CN104353782A - Lost foam casting process of high-manganese steel sieve plate - Google Patents
Lost foam casting process of high-manganese steel sieve plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN104353782A CN104353782A CN201410580473.3A CN201410580473A CN104353782A CN 104353782 A CN104353782 A CN 104353782A CN 201410580473 A CN201410580473 A CN 201410580473A CN 104353782 A CN104353782 A CN 104353782A
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- sieve plate
- lost foam
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
- B22C9/04—Use of lost patterns
- B22C9/046—Use of patterns which are eliminated by the liquid metal in the mould
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Abstract
The invention relates to a lost foam casting process, in particular to a lost foam casting process of a high-manganese steel sieve plate. The lost foam casting process comprises the following steps: 1, performing blank moulding; 2, preparing paint; 3, serially connecting moulds and blank moulds; 4, painting; 5, performing sand moulding; 6, smelting; 7, casting, performing shakeout and performing water toughing treatment. By the lost foam casting process, the top pouring time is shortest and the pouring speed is high, so that sand crushing can be easily prevented; the temperature fall is small, so that defects caused by insufficient pouring and a cold shut can be easily prevented; the product yield is high, and the sequential solidification and feeding effect is good; carbon defects of a cast product can be eliminated; small-batch pilot scale tests and mass production practices show that the one-time pass rate of the cast product reaches about 95%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of lost foam casting process, specifically lost foam casting potassium steel sieve plate technique.
Background technology
Lost foam casting (also known as cavityless casting) is with foamed plastics (EPS, STMMA or EPMMA) lost foam casting process macromolecular material make become and the design of part that casting will be produced, the duplicate full mold mould of size, (strengthening is played through dip-coating fireproof coating, bright and clean, permeation functions) and after drying, be embedded in drystone sand through three-dimensional vibrating moulding, casting molding flask pours into molten metal liquid under negative pressure state, make macromolecular material model by thermal evaporation extraction, and then the disposal molding New Casting Technique formed after being replaced cooled and solidified by liquid metals produces the novel casting method of foundry goods.
Have multiple different call for lost foam casting, domestic main call also has " dry sand cavityless casting " " vacuum full mold casting ", is called for short EPS casting.External call mainly contains: lost foam process (USA), policast process (Italy) etc.
Compared with conventional casting technologies, Technology of EPC has impayable advantage, is cast boundary both at home and abroad and is called " foundry engieering of 21 century " and " green revolution of foundary industry ".
Lost foam casting has features: 1, casting quality is good, and cost is low; 2, material is not limit, and size is all suitable; 3, high, any surface finish of precision, minimizing cleaning, saving machine add; 4, internal flaw greatly reduces, and cast structure is fine and close; 5, extensive, production in enormous quantities can be realized; 6, the production in enormous quantities casting of identical foundry goods is applicable to; 7, manual operation is applicable to and automatic assembly line production run controls; 8, the production status of production line meets the requirement of green technology parameter index; 9, greatly can improve working environment and the working condition of foundry production line, reduce labour intensity, reduce energy resource consumption.
High violent steel sieve plate is the conventional antifriction alloy foundry goods of the various screening ore particles such as ore dressing, building materials, metallurgy, be particularly useful for sieving under vibration condition, general ZGMn13 only uses some months service life, use various sizes (slot size) sieve plate that ZGMn13Cr2 produces under lost foam casting process instead, reaction after producer's use for many years, life-span increases by 2 times, 3 times, more than 4 times, receives praises from customers.
Application number 201310750049.4 discloses the casting technique of high manganese steel lining plate that a kind of as cast condition uses, and it specifically includes the design of metal mold and processing, metal type sand-covering, melting are cast, cooled and correction step.The method is because adopt design and the processing of metal mold, and cost is high, and allowance is large.
Application number 201210301732.5 discloses a kind of sieve plate of hammerhead crusher production technology, it is disclosed that and adopts lost foam process casting, but wherein do not described in detail by concrete processing step.
The evaporative pattern running gate system of potassium steel liquid cast sieve plate controls bad, defect rate is very high, because teeming, straight, horizontal, ingate is connect under waiting pipe cup, running channel is bigger than normal, on the high side, the molten steel temperature then entering die cavity is too high, too fast, it is overheated to make in chamber, the defect produced has: scab, chemical scab, coating cracking, peel off cause buckle, scab, drum is convex, fleshiness etc., the molten steel in sand, chamber that collapses enter too fast, too quickly, impulsive force is excessive, temperature is too high again, makes local sand mold collapse, collapses loose, foundry goods is scrapped; Same overheated pouring temperature, adopt rising pouring, directly, horizontal, ingate cross section is too small, on the low side, and make molten steel enter inner chamber hourly velocity and slow down slack-off, the time is long again, impel temperature to reduce to exaggerate, so that the white mould in local area completely totally melts, the defect of generation: elephant skin, long-pending phosphorus, inner skin, scab, molten steel, sand, Bai Mo decompose residual solution, bright carbon and tar, bond together, be difficult to cleaning, water less than, misrun, pipe, slag inclusion, be mingled with, gas enclosure etc.So the running gate system adapted to foundry goods must be considered.Straight horizontal stroke, interior sectional area, to control the suitable speed entering die cavity, the distribution of temperature and thermal field, could obtain castings.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is just to provide a kind of lost foam casting potassium steel sieve plate, and the sieve plate anti-wear performance produced is good, and intensity is high, and the life-span is long.
Its concrete technical scheme is:
A kind of lost foam casting potassium steel sieve plate technique, comprises the following steps:
The first step, Bai Mo: consider that the casting technique of lost foam casting calculates amount of contraction by sieve plate drawing requirement, then, on white die cutter platform, EPS sheet material is cut with heating wire, be that slot size is pressed out one by one at hollow sheet steel pipe overall diameter, when white mould requirement is more, use mould to press out circular hole once or several times, make the white mould of sieve plate;
Second step, coating processed;
3rd step, module, white module string: the ingate of the white mould of sieve plate, one case 1900mm × 1600mm × 1600mm arranges 24, every part ingate is П shape, wide 10mm × long 40mm × high 20mm spacing 100mm, another ingate 10mm × 40mm × 20mm, horizontal ingate connects two ingates with 40mm × 40mm × 1800mm cross gate by 24, and upper end ingate is put on sprue in the middle of connecting and established cup, teeming, for equalization is solidified;
4th step, swabbing;
5th step, sand mold; During moulding, first bottom sandbox, spread the thick sand of 150mm, jolt ramming, shake smooth and strike off, then sieve plate string group is hung in sandbox, in putting, in knockout bucket, cloth-bag type evenly adds sand, limit vibrates, Bian Jiasha, stops adding sand during to molding sand from sandbox 10 ~ 20mm, end face paving plastic film, good with dry sand gland, place cup, to be poured;
6th step, melting;
7th step, cast, knockout, water-tenacity treatment.
Described ESP panel density is at 0.016 ~ 0.025g/cm
3.
Described swabbing, it is dry first the white mould of every part sieve plate to be entered the oven dry of 45 ~ 55 DEG C, drying room, brushes a coating by hand, especially will notice that each hole of sieve plate all wants even paint, then dry, then brush second time, then enters drying room and dry; By sprue, cross gate, the bonding one-tenth of the white mould of ingate sieve plate one group of string, coat two times coating, fall after oven dry case.
Described 7th step pouring temperature is 1400 ~ 1550 DEG C, controls negative pressure value 0.015 ~ 0.025MPa when building in sandbox, after being poured, crossing 3 ~ 5min and removes vacuum.
Described water-tenacity treatment black furnace intensification 40 ~ 100 DEG C/h, be warming up to 650 DEG C of insulation 1.0 ~ 2.0h and be warming up to 1050 ~ 1100 DEG C of insulation about 1.0h again, be greater than 950 DEG C of shrends, the water temperature in pond keeps less than 40 DEG C.
Adopt rubber type three-dimensional vibrating-compaction table, vibrating motor, frequency is 50Hz, and time of vibration is 60 ~ 90s, amplitude 0.3-0.5mm.
Beneficial effect: it is the shortest that type required time is filled in teeming, waters speed soon, is beneficial to and prevents crush; Temperature reduces few, is conducive to preventing misrun and cold shut defects; Product yield is high, and consecutive solidification feeding effect is good; Foundry goods carbon defects can be eliminated.
Small lot pilot scale and production in enormous quantities practice show, the disposable qualification rate of cast product reaches about 95%.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment one:
A kind of lost foam casting potassium steel sieve plate technique, comprises the following steps:
The first step, Bai Mo: consider that the casting technique of lost foam casting calculates amount of contraction by sieve plate drawing requirement, then, on white die cutter platform, EPS sheet material is cut with heating wire, be that slot size is pressed out one by one at hollow sheet steel pipe overall diameter, when white mould requirement is more, use mould to press out circular hole once or several times, make the white mould of sieve plate;
Second step, coating processed; Forsterite sand (powder) coating
Composition: forsterite sand (powder) particle diameter 0.053mm, 100kg, sodium bentonite 6 ~ 10kg, natrium carbonicum calcinatum 1 ~ 3kg, CMC0.5 ~ 1.0kg, adhesive 2 ~ 3kg, milky white adhesive 3 ~ 4kg, water is appropriate; Mixed system: forsterite powder+bentonite+natrium carbonicum calcinatum+adhesive+CMC(that stirs is first water-soluble)+milky white adhesive stirring/4h discharging (coating).This kind of coating must be noted that Si0 in forsterite powder
2during (quartz) content>=40%, often affect the effect of coating, because Si0
2chemical reaction can be produced and bonding with MmO.
3rd step, module, white module string: the ingate of the white mould of sieve plate, one case 1900mm × 1600mm × 1600mm arranges 24, every part ingate is П shape, wide 10mm × long 40mm × high 20mm spacing 100mm, another ingate 10mm × 40mm × 20mm, horizontal ingate connects two ingates with 40mm × 40mm × 1800mm cross gate by 24, and upper end ingate is put on sprue in the middle of connecting and established cup, teeming, for equalization is solidified;
4th step, swabbing; First the white mould of every part sieve plate is entered the oven dry of 45 DEG C, drying room dry, brush a coating by hand, especially will notice that each hole of sieve plate all wants even paint, then dry, then brush second time, then enter drying room and dry; By sprue, cross gate, the bonding one-tenth of the white mould of ingate sieve plate one group of string, coat two times coating, fall after oven dry case.
5th step, sand mold; During moulding, first bottom sandbox, spread the thick sand of 150mm, jolt ramming, shake smooth and strike off, then sieve plate string group is hung in sandbox, in putting, in knockout bucket, cloth-bag type evenly adds sand, limit vibrates, Bian Jiasha, stops adding sand during to molding sand from sandbox 10 ~ 20mm, end face paving plastic film, good with dry sand gland, place cup, to be poured;
6th step, melting; Undertaken by melting potassium steel operating procedure with 1.0t intermediate frequency furnace, and carry out appropriate rare earth Dy ions, to make casting crystalline grain refinement.
7th step, cast, knockout, water-tenacity treatment.Pouring temperature is 1450 DEG C, controls negative pressure value 0.015 ~ 0.025MPa when building in sandbox, after being poured, crossing 3 ~ 5min and removes vacuum.Because the poor thermal conductivity of potassium steel, easily produce ardent and cold cracking, therefore foundry goods be incubated in sandbox want fully, often cast be at night low power consumption time blow-on melting after cast finish, second day by the time dusk shake out again, sand removal.
Described water-tenacity treatment black furnace heats up 60 DEG C/h, and be warming up to 650 DEG C of insulation 1.0 ~ 2.0h and be warming up to 1050 DEG C of insulation about 1.0h again, be greater than 950 DEG C of shrends, the water temperature in pond keeps less than 40 DEG C.The best water yield in pond wants many, and is flow regime, enters cold water, flow out hot water above at the bottom of pond, constantly reduces and keeps water temperature, could obtain the sieve plate of high-quality.
Embodiment two:
A kind of lost foam casting potassium steel sieve plate technique, comprises the following steps:
The first step, Bai Mo: consider that the casting technique of lost foam casting calculates amount of contraction by sieve plate drawing requirement, then, on white die cutter platform, EPS sheet material is cut with heating wire, be that slot size is pressed out one by one at hollow sheet steel pipe overall diameter, when white mould requirement is more, use mould to press out circular hole once or several times, make the white mould of sieve plate;
Second step, coating processed; Forsterite sand (powder) coating
Composition: magnesia powder (electrofusion magnesia powder) coating
Composition: magnesia powder (electrofusion magnesia powder) 100kg, soda ash (Na
2cO
3) 2kg, bentonite 8kg, CMC1.0kg, BY(water-soluble resin) 2.0kg, white glue with vinyl 2kg and water appropriate.Mixed system: drum-type coating stirs 8h.Refractory material can purchase brown alundum powder (Al according to market supply
2o
3) bauxite ore is after electric smelting process, namely the powder of nice foundry sand is also passable.
3rd step, module, white module string: the ingate of the white mould of sieve plate, one case 1900mm × 1600mm × 1600mm arranges 24, every part ingate is П shape, wide 10mm × long 40mm × high 20mm spacing 100mm, another ingate 10mm × 40mm × 20mm, horizontal ingate connects two ingates with 40mm × 40mm × 1800mm cross gate by 24, and upper end ingate is put on sprue in the middle of connecting and established cup, teeming, for equalization is solidified;
4th step, swabbing; First the white mould of every part sieve plate is entered the oven dry of 55 DEG C, drying room dry, brush a coating by hand, especially will notice that each hole of sieve plate all wants even paint, then dry, then brush second time, then enter drying room and dry; By sprue, cross gate, the bonding one-tenth of the white mould of ingate sieve plate one group of string, coat two times coating, fall after oven dry case.
5th step, sand mold; During moulding, first bottom sandbox, spread the thick sand of 150mm, jolt ramming, shake smooth and strike off, then sieve plate string group is hung in sandbox, in putting, in knockout bucket, cloth-bag type evenly adds sand, limit vibrates, Bian Jiasha, stops adding sand during to molding sand from sandbox 10 ~ 20mm, end face paving plastic film, good with dry sand gland, place cup, to be poured;
6th step, melting; Undertaken by melting potassium steel operating procedure with 1.0t intermediate frequency furnace, and carry out appropriate rare earth Dy ions, to make casting crystalline grain refinement.
7th step, cast, knockout, water-tenacity treatment.Pouring temperature is 1500 DEG C, controls negative pressure value 0.015 ~ 0.025MPa when building in sandbox, after being poured, crossing 3 ~ 5min and removes vacuum.Because the poor thermal conductivity of potassium steel, easily produce ardent and cold cracking, therefore foundry goods be incubated in sandbox want fully, often cast be at night low power consumption time blow-on melting after cast finish, second day by the time dusk shake out again, sand removal.
Described water-tenacity treatment black furnace heats up 80 DEG C/h, and be warming up to 650 DEG C of insulation 1.0 ~ 2.0h and be warming up to 1050 DEG C of insulation about 1.0h again, be greater than 950 DEG C of shrends, the water temperature in pond keeps less than 40 DEG C.
Embodiment three:
A kind of lost foam casting potassium steel sieve plate technique, comprises the following steps:
The first step, Bai Mo: consider that the casting technique of lost foam casting calculates amount of contraction by sieve plate drawing requirement, then, on white die cutter platform, EPS sheet material is cut with heating wire, be that slot size is pressed out one by one at hollow sheet steel pipe overall diameter, when white mould requirement is more, use mould to press out circular hole once or several times, make the white mould of sieve plate;
Second step, coating processed; Forsterite sand (powder) coating
Composition: magnesia powder (electrofusion magnesia powder) coating
Composition: magnesia powder (electrofusion magnesia powder) 100kg, soda ash (Na
2cO
3) 2kg, bentonite 8kg, CMC1.0kg, BY(water-soluble resin) 2.0kg, white glue with vinyl 2kg and water appropriate.Mixed system: drum-type coating stirs 8h.Refractory material can purchase brown alundum powder (Al according to market supply
2o
3) bauxite ore is after electric smelting process, namely the powder of nice foundry sand is also passable.A small amount of activating agent (JFC or T-10 or turpentine oil) 0.5% ~ 1.0%(mass fraction is added) in obtained coating.
3rd step, module, white module string: the ingate of the white mould of sieve plate, one case 1900mm × 1600mm × 1600mm arranges 24, every part ingate is П shape, wide 10mm × long 40mm × high 20mm spacing 100mm, another ingate 10mm × 40mm × 20mm, horizontal ingate connects two ingates with 40mm × 40mm × 1800mm cross gate by 24, and upper end ingate is put on sprue in the middle of connecting and established cup, teeming, for equalization is solidified;
4th step, swabbing; First the white mould of every part sieve plate is entered the oven dry of 55 DEG C, drying room dry, brush a coating by hand, especially will notice that each hole of sieve plate all wants even paint, then dry, then brush second time, then enter drying room and dry; By sprue, cross gate, the bonding one-tenth of the white mould of ingate sieve plate one group of string, coat two times coating, fall after oven dry case.
5th step, sand mold; During moulding, first bottom sandbox, spread the thick sand of 150mm, jolt ramming, shake smooth and strike off, then sieve plate string group is hung in sandbox, in putting, in knockout bucket, cloth-bag type evenly adds sand, limit vibrates, Bian Jiasha, stops adding sand during to molding sand from sandbox 10 ~ 20mm, end face paving plastic film, good with dry sand gland, place cup, to be poured;
6th step, melting; Undertaken by melting potassium steel operating procedure with 1.0t intermediate frequency furnace, and carry out appropriate rare earth Dy ions, to make casting crystalline grain refinement.
7th step, cast, knockout, water-tenacity treatment.Pouring temperature is 1550 DEG C, controls negative pressure value 0.015 ~ 0.025MPa when building in sandbox, after being poured, crossing 3 ~ 5min and removes vacuum.Because the poor thermal conductivity of potassium steel, easily produce ardent and cold cracking, therefore foundry goods be incubated in sandbox want fully, often cast be at night low power consumption time blow-on melting after cast finish, second day by the time dusk shake out again, sand removal.
Described water-tenacity treatment black furnace heats up 100 DEG C/h, and be warming up to 650 DEG C of insulation 1.0 ~ 2.0h and be warming up to 1050 DEG C of insulation about 1.0h again, be greater than 950 DEG C of shrends, the water temperature in pond keeps less than 40 DEG C.
Claims (6)
1. a lost foam casting potassium steel sieve plate technique, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
The first step, Bai Mo: consider that the casting technique of lost foam casting calculates amount of contraction by sieve plate drawing requirement, then, on white die cutter platform, EPS sheet material is cut with heating wire, be that slot size is pressed out one by one at hollow sheet steel pipe overall diameter, when white mould requirement is more, use mould to press out circular hole once or several times, make the white mould of sieve plate;
Second step, coating processed;
3rd step, module, white module string: the ingate of the white mould of sieve plate, one case 1900mm × 1600mm × 1600mm arranges 24, every part ingate is П shape, wide 10mm × long 40mm × high 20mm spacing 100mm, another ingate 10mm × 40mm × 20mm, horizontal ingate connects two ingates with 40mm × 40mm × 1800mm cross gate by 24, and upper end ingate is put on sprue in the middle of connecting and established cup, teeming, for equalization is solidified;
4th step, swabbing;
5th step, sand mold; During moulding, first bottom sandbox, spread the thick sand of 150mm, jolt ramming, shake smooth and strike off, then sieve plate string group is hung in sandbox, in putting, in knockout bucket, cloth-bag type evenly adds sand, limit vibrates, Bian Jiasha, stops adding sand during to molding sand from sandbox 10 ~ 20mm, end face paving plastic film, good with dry sand gland, place cup, to be poured;
6th step, melting;
7th step, cast, knockout, water-tenacity treatment.
2. lost foam casting potassium steel sieve plate technique according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described ESP panel density is at 0.016 ~ 0.025g/cm
3.
3. lost foam casting potassium steel sieve plate technique according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described swabbing, first the white mould of every part sieve plate is entered the oven dry of 45 ~ 55 DEG C, drying room dry, brush a coating by hand, especially will notice that each hole of sieve plate all wants even paint, then dry, brush second time again, then enter drying room oven dry; By sprue, cross gate, the bonding one-tenth of the white mould of ingate sieve plate one group of string, coat two times coating, fall after oven dry case.
4. lost foam casting potassium steel sieve plate technique according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described 7th step pouring temperature is 1400 ~ 1550 DEG C, controls negative pressure value 0.015 ~ 0.025MPa when building in sandbox, after being poured, crossing 3 ~ 5min and removes vacuum.
5. lost foam casting potassium steel sieve plate technique according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described water-tenacity treatment black furnace intensification 40 ~ 100 DEG C/h, be warming up to 650 DEG C of insulation 1.0 ~ 2.0h and be warming up to 1050 ~ 1100 DEG C of insulation about 1.0h again, be greater than 950 DEG C of shrends, the water temperature in pond keeps less than 40 DEG C.
6. lost foam casting potassium steel sieve plate technique according to claim 1, is characterized in that, adopt rubber type three-dimensional vibrating-compaction table, vibrating motor, frequency is 50Hz, and time of vibration is 60 ~ 90s, amplitude 0.3-0.5mm.
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Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN104907123A (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2015-09-16 | 芜湖银海机械制造有限公司 | Lining of conical crusher and casting process of lining |
CN104907124A (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2015-09-16 | 芜湖银海机械制造有限公司 | Tapered lining of conical crusher and casting process of tapered lining |
CN104928601A (en) * | 2015-05-27 | 2015-09-23 | 芜湖银海机械制造有限公司 | High-manganese-steel bush for crusher and manufacturing method thereof |
CN104988431A (en) * | 2015-05-27 | 2015-10-21 | 芜湖银海机械制造有限公司 | High manganese steel sieve plate for crusher and preparation method of sieve plate |
CN105964921A (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2016-09-28 | 烟台锐盛汽车模具有限公司 | Large casting lost-foam resin sand casting process |
CN107737873A (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2018-02-27 | 芜湖久弘重工股份有限公司 | A kind of cavityless casting method of Large Grinder Body |
CN109482817A (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-03-19 | 山东浩顺机械有限公司 | A method of outer support is manufactured using lost foam process |
CN109530612A (en) * | 2018-12-31 | 2019-03-29 | 兴化市剑达铸造有限公司 | A kind of lost foam casting process suitable for large and medium-sized product |
CN109570447A (en) * | 2018-12-31 | 2019-04-05 | 兴化市剑达铸造有限公司 | A kind of technique using lost foam casting large-diameter product |
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Cited By (9)
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CN104928601A (en) * | 2015-05-27 | 2015-09-23 | 芜湖银海机械制造有限公司 | High-manganese-steel bush for crusher and manufacturing method thereof |
CN104988431A (en) * | 2015-05-27 | 2015-10-21 | 芜湖银海机械制造有限公司 | High manganese steel sieve plate for crusher and preparation method of sieve plate |
CN104907123A (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2015-09-16 | 芜湖银海机械制造有限公司 | Lining of conical crusher and casting process of lining |
CN104907124A (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2015-09-16 | 芜湖银海机械制造有限公司 | Tapered lining of conical crusher and casting process of tapered lining |
CN105964921A (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2016-09-28 | 烟台锐盛汽车模具有限公司 | Large casting lost-foam resin sand casting process |
CN107737873A (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2018-02-27 | 芜湖久弘重工股份有限公司 | A kind of cavityless casting method of Large Grinder Body |
CN109482817A (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-03-19 | 山东浩顺机械有限公司 | A method of outer support is manufactured using lost foam process |
CN109530612A (en) * | 2018-12-31 | 2019-03-29 | 兴化市剑达铸造有限公司 | A kind of lost foam casting process suitable for large and medium-sized product |
CN109570447A (en) * | 2018-12-31 | 2019-04-05 | 兴化市剑达铸造有限公司 | A kind of technique using lost foam casting large-diameter product |
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Application publication date: 20150218 |