CN115161434A - Production method of low alloy steel and low alloy steel - Google Patents
Production method of low alloy steel and low alloy steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN115161434A CN115161434A CN202210708935.XA CN202210708935A CN115161434A CN 115161434 A CN115161434 A CN 115161434A CN 202210708935 A CN202210708935 A CN 202210708935A CN 115161434 A CN115161434 A CN 115161434A
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- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 46
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 31
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
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- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 20
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- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 11
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- 230000003009 desulfurizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 abstract description 25
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- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 9
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- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
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- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002696 manganese Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/06—Deoxidising, e.g. killing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0006—Adding metallic additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0025—Adding carbon material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C33/06—Making ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
Abstract
The application belongs to the technical field of steel smelting, and particularly relates to a production method of low-alloy steel and the low-alloy steel. The method comprises the following steps: smelting molten iron in a converter to obtain converter molten steel, wherein deoxidizing agents with corresponding weights and types are added according to the oxygen content of the converter molten steel for pre-deoxidation treatment; deoxidizing and alloying the converter molten steel to obtain molten steel to be cast; and continuously casting the molten steel to be cast to obtain the low-alloy billet. The common LF refining process in the existing low alloy steel is cancelled, and the production method for smelting the low alloy steel by a converter direct-upward continuous casting mode avoids the phenomena of long production flow, complexity and high cost; by accurately controlling the pre-deoxidation treatment process, the use amount of the deoxidizer is reduced, the deoxidizer is saved, and the cost generated by deoxidation is reduced; realizes accurate control, avoids the regulation of components at the later stage, reduces the smelting steps and shortens the smelting period.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of steel smelting, and particularly relates to a production method of low-alloy steel and the low-alloy steel.
Background
With the rapid development of the domestic steel industry, the requirements of users on high-end products of steel mills are higher and higher when the domestic steel industry faces serious excess capacity, and the efficient and low-cost production of high-quality steel becomes a powerful way for seeking development of steel enterprises.
In order to ensure that the sulfur content in the molten steel of the low alloy steel is within 0.010 percent, the production flow is long and complicated, and the production cost is high. At present, the domestic smelting of low alloy steel generally adopts the following process flows: KR molten iron desulfurization → converter smelting → LF refining (calcium to molten steel) → continuous casting.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a production method of low alloy steel and the low alloy steel, and can solve the technical problems of long production flow and high cost of the low alloy steel.
In one aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a method for producing a low alloy steel, the method including the steps of:
smelting molten iron in a converter to obtain converter molten steel, wherein deoxidizing agents with corresponding weight and types are added according to the oxygen content of the converter molten steel for pre-deoxidation treatment;
deoxidizing and alloying the converter molten steel to obtain molten steel to be cast;
and continuously casting the molten steel to be cast to obtain a low-alloy steel billet.
In some embodiments of the present application, the pre-deoxidation treatment by adding a deoxidizer of a corresponding weight and kind according to the oxygen content of the converter molten steel comprises:
selecting carbon powder and silicon carbide as the deoxidizer;
determining the addition amount of carbon powder according to formula (1), and determining the addition amount of silicon carbide according to formula (2)
T＝A×0.75×X×Y×30％ (1)
G＝A×0.83×X×Y×90％ (2)；
Wherein T is the adding amount of carbon powder, and G is the adding amount of silicon carbide;
y is the weight of molten steel, and the unit is kg;
x is the oxygen content of the molten steel;
a is a coefficient related to the oxygen content in the molten steel;
when X is more than 0.07 percent, the value of A is 1.1;
when X is 0.06% -0.07%, the value of A is 1.0;
when X is 0.05-0.06%, A is 0.8;
when X is less than or equal to 0.05 percent, the value of A is 0.6;
adding carbon powder and silicon carbide according to the determined addition amount.
In some embodiments of the present application, the deoxidation alloying comprises employing a deoxidation alloy composition comprising: silicon-manganese alloy, carbon powder and silicon carbide.
In some embodiments of the present application, the deoxidation alloying comprises adding 1 to 3kg of deoxidation alloy composition per tonne of molten steel.
In some embodiments of the present application, the continuously casting the molten steel to be cast includes:
when the turnover number of the steel ladle is lower than a first preset value, continuously casting the molten steel to be cast; and/or the presence of a gas in the atmosphere,
and when the temperature of the molten steel in the steel ladle is lower than a second preset value, continuously casting the molten steel to be cast.
In some embodiments of the present application, the first preset value is 4 to 5; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the second preset value is 10-15.
In some embodiments of the present application, after the molten iron is smelted in a converter to obtain molten steel in the converter, the method further includes: blowing argon to the bottom of the converter molten steel;
if the stirring pressure is 0.2-0.4 Mpa, the flow of the bottom blowing argon is 100-150L/min; then soft blowing and stirring are carried out, and the time of the soft blowing and stirring is more than or equal to 6min.
In some embodiments of the present application, in the bottom-blowing argon gas process, the method further comprises: respectively controlling the argon flow at the stopper and the water feeding port of the tundish;
the argon flow at the stopper is more than or equal to 5L/min, and the argon flow at the water feeding port of the tundish is more than or equal to 8L/min.
In some embodiments of the present application, the converter smelting of the molten iron to obtain converter molten steel includes:
and if the sulfur content of the molten iron is more than 0.040%, KR desulfurization is carried out, wherein the desulfurizer for KR desulfurization is lime.
In another aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a low alloy steel made by the method of the first aspect.
According to the method, molten iron is smelted in a converter to obtain converter molten steel, and the converter molten steel is deoxidized and alloyed to obtain molten steel to be cast; the molten steel to be cast is continuously cast to obtain a low alloy steel billet, the common LF refining process in the existing low alloy steel is cancelled, and the phenomena of long production process, complexity and high cost are avoided by a production method for smelting the low alloy steel in a converter direct-upward continuous casting mode; in addition, according to the oxygen content of the molten steel of the converter in the converter smelting process, a deoxidizing agent with corresponding weight and type is added for pre-deoxidizing treatment, so that accurate pre-deoxidizing is realized, the use amount of the deoxidizing agent is reduced, the deoxidizing agent is saved, and the cost generated by deoxidizing is reduced by accurately controlling the pre-deoxidizing treatment process; realizes accurate control, avoids the regulation of components at the later stage, reduces the smelting steps and shortens the smelting period.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly described below, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method of producing a low alloy steel according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;
figure 2 illustrates an exemplary deoxygenation alloy dosing model.
Detailed Description
Features and exemplary embodiments of various aspects of the present application will be described in detail below, and in order to make objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are intended to be illustrative only and are not intended to be limiting. It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the present application may be practiced without some of these specific details. The following description of the embodiments is merely intended to provide a better understanding of the present application by illustrating examples thereof.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrases "comprising 8230; \8230;" comprises 8230; "does not exclude the presence of additional like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
Compared with carbon steel, the existing low-alloy steel is formed by adding one or more alloy elements into the steel on the basis of the carbon steel in order to improve the performance of the steel, and the low-alloy steel refers to alloy steel with the total amount of the alloy elements being less than 5%.
The inventor finds that the existing low-alloy steel has overlong production flow and high production cost through research. The production process commonly adopted in China at present adopts molten iron pretreatment → converter steelmaking → LF refining → RH/VD refining → continuous casting, and the defects of the existing process comprise: the method has the advantages that the method directly carries out pretreatment desulphurization on the molten iron, does not carry out screening, and does not fully utilize the desulphurization effect of a subsequent process; LF smelting is carried out, and molten steel is heated and heated; RH (or VD) mainly completes degassing and inclusion removal, a process of RH smelting is not considered to be deleted, and the inclusion level is controlled through other processes to obtain clean steel.
In order to reduce the production cost of low-alloy steel and the usage amount of a deoxidizer in a pre-deoxidation process, on one hand, the LF refining process is removed, and other processes are adjusted to reduce the production cost; on the other hand, the rough treatment of the deoxidation treatment causes larger fluctuation of the oxygen content, increases the flow of the post-treatment and complicates the process; and adding a deoxidizer with corresponding weight and type for pre-deoxidation treatment at the early tapping stage of the converter according to the oxygen content of the molten steel, so as to realize accurate pre-deoxidation, wherein the deoxidation effect is basically the same as that of a normal deoxidation process, but the consumption and the deoxidation cost of the deoxidizer are reduced, and the carburization of the molten steel cannot be greatly influenced.
The production method of the low alloy steel disclosed in the embodiment of the application is not suitable for high alloy steel and dehydrogenated steel, and can be used for low alloy steel grades such as HSLA300, HSLA340, HSLA380 and the like.
Based on the consideration, in order to solve the problems of long smelting time and high cost in the production process of low alloy steel, the inventor designs a short-flow steel production method through intensive research.
In order to solve the problems of the prior art, a first aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a method for producing low alloy steel, which is described below, and as shown in fig. 1, the method includes the following steps:
s1, smelting molten iron in a converter to obtain converter molten steel, wherein deoxidizing agents with corresponding weights and types are added according to the oxygen content of the converter molten steel for pre-deoxidation treatment;
s2, deoxidizing and alloying the converter molten steel to obtain molten steel to be cast;
and S3, continuously casting the molten steel to be cast to obtain a low-alloy billet.
According to the embodiment of the application, smelting is performed by adopting a short flow of converter → continuous casting, so that the short production flow can be met, the production efficiency is effectively improved, and the production cost is reduced; the steel grade with high cleanliness can be obtained, and the whole smelting period is shortened.
It is worth noting that: the oxygen content in the steel can be accurately controlled through pre-deoxidation treatment and deoxidation alloying, and in the whole smelting process, the oxygen is the assistance of steel making and is a harmful element influencing the service performance of the steel, so that the quality and the service life of the steel are determined, and the control of the oxygen content is particularly important because the conventional steel making processes such as LF refining and RH smelting are reduced.
In the embodiment of the application, because silicomanganese, ferrosilicon and the like are used as deoxidizing agents and are alloying elements, the operations of deoxidation and alloying are carried out simultaneously, generally referred to as deoxidation alloying, the deoxidizing elements are added into steel and react with oxygen to produce a deoxidizing product insoluble in molten steel, and in order to adjust the content of the alloying elements in the steel to reach the component range of the specification of the steel grade, required alloy, referred to as deoxidation alloying, is added into the steel; the low alloy steel grade in this application may contain elements such as manganese, silicon, niobium.
Specifically, slag charge can be added in the converter smelting process for oxygen blowing smelting, so that the secondary desulfurization rate of the smelted molten iron can reach 20%, the end point temperature can be 1620-1660 ℃, the end point carbon content can be 0.03-0.06%, and the oxygen content of the converter molten iron can be more than 0.08%.
It should be noted that: the tapping of the converter can be deoxidized by adding 20-60kg of carbon powder, the generation of alumina can be reduced, and the traditional deoxidation mode (adding aluminum after tapping) is changed when the tapping of the converter is finished.
In the embodiment of the application, after the smelting of the converter, the alloy components are often difficult to quickly adjust in place, the bottom argon blowing time is long, and the soft blowing time is difficult to ensure; in order to meet the requirements of a rapid low-cost refining process, a converter alloy calculation mode is developed when deoxidation alloying is carried out by adjusting a deoxidation process, required components and respective weights of deoxidation alloy are calculated according to target contents of the components in target molten steel by collecting the contents of the components in the molten steel, and an alloy addition optimal module is designed by adopting a linear programming solution mode, as shown in fig. 2.
In addition, according to the embodiment of the application, the nitrogen content in the target molten steel before continuous casting can be controlled to be less than or equal to 0.0030 percent, so that the cleanliness of the molten steel is improved; controlling the end point carbon content, and comprehensively controlling the carbon-oxygen product of the converter, namely the product of the carbon content and the oxygen content in the molten steel at the smelting end point of the converter. On the premise of certain carbon content, the oxygen content in the molten steel at the end point is reduced as much as possible, namely the carbon-oxygen product is reduced, so that the consumption of alloy for deoxidation at the later stage is reduced, more inclusions formed in the deoxidation process can be reduced, and the smelting cost is reduced.
In some embodiments, the pre-deoxidation treatment by adding a deoxidizer of a corresponding weight and type according to the oxygen content of the converter molten steel comprises:
selecting carbon powder and silicon carbide as the deoxidizer;
determining the addition amount of carbon powder according to formula (1), and determining the addition amount of silicon carbide according to formula (2)
T＝A×0.75×X×Y×30％ (1)
G＝A×0.83×X×Y×90％ (2)；
Wherein T is the adding amount of carbon powder, and G is the adding amount of silicon carbide;
y is the weight of molten steel, and the unit is kg;
x is the oxygen content of the molten steel;
a is a coefficient related to the oxygen content in the molten steel;
when X is more than 0.07 percent, the value of A is 1.1;
when X is 0.06% -0.07%, A is 1.0;
when X is 0.05-0.06%, A is 0.8;
when X is less than or equal to 0.05 percent, the value of A is 0.6;
adding carbon powder and silicon carbide according to the determined addition amount.
In the embodiment of the application, the addition amounts of carbon powder and silicon carbide are respectively calculated according to the weight of molten steel, the oxygen content of the molten steel and an empirical coefficient A, so that the aim of pre-deoxidizing is fulfilled by accurately controlling the use amount of a deoxidizing agent; as the carbon-oxygen balance and the metallurgical thermodynamic principle are followed in the molten steel, and according to experience, when the oxygen content of the molten steel is in different ranges, the value of the coefficient A is different, and the precise deoxidation is favorably realized.
According to the embodiment of the application, the inventor sets the oxygen content and the corresponding coefficient for different molten steel according to actual conditions. The applicant verifies through a large number of experiments that the addition amounts of the silicon carbide and the carbon powder are adjusted according to the coefficient corresponding to the oxygen content, so that the deoxidation is more accurate, the use amount of the deoxidizer is more accurate, and the casting blank quality is improved.
In some embodiments, the deoxidation alloying comprises employing a deoxidation alloy composition comprising: silicomanganese, carbon powder and silicon carbide.
According to the embodiment of the application, the silicon-manganese alloy can contain 16% of silicon and 64% of manganese in mass fraction); the carbon powder can contain 95 percent of carbon, and the effective content of silicon carbide in the silicon carbide can be 80 to 87 percent; and simultaneously, according to the contents (including the contents of carbon, silicon and manganese) and oxygen contents of alloy components in the molten steel, adding different weight of deoxidized alloy compositions.
According to the embodiment of the application, the content of carbon and silicon in the deoxidized alloy composition is high, so that the addition amount and burning loss amount of manganese can be effectively reduced; because the compound (slag) generated by carbon, silicon and manganese has low melting point and large particles, the floating slag removal is easy, and the purification of molten steel is facilitated; the utilization rate of carbon and silicon is high, and the yield of manganese is high; when molten steel is smelted, deoxidation alloy can be added in one step, so that the smelting time is shortened, and the time yield of the furnace is improved.
It should be noted that: before tapping or during tapping, other silicomanganese alloys can be adopted for alloying according to the requirements of the end oxygen content and the molten steel components, and can be deoxidation alloys such as silicomanganese, high manganese or low manganese, and the alloy addition sequence is silicomanganese → high manganese → low manganese.
In some embodiments, the deoxidized alloy composition is added in an amount of 1 to 3kg per ton of molten steel.
According to the embodiment of the application, the addition amount of the deoxidation alloy is controlled to be 1-3 kg/ton of molten steel, so that not only can clean molten steel be obtained, but also effective deoxidation and oxygen content control can be realized.
In some embodiments of the present application, the continuously casting the molten steel to be cast includes: and when the turnover times of the steel ladle are lower than a first preset value, continuously casting the molten steel to be cast.
According to the embodiment of the application, the turnover frequency of the steel ladle is lower than the first preset value, the number of the steel ladle can be effectively reduced, the turnover efficiency is improved, and meanwhile, the temperature of the molten steel in the steel ladle is effectively guaranteed.
In some embodiments of the present application, the continuously casting the molten steel to be cast includes: and when the temperature of the molten steel in the steel ladle is lower than a second preset value, continuously casting the molten steel to be cast.
According to the embodiment of the application, the temperature drop is the temperature reduction amount, the unit is centigrade, the temperature drop of the molten steel in the steel ladle is controlled to be lower than the second preset value, the temperature of the molten steel in the steel ladle during continuous casting can be effectively ensured, and the quality of a continuously cast plate blank is ensured.
In some embodiments of the present application, the first preset value is 4 to 5.
According to the embodiment of the application, the number of the conventional steel ladles is 7-8, the number is reduced to 4-5, and the turnover efficiency is improved.
In some embodiments of the present application, the second preset value is 10 to 15.
According to the embodiment of the application, the temperature reduction is controlled to be 10-15 ℃, and can be 11 ℃, 12 ℃, 13 ℃ and 14 ℃; if better control can be obtained, the second preset value can be 1 ℃, 2 ℃, 3 ℃, 4 ℃, 5 ℃, 6 ℃, 7 ℃, 8 ℃, 9 ℃ and the like, the initial temperature of the previous procedure can be adjusted, the temperature drop in the steel ladle transfer process can be accurately controlled, and the temperature of the molten steel during continuous casting can be ensured.
According to the embodiment of the application, the period from tapping of a conventional slab line converter to continuous casting and casting can be shortened from 90 minutes to 60 minutes by controlling the temperature reduction amount and the turnover number of the ladle, so that the smelting period is shortened.
In some embodiments, after the molten iron is smelted in a converter to obtain molten steel in the converter, the method further includes: blowing argon to the bottom of the converter molten steel;
if the stirring pressure is 0.2-0.4 Mpa, the flow of the bottom blowing argon is 100-150L/min; then soft blowing and stirring are carried out, and the time of the soft blowing and stirring is more than or equal to 6min.
According to the embodiment of the application, the stirring pressure is 0.2-0.4 Mpa, the slag is possibly involved into the molten steel due to the strong stirring, so that the molten steel cannot reach the clean standard, and the inclusion in the molten steel caused by slag entrapment at the slag liquid surface can be ensured to float sufficiently by controlling the flow rate of bottom-blown argon gas to be 100-150L/min during the strong stirring; simultaneously carrying out soft blowing stirring, prolonging the soft blowing stirring time, keeping the sedation time for more than or equal to 15min after the soft blowing, and reducing Al 2 O 3 The production and removal of the molten steel are carried out, and the cleanliness of the molten steel is comprehensively controlled.
According to the embodiment of the application, white slag is not produced in the bottom argon blowing process, 400-600 kg of lime is added in the tapping process for slag washing, and the components for obtaining the top slag of the steel ladle comprise: calculated by mass fraction, caO:50% -60% of SiO 2 ≤15％、Al 2 O 3 : 20-30 percent of the synthetic slag with proper TFe less than or equal to 5 percent, can properly increase the lime consumption of the thick slag, reduce the steel slag reaction in the continuous casting process and generate new Al 2 O 3 And impurities are mixed to ensure that the continuous casting stopper rod does not rise.
According to the embodiment of the application, when argon is blown from the bottom, deoxidized alloy is added to adjust the components of the molten steel, calcium treatment is not carried out after the components are qualified, the treatment time is controlled within 20 minutes, and continuous casting and pouring can be carried out; molten steel arrives at an argon station and is not subjected to desulfurization treatment, a conventional process calcium treatment process is cancelled, the sulfur content of a finished product can meet the requirement of being less than or equal to 0.020%, and then the finished product is directly cast in a continuous casting manner, so that the argon flow of a continuous casting nozzle is improved, the blockage is reduced, and the blockage of the continuous casting nozzle is controlled.
In some embodiments, in the bottom-blowing argon gas process, the method further comprises: respectively controlling the argon flow at the stopper and the water feeding port of the tundish;
the argon flow at the stopper is more than or equal to 5L/min, and the argon flow at the water feeding port of the tundish is more than or equal to 8L/min.
In the embodiment of the application, the rising of the nozzle blocking plug rod can be reduced by implementing the measures.
In some embodiments, the converter smelting of the molten iron to obtain converter molten steel previously includes:
and if the sulfur content of the molten iron is more than 0.040%, performing KR desulfurization, wherein a desulfurizing agent for KR desulfurization is lime.
According to the embodiment of the application, the molten iron desulphurization process properly reduces the sulfur content of molten iron smelted in a converter and reduces the desulphurization pressure of the subsequent process, is a shallow desulphurization process, can ensure that the sulfur content in the molten iron is less than or equal to 0.02 percent, ensures that the sulfur content in a finished product meets the standard requirement, and increases the inclusion and the cost if the sulfur content in the finished product does not meet the standard requirement.
According to the embodiment of the application, lime can be added for stirring and desulfurization, and the shallow desulfurization process can be completed when the sulfur content of molten iron is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.040%.
It should be noted that: if the sulfur content of the molten iron is 0.02-0.040%, the molten iron can be desulfurized in converter smelting and bottom blowing argon, and the shallow desulfurization process of KR desulfurization is not needed, so that the sulfur content of the finished product reaches the standard requirement.
According to the embodiment of the application, the KR desulfurization can also control the incoming temperature of molten iron to be more than or equal to 1280 ℃, the outgoing S after the KR desulfurization can be controlled to be less than or equal to 0.02%, and the cleanliness of desulfurization slag after the KR desulfurization is more than 80%.
In another aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a low alloy steel made by the method of the first aspect.
The present disclosure is more particularly described in the following examples that are intended as illustrative only, since various modifications and changes within the scope of the present disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Unless otherwise indicated, all parts, percentages, and ratios reported in the following examples are on a weight basis, and all reagents used in the examples are commercially available or synthesized according to conventional methods and can be used as is without further treatment, and the equipment used in the examples is commercially available.
Example 1
The embodiment of the application provides a production method of low-alloy steel, which comprises the following steps:
s1, smelting molten iron in a converter to obtain converter molten steel, wherein according to the oxygen content of the converter molten steel, a deoxidizer with corresponding weight and type is matched for pre-deoxidation treatment;
s2, carrying out deoxidation alloying after the converter furnace;
and S3, performing post continuous casting to obtain a low-alloy billet.
Smelting low alloy steel in a converter direct-upward continuous casting mode, wherein the low alloy steel is made in a brand HSLA300, the content of sulfur in molten steel in the converter is 0.045% by mass, the molten steel is desulfurized to 0.018% by entering KR, then the molten steel is transported to the converter for smelting, the temperature of the molten steel at the end point of the converter is 1645 ℃, the oxygen at the end point is 0.065%, the amount of the molten steel is 216 tons, the converter adopts step-by-step deoxidation alloying, 32kg of carbon powder and 105kg of silicon carbide are added, silicon and manganese series alloy are added for predeoxidation alloying in the tapping process, al final deoxidation gold elements are added to the slag surface of the argon blowing-off slag after tapping is finished, the converter is adjusted to the position once, calcium treatment is not carried out, soft blowing is carried out for 7 minutes, the soft blowing flow rate is 120L/min, the processing time of an argon station is 18 minutes, the components of the molten steel after alloying in the argon station are 0.04%, 0.03%, 0.29% of silicon, 0.025% of manganese, 0.010% of aluminum, 0.012% of niobium, and the number of continuous casting furnace reaches 12, and the nitrogen content of molten steel in tundish is 0.0026%.
When pre-deoxidation is performed, the dosage of the deoxidizer comprises carbon powder and silicon carbide;
the calculation mode of the addition amount of the carbon powder is as follows: t =1 × 0.75 × 0.065% × 216000 × 30% (1);
the calculation mode of the addition amount of the silicon carbide is as follows: g =1 × 0.83 × 0.065% × 216000 × 90% (2);
wherein T is the addition of carbon powder, and G is the addition of silicon carbide;
y is the weight of molten steel, and the unit is kg;
x is the oxygen content of the molten steel;
a is a coefficient related to the oxygen content in the molten steel;
when X is more than 0.07 percent, the value of A is 1.1;
when X is 0.06% -0.07%, the value of A is 1.0;
when X is 0.05-0.06%, A is 0.8;
when X is less than or equal to 0.05 percent, the value of A is 0.6;
example 2
The present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that:
smelting low alloy steel in a converter direct-upward continuous casting mode, wherein the low alloy steel is brand HSLA340, the sulfur content in molten steel in the converter is 0.045% by mass fraction, the molten steel is desulfurized to 0.018% by entering KR, then the molten steel is transported to the converter for smelting, the temperature of the molten steel at the end point of the converter is 1645 ℃, the oxygen content is 0.078%, the molten steel amount is 219 tons, the molten steel components are 0.04% by mass fraction, 0.040% by mass fraction of silicon, 0.30% by mass fraction of manganese, 0.025% by mass fraction of aluminum, 0.008% by mass fraction of sulfur and 0.025% by mass fraction of niobium, the converter adopts step-by-step deoxidation alloying, 42kg by mass fraction of carbon powder and 138kg by mass fraction of silicon and manganese alloy are added in the tapping process for preliminary deoxidation alloying, the argon blowing slag surface is added with Al, the final deoxidation alloying element is once adjusted to be in place, the soft blowing is not performed with calcium treatment for 7 minutes, the soft blowing flow rate is 125L/min, the argon station treatment time is 20 minutes, the continuous casting furnace number reaches 12 furnaces, and the nitrogen content in the molten steel in the tundish is 0.0024%.
When in pre-deoxidation, the dosage of the deoxidizer comprises carbon powder and silicon carbide;
the calculation mode of the addition amount of the carbon powder is as follows: t =1.1 × 0.75 × 0.078% × 219000 × 30% (1); the calculation mode of the addition amount of the silicon carbide is as follows: g =1.1 × 0.83 × 0.078% × 219000 × 90% (2).
Example 3
The present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that:
smelting low alloy steel in a converter direct-top continuous casting mode, wherein the trade name is HSLA380, the content of sulfur in molten steel in the converter is 0.042%, the content of oxygen is 0.064%, the end temperature of the converter is 1638 ℃, the quantity of molten steel is 214 tons, the converter adopts step-by-step deoxidation alloying, 31kg of carbon powder and 102kg of silicon carbide are added, silicon and manganese alloy is added for pre-deoxidation alloying in the tapping process, al final deoxidation gold elements are added on the slag surface blown away by argon gas after tapping to adjust the slag surface to one time, calcium treatment is not carried out, soft blowing is carried out for 8 minutes, the soft blowing flow is 120L/min, the treatment time of an argon station is 23 minutes, the molten steel after alloying in the argon station contains 0.062% of carbon, 0.038% of silicon, 0.38% of manganese, 0.029% of aluminum, 0.012% of sulfur, 0.042% of niobium, and the content of nitrogen in tundish molten steel is 0.0023%.
When in pre-deoxidation, the dosage of the deoxidizer comprises carbon powder and silicon carbide;
the calculation mode of the addition amount of the carbon powder is as follows: t =1.0 × 0.75 × 0.064% × 214000 × 30% (1); the calculation mode of the addition amount of the silicon carbide is as follows: g =1.0 × 0.83 × 0.064% × 214000 × 90% (2).
Example 4
The present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that:
the low alloy steel is smelted in a converter direct-top continuous casting mode under the brand number HSLA380, the low alloy steel is smelted in the converter direct-top continuous casting mode, the sulfur content in molten steel of the converter is 0.052%, the oxygen content is 0.055%, the end temperature of the converter is 1638 ℃, the molten steel amount is 217 tons, the converter adopts step-by-step deoxidation alloying, 21kg of carbon powder and 71kg of silicon carbide are added, silicon and manganese series alloy is added for pre-deoxidation alloying in the tapping process, al final deoxidation alloying element is added to the argon blowing slag surface after tapping is finished, the molten steel is adjusted to the position once, calcium treatment is not carried out, soft blowing is carried out for 8 minutes, the soft blowing flow is 120L/min, the argon station treatment time is 25 minutes, the molten steel after alloying in the argon station contains 0.065% of carbon, 0.03% of silicon, 0.45% of manganese, 0.030% of aluminum, 0.011% of sulfur, 0.045% of niobium and the nitrogen content in tundish molten steel is 0.0029%.
When in pre-deoxidation, the dosage of the deoxidizer comprises carbon powder and silicon carbide;
the calculation mode of the addition amount of the carbon powder is as follows: t =0.8 × 0.75 × 0.055% × 217000 × 30% (1); the calculation mode of the addition amount of the silicon carbide is as follows: g =0.8 × 0.83 × 0.055% × 217000 × 90% (2).
Comparative example 1
This comparative example differs from example 1 in that: the smelting process of the low alloy steel generally adopts the following steps: KR molten iron desulphurization → converter smelting → LF refining → continuous casting, and then calcium treatment is carried out on the molten steel.
The method comprises the following steps of making HSLA300, molten steel of a converter 0.045%, oxygen 0.065%, end temperature of the converter 1604 ℃, molten steel amount 216 tons, deoxidizing and alloying the converter step by step, adding silicon and manganese alloy in the tapping process for pre-deoxidizing and alloying, heating the molten steel to a refining furnace, treating for 55 minutes, alloying in an argon station, wherein the molten steel contains 0.05% of carbon, 0.035% of silicon, 0.27% of manganese, 0.026% of aluminum, 0.003% of sulfur, 0.014% of niobium, and the nitrogen content in tundish molten steel is 0.0044%.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example differs from example 3 in that: the smelting of low alloy steel generally adopts the following process flows: KR molten iron desulphurization → converter smelting → LF refining → continuous casting, and then calcium treatment is carried out on the molten steel. The grade HSLA380, the molten steel of the converter is 0.041 percent, the oxygen content is 0.068 percent, the end temperature of the converter is 1609 ℃, the molten steel amount is 217 tons, the converter adopts step-by-step deoxidation alloying, silicon and manganese alloy are added in the tapping process for pre-deoxidation alloying, the molten steel is heated up to a refining furnace, the treatment time is 52 minutes, and the molten steel contains 0.05 percent of carbon, 0.02 percent of silicon, 0.29 percent of manganese, 0.027 percent of aluminum, 0.004 percent of sulfur, 0.023 percent of niobium, 0.0014 percent of calcium and 0.0048 percent of nitrogen in the tundish molten steel after alloying in an argon station.
The production flows of the examples and the comparative examples were recorded and examined by comparing the smelting time and the method, and the measured results are shown in table 2.
The scheme of the embodiment 1 is that about 5 thousand tons of low alloy steel of the variety is produced from the implementation day, the quality is ensured, and compared with the process of the prior comparative example 1, the production period is saved by more than 30 minutes. The cost is reduced by calculating according to 48 yuan/t molten steel, and the cost is directly saved as follows: about 50000 tons 48 yuan =240 ten thousand/year.
The finished products of the steel products smelted by the production method can completely meet the requirements on carbon, silicon, manganese, sulfur and aluminum elements, and most importantly, the production method is a short-flow process, and a desulfurization task is completed by adopting shallow desulfurization in a KR process, so that the cost of LF refining deep desulfurization and calcium treatment is greatly reduced, and remarkable economic benefit is created.
As described above, only the specific embodiments of the present application are provided, and it can be clearly understood by those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the system, the module and the unit described above may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not described herein again. It should be understood that the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope of the present application, and these modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A method for producing low alloy steel, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
smelting molten iron in a converter to obtain converter molten steel, wherein deoxidizing agents with corresponding weight and types are added according to the oxygen content of the converter molten steel for pre-deoxidation treatment;
deoxidizing and alloying the converter molten steel to obtain molten steel to be cast;
and continuously casting the molten steel to be cast to obtain the low-alloy billet.
2. The method of claim 1,
the pre-deoxidation treatment by adding deoxidizers of corresponding weight and type according to the oxygen content of the converter molten steel comprises the following steps:
selecting carbon powder and silicon carbide as the deoxidizer;
determining the addition amount of carbon powder according to formula (1), and determining the addition amount of silicon carbide according to formula (2)
T＝A×0.75×X×Y×30％ (1)
G＝A×0.83×X×Y×90％ (2)；
Wherein T is the addition of carbon powder, and G is the addition of silicon carbide;
y is the weight of molten steel, and the unit is kg;
x is the oxygen content of the molten steel;
a is a coefficient related to the oxygen content in the molten steel;
when X is more than 0.07 percent, the value of A is 1.1;
when X is 0.06% -0.07%, the value of A is 1.0;
when X is 0.05-0.06%, A is 0.8;
when X is less than or equal to 0.05 percent, the value of A is 0.6;
adding carbon powder and silicon carbide according to the determined addition amount.
3. The method of claim 1,
the deoxidation alloying comprises employing a deoxidation alloy composition comprising: silicon-manganese alloy, carbon powder and silicon carbide.
4. The method of claim 3,
the deoxidation alloying comprises adding 1-3 kg of deoxidation alloy composition per ton of molten steel.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the continuously casting the molten steel to be cast includes:
when the turnover number of the steel ladle is lower than a first preset value, continuously casting the molten steel to be cast; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
and when the temperature of the molten steel in the steel ladle is lower than a second preset value, continuously casting the molten steel to be cast.
6. The method of claim 5,
the first preset value is 4-5; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the second preset value is 10-15.
7. The method of claim 1,
after molten iron is smelted in a converter to obtain molten steel in the converter, the method also comprises the following steps: blowing argon to the bottom of the converter molten steel;
if the stirring pressure is 0.2-0.4 Mpa, the flow of the bottom blowing argon is 100-150L/min; then soft blowing and stirring are carried out, and the time of the soft blowing and stirring is more than or equal to 6min.
8. The method of claim 7,
in the argon bottom blowing process, the method further comprises the following steps: respectively controlling the argon flow at the stopper and the water feeding port of the tundish;
the argon flow at the stopper is more than or equal to 5L/min, and the argon flow at the water feeding port of the tundish is more than or equal to 8L/min.
9. The method of claim 1,
the method for smelting the molten iron in the converter to obtain the molten steel in the converter comprises the following steps:
and if the sulfur content of the molten iron is more than 0.040%, performing KR desulfurization, wherein a desulfurizing agent for KR desulfurization is lime.
10. A low alloy steel, characterized in that it is obtained by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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