CN102051891A - Device and method for observing relative settlement of huge building foundation - Google Patents
Device and method for observing relative settlement of huge building foundation Download PDFInfo
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- CN102051891A CN102051891A CN 201110029507 CN201110029507A CN102051891A CN 102051891 A CN102051891 A CN 102051891A CN 201110029507 CN201110029507 CN 201110029507 CN 201110029507 A CN201110029507 A CN 201110029507A CN 102051891 A CN102051891 A CN 102051891A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method and device for observing settlement of a huge building foundation. The device comprises an embedded part, a conducting mechanism and a signal indicating mechanism, wherein the conducting mechanism comprises a telescopic rotating rod, a rotating shaft, a vertically arranged protective tube and a rigid connecting rod which is arranged in the protective tube, one end of the rigid connecting rod is fixedly connected to the embedded part embedded in a foundation and the other end is hinged to one end of the telescopic rotating rod, the telescopic rotating rod is vertical to the rotating haft and the other end of the telescopic rotating rod is fixed on the rotating shaft, the signal indicating mechanism comprises a laser indicator arranged on the radial direction of the rotating shaft and a corresponding projector screen; and a shaft seat of the conducting mechanism and the signal indicating mechanism are correspondingly arranged on a heavy load pile foundation bearing platform framework, deformation generated by the embedded part with the settlement of a pile foundation is transferred to the signal indicating mechanism through the conducting mechanism, and the settlement is displayed by the signal indicating mechanism or is calculated or reckoned by a display signal of the signal indicating mechanism. The invention has the advantages of vision of display, simplicity for operation and maintenance, reliable performance and capability of immediately and accurately detecting the settlement of the building by people.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to building engineering field, be specifically related to a kind of heavy construction basis relative settlement observation procedure and building foundation relative settlement observation device.
Background technology
Along with the development of industry with the civilian construction industry, various complexity and large-scale engineering works is increasing, the construction of engineering works has changed the original state in ground, and the ground for building has applied certain pressure, and this just will inevitably cause ground and the distortion on stratum on every side.For the normal application life that guarantees building and the safety of building, and for later observation maintenance and repairing construction provide reliable data and corresponding sedimentation parameter, the necessity of building settlement observation and importance are obvious further.Current specifications stipulates that also high-rise building, towering structure, important heritage buildings and continuous production equipment basis, power-equipment basis, landslide monitoring etc. all will carry out settlement observation.Especially in the high-story architecture construction process, use the monitoring of settlement observation intensifies process, instruct rational working procedure, differential settlement appears in prevention in work progress, timely feedback information, department provides detailed first-hand data for the prospective design construction, avoids causing enormous economic loss because of the sedimentation reason causes the destruction of constructure body structure or the crack of the structure function of use that exerts an influence.
In the past by setting up settlement observation point to observe, often destroyed because of variation, the observation point of reference point, do not have reasons such as the special messenger is responsible for, can not in time find the generation of sedimentation, after bringing huge life and property loss for production or life, just draw attention, pay through the nose to handle funeral affairs, and deal with very thorny.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention provide a kind of performance accurately and reliably, working service is simple and display mode is simple and clear settlement observer, the method that this device carries out building settlement observation of using also is provided.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of heavy construction basis relative settlement observation device, comprise built-in fitting, conduction mechanism, signal indicating mechanism, described conduction mechanism comprises telescopic bull stick, driving gear set and the pillar that vertically is provided with, the rigidity connecting rod, described driving gear set comprises intermeshing pinion, gear wheel and corresponding rotating shaft and axle bed thereof, described rigidity connecting rod freely is slidingly mounted in this pillar, the one end is fixedlyed connected with described built-in fitting, the other end then is movably hinged with an end of described telescopic bull stick, perpendicular and its other end of this telescopic bull stick and the corresponding rotating shaft of described pinion is fixed in this rotating shaft, described signal indicating mechanism comprises laser designator and projection screen corresponding with it, and this laser designator is installed in the radial position of described gear wheel correspondence.
The radius of described gear wheel is the integral multiple of pinion radius.
Another kind of heavy construction basis relative settlement observation device, comprise built-in fitting, conduction mechanism, signal indicating mechanism, described conduction mechanism comprises telescopic bull stick, travelling gear and corresponding rotating shaft and axle bed and the vertical pillar that is provided with, the rigidity connecting rod, described rigidity connecting rod freely is slidingly mounted in this pillar, the one end is fixedlyed connected with described built-in fitting, the other end then is movably hinged with an end of described telescopic bull stick, perpendicular and its other end of this telescopic bull stick and the corresponding rotating shaft of described travelling gear is fixed in this rotating shaft, described signal indicating mechanism comprises laser designator and projection screen corresponding with it, and this laser designator is installed in the radial position of described travelling gear correspondence.
Another heavy construction basis relative settlement observation device, comprise built-in fitting, conduction mechanism, signal indicating mechanism, described conduction mechanism comprises telescopic bull stick, rotating shaft and axle bed and the pillar that vertically is provided with, the rigidity connecting rod, described rigidity connecting rod freely is slidingly mounted in this pillar, the one end is fixedlyed connected with described built-in fitting, the other end then is movably hinged with an end of described telescopic bull stick, this telescopic bull stick and rotating shaft is perpendicular and its other end is fixed in this rotating shaft, described signal indicating mechanism comprises laser designator and projection screen corresponding with it, and this laser designator is installed in the radial position of described rotating shaft.
Above-mentioned heavy construction basis relative settlement observation device also can be provided with signal of telecommunication processes and displays mechanism, it comprises potentiometer, AD conversion unit, arithmetic element, D/A conversion unit, the data transmission/display unit that connects successively, described potentiometer is installed described rotating shaft one end, is used to gather the settling amount data.
Described projection screen subscript is shown with scale.
A kind of method of utilizing above-mentioned heavy construction basis relative settlement observation device to carry out the relative settlement observation of heavy construction basis may further comprise the steps:
(1) at the settlement observation point of laying nearby every 2～3 pile base positions;
(2) later stage of foundation construction, beat cushion cap before, the pre-buried underloading that is fixed in the construction work of the built-in fitting in the above-mentioned settlement observer is rammed in the base;
(3) bury the pillar on vertical connection ground underground directly over built-in fitting, described rigidity connecting rod is installed in the pillar, the axle bed of described conduction mechanism and signal indicating mechanism are accordingly nearby " be installed on the heavy load pile foundation support table framework;
(4) described built-in fitting rams the base sinking with underloading, and the sedimentation variable that is produced with respect near heavily loaded pile foundation support table framework passes to signal indicating mechanism through conduction mechanism, shows settling amount by it, is perhaps shown calculated signals or is extrapolated corresponding settling amount by it.
The present invention has actively useful effect:
1. can make people detect the settling amount of building in time, accurately, its dependable performance, working service is simple;
2. the settling amount display mode is simple and clear, and the observation method of operating is simple;
3. by different distortion, can realize the measurement that heavy construction sedimentation, the sedimentation of embankment lateral bending, massif slide respectively, after adding signal of telecommunication processes and displays mechanism, can regularly finish packing, storage, the transmission of file, can make the professional for a long time the settling amount of these tested civil engineerings be carried out promptly and accurately detection.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of large-scale construction engineering settlement observer;
Fig. 2 is a kind of vertical view of large-scale construction engineering settlement observer;
Fig. 3 is the vertical view of another kind of large-scale construction engineering settlement observer;
Fig. 4 is a kind of signal of telecommunication handling principle block diagram of large-scale construction engineering settlement observer.
1 is built-in fitting among the figure, and 2 is the rigidity connecting rod, and 3 is pillar, and 4 is telescopic bull stick, and 5 is pinion, and 6 is gear wheel, and 7 is laser pen, and 8 is projection screen, and 9,13,14,15 are rotating shaft, and 10 is potentiometer, and 11,12 is axle bed.
The specific embodiment
1 one kinds of heavy construction bases of embodiment relative settlement observation device, referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 4, comprise built-in fitting 1, conduction mechanism, signal indicating mechanism, signal of telecommunication processes and displays mechanism, described conduction mechanism comprises telescopic bull stick 4, driving gear set and the pillar (Φ 200mm steel pipe) 3 that vertically is provided with, rigidity connecting rod (Φ 50mm rigidity round bar) 2, driving gear set comprises intermeshing pinion 5, gear wheel 6 and corresponding rotating shaft 14 thereof, 9 with axle bed 12,11, rigidity connecting rod 2 freely is slidingly mounted in the pillar 3, the one end is fixedlyed connected with built-in fitting 1, the other end then is movably hinged with an end of telescopic bull stick 4, perpendicular and its other end of the corresponding rotating shaft of telescopic bull stick 4 and pinion 5 14 is fixed in this rotating shaft 14, signal indicating mechanism comprises laser pen 7 and projection screen corresponding with it 8, and this laser pen 7 is installed in the radial position of gear wheel 6 correspondences.The power control switch of laser pen 7 on the housing face-plate of this device, when the inspection personnel behind the locality, Push switch just can be seen hot spot on projection screen 8, hot spot downwards or left, what all reflect to the right is the direction of foundation settlement; Signal of telecommunication processes and displays mechanism comprises potentiometer 10, AD conversion unit, arithmetic element, D/A conversion unit, the data transmission/display unit that connects successively, and potentiometer 10 is installed described rotating shaft one end, is used to gather the settling amount data.Can become 0～5V or 4～20mA point signal to the sedimentation signal through analog to digital conversion by above-said current signal processes and displays mechanism, be transformed into data signal, calculate, through digital to analog conversion, show on computers or store by cable or optical fiber through computer; Also can become data signal on the mobile phone that mobile phone signal sends to appointment.
A kind of method of utilizing above-mentioned settlement observer to carry out the relative settlement observation of heavy construction basis is as follows:
(1) laying settlement observation point nearby every 2～3 pile base positions;
(2) later stage of foundation construction, beat cushion cap before, near the pre-buried underloading that is fixed on the selected observation point present position of step of the built-in fitting 1 of above-mentioned settlement observer is rammed in the earth foundation;
(3) directly over built-in fitting, bury the pillar on vertical connection ground underground, rigidity connecting rod 2 is installed, in the middle of the construction in the pillar, should set upright, can not tilt, otherwise can influence the measurement of true sedimentation, near the axle bed of conduction mechanism and signal indicating mechanism are installed on accordingly on the heavily loaded pile foundation support table framework;
(4) built-in fitting 1 rams the base sinking with ramming base with underloading, and the deformation quantity that is produced with respect near heavily loaded pile foundation support table framework passes to signal indicating mechanism through conduction mechanism, shows settling amount by it, is perhaps shown calculated signals or is calculated settling amount by it.
Indicate some concentric circles scales on the projection screen 8, the radius of these circles is proportional, installs to the length of the telescopic bull stick in the device by debugging, can demarcate the unit of the radius of these circles, just can know concrete settling amount.Concrete calibrated and calculated method is as follows:
(1) do not take place under the situation of sedimentation, the connecting rod n of conduction device and the light source m of laser image forming apparatus on same axis, hot spot on the mid point of screen, the distance h=0mm of the hot spot heart placed in the middle;
(2) when sedimentation reaches L (not being 0), settling amount L, connecting rod raw footage n and connecting rod physical length n
,Just constitute a big right-angled triangle, angle α=arctan (L/n) between connecting rod original position and the physical location, the girth of pinion is half of gear wheel, and the angle that gear wheel rotates is α/2, hot spot apart from screen center apart from former apart from the gear wheel center of l and screen apart from M, actual range m
,Just constitute a little right-angled triangle; Geometrical relationship: l=M * tan (α/2) is arranged in the little triangle.
L in the formula: hot spot is apart from the distance of screen mid point; N: length of connecting rod; M: the distance of gear wheel center to center distance screen; n
,: after sedimentation takes place, the length after connecting rod is elongated by reality.
(3) Practical Calculation: the long 600mm of connecting rod n, hot spot is 10mm apart from orifice plate apart from M, when then foundation settlement L is 200mm, can draw on the screen hot spot apart from the distance of mid point.
With data substitution formula: α=arctan (L/n)=arctan (200/600)=18.4 °;
Get l=M * tan (α/2)=10 * tan (18.4/2)=1.62mm.
In debug phase or fabrication stage, as far as possible each distance is adjusted to the relation of ratio of integers conveniently to measure and to read.The calculating of side direction sedimentation deformation, the same with the vertical sedimentation displacement.
Because it is limited being subjected to the length of variable connecting rod, this has limited the measurement category of settlement measurement, can choose different variable length of connecting rods according to the difference of each project, the maximum length of variable connecting rod has very big relation with the ratio of minimum length and the measurement category of settlement measurement.Ratio is big more, and the scope of measurement is big more, and ratio is more little, and the scope of measurement is more little.
2 one kinds of heavy construction bases of embodiment relative settlement observation device, referring to Fig. 3, Fig. 4, comprise built-in fitting 1, conduction mechanism, signal indicating mechanism, signal of telecommunication processes and displays mechanism, conduction mechanism comprises telescopic bull stick 4, rotating shaft 13 and axle bed 15 and the pillar 3 that vertically is provided with, rigidity connecting rod 2, rigidity connecting rod 2 freely is slidingly mounted in the pillar 3, the one end is fixedlyed connected with built-in fitting 1, the other end then is movably hinged with an end of telescopic bull stick 4, perpendicular and its other end of this telescopic bull stick 4 and rotating shaft 13 is fixed in this rotating shaft 13, described signal indicating mechanism comprises laser pen 7 and projection screen corresponding with it 8, and this laser pen 7 is installed in the radial position of rotating shaft 13.Signal of telecommunication processes and displays mechanism comprises potentiometer 10, AD conversion unit, arithmetic element, AD conversion unit, the data transmission/display unit that connects successively, and potentiometer 10 is installed described rotating shaft one end, is used to gather the settling amount data.
3 one kinds of heavy construction bases of embodiment relative settlement observation device, substantially the same manner as Example 2, difference is: conduction mechanism comprises and also comprises a travelling gear that is installed in the described rotating shaft 15, and laser pen 7 is installed in the radial position of travelling gear.
Claims (7)
1. heavy construction basis relative settlement observation device, comprise built-in fitting, conduction mechanism, signal indicating mechanism, it is characterized in that, described conduction mechanism comprises telescopic bull stick, driving gear set and the pillar that vertically is provided with, the rigidity connecting rod, described driving gear set comprises intermeshing pinion, gear wheel and corresponding rotating shaft and axle bed thereof, described rigidity connecting rod freely is slidingly mounted in this pillar, the one end is fixedlyed connected with described built-in fitting, the other end then is movably hinged with an end of described telescopic bull stick, perpendicular and its other end of this telescopic bull stick and the corresponding rotating shaft of described pinion is fixed in this rotating shaft, described signal indicating mechanism comprises laser designator and projection screen corresponding with it, and this laser designator is installed in the radial position of described gear wheel correspondence.
2. according to the described heavy construction of claim 1 basis relative settlement observation device, it is characterized in that the radius of described gear wheel is the integral multiple of pinion radius.
3. heavy construction basis relative settlement observation device, comprise built-in fitting, conduction mechanism, signal indicating mechanism, it is characterized in that, described conduction mechanism comprises telescopic bull stick, travelling gear and corresponding rotating shaft and axle bed and the vertical pillar that is provided with, the rigidity connecting rod, described rigidity connecting rod freely is slidingly mounted in this pillar, the one end is fixedlyed connected with described built-in fitting, the other end then is movably hinged with an end of described telescopic bull stick, perpendicular and its other end of this telescopic bull stick and the corresponding rotating shaft of described travelling gear is fixed in this rotating shaft, described signal indicating mechanism comprises laser designator and projection screen corresponding with it, and this laser designator is installed in the radial position of described travelling gear correspondence.
4. heavy construction basis relative settlement observation device, comprise built-in fitting, conduction mechanism, signal indicating mechanism, it is characterized in that, described conduction mechanism comprises telescopic bull stick, rotating shaft, axle bed and the pillar that vertically is provided with, the rigidity connecting rod, described rigidity connecting rod freely is slidingly mounted in this pillar, the one end is fixedlyed connected with described built-in fitting, the other end then is movably hinged with an end of described telescopic bull stick, this telescopic bull stick and rotating shaft is perpendicular and its other end is fixed in this rotating shaft, described signal indicating mechanism comprises laser designator and projection screen corresponding with it, and this laser designator is installed in the radial position of described rotating shaft.
5. according to claim 1,3 or 4 described heavy construction basis relative settlement observation devices, it is characterized in that, described settlement observer also is provided with signal of telecommunication processes and displays mechanism, it comprises potentiometer, AD conversion unit, arithmetic element, D/A conversion unit, the data transmission/display unit that connects successively, described potentiometer is installed described rotating shaft one end, is used to gather the settling amount data.
6. according to claim 1,3 or 4 described heavy construction basis relative settlement observation devices, it is characterized in that described projection screen subscript is shown with scale.
7. one kind is utilized claim 1,3 or 4 described heavy construction basis relative settlement observation devices to carry out the method that heavy construction basis relative settlement is observed, and may further comprise the steps:
(1) laying settlement observation point nearby every 2～3 pile base positions;
(2) later stage of foundation construction, beat cushion cap before, be fixed near the rammer earth foundation of the step selected pile foundation the built-in fitting in claim 1 or the 3 described settlement observers is pre-buried;
(3) bury the pillar on vertical connection ground underground directly over built-in fitting, described rigidity connecting rod is installed in the pillar, the axle bed of described conduction mechanism and signal indicating mechanism are installed on the heavy load pile foundation support table framework accordingly;
(4) described built-in fitting sinks with ramming base, and the sedimentation variable that is produced with respect near heavily loaded pile foundation support table framework passes to signal indicating mechanism through conduction mechanism, shows settling amount by it, is perhaps shown calculated signals or is extrapolated corresponding settling amount by it.
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| CN2011100295076A CN102051891B (en) | 2011-01-27 | 2011-01-27 | Device and method for observing relative settlement of huge building foundation |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2011100295076A CN102051891B (en) | 2011-01-27 | 2011-01-27 | Device and method for observing relative settlement of huge building foundation |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103953080A (en) * | 2014-05-20 | 2014-07-30 | 天津水运工程勘察设计院 | Monitoring method of breakwater foundation settlement |
| CN104296668A (en) * | 2014-09-25 | 2015-01-21 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for external measurement of settlement of foundation of storage tank |
| CN106767356A (en) * | 2016-12-20 | 2017-05-31 | 中铁大桥局集团第四工程有限公司 | Suitable for the device and measurement method of planeness of pile foundation hole bottom flatness detection |
| CN107059867A (en) * | 2017-04-05 | 2017-08-18 | 中国二十冶集团有限公司 | A kind of Driven Piles stop hammering control method into shape |
| CN110306608A (en) * | 2019-06-19 | 2019-10-08 | 武汉中科岩土工程有限责任公司 | Overhead section of pile foundation settlement monitoring device of subway and monitoring method |
| CN115655214A (en) * | 2022-12-26 | 2023-01-31 | 山东省国土空间生态修复中心 | Ground settlement measuring device for exploration and using method |
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| JP2011007667A (en) * | 2009-06-26 | 2011-01-13 | System Keisoku Kk | Displacement measuring device |
| CN201935686U (en) * | 2011-01-27 | 2011-08-17 | 王红卫 | Relative-settlement observation device for large building foundation |
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| CN100588897C (en) * | 2008-09-24 | 2010-02-10 | 北京交通大学 | Apparatus and method for measuring road bed sedimentation from long distance by laser |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103953080A (en) * | 2014-05-20 | 2014-07-30 | 天津水运工程勘察设计院 | Monitoring method of breakwater foundation settlement |
| CN103953080B (en) * | 2014-05-20 | 2015-11-18 | 天津水运工程勘察设计院 | A kind of monitoring method of mole foundation settlement |
| CN104296668A (en) * | 2014-09-25 | 2015-01-21 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for external measurement of settlement of foundation of storage tank |
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| CN106767356A (en) * | 2016-12-20 | 2017-05-31 | 中铁大桥局集团第四工程有限公司 | Suitable for the device and measurement method of planeness of pile foundation hole bottom flatness detection |
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| CN107059867A (en) * | 2017-04-05 | 2017-08-18 | 中国二十冶集团有限公司 | A kind of Driven Piles stop hammering control method into shape |
| CN107059867B (en) * | 2017-04-05 | 2019-11-12 | 中国二十冶集团有限公司 | A kind of Driven Piles stop hammering control method into shape |
| CN110306608A (en) * | 2019-06-19 | 2019-10-08 | 武汉中科岩土工程有限责任公司 | Overhead section of pile foundation settlement monitoring device of subway and monitoring method |
| CN115655214A (en) * | 2022-12-26 | 2023-01-31 | 山东省国土空间生态修复中心 | Ground settlement measuring device for exploration and using method |
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