CN102041444A - Low-carbon low-silicon high-quality carbon structural steel and production method thereof - Google Patents
Low-carbon low-silicon high-quality carbon structural steel and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a low-carbon low-silicon high-quality carbon structural steel and a production method thereof. The structural steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: less than or equal to 0.06% of C, less than or equal to 0.03% of Si, 0.35-0.50% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.018% of P, less than or equal to 0.012% of S, 0.005-0.025% of Als, and the balance of Fe and residual elements. The production method disclosed by the invention comprises the following steps: KR (knotted reactor) hot metal pretreatment of high-quality hot metal, processing with a top-bottom combined blowing converter, pre-deoxidization of molten steel, alloying of molten steel, final deoxidization process of molten steel, argon blowing process, continuous casting and casting blank stack cooling. In order to ensure the high quality of molten steel smelted with converter, the good quality of raw and auxiliary materials used in the converter smelting process must be guaranteed, wherein the raw and auxiliary materials include hot metal, waste steel, lime, light-burnt magnesium ball, ore, alloy, deoxidizer, aluminum wire, refining slag, calcium carbide, fluorite and covering agent. The invention has the advantages of simple process, strong adaptability and relatively low cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the production of steel, be specifically related to a kind of low carbon low silicon carbon constructional quality steel and production method thereof.
Background technology
Carbon constructional quality steel, its principal feature are that C in the steel, Si content are ultralow; The use of carbon constructional quality steel material is more extensive, and along with the continuous increase of market demand, its turnout also constantly increases.Because the particular requirement of steel chemical ingredients, in process of production, in order to guarantee the specification of quality of final molten steel, most of enterprise takes the LF refining in process of production, but in refining process, the purified reducing atmosphere, cause the Si in the slag to be reduced, like this, the Si content in the molten steel will exceed standard-required, finally causes smelting failure.In some advanced iron and steel enterprises, in order to smelt this steel grade, mainly take the RH refining treatment, though reached standard-required at last, production cost but increases considerably.In addition, RH refining unit costliness is not rising of can both bearing of general iron and steel enterprise.
Summary of the invention
The present invention optimizes with regard to the method for smelting this steel grade, only adopt converter smelting just can reach standard-required, and smelting process is simple, and steel quality is good.For this reason, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of low carbon low silicon carbon constructional quality steel and production method thereof.
For achieving the above object, the chemical ingredients of low carbon low silicon carbon constructional quality steel of the present invention be (unit, wt%): C :≤0.06, Si :≤0.03, Mn:0.35～0.50, P :≤0.018, S :≤0.012, Als:0.005～0.025, other is Fe and relict element.
For obtaining the said structure steel, the production method that the present invention adopts may further comprise the steps: KR hot metal pretreatment, top and bottom combined blown converter, liquid steel pre-deoxidizing, molten steel alloying, the processing of molten steel final deoxygenation, Argon processing, continuous casting, strand cooling in heap; Wherein in KR hot metal pretreatment step, the molten iron that arrives at a station must be taken off preceding slag and take off the back slag, guarantee liquid level thickness of slag layer≤20mm, molten iron guarantees molten iron S≤0.003% after the KR stirring desulphurization, guarantee desulfurization cycle≤21min, desulfurization temperature drop≤20 ℃, assurance is taken off the S end temp and is controlled at and must adds an amount of carbonization rice husk when leaving from station more than 1290 ℃ molten iron is incubated, and molten iron Si content is controlled between 0.30～0.60%, and P content must not be greater than 0.080%; In the converter smelting step, 50%～70% Ying Zaikai that steel scrap must all adopt high-quality steel scrap, lime to add total amount blows in the 4min and adds, and all the other lime short run in batches add; Guarantee that MgO is 8%～12% in the slag, finishing slag basicity R is (2.8～3.5); The smelting middle and later periods occurs returning dried, add the fluorite slag, but add-on is not more than the 400Kg/ stove; Process rifle position is 1.5m～2.0m; Changing slag rifle position is 1.8m～2.0m; Catch carbon rifle position is 1.5m, and the catch carbon time should be no less than 2min, and point blows number of times and is not more than twice, and the some time of blowing is not more than 2min; Tapping temperature is controlled between 1650～1670 ℃; Molten steel terminal point C content is controlled at below 0.04%, and P content is controlled at below 0.012%, and S content is controlled at below 0.010%; Tapping adopts floating plug to carry out pushing off the slag early stage, and the later stage adopts slag stop cone to carry out pushing off the slag; Must guarantee that molten steel is pure, stop down slag; Molten steel adopts aluminum shot, aluminium ingot or aluminium cake to carry out pre-deoxidation in tapping process, and ton steel add-on is controlled according to 1.2-1.5Kg; Alloy uses the manganese metal iron alloy, and add-on ton steel is controlled at 3.4-4.0Kg; Molten steel adds ladle refining slag 150～200Kg/ stove, lime 50Kg/ stove according to argon station working rule behind the argon station, add the back and transfer big argon gas amount to guarantee strong argon blowing time 〉=6min; Treat that turning the argon gas amount down behind the strong Argon 6min carries out the soft blow argon, the soft blow argon time must be guaranteed 〉=6min, be gone up the steel temperature requirement to satisfy; Molten steel temperature leaving from station is controlled at 1580～1595 ℃; In the continuous casting process, necessarily carry out process protection cast, the diligent thermometric of middle bag, the continuous casting pulling rate is controlled according to 0.7m/min, the specific water: 0.60L/ ㎏.
Good in order to guarantee the converter smelting steel quality, must guarantee in the converter steelmaking process that employed raw and auxiliary material quality is good, wherein raw and auxiliary material comprises molten iron, steel scrap, lime, calcined magnesite ball, ore, alloy, reductor, aluminum steel, refining slag, calcium carbide, fluorite, insulating covering agent.This invents, and not only technology is simple, and adaptability is strong, and cost is also lower.
Embodiment
The chemical ingredients of low carbon low silicon carbon constructional quality steel of the present invention be (unit, wt%): C :≤0.06, Si :≤0.03, Mn:0.35～0.50, P :≤0.018, S :≤0.012, Als:0.010～0.025, other is Fe and relict element.
The production method that the present invention adopts may further comprise the steps: high-quality molten iron, KR hot metal pretreatment, top and bottom combined blown converter, liquid steel pre-deoxidizing, molten steel alloying, the processing of molten steel final deoxygenation, Argon processing, continuous casting, strand cooling in heap; Wherein in KR hot metal pretreatment step, the molten iron that arrives at a station must be taken off preceding slag and take off the back slag, guarantee liquid level thickness of slag layer≤20mm, molten iron guarantees molten iron S≤0.003% after the KR stirring desulphurization, guarantee desulfurization cycle≤21min, desulfurization temperature drop≤20 ℃, assurance is taken off the S end temp and is controlled at and must adds an amount of carbonization rice husk when leaving from station more than 1290 ℃ molten iron is incubated, and molten iron Si content is controlled between 0.30～0.60%, and P content must not be greater than 0.080%; In the converter smelting step, 50%～70% Ying Zaikai that steel scrap must all adopt high-quality steel scrap, lime to add total amount blows in the 4min and adds, and all the other lime short run in batches add; Guarantee that MgO is 8%～12% in the slag, finishing slag basicity R is (2.8～3.5); The smelting middle and later periods occurs returning dried, add the fluorite slag, but add-on is not more than the 400Kg/ stove; Process rifle position is 1.5m～2.0m; Changing slag rifle position is 1.8m～2.0m; Catch carbon rifle position is 1.5m, and the catch carbon time should be no less than 2min, and point blows number of times and is not more than twice, and the some time of blowing is not more than 2min; Tapping temperature is controlled between 1650～1670 ℃; Molten steel terminal point C content is controlled at below 0.04%, and P content is controlled at below 0.012%, and S content is controlled at below 0.010%; Tapping adopts floating plug to carry out pushing off the slag early stage, and the later stage adopts slag stop cone to carry out pushing off the slag; Must guarantee that molten steel is pure, stop down slag; Molten steel adopts aluminum shot, aluminium ingot or aluminium cake to carry out pre-deoxidation in tapping process, and ton steel add-on is controlled according to 1.2-1.5Kg; Alloy uses the manganese metal iron alloy, and add-on ton steel is controlled at 3.4-4.0Kg; Molten steel adds ladle refining slag 150～200Kg/ stove, lime 50Kg/ stove according to argon station working rule behind the argon station, add the back and transfer big argon gas amount to guarantee strong argon blowing time 〉=6min; Treat that turning the argon gas amount down behind the strong Argon 6min carries out the soft blow argon, the soft blow argon time must be guaranteed 〉=6min, be gone up the steel temperature requirement to satisfy; Molten steel temperature leaving from station is controlled at 1580～1595 ℃; In the continuous casting process, necessarily carry out process protection cast, the diligent thermometric of middle bag, the continuous casting pulling rate is controlled according to 0.7m/min, the specific water: 0.60L/ ㎏.
1, operational path
The present invention adopts 250mm*1600mm continuous casting section to produce, and its main technique route is: high-quality molten iron → KR hot metal pretreatment → 100 ton top and bottom combined blown converter → liquid steel pre-deoxidizing → molten steel alloying → molten steel final deoxygenation processing → Argon processing → continuous casting → 24 hours → walking beam furnace of strand cooling in heap → 3800m milling train → 11 rollers thermal straightening machine → steel plate cooling in heap → finishing → detection → warehouse-in.
2, molten iron requirement
The KR hot metal pretreatment technology: the molten iron that arrives at a station must be taken off preceding slag and take off the back slag, guarantee liquid level thickness of slag layer≤20mm, molten iron guarantees molten iron S≤0.003% after the KR stirring desulphurization, guarantee desulfurization cycle≤21min, desulfurization temperature drop≤20 ℃, guarantee to take off the S end temp and be controlled at and add an amount of carbonization rice husk when leaving from station more than 1290 ℃ molten iron is incubated;
Molten iron Si content is controlled between the 0.30-0.60%, and P content must not be greater than 0.080%.
3, converter smelting
Steel scrap requires: steel scrap must all adopt scrap stock, and guarantees scrap stock length in 1.2m, and the dry oil free dirt.In the middle of the process of splendid attire steel scrap, must guarantee that steel scrap packs in order, stop to cause adding the phenomenon of difficulty because of steel scrap intermeshes.
Intake Quantity requires: carry out the steel scrap proportioning in strict accordance with steel scrap proportioning model, Intake Quantity is controlled within 100 ± 1t;
Slag making requires: lime adding amount adds model in strict accordance with Chinese smelting company lime and adds; Change slag operation and require the initial stage slag early to change, process scorification is good, and finishing slagization is glued thoroughly; 50%～70% Ying Zaikai that lime adds total amount blows adding in the 4min, and all the other lime short run in batches add; Calcined magnesite ball Ying Zaikai blows in the 4min and adds, and guarantees that MgO is 8%～12% in the slag, and finishing slag basicity R is (2.8～3.5); Return mine, the abrasive grit add-on is not more than 1.0t/ and criticizes, single stove add-on must not surpass 4t; The smelting middle and later periods occurs returning dried, can add the fluorite slag, but add-on is not more than the 400Kg/ stove.
Process rifle position requires: the principle of rifle position control is not splash in the converting process, and it is good to change slag, and decarburization fast evenly heats up the molten bath; Rationally adjust the rifle position according to the height of changing slag situation and temperature in the smelting process, blow and blow deeply but must not hang, be strictly on guard against to return at slag the metal splash takes place dry spell, process rifle position is 1.5m～2.0m; Changing slag rifle position is 1.8m～2.0m; Catch carbon rifle position is 1.5m, and the catch carbon time should be no less than 2min.Point blows number of times and is not more than twice, and the some time of blowing is not more than 2min;
Bottom blowing requires: bottom blown gas is argon gas and nitrogen, purity requirement 〉=99.99%; Bottom blown gas work total pressure 1.2Mpa, air supply intensity is 0.005Nm
3/ tmin～0.019Nm
3/ tmin; Must follow nitrogen argon switching principle in the smelting process, promptly preceding 5min is for nitrogen, and the later stage then is for argon gas.
Terminal point control: tapping temperature is controlled between 1650～1670 ℃; Molten steel terminal point C content is controlled at below 0.04%, and P content is controlled at below 0.012%, and S content is controlled at below 0.010%; Guaranteeing that liquid steel temperature and composition coordinate tapping,, blow over Cheng Zhongke at point and suitably add cooling agent and transfer if the terminal point composition is improper;
Tapping process control: tapping adopts floating plug to carry out pushing off the slag early stage, and the later stage adopts slag stop cone to carry out pushing off the slag; Must guarantee that molten steel is pure, stop down slag;
Deoxidation of molten steel alloying control: alloy and reductor must scrutinies before using, and guarantee the dry oil free dirt; Molten steel adopts aluminum shot, aluminium ingot or aluminium cake to carry out pre-deoxidation in tapping process, and ton steel add-on is controlled according to 1.2～1.5Kg; Alloy uses the manganese metal iron alloy, and add-on ton steel is controlled at 3.4～4.0Kg
Argon station Argon and little refining require: molten steel adds ladle refining slag 150～200Kg/ stove (the 2# stove takes off line, the 3# stove is got and reached the standard grade), lime 50Kg/ stove according to argon station working rule behind the argon station, adds the back big argon gas amount of accent and guarantees that the strong Argon standard of strong argon blowing time 〉=6min(is controlled at 400～600mm and is as the criterion to blow molten steel bore hole diameter summation open); Treat to turn down behind the strong Argon 6min argon gas amount and carry out soft blow argon (soft blow argon standard is controlled at 200～400mm and is as the criterion to blow molten steel bore hole diameter summation open), the soft blow argon time must be guaranteed 〉=6min, be gone up the steel temperature requirement to satisfy;
Process temperature control: the molten steel temperature of arriving at a station is controlled between 1610～1625 ℃, and molten steel temperature leaving from station is controlled at 1580～1595 ℃.
4, continuous casting
Continuously cast bloom takes 250mm * 1600mm section to produce, in the continuous casting process, for avoiding secondary oxidation of steel; necessarily carry out process protection cast, the diligent thermometric of middle bag, the continuous casting pulling rate is controlled according to 0.7m/min; the specific water: 0.60L/ ㎏, the covering slag model is taked 1#-3A.After the continuously cast bloom cutting, carry out cooling in heap in strict accordance with strand cooling in heap standard and deliver to steel rolling after 24 hours and be rolled.
5, heating
Heating temperature and heat-up time are as follows: 900～1000 ℃ of preheating section temperature, 1200～1250 ℃ of heating zone temperature, 1190～1220 ℃ of holding-zone temperature, rate of heating 10～13min/cm.
6, cooling controlling and rolling controlling process
The fs start rolling temperature is controlled between 1000～1200 ℃, and it is rolling to adopt high temperature low speed to depress greatly, and reduction in pass is not less than 30mm; When temperature is not less than 1000 ℃, stop rolling the steel that dries in the air, the steel thickness that dries in the air is 2.5～3 times of finished product thickness; When rolled piece temperature during less than 880 ℃, the beginning subordinate phase is rolling, two-stage accumulative total deformation rate 〉=60%, and finishing temperature is controlled at 800～860 ℃; The rolling back that finishes adopts the ACC control cold, and final cooling temperature is controlled between 650～700 ℃, is sent to the straightener aligning then.
7, cooling in heap technology
In order to improve the steel plate inspection defective, after rolling off the production line, steel plate must carry out stacking slow cooling; The stacking slow cooling temperature is not less than 400 ℃, and the cooling in heap time was controlled at 24 hours;
8, interpretation of result
8.1 melting chemical composition analysis
Composition and mechanical mechanics property are pressed SAE-J403 and are carried out, and specifically see Table 1.
Table 1 SAE1006 melting chemical composition standard
This has produced 9 stoves as a trial, middle bag melting chemical composition internal control rate 100%, and conformance with standard is closed requirement of client fully.
The requirement that all can satisfy standard is detected on the result of detection of steel plate and surface, and examining the certified products qualification rate outward is 100%, and flaw detection certified products qualification rate is 100%, and the one-level of wherein detecting a flaw qualification rate is a qualification rate 100% more than 85%, three grade.
The result shows that this development approach not only optimized technical process, and also can fully guarantee the overall quality of steel plate, satisfies the demand of producing.
Claims (2)
1. low carbon low silicon carbon constructional quality steel, the chemical ingredients of this structure iron be (unit, wt%): C :≤0.06, Si :≤0.03, Mn:0.35～0.50, P :≤0.018, S :≤0.012, Als:0.010～0.025, other is Fe and relict element.
2. production method of low carbon low silicon carbon constructional quality steel according to claim 1, this may further comprise the steps: high-quality molten iron, KR hot metal pretreatment, top and bottom combined blown converter, liquid steel pre-deoxidizing, molten steel alloying, the processing of molten steel final deoxygenation, Argon processing, continuous casting, strand cooling in heap; It is characterized in that wherein in KR hot metal pretreatment step, the molten iron that arrives at a station must be taken off preceding slag and take off the back slag, guarantee liquid level thickness of slag layer≤20mm, molten iron guarantees molten iron S≤0.003% after the KR stirring desulphurization, guarantee desulfurization cycle≤21min, desulfurization temperature drop≤20 ℃, assurance is taken off the S end temp and is controlled at and must adds an amount of carbonization rice husk when leaving from station more than 1290 ℃ molten iron is incubated, and molten iron Si content is controlled between 0.30～0.60%, and P content must not be greater than 0.080%; In the converter smelting step, 50%～70% Ying Zaikai that steel scrap must all adopt high-quality steel scrap, lime to add total amount blows in the 4min and adds, and all the other lime short run in batches add; Guarantee that MgO is 8%～12% in the slag, finishing slag basicity R is (2.8～3.5); The smelting middle and later periods occurs returning dried, add the fluorite slag, but add-on is not more than the 400Kg/ stove; Process rifle position is 1.5m～2.0m; Changing slag rifle position is 1.8m～2.0m; Catch carbon rifle position is 1.5m, and the catch carbon time should be no less than 2min, and point blows number of times and is not more than twice, and the some time of blowing is not more than 2min; Tapping temperature is controlled between 1650～1670 ℃; Molten steel terminal point C content is controlled at below 0.04%, and P content is controlled at below 0.012%, and S content is controlled at below 0.010%; Tapping adopts floating plug to carry out pushing off the slag early stage, and the later stage adopts slag stop cone to carry out pushing off the slag; Must guarantee that molten steel is pure, stop down slag; Molten steel adopts aluminum shot, aluminium ingot or aluminium cake to carry out pre-deoxidation in tapping process, and ton steel add-on is controlled according to 1.2～1.5Kg; Alloy uses the manganese metal iron alloy, add-on ton steel control 3.4～4.0Kg Kg; Molten steel adds ladle refining slag 150～200Kg/ stove, lime 50Kg/ stove according to argon station working rule behind the argon station, add the back and transfer big argon gas amount to guarantee strong argon blowing time 〉=6min; Treat that turning the argon gas amount down behind the strong Argon 6min carries out the soft blow argon, the soft blow argon time must be guaranteed 〉=6min, be gone up the steel temperature requirement to satisfy; Molten steel temperature leaving from station is controlled at 1580～1595 ℃; In the continuous casting process, necessarily carry out process protection cast, the diligent thermometric of middle bag, the continuous casting pulling rate is controlled according to 0.7m/min, the specific water: 0.60L/ ㎏.
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