical distance between the outer edge line a of the water vapor nozzle 7-2 and the central axis 12 of the gasification furnace 3 is L, the vertical distance between the outer edge line b of the oxygen nozzle 7-1 and the central axis 12 of the gasification furnace 3 is M, and the numerical value of L is larger than that of M.
The vertical distance between the outer edge line b of the oxygen nozzle 7-1 and the central axis 12 of the gasification furnace 3 is M, the value range of M is 0.1-0.8 r, and r is the radius of the gasification furnace 3.
One or more groups of the oxidant channel assemblies are uniformly inserted on the same horizontal section of the upper part of the gasification furnace body 2 according to the same rotating direction.
The oxygen nozzle 7-1 and the water vapor nozzle 7-2 are both provided with a flow regulating valve 8.
The vertical distance L between the outer edge line a of the water vapor nozzle 7-2 and the central axis 12 of the gasification furnace 3 is equal to the radius r of the gasification furnace 3, so that the strength of the rotary flow field in the gasification furnace 3 is maximum.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
the working principle of the gasifier is shown in fig. 1 and 2. As the inventor applies and authorizes in the earlier stage, chinese patent nos. ZL201510578779.x, ZL201510579028.x and ZL201510578724.9 related to the technology of gasification agent strong rotation coal powder gasification furnace, further optimize and supplement the working principle of gasification agent strong rotation coal powder gasification furnace: uniformly arranging four groups of assemblies of oxidant channels consisting of oxygen nozzles 7-1 and steam nozzles 7-2 in the same horizontal section according to the same rotation direction, wherein steam with the temperature of 150-300 ℃ is sprayed into a gasification furnace 3 through the steam nozzles 7-2 at the speed of 50-200 m/s in the assemblies of the same oxidant channel, meanwhile, oxygen with the temperature of 150-300 ℃ is sprayed into the gasification furnace 3 through the oxygen nozzles 7-1 at the speed of 100-200 m/s, and steam and oxygen jet flow sprayed out of the same assemblies can contact steam and oxygen jet flow sprayed out of the next gasification agent assembly through a short distance; after the four groups of oxidant channel assemblies work simultaneously, a tangential flow field structure of oxygen in water is formed in the furnace. Because the adherent flow is steam, and the chemical reaction of the steam and the coal powder is a reduction reaction, the reaction strongly absorbs heat, so that the temperature of a nozzle area can be effectively reduced, and the water-cooling wall surface is protected.
Comparative example: 40000Nm of a chemical plant adopting general technology3The gasification agent of the gas making amount per hour strongly rotates the coal powder gasification furnace, the highest temperature of the gasification agent spraying area on the upper part of the furnace body is 3000 ℃, the burning loss of the inner wall surface is found in the actual operation, the shutdown is carried out once because the inner wall surface is burnt and damaged in each year on average, and the total economic loss caused by the shutdown is about 2000 ten thousand yuan once. A 40000Nm according to the foregoing embodiment of the present invention3The gasification furnace of the gas making amount per hour has the advantages that the highest temperature of the gasification agent spraying area at the upper part of the furnace body is 1700 ℃, the burning loss of the water cooling wall does not occur after 5 years of operation, the continuous operation for 5 years can be ensured without stopping, and the economic loss is reduced by 1 hundred million yuan compared with other technologies. Tests show that under the common hearth structure, the invention uses less water vapor (mass ratio: water/oxygen)<0.4), the water vapor jet can contact the oxygen jet sprayed by the next combination; compared with the prior art (ZL 201610554990.2), the water vapor consumption is reduced by more than 60 percent under the same conditions.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a prevent gasification agent tangent circle strong rotatory pulverized coal gasification stove device of oven scaling loss, includes pulverized coal nozzle (1), gasifier body (2), gasification furnace (3), water-cooling wall (4), synthetic gas passageway (5), cinder pond (6), its characterized in that: the gasification furnace further comprises an oxygen nozzle (7-1) and a steam nozzle (7-2), the top end of the gasification furnace body (2) is hemispherical, the middle part of the gasification furnace body is cylindrical, the bottom end of the gasification furnace body is of a truncated cone structure, and a slag pool (6) is arranged at the bottom of the gasification furnace body (2); the water-cooled wall (4) is a revolving body formed by arranging a plurality of vertical round pipes side by side and is arranged in the gasification furnace body (2); the synthesis gas channel (5) is inserted at the lower part of the gasification furnace body (2) and is communicated with the gasification furnace hearth (3); the top end of the gasification furnace body (2) is provided with a pulverized coal burner (1) which is communicated with the gasification hearth (3), the axis of the pulverized coal burner (1) is superposed with the axis of the gasification hearth (3), a pulverized coal channel (10) and a gasifying agent channel (11) are arranged in the pulverized coal burner (1), and the gasifying agent channel (11) is coaxially arranged in the pulverized coal channel (10);
a plurality of groups of assemblies of oxidant channels consisting of oxygen nozzles (7-1) and steam nozzles (7-2) are arranged on the same horizontal section at the upper part of the gasification furnace body (2);
a water vapor nozzle (7-2) in the assembly of any oxidant channel penetrates through the gasification furnace body (2) and is inserted into the gasification furnace hearth (3) along the tangential direction along the position close to the inner side of the furnace wall of the gasification furnace hearth (3); the oxygen nozzle (7-1) is inserted into the gasification furnace (3) along the direction of a circumferential secant in a mode of being parallel to the central line of the water vapor nozzle (7-2), and the oxygen nozzle (7-1) and the water vapor nozzle (7-2) are arranged in the same direction; the vertical distance between the outer edge line a of the water vapor nozzle (7-2) and the central axis (12) of the gasification furnace (3) is L, the vertical distance between the outer edge line b of the oxygen nozzle (7-1) and the central axis (12) of the gasification furnace (3) is M, and the numerical value of L is larger than that of M.
2. The gasification agent circle-cutting strong-rotation pulverized coal gasification furnace device for preventing the burning loss of the furnace wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: the vertical distance between the outer edge line b of the oxygen nozzle (7-1) and the central axis (12) of the gasification furnace (3) is M, the value range of M is 0.1-0.8 r, and r is the radius of the gasification furnace (3).
3. The gasification agent circle-cutting strong-rotation pulverized coal gasification furnace device for preventing the burning loss of the furnace wall according to claim 2, characterized in that: a plurality of groups of the oxidant channel assemblies are uniformly inserted on the same horizontal section of the upper part of the gasification furnace body (2) according to the same rotating direction.
4. The gasification agent circle-cutting strong-rotation pulverized coal gasification furnace device for preventing the burning loss of the furnace wall according to claim 3, characterized in that: flow regulating valves (8) are arranged on the oxygen nozzle (7-1) and the water vapor nozzle (7-2).
5. The gasification agent circle-cutting strong-rotation pulverized coal gasification furnace device for preventing the burning loss of the furnace wall according to claim 4, characterized in that: the vertical distance L between the outer edge line a of the water vapor nozzle (7-2) and the central axis (12) of the gasification furnace (3) is equal to the radius r of the gasification furnace (3), so that the rotating flow field strength in the gasification furnace (3) is maximum.
6. The gasification agent tangential strong rotation pulverized coal gasification furnace device for preventing furnace wall burning loss according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: a plurality of groups of assemblies of the oxidant channels are uniformly arranged along the vertical direction of the upper part of the gasification furnace body (2).
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