CN102080181B - Low-alloy Q345D thick plate produced without adding micro-alloy elements and production method thereof - Google Patents
Low-alloy Q345D thick plate produced without adding micro-alloy elements and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a low-alloy Q345D thick plate produced without adding micro-alloy elements and a production method thereof. The method disclosed by the invention is characterized in that on the premise of not adopting vacuum decarburization equipment such as an RH and the like, through using the existing equipment such as a VD (vacuum degasser) and the like of enterprises, the requirements for smelting low-carbon steel plates and extreme low carbon steel plates are met, therefore, under the condition that the profits of the enterprises at the present stage are not high, a heavy investment in large-scale equipment replacement and remodeling is avoided, thereby saving the investment for the enterprises, completely using the existing equipment of the enterprises, greatly reducing the capital investment of the enterprises at the present stage, and providing abundant preparation time for equipment replacement after the market situation takes a favorable turn in the future and the profits of the enterprises are improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Heavy Plate Production Technology field, be specifically related to a kind of employing and do not add microalloy element production low-alloy Q345D slab and production method thereof.
Background technology
Current international financial crisis has caused larger impact to Iron and Steel Enterprises in China; particularly the plate industry of steel mill is the comparatively serious industry that is hit; the disadvantageous effect of bringing for tackling international financial crisis; accelerate restructuring; promote industrial upgrading; realize low cost strategy, strengthen enterprise competitiveness and have a very important role.Under current environment, the production of low-alloy Q345D steel plate adds again price high microalloy element Nb, V conventionally, has improved the production cost of enterprise; be unfavorable for cost efficiency; be unfavorable for tackling the disadvantageous effect that international financial crisis brings, realize low cost strategy, strengthen enterprise competitiveness
Summary of the invention
The invention provides that one reduces costs, the simple employing of technique do not add microalloy element and produces low-alloy Q345D slab and production method thereof.
A kind of employing do not added microalloy element production low-alloy Q345D slab, the chemical composition (unit, wt%) that comprises following mass percent: C :≤0.19, Si :≤0.50, Mn:1.05～1.60, P≤0.020, S≤0.010, Als :≤0.050, other is Fe and relict element;
Carbon equivalent [Ceq=C+Mn/6+ (Cr+Mo+V)/5+ (Ni+Cu)/15] :≤0.46.
The production technique of microalloy element production low-alloy Q345D slab is not added in above-mentioned employing, comprises the steps,
A. Clean Steel water constituent design: on the composition basis of traditional Q 345D low alloy steel, smelt by Clean Steel, strictly control P, S content, do not add microalloy Nb, V, both ensure low-carbon-equivalent and the weldability of steel plate by carrying out strict TMCP rolling, ensured again Q345D obdurability coupling;
B.KR hot metal pretreatment: the molten iron that arrives at a station must be taken off front slag and take off rear slag, ensures liquid level thickness of slag layer≤20mm, and molten iron ensures molten iron S≤0.005% after KR stirring desulphurization, ensures desulfurization cycle≤21min, desulfurization temperature drop≤20 DEG C;
C. converter smelting: enter stove molten iron S≤0.005%, P≤0.080%, molten iron temperature >=1250 DEG C, press ± 1t of molten iron Intake Quantity error controls, steel scrap strictly adopts high-quality scrap stock, process rifle position by early stage 1.0-1.3m, mid-term 1.2-1.6m, later stage 1.0-1.1m control, slag making basicity R presses 2.5-4.0 and controls, tapping target P≤0.015%, C >=0.05%, S≤0.012%, in tapping process to Si-Al-Ba-Ca, manganeseirom, ferro-silicon and lime, fluorite in ladle; Tapping is front with slag tapping before floating plug gear, and tapping finishes the front necessary slag stop cone pushing off the slag that adopts, and ensures thickness of slag layer≤30mm, requires omnidistance Argon in converter tapping process;
D. Argon processing: the disposable aluminum steel that adds in argon station, require strong Argon 3min at argon station, flow 200-500NL/min, molten steel face bore hole diameter control, must not be lower than 1570 DEG C from argon station temperature at 300～600mm;
E.LF refining: omnidistance Argon in refining process, add refining slag, basicity is pressed 4.0-6.0 and is controlled, refinement and deoxidation agent is with calcium carbide, aluminum shot, ferrosilicon powder is main, add-on is according to steel oxygen content in water and make white slag situation and add in right amount, heat-processed selects suitable electric current to heat according to rhythm is more than needed with temperature conditions, heat-up time is by twice control, one heating 7-12min, two heating 6-10min, in two heat-processedes, require according to slag making situation, add reductor, and require dry slag number of times to be greater than 6 times, before leaving from station, add silicon-calcium wire, before adding silicon-calcium wire, must close argon gas, 1565 ± 15 DEG C of upper steel temperature (not adopting vacuum outgas)/1610 ± 15 DEG C (employing vacuum outgas),
F.VD refining: VD vacuum tightness must reach below 67Pa, the dwell time is necessary >=15min, soft blow 2-5min or do not blow after vacuum breaker, in soft blow process, molten steel must not be exposed.The normal online bag pumpdown time: (vacuumizing front liquid steel temperature-target temperature leaving from station)/1.7min.Insulating covering agent, ensures to be paved with molten steel face, must close argon gas, 1565 ± 15 DEG C of upper steel temperature before adding insulating covering agent;
G. continuous casting: ensure that casting machine status of equipment is good before watering steel, 15 ± 10 DEG C of middle bag superheating temperature, pulling rate: 0.7m/min, specific water: 0.80L/kg, electricity stirs: 900A, 5Hz, 30s-3-30s, continuous-casting steel pouring requires whole process protection casting, unwrap greatly to water in rear 1min and must overlap protective tube, in middle bag casting process, must ensure not show of molten steel face, in steel pouring process, rationally control stopper Argon amount, guarantee liquid level fluctuation of crystallizer is slight, after strand rolls off the production line, requires cooling in heap >=12h;
H. heating: Heating temperature and heat-up time are as follows: preheating section temperature 900-1000 DEG C, heating zone temperature 1220-1240 DEG C, holding-zone temperature 1200-1220 DEG C, rate of heating 10-13min/cm;
I. controlled rolling and controlled cooling: first stage start rolling temperature is controlled between 1000～1200 DEG C, adopts high temperature low speed to depress greatly rolling, and reduction in pass is not less than 20mm; In the time that temperature is not less than 1000 DEG C, stop rolling the steel that dries in the air, the steel thickness that dries in the air is 2.5-3 times of finished product thickness; In the time that rolled piece temperature is less than 880 DEG C, start subordinate phase rolling, two-stage accumulative total deformation rate >=60%, finishing temperature is controlled at 780～840 DEG C; After rolling, adopt ACC control cold, final cooling temperature is controlled between 650～700 DEG C, is then sent to straightener aligning;
J. cooling in heap technique
Adopt high temperature cooling in heap technique can effectively avoid the unrelieved stress because of quick cooling generation, can greatly reduce the content of hydrogen in steel plate simultaneously, fully realize thermal diffusion effect, improve steel plate inspection defect.Steel plate stacking retarded cooling process is as follows; Stacking slow cooling temperature is not less than 400 DEG C, and heap cool time is controlled at 24 hours.
For achieving the above object, on the composition basis of original Q345D low alloy steel, suitably adjust the content composition and division in a proportion example of C, Mn in Q345D, and simultaneously strictly control P, S etc. in steel and affect the harmful element content of steel plate plasticity and toughness, and then do not add price high microalloy element Nb, V etc., thereby ensure the ballistic work of Q345D steel plate, ensured again intensity and the plasticity coupling of steel plate simultaneously.
From obtaining, high-quality molten iron, KR hot metal pretreatment, 100/120 ton of top and bottom combined blown converter, the refining of LF stove, Fruit storage, strand cooling in heap 12-60 hour, pusher-type furnace, 3800m milling train, ACC laminar flow are cooling in technical process of the present invention, 11 roller thermal straightening machines, cooling in heap, finishing, inspection, flaw detection to warehouse-in.In smelting process, strictly control the harmful element such as P in steel (phosphorus), S (sulphur), ensure that the purity of molten steel reaches Clean Steel level substantially.In follow-up rolling heat-processed, for preventing inside steel billet coarse grains, suitably reduce Heating temperature, be steel billet crystal grain thinning establish a firm foundation in the operation of rolling.In the operation of rolling, by adopting domestic advanced person's TMCP rolling technique, can ensure Q345D plate property demand.In conjunction with steel-making chemical composition, through theoretical calculation, the recrystallize final temperature of steel is 895 DEG C, for preventing mixed crystal and coarse grains, therefore design it and treat that the temperature steel to 880 DEG C that dries in the air starts finish rolling below, the steel gauge control of drying in the air at the 2.5-3 of finished product thickness doubly, for finish rolling stage accumulative total deflection and crystal grain thinning, dislocations strengthening lay the foundation; As roll rear Slow cooling and easily make grain growth, and the alloy solid solution such as C, Mn amount in tissue is limited, therefore will control suitable speed of cooling.In order to obtain good comprehensive mechanical property, according to the difference of thickness of slab, roll the different laminar flow of rear employing cooling, by adjusting cooling manifold group number, guarantee that red temperature is between 650～700 DEG C.Compared with traditional Q345D, in the situation that carbon equivalent is constant, do not add the precious alloy such as Nb, V, ensure Q345D property indices, greatly reduce production cost.
Embodiment
Embodiment mono-:
A kind of employing do not added microalloy element production low-alloy Q345D slab, the chemical composition (unit, wt%) that comprises following mass percent: C:0.13, Si:0.30, Mn:1.15, P:0.020, S:0.05, Als:0.020, other is Fe and relict element;
Embodiment bis-:
A kind of employing do not added microalloy element production low-alloy Q345D slab, the chemical composition (unit, wt%) that comprises following mass percent: C:0.19, Si:0.50, Mn:1.55, P:0.010, S:0.010, Als:0.040, other is Fe and relict element;
Embodiment tri-:
A kind of employing do not added microalloy element production low-alloy Q345D slab, the chemical composition (unit, wt%) that comprises following mass percent: C:0.16, Si:0.40, Mn:1.35, P≤0.015, S≤0.008, Als :≤0.030, other is Fe and relict element; 2, KR hot metal pretreatment technology: the molten iron that arrives at a station must be taken off front slag and take off rear slag, ensures liquid level thickness of slag layer≤20mm, and molten iron ensures molten iron S≤0.005% after KR stirring desulphurization, ensures desulfurization cycle≤21min, desulfurization temperature drop≤20 DEG C.3, converter smelting process: enter stove molten iron S≤0.005%, P≤0.080%, molten iron temperature >=1250 DEG C, press ± 1t of molten iron Intake Quantity error controls, steel scrap strictly adopts high-quality scrap stock, process rifle position by early stage 1.0-1.3m, mid-term 1.2-1.6m, later stage 1.0-1.1m control, slag making basicity R presses 2.5-4.0 and controls, tapping target P≤0.015%, C >=0.05%, S≤0.012%, in tapping process to Si-Al-Ba-Ca, manganeseirom, ferro-silicon and lime, fluorite in ladle.Tapping is front with slag tapping before floating plug gear, and tapping finishes the front necessary slag stop cone pushing off the slag that adopts, and ensures thickness of slag layer≤30mm, requires omnidistance Argon in converter tapping process.4, argon blowing process: the disposable aluminum steel that adds in argon station, require strong Argon 3min at argon station, flow 200-500NL/min, molten steel face bore hole diameter control, must not be lower than 1570 DEG C from argon station temperature at 300～600mm.5, LF refinery practice: omnidistance Argon in refining process, Argon intensity need to regulate according to different links.Add refining slag, basicity is pressed 4.0-6.0 and is controlled, and refinement and deoxidation agent is taking calcium carbide, aluminum shot, ferrosilicon powder as main, and add-on is according to steel oxygen content in water and make white slag situation and add in right amount.Heat-processed selects suitable electric current to heat according to rhythm is more than needed with temperature conditions, heat-up time, one heating 7-12min, two heating 6-10min, required according to slag making situation in two heat-processedes by twice control, add reductor, and require dry slag number of times to be greater than 6 times.Before leaving from station, add silicon-calcium wire, must close argon gas, 1565 ± 15 DEG C of upper steel temperature (not adopting vacuum outgas)/1610 ± 15 DEG C (employing vacuum outgas) before adding silicon-calcium wire.6, VD refinery practice: VD vacuum tightness must reach below 67Pa, the dwell time is necessary >=15min, soft blow 2-5min or do not blow after vacuum breaker, in soft blow process, molten steel must not be exposed.The normal online bag pumpdown time: (vacuumizing front liquid steel temperature-target temperature leaving from station)/1.7min.Insulating covering agent, ensures to be paved with molten steel face, must close argon gas, 1565 ± 15 DEG C of upper steel temperature before adding insulating covering agent.7, continuous casting process: ensure that casting machine status of equipment is good before watering steel; 15 ± 10 DEG C of middle bag superheating temperature; pulling rate: 0.7m/min; specific water: 0.80L/kg; electricity stirs: 900A, 5Hz, 30s-3-30s; continuous-casting steel pouring requires whole process protection casting, unwraps greatly to water in rear 1min and must overlap protective tube, in middle bag casting process, must ensure not show of molten steel face.In steel pouring process, rationally control stopper Argon amount, ensure that liquid level fluctuation of crystallizer is slight.After rolling off the production line, strand requires cooling in heap >=12h.8, heating: Heating temperature and heat-up time are as follows: preheating section temperature 900-1000 DEG C, heating zone temperature 1220-1240 DEG C, holding-zone temperature 1200-1220 DEG C, rate of heating 10-13min/cm; 9, controlled rolling and controlled cooling:: in conjunction with steel-making chemical composition, through theoretical calculation, the recrystallize final temperature of steel is 895 DEG C, for preventing mixed crystal and coarse grains, therefore designs it and treats that the temperature steel to 880 DEG C that dries in the air starts finish rolling below.The steel gauge control of drying in the air at the 2.5-3 of finished product thickness doubly, for finish rolling stage accumulative total deflection and crystal grain thinning, dislocations strengthening lay the foundation;
As roll rear Slow cooling and easily make grain growth, and the alloy solid solution such as C, Mn amount in tissue is limited, therefore will control suitable speed of cooling.In order to obtain good comprehensive mechanical property, according to the difference of thickness of slab, roll the different laminar flow of rear employing cooling, by adjusting cooling manifold group number, guarantee that red temperature is between 650～700 DEG C.
Cooling controlling and rolling controlling process is as follows:
First stage start rolling temperature is controlled between 1000～1200 DEG C, adopts high temperature low speed to depress greatly rolling, and reduction in pass is not less than 20mm; In the time that temperature is not less than 1000 DEG C, stop rolling the steel that dries in the air, the steel thickness that dries in the air is 2.5-3 times of finished product thickness; In the time that rolled piece temperature is less than 880 DEG C, start subordinate phase rolling, two-stage accumulative total deformation rate >=60%, finishing temperature is controlled at 780～840 DEG C; After rolling, adopt ACC control cold, final cooling temperature is controlled between 650～700 DEG C, is then sent to straightener aligning.
10, cooling in heap technique: adopt high temperature cooling in heap technique can effectively avoid the unrelieved stress because of quick cooling generation, can greatly reduce the content of hydrogen in steel plate simultaneously, fully realize thermal diffusion effect, improve steel plate inspection defect.Steel plate stacking retarded cooling process is as follows; Stacking slow cooling temperature is not less than 400 DEG C, and heap cool time is controlled at 24 hours; Mechanical mechanics property is analyzed:
Composition and mechanical mechanics property are pressed GB/T1591-2008 and are carried out, specifically in table 1.
Table 1 Q345D steel plate mechanical mechanics property
The thick Q345D of this trial production 20-80mm amounts to 30 batches, wherein: yield strength is controlled at 340～450MPa, has on average reached 375MPa, than the rich 40MPa of standard; Tensile strength is controlled at 500～590MPa, has on average reached 536MPa, than the rich 46MPa of standard; Elongation is controlled at 25%-32%, on average reaches 29%, than standard affluence 8%;-20 DEG C of V-type ballistic works are controlled at 150～320J, have on average reached 200J, and-40 DEG C of V-type ballistic works are controlled at 79～270J, have on average reached 152J, reach the level of Q345D completely.The thick Q345D of 60-80mm amounts to 20 batches, wherein: yield strength is controlled at 330～370MPa, has on average reached 345MPa, than the rich 30MPa of standard; Tensile strength is controlled at 530～560MPa, has on average reached 539MPa, than the rich 49MPa of standard; Elongation is controlled at 27%-31%, on average reaches 29.8%, than standard affluence 8.8%;-20 DEG C of V-type ballistic works are controlled at 81～155J, have on average reached 116J, and-40 DEG C of V-type ballistic works are controlled at 65～108J, have on average reached 80J, reach the level of Q345D completely.Result shows, the low-alloy Q345D slab of this exploitation has reached performance requriements.
Outer inspection and flaw detection: the steel plate of developing is examined outward, the percentage of A-class goods 100%, detects a flaw by JB/T 2970-2004, and unification level rate is 60%, and closing three grades of rates is 100%, has reached desired result.
Claims (1)
1. the low-alloy Q345D slab that microalloy element is produced is not added in an employing, it is characterized in that: the chemical composition (unit that comprises following mass percent, wt%): (1) C:0.13, Si:0.30, Mn:1.15, P:0.020, S:0.05, Als:0.020, other is Fe and relict element, (2) C:0.19, Si:0.50, Mn:1.55, P:0.010, S:0.010, Als:0.040, other is Fe and relict element, or (3) C:0.16, Si:0.40, Mn:1.35, P≤0.015, S≤0.008, Als :≤0.030, other is Fe and relict element, carbon equivalent [Ceq=C+Mn/6+ (Cr+Mo+V)/5+ (Ni+Cu)/15] :≤0.46, institute
The production technique of microalloy element production low-alloy Q345D slab is not added in the employing of stating, comprises the steps,
A. Clean Steel water constituent design: on the composition basis of traditional Q 345D low alloy steel, smelt by Clean Steel, strictly control P, S content, do not add microalloy Nb, V, both ensure low-carbon-equivalent and the weldability of steel plate by carrying out strict TMCP rolling, ensured again Q345D obdurability coupling;
B. KR hot metal pretreatment: the molten iron that arrives at a station must be taken off front slag and take off rear slag, ensures liquid level thickness of slag layer≤20mm, and molten iron ensures molten iron S≤0.005% after KR stirring desulphurization, ensures desulfurization cycle≤21min, desulfurization temperature drop≤20 DEG C;
C. converter smelting: enter stove molten iron S≤0.005%, P≤0.080%, molten iron temperature >=1250 DEG C, press ± 1t of molten iron Intake Quantity error controls, steel scrap strictly adopts high-quality scrap stock, process rifle position by early stage 1.0-1.3m, mid-term 1.2-1.6m, later stage 1.0-1.1m control, slag making basicity R presses 2.5-4.0 and controls, tapping target P≤0.015%, C >=0.05%, S≤0.012%, in tapping process to Si-Al-Ba-Ca, manganeseirom, ferro-silicon and lime, fluorite in ladle; Tapping is front with slag tapping before floating plug gear, and tapping finishes the front necessary slag stop cone pushing off the slag that adopts, and ensures thickness of slag layer≤30mm, requires omnidistance Argon in converter tapping process;
D. Argon processing: the disposable aluminum steel that adds in argon station, requires strong Argon 3min, flow at argon station
200-500NL/min, molten steel face bore hole diameter control, must not be lower than 1570 DEG C from argon station temperature at 300～600mm;
E.LF refining: omnidistance Argon in refining process, add refining slag, basicity is pressed 4.0-6.0 and is controlled, refinement and deoxidation agent is with calcium carbide, aluminum shot, ferrosilicon powder is main, add-on is according to steel oxygen content in water and make white slag situation and add in right amount, heat-processed selects suitable electric current to heat according to rhythm is more than needed with temperature conditions, heat-up time is by twice control, one heating 7-12min, two heating 6-10min, in two heat-processedes, require according to slag making situation, add reductor, and require dry slag number of times to be greater than 6 times, before leaving from station, add silicon-calcium wire, before adding silicon-calcium wire, must close argon gas, 1565 ± 15 DEG C of upper steel temperature do not adopt vacuum outgas/1610 ± 15 DEG C to adopt vacuum outgas,
F.VD refining: VD vacuum tightness must reach below 67Pa, dwell time is necessary >=15min, soft blow 2-5min or do not blow after vacuum breaker, in soft blow process, molten steel must not be exposed, the normal online bag pumpdown time: vacuumize front liquid steel temperature-target temperature/1.7min leaving from station, insulating covering agent, ensures to be paved with molten steel face, before adding insulating covering agent, must close argon gas, 1565 ± 15 DEG C of upper steel temperature;
G. continuous casting: ensure that casting machine status of equipment is good before watering steel, 15 ± 10 DEG C of middle bag superheating temperature, pulling rate: 0.7m/min, specific water: 0.80L/ ㎏, electricity stirs: 900A, 5Hz, 30s-3-30s, continuous-casting steel pouring requires whole process protection casting, unwrap greatly to water in rear 1min and must overlap protective tube, in middle bag casting process, must ensure not show of molten steel face, in steel pouring process, rationally control stopper Argon amount, guarantee liquid level fluctuation of crystallizer is slight, after strand rolls off the production line, requires cooling in heap >=12h;
H. heating: Heating temperature and heat-up time are as follows: preheating section temperature 900-1000 DEG C, heating zone temperature 1220-1240 DEG C, holding-zone temperature 1200-1220 DEG C, rate of heating 10-13min/cm;
I. controlled rolling and controlled cooling: first stage start rolling temperature is controlled between 1000～1200 DEG C, adopts high temperature low speed to depress greatly rolling, and reduction in pass is not less than 20mm; In the time that temperature is not less than 1000 DEG C, stop rolling the steel that dries in the air, the steel thickness that dries in the air is 2.5-3 times of finished product thickness; In the time that rolled piece temperature is less than 880 DEG C, start subordinate phase rolling, two-stage accumulative total deformation rate >=60%, finishing temperature is controlled at 780～840 DEG C; After rolling, adopt ACC control cold, final cooling temperature is controlled between 650～700 DEG C, is then sent to straightener aligning;
J. cooling in heap: adopt high temperature cooling in heap technique can effectively avoid the unrelieved stress because of quick cooling generation, can greatly reduce the content of hydrogen in steel plate simultaneously, fully realize thermal diffusion effect, improve steel plate inspection defect, steel plate stacking retarded cooling process is as follows; Stacking slow cooling temperature is not less than 400 DEG C, and heap cool time is controlled at 24 hours.
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