CN102069160A - Ultra-large rectangular ingot blank sloping casting combined manufacturing device and method - Google Patents
Ultra-large rectangular ingot blank sloping casting combined manufacturing device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102069160A CN102069160A CN2011100342128A CN201110034212A CN102069160A CN 102069160 A CN102069160 A CN 102069160A CN 2011100342128 A CN2011100342128 A CN 2011100342128A CN 201110034212 A CN201110034212 A CN 201110034212A CN 102069160 A CN102069160 A CN 102069160A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an ultra-large rectangular ingot blank sloping casting combined manufacturing device and an ultra-large rectangular ingot blank sloping casting combined manufacturing method. The device comprises a rectangular casting mould, wherein the rectangular casting mould is tilted at an angle of 5 to 15 degrees to the horizontal plane along the length direction; the rectangular casting mould is a combined structure consisting of a forced cooling metal bottom plate, four side plates and a cover plate; a metal pipe frame is arranged in the forced cooling metal bottom plate; facing sand layers are hung on the forced cooling metal bottom plate, the cover plate and the inner side of each side plate; a riser is arranged at the highest position of the assembled rectangular casting mould; and a molten steel pouring device, into which molten steel is injected, is arranged on the rectangular casting mould. By the device, static pressure and an impact force of the molten steel on a cast are reduced; the cost of manufacturing the cast is reduced; the cast is modeled, assembled and disassembled simply and flexibly; a box can be opened when the box is hot; harmful substances such as impurities, gases and the like are aggregated to the riser on the inclined top easily and then are removed; the ingot blank can be directionally solidified; internal shrinkage of the cast is eliminated; sponginess of the cast is reduced; and the quality of the ingot blank is improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention relates to the ingot blank manufacturing installation in the field of metallurgy, relate in particular to a kind of combined type manufacturing installation and method of ultra-large type rectangle ingot blank sloping casting.
Background technology
Continuous metal cast process has been widely used in the slab manufacturing as known technology, for the batch process of the thick cut deal base below 400mm of the sheet billet of single material, middle slab and base, is characterized in efficient height, good, the metal effective rate of utilization height of quality especially.Yet, for super large marine with plate, nuclear reaction establish in standby plate, the chemical field chemical reaction container with plate, hydroelectric generation with plate and ocean structure with plate etc., single batch of production lot of its steel billet is little, specification big (super wide, super thick), that material requires is special, if adopt continuous cast method, one can't be brought into play the high efficiency advantage of continuous casting, its two continuous casting machinery that requires is very huge, cost is high, its three internal soundness problem that continuous metal cast process can't fine solution ultra-large type steel billet on technical elements.
For this reason, still casting of steel ingot pattern and the rolling manufacture methods of adopting of existing production ultra-large type special heavy plate more, or through forging and rolling manufacture method, its ingot shape comprises: square ingot casting, many ribs circle and band steel ingot casting etc., ingot shape is band tapering ingot shape, and cooling means mostly is atmosphere and cools off naturally; The major defect that this mode of production exists is that the relative crop amount of rising head is big, and lumber recovery is low, has limited the steel ingot tonnage, can only produce at present below 60 tons, and thickness is less than 1000mm, and width is less than the ingot blank of 2500mm.
Moreover, normally adopt vertical ingot mould casting or horizontal ingot mould forging type in the prior art.Wherein vertically the ingot mould forging type has increased static pressure and the impulsive force of molten steel to casting mold, thus the structural strength of casting mold is had relatively high expectations, and makes casting mold be difficult for realizing fabricated structure, has increased the manufacturing cost of casting mold structure greatly; Existing level ingot mould forging type then is to adopt the casting mold of complete horizontal positioned to carry out the ingot blank manufacturing, make large-scale steel ingot when casting, solidifying, harmful substance such as impurity, gas floats on the upper surface of molten steel and assembles certain depth, can't get rid of, and has influenced the quality of ingot blank thus; Add man-hour carrying out ingot blank, also need with the mode of machining upper surface planing certain depth, the invisible processing cost that increased with steel ingot.
In view of this, the inventor relies on relevant design and manufacturing experience for many years, proposes a kind of combined type manufacturing installation and method of ultra-large type rectangle ingot blank sloping casting, to overcome the defective of prior art.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of combined type manufacturing installation and method of ultra-large type rectangle ingot blank sloping casting, this manufacturing installation is based on traditional horizontal casting device, in conjunction with ultra-large type rectangle ingot blank characteristics, casting mold is tilted to place horizontal by 5 °～15 °, large-scale steel ingot makes and assembles in the harmful substance rising heads obliquely upward such as impurity, gas and get rid of when casting, solidifying; The casting mold bottom surface is made into water-cooled metal mould, can realize the directional solidification of ingot blank thickness direction, to improve the ingot blank quality; Casting mold adopts fabricated structure, can take on corresponding casting mold according to the ingot blank set of specifications of making, and with the expense of saving making casting mold, and unpacks easily.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this, a kind of combined type manufacture method of ultra-large type rectangle ingot blank sloping casting, with the combined type rectangular mold along its length direction fixed placement on 5 °～15 ° inclined plane, this rectangle mold is by the combining structure that can dismantle of forcing cool metal base plate and epipleural, lower side panel, left plate, right plate, cover plate to constitute; The highest position of the rectangle mold after assembling is provided with rising head, and the molten steel apparatus for pouring is set on the rectangle mold; The many groups metal pipe frame that is provided with one group of metal pipe frame or is set up in parallel in the described pressure cool metal base plate along the floor length direction; After molten steel injects the rectangle mold, in metal pipe frame, feed cooling medium the rectangle ingot blank of inclination is cooled off from bottom to top in proper order to realize directional solidification; After treating that rectangle ingot blank bulk temperature reaches technology molding temperature, stop to feed cooling medium; Cover plate and each side plate of dismounting combined type rectangular mold; Allocate and transport this rectangle ingot blank to subsequent processing.
This method is applicable to the casting of the ultra-large type rectangle ingot blank of 60 tons～150 tons ingot shape gauge thickness 800～1500mm, width 2100～5000mm, length 4000～10000mm.
A kind of combined type manufacturing installation of ultra-large type rectangle ingot blank sloping casting, this manufacturing installation comprises a rectangle mold, this rectangle mold is along its length horizontal by 5 °～15 ° placements of tilting, and described rectangle mold is by forcing cool metal base plate and epipleural, lower side panel, left plate, right plate, cover plate to constitute the combining structure that can dismantle; Described pressure cool metal base plate is by rectangular metal base plate body and be coated on the intrinsic metal pipe frame of metal base plate and constitute; In order to improve the mold life-span, the medial surface of described pressure cool metal base plate, cover plate and each side plate is linked with one deck facing sand layer; The highest position of the rectangle mold after described assembling is provided with rising head, also is provided with the apparatus for pouring that injects molten steel on the rectangle mold.
In a better embodiment of the present invention, the metal pipe frame in the described pressure cool metal base plate is to be responsible for, to be responsible for down and perpendicular to the last person in charge be responsible for down and constitute with two a plurality of vertical arms of being responsible for conducting by laterally be going up of being provided with at interval up and down along the metal base plate body; The following person in charge's mouth of pipe that is positioned at metal base plate body one side is made as cooling medium inlet, and the person in charge's mouth of pipe of going up that is positioned at metal base plate body opposite side is made as the cooling medium outlet.
In a better embodiment of the present invention, described metal pipe frame is set side by side with many groups along metal base plate body length direction.
In a better embodiment of the present invention, the arrangement mode of described vertical arm in metal base plate body width is that dredge middle close both sides.
In a better embodiment of the present invention, described metal pipe frame is set side by side with many groups along metal base plate body length direction; Every group of metal pipe frame is by along a plurality of athwartship legs of metal base plate body lateral arrangement be positioned at a plurality of athwartship legs two ends and vertically be responsible for two of a plurality of athwartship leg conductings and constitute; One vertical person in charge is provided with cooling medium inlet, and another vertically is responsible for and is provided with the cooling medium outlet.
In a better embodiment of the present invention, the medial surface of described pressure cool metal base plate and each side plate is metal flat; The dorsal surface opposite with medial surface made the grid type bowl configurations on described pressure cool metal base plate and each side plate.
In a better embodiment of the present invention, the geometric center position, pit side with adjacent plate vicinity on described each side plate is provided with the bolt open-work that is used to be connected and fixed adjacent panels.
In a better embodiment of the present invention, be provided with dovetail groove in the position on close four limits of described pressure cool metal plate upper surface, or be interval with the open-work of a plurality of placement bolts.
In a better embodiment of the present invention, the plate face of described cover plate is provided with the rectangular mesh shape through hole structure of being made up of the pit and the open-work of a plurality of correspondences; In described latticed through hole structure, be filled with the moulding molding sand; The side is concaved with a plurality of grooves around the described cover plate, and the lower wall surface of groove is to having the bolt open-work in order to connect each side plate.
In a better embodiment of the present invention, described each side plate and cover plate are made of the corresponding plate assembling of two or polylith respectively.
In a better embodiment of the present invention, described molten steel apparatus for pouring is made up of depositing funnel, sprue, cross gate, ingate; This molten steel apparatus for pouring connects and is opened on epipleural, left plate or the right plate.
In a better embodiment of the present invention, be provided with the cool metal pipe support in the described lower side panel, this cool metal pipe support is made of a plurality of arms that the water inlet person in charge, the water outlet person in charge and conducting are arranged between two persons in charge.
In a better embodiment of the present invention, described molten steel apparatus for pouring is made up of depositing funnel, sprue, cross gate, ingate; This molten steel apparatus for pouring connects and is opened on the lower side panel.
In a better embodiment of the present invention, described rising head is installed in the highest position of rectangle mold, the rising head horizontal section is shaped as along the rectangular configuration of rectangle mold width, rising head is set to one or more according to width cast, the plane is concordant with the depositing funnel lower surface of molten steel apparatus for pouring on the rising head.
In a better embodiment of the present invention, described rising head is installed in tilted-putted cover plate highest position, and rising head is vertical shape structure, and the rising head inner chamber passes cover plate and communicates with rectangle mold ingot shape inner chamber.
In a better embodiment of the present invention, described rising head is installed in tilted-putted epipleural highest position, the L-shaped structure of rising head, L shaped minor face is the rising head passage of cross connection epipleural, L shaped long limit is the feeding part of rising head, laterally the upper edge of rising head passage is concordant with the peak of rectangle mold ingot shape inner chamber, is beneficial to float in the rising head on the impurity in the ingot steel casting process.
From the above mentioned, manufacturing installation of the present invention and method are the characteristics according to ultra-large type rectangle ingot blank, casting mold is tilted to place horizontal by 5 °～15 °, when large-scale steel ingot is cast, can reduce static pressure and the impulsive force of molten steel greatly to casting mold, reduced requirement, made and adopt the combined type casting mold structure to become possibility structural strength between the casting mold bonded block; Because casting mold adopts fabricated structure, can dress up corresponding casting mold according to the ingot blank set of specifications of making, reduced and made the expense of casting mold, and make casting mold moulding, assembling, dismantle more simple and flexible, heat is unpacked becomes possibility; Because casting mold tilts to place, large-scale steel ingot can make and assemble in the harmful substance rising heads obliquely upward such as impurity, gas and get rid of when casting, solidifying; The casting mold bottom surface is made into water-cooled metal mould, can realize the directional solidification of ingot blank thickness direction, can eliminate the foundry goods internal shrinkage, to slacken foundry goods loose, to improve the ingot blank quality.
Description of drawings
The following drawings only is intended to the present invention done and schematically illustrates and explain, not delimit the scope of the invention.Wherein:
Fig. 1: be ultra-large type rectangle ingot blank sloping casting process program one schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2: be ultra-large type rectangle ingot blank sloping casting process program two schematic diagrames of the present invention.
Fig. 3: be ultra-large type rectangle ingot blank sloping casting process program three schematic diagrames of the present invention.
Fig. 4 A: for forcing cool metal base plate and metal pipe frame arrangement one schematic diagram among the present invention.
Fig. 4 B: be the schematic side view of Fig. 4 A.
Fig. 4 C: be the elevational schematic view of Fig. 4 A.
Fig. 5 A: for forcing cool metal base plate and metal pipe frame arrangement two schematic diagrames among the present invention.
Fig. 5 B: be the schematic side view of Fig. 5 A.
Fig. 5 C: be the elevational schematic view of Fig. 5 A.
Fig. 6 A: for forcing cool metal base plate and metal pipe frame arrangement three schematic diagrames among the present invention.
Fig. 6 B: be the schematic side view of Fig. 6 A.
Fig. 6 C: be the elevational schematic view of Fig. 6 A.
Fig. 7 A: be epipleural structural representation among the present invention.
Fig. 7 B: be the schematic side view of Fig. 7 A.
Fig. 8 A: be left and right side plate structure schematic diagram among the present invention.
Fig. 8 B: be the schematic side view of Fig. 8 A.
Fig. 9 A: be lower side panel structure one schematic diagram among the present invention.
Fig. 9 B: be the schematic side view of Fig. 9 A.
Fig. 9 C: be the schematic top plan view of Fig. 9 A.
Figure 10 A: be lower side panel structure two schematic diagrames among the present invention.
Figure 10 B: be the schematic side view of Figure 10 A.
Figure 11 A: be cover plate structural representation of the present invention.
Figure 11 B: be the schematic side view of Figure 11 A.
Figure 11 C: be the elevational schematic view of Figure 11 A.
Figure 12 A: the structural representation one that constitutes for latus inframedium of the present invention and cover plate.
Figure 12 B: the structural representation two that constitutes for latus inframedium of the present invention and cover plate.
Figure 13: for the pressure cool metal base plate that medium dip of the present invention is placed is hung sand thickness schematic diagram.
Figure 14 A: hang the sand operation chart for forcing the cool metal base plate among the present invention.
Figure 14 B: be the schematic side view of Figure 14 A.
Figure 14 C: be the elevational schematic view of Figure 14 A.
Figure 15 A: for lower side panel among the present invention is hung the sand operation chart.
Figure 15 B: be the elevational schematic view of Figure 15 A.
Figure 16 A～Figure 16 F: be combined type manufacturing installation mould assembling process schematic diagram among the present invention.
Figure 17 A～Figure 17 D: be poly-slag schematic diagram in the casting cycle of the present invention.
Figure 18 A: be sloping casting of the present invention bottom surface order water cooling defective simulation result.
Figure 18 B: be the defective simulation result of conventional cast nature cooling means.
Figure 18 C: be the integral water-cooled directional solidification law limitation simulation result in prior art bottom surface.
The specific embodiment
Understand for technical characterictic of the present invention, purpose and effect being had more clearly, now contrast description of drawings the specific embodiment of the present invention.
As Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and shown in Figure 3, the present invention proposes a kind of combined type manufacturing installation 100 of ultra-large type rectangle ingot blank sloping casting, this manufacturing installation 100 comprises a rectangle mold 1, this rectangle mold 1 tilts to place the combining structure that described rectangle mold 1 can be dismantled by pressure cool metal base plate 11, epipleural 12, lower side panel 13, left plate 14, right plate 15 (shown in Fig. 8 A, Fig. 8 B) and cover plate 16 formations along its length direction horizontal by 5 °～15 °; Described pressure cool metal base plate 11 (shown in Fig. 4 A～Fig. 4 C, Fig. 5 A～Fig. 5 C and Fig. 6 A～Fig. 6 C) is to constitute (rectangular metal base plate body 111 as described in forming behind the molten steel solidification of metal pipe frame 112 outer coating cast) by rectangular metal base plate body 111 and the metal pipe frames 112 that are coated in the metal base plate body 111; The medial surface of described pressure cool metal base plate 11, cover plate 16 and each side plate is linked with facing sand layer 6; Used facing sand preferred resin sand material, facing sand layer 6 outer surface are coated with and roll 2～4mm high-temperature resistant coating (preferred alcohol radical zirconia coating); Described pressure cool metal base plate 11, epipleural 12, lower side panel 13, the thickness of the facing sand layer 6 that the medial surface of left plate 14 and right plate 15 hangs is 5～20mm, the thickness of the facing sand layer 6 that the medial surface of described cover plate hangs is 50～200mm, wherein, force the extension sand thickness between cool metal base plate 11 and foundry goods face, can change according to the intensity of cooling difference that different parts requires, can be (as shown in figure 13 by the heat-transfer capability between extension sand thickness adjustment pressure cool metal base plate 11 and foundry goods, near getting 5mm in lower side panel 13 positions, upwards 20mm is got at progressive additive to epipleural 12 positions); The highest position of the rectangle mold 1 after described assembling is provided with rising head 2, also is provided with the molten steel apparatus for pouring 3 that injects molten steel on the rectangle mold 1.
As Fig. 1～shown in Figure 3, the method that adopts this combined type manufacturing installation 100 to make ultra-large type rectangle ingot blank is, with combined type rectangular mold 1 along its length direction fixed placement on 5 °～15 ° inclined plane, in the present embodiment, at first melt pit 4 baseplanes are paved into required gradient face (5 °～15 °) with dry sand 5, (lower surface of described pressure cool metal base plate 11 is provided with the grid type bowl configurations on this inclined plane will to force cool metal base plate 11 fixed placement again, rely on to force 11 deadweights of cool metal base plate that the dry sand 5 of below is crowded with pits in the grid to fix this pressure cool metal base plate), der group loads side plate 13 above forcing cool metal base plate 11 then, a left side, right plate 14,15 and cover plate 16, rising head 2 is installed in the highest position of rectangle mold 1, molten steel apparatus for pouring 3 is installed on rectangle mold 1, afterwards, fill up the dry sand 5 that is used as floor sand between the inwall of rectangle mold 1 that assembles and casting melt pit 4, connection is advanced, go out cooling line and prepare casting; After molten steel injects rectangle mold 1, in metal pipe frame 112, feed cooling medium the rectangle ingot blank of inclination is cooled off from bottom to top in proper order to realize directional solidification; Described cooling medium can adopt water, air, water-gas mixture or other cooling mediums; In described pressure cool metal base plate 11, one group of metal pipe frame 112 can be set, also can be set up in parallel many group metal pipe frames 112 along the floor length direction.When one group of metal pipe frame 112 was set in the metal base plate 11, cooling medium was to flow from bottom to top to guarantee the order cooling from bottom to top of rectangle ingot blank.When the metal pipe frame 112 of group more than being provided with in the metal base plate 11, the technological requirement that can solidify according to the rectangle ingot blank, make and feed cooling medium in many groups metal pipe frame 112 of arranging from bottom to top in proper order,, realize directional solidification to guarantee the order cooling from bottom to top of rectangle ingot blank; According to instructions for use, first group down of water flowing order elder generation progressively makes progress second group, the 3rd group when cooling ..., form unique order type of cooling; After treating that rectangle ingot blank bulk temperature reaches technology molding temperature, stop to feed cooling medium; Cover plate 16 and each side plate of dismounting combined type rectangular mold 1; Allocate and transport this rectangle ingot blank to subsequent processing.Manufacture method of the present invention is applicable to the casting of the ultra-large type rectangle ingot blank of 60 tons～150 tons ingot shape gauge thickness 800～1500mm, width 2100～5000mm, length 4000～10000mm.
From the above mentioned, manufacturing installation of the present invention and method are the characteristics according to ultra-large type rectangle ingot blank, casting mold is tilted to place horizontal by 5 °～15 °, when large-scale steel ingot is cast, can reduce static pressure and the impulsive force of molten steel greatly to casting mold, reduced requirement, made and adopt the combined type casting mold structure to become possibility structural strength between the casting mold bonded block; Because casting mold adopts fabricated structure, can dress up corresponding casting mold according to the ingot blank set of specifications of making, reduced and made the expense of casting mold, and make casting mold moulding, assembling, dismantle more simple and flexible, heat is unpacked becomes possibility; Because casting mold tilts to place, large-scale steel ingot can make and assemble in the harmful substance rising heads obliquely upward such as impurity, gas and get rid of when casting, solidifying; The casting mold bottom surface is made into water-cooled metal mould, can realize the directional solidification of ingot blank thickness direction, eliminates shrinkage cavity, slackens in the foundry goods and loosen, to improve the ingot blank quality.
Further, shown in Fig. 4 A～Fig. 4 C, in the present embodiment, the metal pipe frames 112 in the described pressure cool metal base plate 11 are to be responsible for 1121, to be responsible for 1122 and perpendicular to the last person in charge be responsible for down and constitute with two a plurality of vertical arms 1123 of being responsible for conducting down by laterally be going up of being provided with at interval up and down along metal base plate body 111; Described metal pipe frame 112 is arranged in the position (that is: metal pipe frame 112 is laid near the surface of foundry goods one side) of contiguous its upper surface of metal base plate body 111 thickness directions; The following person in charge 1122 mouths of pipe that are positioned at metal base plate body 111 1 sides are made as cooling medium inlet (this time is responsible for 1122 another mouths of pipe and blocked with screw), the person in charge's 1121 mouths of pipe of going up that are positioned at metal base plate body 111 opposite sides are made as cooling medium outlet (being responsible for 1121 another mouths of pipe on this also blocks with screw), thereby guarantee that cooling medium is to flow from bottom to top to guarantee the order cooling from bottom to top of rectangle ingot blank, realizes directional solidification.For strengthening ingot blank middle part cooling capacity, the arrangement mode of described a plurality of vertical arms 1123 in metal base plate body 111 widths is that (shown in Fig. 4 A) dredged in middle close both sides.
In the present embodiment, described metal pipe frame 112 can be set side by side with many groups (shown in Fig. 5 A～Fig. 5 C, Fig. 6 A～Fig. 6 C) along metal base plate body 111 length directions.Described metal pipe frame 112 can adopt said structure to be set up in parallel many groups (shown in Fig. 5 A～Fig. 5 C).
Shown in Fig. 6 A～Fig. 6 C, when using many group metal pipe frames 112 to be set up in parallel, the structure of every group of metal pipe frame 112 also can be by along a plurality of athwartship legs 1124 of metal base plate body 111 lateral arrangement be positioned at a plurality of athwartship legs two ends and vertically be responsible for 1125,1126 with two of a plurality of athwartship leg conductings and constitute; Wherein, vertically be responsible for 1125 for one and be provided with cooling medium inlet, another vertically is responsible for 1126 and is provided with the cooling medium outlet.
In the present embodiment, shown in Fig. 4 C, Fig. 7 A～Fig. 7 B, Fig. 8 A～Fig. 8 B, Fig. 9 A～Fig. 9 C, Figure 10 A～Figure 10 B, the medial surface of described pressure cool metal base plate 11 and each side plate is metal flat; The dorsal surface opposite with medial surface made grid type bowl configurations 7 on described pressure cool metal base plate 11 and each side plate, with weight, the reduction mold internal stress that alleviates respective members, reduces the possibility of mold distortion.
On described each side plate with the contiguous geometric center position, pit 7 side of the contact-making surface of adjacent plate be provided be used for adjacent plate closing fixing bolt open-work 71.
In the present embodiment, shown in Fig. 4 A～Fig. 6 C, be provided with dovetail groove 113 in the position on close four limits of described pressure cool metal base plate 11 upper surfaces, or be interval with the open-work of a plurality of placement bolts.During the assembling mold, in dovetail groove 113, bolt is set, after bolt passes the bolt open-work 71 of corresponding side plate, each side plate is fixed on the pressure cool metal base plate 11; In like manner, cover plate 16 can be fixed on each side plate.
Further, shown in Figure 11 A～Figure 11 C, in the present embodiment, the plate face of described cover plate 16 is provided with the rectangular mesh shape through hole structure of being made up of the pit 81 of a plurality of correspondences and open-work 82 8; In described latticed through hole structure 8, be filled with moulding molding sand 5 (as shown in Figure 1), play the effect of ventilative insulation; The side is concaved with a plurality of grooves 162 around the described cover plate 16, and the lower wall surface of groove 162 is to having bolt open-work 1621 in order to connect each side plate.
In the present embodiment, described epipleural 12, lower side panel 13, left plate 14, right plate 15 and cover plate 16 can be respectively be made of two or the corresponding plate assembling of polylith, can dress up corresponding casting mold according to the ingot blank set of specifications of making, reduce the expense of making casting mold.Each side plate can be combined by several plates of equal height, different length or equal length, differing heights; Cover plate can be combined by several plates of same widths, different length or equal length, different in width; Shown in Figure 12 A, left plate 14 and cover plate 16 are made of the assembling of two boards spare respectively; Shown in Figure 12 B, left plate 14 and cover plate 16 are made of three plate assemblings respectively; Described two or three blocks of plates are linked together by bolting.
As Fig. 1～shown in Figure 3, in the present embodiment, described molten steel apparatus for pouring 3 is made up of depositing funnel 31, sprue 32, cross gate 33, ingate 34; Described sprue, cross gate, ingate all are to be made of the refractory brick tube inner chamber, wherein cross gate 33 adopts typical molding sand to fill with the refractory brick tube of ingate 34 is outer, sprue 32 refractory brick tube also include straight depositing metal shell outward, fill molding sand between metal shell and refractory brick tube; Sprue 32 links together by 90 ° of elbow brick pipes between internal refractory brick pipe and cross gate, and outside the filling with molding sand fixed straight depositing.
The ingate 34 of this molten steel apparatus for pouring 3 can connect and be opened on epipleural 12, left plate 14, right plate 15 or the lower side panel 13.
When 3 perforations of molten steel apparatus for pouring are opened on epipleural 12, left plate 14 or the right plate 15, in the described lower side panel 13 cool metal pipe support 131 (shown in Figure 10 A～Figure 10 B) can be set, this cool metal pipe support 131 is made of a plurality of arms 1313 that the water inlet person in charge 1311, the water outlet person in charge 1312 and conducting are arranged between two persons in charge.Molten steel apparatus for pouring 3 connects when being opened in epipleural 12, and ingate 34 is communicated with the foundry goods die cavity, and the ingate mouth is positioned at the middle and lower part of epipleural 12 short transverses, and the ingate of a plurality of parallel distributions is uniformly distributed on the steel ingot width.
When 3 perforations of molten steel apparatus for pouring are opened on the lower side panel 13, cool metal pipe support 131 is not set in the lower side panel 13; At this moment, the open-work that ingate will pass lower side panel 13 is communicated with the foundry goods die cavity, and the ingate mouth is positioned at the middle and lower part of lower side panel 13 short transverses, and the ingate of a plurality of parallel distributions is uniformly distributed on the steel ingot width.
As Fig. 1～shown in Figure 3, in the present embodiment, described rising head 2 is installed in the highest position of rectangle mold 1, and rising head 2 can be installed in the highest position (as Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3) of tilted-putted cover plate 16; Rising head 2 also can be installed in the highest position (as shown in Figure 1) of tilted-putted epipleural 12.Described rising head 2 horizontal sections are shaped as along the rectangular configuration of rectangle mold 1 width, and rising head 2 can be set to one or more according to width cast, and the plane is concordant with depositing funnel 31 lower surfaces of molten steel apparatus for pouring 3 on the rising head 2.The rising head casting mold adopts resin sand facing sand, traditional molding sand floor sand; The rising head inner wall surface is coated with rolls 2～4mm high-temperature resistant coating (preferred alcohol radical zirconia coating), covers exothermic mixture, heat preserving agent on the rising head molten steel face.
When described rising head 2 is installed in tilted-putted cover plate 16 highest position, corresponding open-work 161 (shown in Figure 11 A) is set on the described cover plate 16, rising head 2 is vertical shape structure, and the open-work 161 that rising head 2 inner chambers pass cover plate 16 communicates with rectangle mold ingot shape inner chamber; Rising head can be deviate from from open-work when the size of described open-work 161 should guarantee to unpack.
When described rising head 2 is installed in the highest position of tilted-putted epipleural 12, rising head 2 L-shaped structures, L shaped minor face is the rising head passage of cross connection epipleural 12, L shaped long limit is the feeding part of rising head, laterally the upper edge of rising head passage is concordant with the peak of rectangle mold ingot shape inner chamber, is beneficial to float in the rising head 2 on the impurity in the ingot steel casting process.
In the present embodiment, the manufacture process that adopts this combined type manufacturing installation to make ultra-large type rectangle ingot blank comprise mould preparation, assembling, cast, rising head hole irrigation, operating procedure such as unpack, level.
The concrete operations step is as follows:
One, the preparation of mould: comprise the cleaning of forcing cool metal base plate, left plate, right plate, epipleural, lower side panel, cover plate, moulding, brushing paint, drying etc.;
1. at first find out moulds such as producing required pressure cool metal base plate, left plate, right plate, epipleural, lower side panel, cover plate, check that mould has or not damage, clear up old sand remaining on the mould, corrosion etc., repair or change if any damage;
2. the mould that cleaning is good carries out molding operation:
To force the cool metal base plate is that representative (comprises and forces the cool metal base plate, left side plate, epipleural) only need go up extension 5～20mm facing sand at the face (medial surface) of contact foundry goods, do not offer rising head, operations such as running channel be a class: mould is rushed to horizontal positioned according to hanging the sand face, hang sand THICKNESS CONTROL plate on four frames of mould (screwing down) around installing, the furane resins facing sand for preparing is imported in the cavity that is surrounded by extension sand THICKNESS CONTROL plate, applying light is real with the sand shop, the shop is even, unnecessary facing sand is scraped along two parallel symmetrical THICKNESS CONTROL plate tracks with scraper plate 9, and supply shortcoming position (shown in Figure 14 A～Figure 14 C); Prepare brushing paint afterwards.
Shown in Figure 15 A, Figure 15 B, with the lower side panel is that representative (comprising lower side panel, cover plate etc.) need be hung on the face of contact foundry goods outside the sand, also need offer rising head or running channel etc.: mould is rushed to horizontal positioned according to hanging the sand face, hang sand THICKNESS CONTROL plate on four frames of mould around installing; Lay the import brick in lower side panel open-work center, between import brick and open-work wall, fill the supreme plane of furan resin-sand for preparing; Add the furane resins facing sand for preparing by hanging in the cavity that sand THICKNESS CONTROL plate surrounds again, applying light is real with the sand shop, the shop is even, unnecessary facing sand is scraped along two parallel symmetrical THICKNESS CONTROL plate tracks with scraper plate 9, and supplies and be short of the position; Prepare brushing paint afterwards.
3. brushing paint: after treating the molding sand sclerosis, on the horizontal positioned face that contacts with foundry goods, be coated with and roll alcohol radical zirconia fireproof coating; Be coated with rolling method: the alcohol radical zirconia fireproof coating cream that configures is poured on the sand face, after tentatively shakeouing, coating plaster is coated with along two parallel symmetrical THICKNESS CONTROL plate tracks with Paint scraper again and rolls on the sand face, and control uniform paint thickness at 2～4mm.Other positions that will contact with foundry goods with quadrat method also are coated with rolls 2～4mm coating.
4. dry: as will to be coated with and to roll the good coating plaster that contains a large amount of ethanol, and after the rare coating that mixes and stirs with ethanol whitewashes one time to coating surface, put burning coating material, and make coating spontaneous combustion drying, sclerosis with kindling material.
Two, mould assembling assembling: shown in Figure 16 A～Figure 16 F, the melt pit baseplane is paved into the required gradient (5 °～15 °) with dry sand at the position of placing pressure cool metal base plate, place above and force cool metal base plate (facing down of band pit grid), rely on to force the deadweight of cool metal base plate that the dry sand of below is crowded with pits in the grid, connect and force the cool metal base plate, and confirm that connection is good, do not have and reveal through suppressing test into and out of medium pipeline; Forcing to lay lower side panel earlier above the cool metal base plate then, lay preceding with lower side panel and molding sand and the Impurity removal of forcing cool metal base plate contact-making surface, the back relies on the deadweight of lower side panel that coating plaster is flattened compacting at one deck alcohol radical fire clay cream of brushing on the contact-making surface about 1～2mm; Penetrate fastening screw and alignment pin, lower side panel and base plate are tightened together; The inboard facing sand of base plate after filling up equating, is lighted seam along contacting with the coating plaster of lower side panel facing sand contact site; Left and right side plate, epipleural are installed successively and will be fastening to each other; Last above the epipleural that assembles, left and right side plate, lower side panel, lay the cover plate (molding sand on cover plate and left and right side plate, epipleural, the lower side panel contact-making surface is not removed) of band rising head, closely contact sealing by molding sand therebetween; Penetrating fastening screw and alignment pin makes cover plate and each side plate fastening; Lay pouring device, connect the gate brick in the lower side panel through hole, lay cross gate brick pipe and sprue brick pipe, tamp with molding sand between brick, lay sprue cup (funnel lower plane should with above the rising head on a horizontal plane) at last, between rectangle mold that assembles and melt pit inwall, do floor sand at last and fill up with dry sand; Connect the outside and advance, return cooling line, prepare casting.
Three, the cast of ultra-large type rectangle ingot blank:
1. need before the casting to confirm that the cooling medium pipeline does not normally have leakage, cooling medium enters valve and is in closed condition, opens the passage that medium flows out valve and all communicated drainage, guarantees that gas can unimpeded eliminating in the cooling tube.
2. by technological requirement parameter cast molten steel, shown in Figure 17 A～Figure 17 D, through depositing funnel, sprue, cross gate, ingate, molten steel is flowed into the mold lower end of 5 °～15 ° of placements by the ingate in the rectangle mold lower side panel open-work, along with constantly pouring of molten steel, the molten steel face is by advancing obliquely upward down, be mixed in the gas in the molten steel, impurity is also passed obliquely upward with the molten steel face in the process of come-up and is moved, be full of casting mold until molten steel, impurity and gas are constantly assembled to the rising head that is positioned at oblique upper, along with further pouring of molten steel, impurity and gas are extruded to rising head inside and stop cast until about distance rising head upper surface 200mm; The rising head top adds heat preserving agent, coverture.
3. feed the directed cooling of cooling medium: slowly open cooling medium and enter tube valve, adjust medium and enter pipe pressure, flow, control medium effuser temperature remains between 50 ℃～80 ℃, solidifies fully until foundry goods.
Four, stop pouring practice: after treating that the ingot casting bulk temperature reaches technology molding temperature, close but pipeline valve of cooling, after pipeline medium to be cooled evaporates, unload the medium turnover pipe that connects on the casting mold.
Five, stripping operation: remove the outer floor sand of rectangle mold, lay down the fastening bolt between cover plate and epipleural, left and right side plate, lower side panel successively, the cover plate case of slinging; Lay down the fastening bolt between epipleural, left and right side plate, lower side panel and pressure cool metal base plate, remove epipleural, left and right side plate, lower side panel, the allocation and transportation steel ingot is transported to be leveled operation and levels.
Shown in Figure 18 A, for utilizing the combined type manufacturing installation of said method and ultra-large type rectangle ingot blank sloping casting of the present invention, by the simulation result of technological requirement parameter casting ingot blank; Figure 18 B is the defective simulation result of conventional cast nature cooling means; Figure 18 C is the integral water-cooled directional solidification law limitation simulation result in prior art bottom surface; By the simulation result contrast as can be known, the present invention can significantly improve the ingot blank quality.
The present invention has following beneficial technical effects:
1. adopt the sloping casting mode, greatly reduce static pressure and the impulsive force of molten steel, reduced requirement, make the realization of fabricated structure become possibility, and greatly reduce the construction expenditure of mold structural strength between the mold bonded block to mold;
Since force large-scale steel ingot that the use of cool metal base plate makes sloping casting from bottom to top consecutive solidification become possibility;
3. owing to force the cool metal base plate to tilt to place, having guaranteed that large-scale steel ingot is assembled to get rid of in the harmful substance rising heads obliquely upward such as impurity, gas in casting, when solidifying becomes possibility;
4. because the coolant guiding channel of tilted-putted pressure cool metal base plate adopts the mode that the cooling medium below is advanced, the top goes out, casting mold is subjected to the cooling below temperature of cooling tube lower, cooling capacity is stronger, along with the transmission of casting mold heat in cooling medium, coolant temperature raises from bottom to top gradually, and cooling capacity weakens thereupon; Cooling sequence consensus with the foundry goods requirement.
5. owing to force the distribution form that the cooling arm adopts middle close both sides to dredge in the cool metal base plate, improved the foundry goods middle part and conducted heat, can reduce loose;
6. owing to force that the cool metal pipe support adopts the independent structures that supply water of many groups in the cool metal base plate, artificially control the up time cooling for foundry goods and created condition, make slacken loose in the foundry goods, eliminate shrinkage cavity and become possibility;
7. because mold adopts the box combining structure of semi-permanent mould, the moulding of mold, assembling, dismantle more simple and flexible; And heat is unpacked become possibility;
8. because mold adopts the box combining structure of semi-permanent mould, can change mold inner chamber specification by changing left and right side plate, upper and lower side plate height or length, therefore, the versatility of mould is stronger, and the specification conversion is more convenient, and die cost can reduce greatly;
9. because mold adopt to be hung the semi-permanent mould structure of sand, and molten steel no longer directly contacts with metal mold, molten steel splash, the rise blemish such as surperficial cold shut, steel beans of shakiness appearance have been avoided;
10. because casting mold adopts the semi-permanent mould structure of hanging sand, molten steel contact sand mold surface chill intensity reduces greatly, reduced top layer Quench nucleation ability, weakened the superfine equiax crystal thickness of surface of steel ingot chill, make the whole homogeneous nucleation tendency of steel ingot increase greatly, make the whole proportion of equiaxed grain of ingot casting increase greatly;
11., played the adjusting and the control action of mold cooling heat transferring, help loosening, shrinkage cavity shifts to the rising head direction owing to force the cool metal base plate to hang the change of sand thickness (adopt thin down, go up thick even variation);
12. because the semi-permanent mould mold adopts resin sand to hang the sand material, not moisture and crystallization water composition need not special drying in the sand, molding sand resin carbonation and defeated and dispersed back product after casting can be avoided the surface of steel ingot oxidation, and the molding sand after defeated and dispersed more helps the demoulding;
13. because semi-permanent mould casting resin sand is hung the use of layer of sand external oxidation zirconium alcohol-base paint, under the high temperature sintering of molten steel, the zirconia dope layer forms the hard ceramic shell of one deck, stoped molten steel to permeate to layer of sand once more on the one hand, avoided scab, had simultaneously to prevent that molding sand is involved in the effect of molten steel pollution metal liquid;
14. it is the plane that the semi-permanent mould sub-assembly adopts one side, another side is the grid bowl configurations, when guaranteeing the sub-assembly integral rigidity, make this integral body mold weight reduce (cost reduction) greatly, make stress reduce the possibility of the temperature distortion (reduce) greatly simultaneously, make fixedly connected between sub-assembly become more convenient.
In sum, the invention enables ultra-large type rectangle ingot blank combined type to create possibility, simultaneously, have that ingot casting equiax crystal district is big, quality good, the using rate of metal advantages of higher.
The above only is the schematic specific embodiment of the present invention, is not in order to limit scope of the present invention.Any those skilled in the art, equivalent variations of having done under the prerequisite that does not break away from design of the present invention and principle and modification all should belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (18)
1. the combined type manufacture method of a ultra-large type rectangle ingot blank sloping casting, with the combined type rectangular mold along its length direction fixed placement on 5 °～15 ° inclined plane, this rectangle mold is by the combining structure that can dismantle of forcing cool metal base plate and epipleural, lower side panel, left plate, right plate, cover plate to constitute; The highest position of the rectangle mold after assembling is provided with rising head, and the molten steel apparatus for pouring is set on the rectangle mold; The many groups metal pipe frame that is provided with one group of metal pipe frame or is set up in parallel in the described pressure cool metal base plate along the floor length direction; After molten steel injects the rectangle mold, in metal pipe frame, feed cooling medium the rectangle ingot blank of inclination is cooled off from bottom to top in proper order to realize directional solidification; After treating that rectangle ingot blank bulk temperature reaches technology molding temperature, stop to feed cooling medium; Cover plate and each side plate of dismounting combined type rectangular mold; Allocate and transport this rectangle ingot blank to subsequent processing.
2. the combined type manufacture method of ultra-large type rectangle ingot blank sloping casting as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: this method is applicable to the casting of the ultra-large type rectangle ingot blank of 60 tons～150 tons ingot shape gauge thickness 800～1500mm, width 2100～5000mm, length 4000～10000mm.
3. the combined type manufacturing installation of a ultra-large type rectangle ingot blank sloping casting, this manufacturing installation comprises a rectangle mold, it is characterized in that: this rectangle mold is along its length horizontal by 5 °～15 ° placements of tilting, and described rectangle mold is by forcing cool metal base plate and epipleural, lower side panel, left plate, right plate, cover plate to constitute the combining structure that can dismantle; Described pressure cool metal base plate is by rectangular metal base plate body and be coated on the intrinsic metal pipe frame of metal base plate and constitute; The medial surface of described pressure cool metal base plate, cover plate and each side plate is linked with the facing sand layer; The highest position of the rectangle mold after described assembling is provided with rising head, also is provided with the molten steel apparatus for pouring that injects molten steel on the rectangle mold.
4. the combined type manufacturing installation of ultra-large type rectangle ingot blank sloping casting as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: the metal pipe frame in the described pressure cool metal base plate is to be responsible for, to be responsible for down and perpendicular to the last person in charge be responsible for down and constitute with two a plurality of vertical arms of being responsible for conducting by laterally be going up of being provided with at interval up and down along the metal base plate body; The following person in charge's mouth of pipe that is positioned at metal base plate body one side is made as cooling medium inlet, and the person in charge's mouth of pipe of going up that is positioned at metal base plate body opposite side is made as the cooling medium outlet.
5. the combined type manufacturing installation of ultra-large type rectangle ingot blank sloping casting as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: described metal pipe frame is set side by side with many groups along metal base plate body length direction.
6. as the combined type manufacturing installation of claim 4 or 5 described ultra-large type rectangle ingot blank sloping castings, it is characterized in that: the arrangement mode of described vertical arm in metal base plate body width is that dredge middle close both sides.
7. the combined type manufacturing installation of ultra-large type rectangle ingot blank sloping casting as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: described metal pipe frame is set side by side with many groups along metal base plate body length direction; Every group of metal pipe frame is by along a plurality of athwartship legs of metal base plate body lateral arrangement be positioned at a plurality of athwartship legs two ends and vertically be responsible for two of a plurality of athwartship leg conductings and constitute; One vertical person in charge is provided with cooling medium inlet, and another vertically is responsible for and is provided with the cooling medium outlet.
8. the combined type manufacturing installation of ultra-large type rectangle ingot blank sloping casting as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: the medial surface of described pressure cool metal base plate and each side plate is metal flat; The dorsal surface opposite with medial surface made the grid type bowl configurations on described pressure cool metal base plate and each side plate.
9. the combined type manufacturing installation of ultra-large type rectangle ingot blank sloping casting as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that: the geometric center position, pit side with adjacent plate vicinity on described each side plate is provided with the bolt open-work that is used to be connected and fixed adjacent panels.
10. the combined type manufacturing installation of ultra-large type rectangle ingot blank sloping casting as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that: the position on close four limits of described pressure cool metal plate upper surface is provided with dovetail groove, or is interval with the open-work of a plurality of placement bolts.
11. the combined type manufacturing installation of ultra-large type rectangle ingot blank sloping casting as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: the plate face of described cover plate is provided with the rectangular mesh shape through hole structure of being made up of the pit and the open-work of a plurality of correspondences; In described latticed through hole structure, be filled with the moulding molding sand; The side is concaved with a plurality of grooves around the described cover plate, and the lower wall surface of groove is to having the bolt open-work in order to connect each side plate.
12. the combined type manufacturing installation as claim 9 or 11 described ultra-large type rectangle ingot blank sloping castings is characterized in that: described each side plate and cover plate are made of the corresponding plate assembling of two or polylith respectively.
13. the combined type manufacturing installation of ultra-large type rectangle ingot blank sloping casting as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: described molten steel apparatus for pouring is made up of depositing funnel, sprue, cross gate, ingate; This molten steel apparatus for pouring connects and is opened on epipleural, left plate or the right plate.
14. the combined type manufacturing installation of ultra-large type rectangle ingot blank sloping casting as claimed in claim 13, it is characterized in that: be provided with the cool metal pipe support in the described lower side panel, this cool metal pipe support is made of a plurality of arms that the water inlet person in charge, the water outlet person in charge and conducting are arranged between two persons in charge.
15. the combined type manufacturing installation of ultra-large type rectangle ingot blank sloping casting as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: described molten steel apparatus for pouring is made up of depositing funnel, sprue, cross gate, ingate; This molten steel apparatus for pouring connects and is opened on the lower side panel.
16. combined type manufacturing installation as claim 13 or 15 described ultra-large type rectangle ingot blank sloping castings, it is characterized in that: described rising head is installed in the highest position of rectangle mold, the rising head horizontal section is shaped as along the rectangular configuration of rectangle mold width, rising head is set to one or more according to width cast, the plane is concordant with the depositing funnel lower surface of molten steel apparatus for pouring on the rising head.
17. the combined type manufacturing installation of ultra-large type rectangle ingot blank sloping casting as claimed in claim 16, it is characterized in that: described rising head is installed in tilted-putted cover plate highest position, rising head is vertical shape structure, and the rising head inner chamber passes cover plate and communicates with rectangle mold ingot shape inner chamber.
18. the combined type manufacturing installation of ultra-large type rectangle ingot blank sloping casting as claimed in claim 16, it is characterized in that: described rising head is installed in tilted-putted epipleural highest position, the L-shaped structure of rising head, L shaped minor face is the rising head passage of cross connection epipleural, L shaped long limit is the feeding part of rising head, laterally the upper edge of rising head passage is concordant with the peak of rectangle mold ingot shape inner chamber, is beneficial to float in the rising head on the impurity in the ingot steel casting process.
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| CN102240779A (en) * | 2011-08-05 | 2011-11-16 | 烟台鲁宝有色合金有限公司 | Process for manufacturing copper alloy in narrow crystallization temperature range |
| CN105728700A (en) * | 2016-02-15 | 2016-07-06 | 柳州职业技术学院 | Casting technique for brass electrode holder |
| CN108273959A (en) * | 2018-03-13 | 2018-07-13 | 云南铝业股份有限公司 | A kind of aluminium alloy large-sized thin-wall part sand casting technique |
| CN108555257A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-09-21 | 中钢集团邢台机械轧辊有限公司 | The pouring procedure of rising pouring steel ingot |
| CN109808125A (en) * | 2019-01-19 | 2019-05-28 | 湖南上真电子科技有限公司 | A kind of injection molding machine |
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| CN102069160B (en) | 2012-09-12 |
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