CN102080181A - Low-alloy Q345D thick plate produced without adding micro-alloy elements and production method thereof - Google Patents
Low-alloy Q345D thick plate produced without adding micro-alloy elements and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a low-alloy Q345D thick plate produced without adding micro-alloy elements and a production method thereof. The method disclosed by the invention is characterized in that on the premise of not adopting vacuum decarburization equipment such as an RH and the like, through using the existing equipment such as a VD (vacuum degasser) and the like of enterprises, the requirements for smelting low-carbon steel plates and extreme low carbon steel plates are met, therefore, under the condition that the profits of the enterprises at the present stage are not high, a heavy investment in large-scale equipment replacement and remodeling is avoided, thereby saving the investment for the enterprises, completely using the existing equipment of the enterprises, greatly reducing the capital investment of the enterprises at the present stage, and providing abundant preparation time for equipment replacement after the market situation takes a favorable turn in the future and the profits of the enterprises are improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Heavy Plate Production Technology field, be specifically related to a kind of employing and do not add microalloy element production low-alloy Q345D slab and production method thereof.
Background technology
Current international financial crisis has caused bigger impact to Iron and Steel Enterprises in China; particularly the plate of moderate thickness industry of steel mill is the comparatively serious industry that is hit; for tackling the disadvantageous effect that international financial crisis brings; accelerate restructuring; promote industrial upgrading; realize low cost strategy, strengthen enterprise competitiveness and have a very important role.Under current environment, the production of low-alloy Q345D steel plate adds price high microalloy element Nb, V usually again, has improved the production cost of enterprise; be unfavorable for cost efficiency; be unfavorable for tackling the disadvantageous effect that international financial crisis brings, realize low cost strategy, strengthen enterprise competitiveness
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind ofly reduce cost, the simple employing of technology do not add microalloy element and produces low-alloy Q345D slab and production method thereof.
A kind of employing is not added microalloy element and is produced low-alloy Q345D slab, comprise following chemical components in mass percent (unit, wt%): C :≤0.19, Si :≤0.50, Mn:1.05～1.60, P≤0.020, S≤0.010, Als :≤0.050, other is Fe and relict element;
Carbon equivalent [Ceq=C+Mn/6+ (Cr+Mo+V)/5+ (Ni+Cu)/15] :≤0.46.
The production technique that microalloy element is produced low-alloy Q345D slab is not added in above-mentioned employing, comprises the steps,
A. Clean Steel water constituent design: on the composition basis of traditional Q 345D low alloy steel, smelt by Clean Steel, strict control P, S content do not add microalloy Nb, V, by carrying out strict rolling low-carbon-equivalent and the weldability that had both guaranteed steel plate of TMCP, ensure Q345D obdurability coupling again;
The b.KR hot metal pretreatment: before the molten iron that arrives at a station must be taken off slag with take off the back slag, guarantee liquid level thickness of slag layer≤20mm, molten iron guarantees molten iron S≤0.005% after the KR stirring desulphurization, assurance desulfurization cycle≤21min, desulfurization temperature drop≤20 ℃;
C. converter smelting: go into stove molten iron S≤0.005%, P≤0.080%, molten iron temperature 〉=1250 ℃, molten iron Intake Quantity error is controlled by ± 1t, the strict high-quality scrap stock that adopt of steel scrap, process rifle position is by early stage 1.0-1.3m, mid-term 1.2-1.6m, later stage 1.0-1.1m control, slag making basicity R presses 2.5-4.0 control, tapping target P≤0.015%, C 〉=0.05%, S≤0.012%, in the tapping process in ladle Si-Al-Ba-Ca, manganeseirom, ferro-silicon and lime, fluorite; With slag tapping before the floating plug retaining, must adopt the slag stop cone pushing off the slag before tapping finishes before the tapping, guarantee thickness of slag layer≤30mm, require omnidistance Argon in the converter tapping process;
D. Argon is handled: the disposable adding aluminum steel in argon station, require strong Argon 3min at the argon station, and flow 200-500NL/min, molten steel face bore hole diameter is controlled at 300～600mm, must not be lower than 1570 ℃ from argon station temperature;
E.LF refining: omnidistance Argon in the refining process, add refining slag, basicity is pressed 4.0-6.0 control, the refinement and deoxidation agent is with calcium carbide, aluminum shot, ferrosilicon powder is main, add-on is according to oxygen level in the molten steel and make the white slag situation and add in right amount, heat-processed selects suitable electric current to heat according to rhythm is more than needed with temperature conditions, heat-up time is by twice control, one heating 7-12min, two heating 6-10min, require in two heat-processedes according to the slag making situation, add reductor, and require the dry slag number of times greater than 6 times, add silicon-calcium wire before leaving from station, must close argon gas, 1565 ± 15 ℃ of last steel temperature (not adopting vacuum outgas)/1610 ± 15 ℃ (employing vacuum outgas) before adding silicon-calcium wire;
The f.VD refining: VD vacuum tightness must reach below the 67Pa, and the dwell time is necessary 〉=15min, soft blow 2-5min or do not blow behind the vacuum breaker, and molten steel must not expose in the soft blow process.The normal online bag pumpdown time: (vacuumizing preceding liquid steel temperature-target temperature leaving from station)/1.7min.Insulating covering agent guarantees to be paved with the molten steel face, must close argon gas, 1565 ± 15 ℃ of last steel temperature before adding insulating covering agent;
G. continuous casting: guarantee that the casting machine status of equipment is good before watering steel, 15 ± 10 ℃ of middle bag superheating temperature, pulling rate: 0.7m/min, specific water: 0.80L/kg, electricity stirs: 900A, 5Hz, 30s-3-30s, continuous-casting steel pouring requires the whole process protection casting, unwrap greatly and water necessary cover protective tube in the 1min of back, must guarantee not show of molten steel face in the middle bag casting process, rationally control stopper Argon amount in the steel pouring process, the assurance liquid level fluctuation of crystallizer is slight, requires cooling in heap 〉=12h after strand rolls off the production line;
H. heating: Heating temperature and heat-up time are as follows: 900-1000 ℃ of preheating section temperature, 1220-1240 ℃ of heating zone temperature, 1200-1220 ℃ of holding-zone temperature, rate of heating 10-13min/cm;
I. controlled rolling and controlled cooling: the fs start rolling temperature is controlled between 1000～1200 ℃, and it is rolling to adopt high temperature low speed to depress greatly, and reduction in pass is not less than 20mm; When temperature is not less than 1000 ℃, stop rolling the steel that dries in the air, the steel thickness that dries in the air is 2.5-3 times of finished product thickness; When rolled piece temperature during less than 880 ℃, the beginning subordinate phase is rolling, two-stage accumulative total deformation rate 〉=60%, and finishing temperature is controlled at 780～840 ℃; The rolling back that finishes adopts the ACC control cold, and final cooling temperature is controlled between 650～700 ℃, is sent to the straightener aligning then;
J. cooling in heap technology
Adopt high temperature cooling in heap technology can effectively avoid to reduce the content of hydrogen in the steel plate simultaneously greatly, fully realize thermal diffusion effect, improve the steel plate inspection defective because of cooling off the unrelieved stress that produces fast.Steel plate stacking slow cooling technology is as follows; The stacking slow cooling temperature is not less than 400 ℃, and the cooling in heap time was controlled at 24 hours.
For achieving the above object, on the composition basis of original Q345D low alloy steel, suitably adjust the content composition and division in a proportion example of C, Mn among the Q345D, and P, S etc. influence the harmful element content of steel plate plasticity and toughness in the simultaneously strict control steel, and then do not add price high microalloy element Nb, V etc., thereby guaranteed the ballistic work of Q345D steel plate, guaranteed the intensity and the plasticity coupling of steel plate simultaneously again.
Technical process of the present invention from obtain high-quality molten iron, KR hot metal pretreatment, 100/120 ton of top and bottom combined blown converter, the refining of LF stove, vacuum outgas processing, strand cooling in heap 12-60 hour, pusher-type furnace, 3800m milling train, the cooling of ACC laminar flow, 11 roller thermal straightening machines, cooling in heap, finishing, outside the warehouse-in of examining, detect a flaw.In the smelting process, P (phosphorus), S harmful elements such as (sulphur) guarantee that the purity of molten steel reaches the Clean Steel level substantially in the strict control steel.In follow-up rolling heat-processed, thick for preventing inside steel billet crystal grain, suitably reduce Heating temperature, be steel billet crystal grain thinning establish a firm foundation in the operation of rolling.In the operation of rolling,, can guarantee Q345D plate property demand by adopting domestic advanced person's TMCP rolling technique.In conjunction with the steel-making chemical ingredients, through theoretical calculation, the recrystallize final temperature of steel is 895 ℃, thick for preventing mixed crystal and crystal grain, therefore designing it treats that temperature is dried in the air and begins finish rolling below the steel to 880 ℃, the steel gauge control of drying in the air at the 2.5-3 of finished product thickness doubly, for finish rolling stage accumulative total deflection and crystal grain thinning, dislocations strengthening lay the foundation; As slow cooling easily makes grain growth after rolling, and the alloy solid solution amounts such as C, Mn in the tissue are limited, therefore will control suitable speed of cooling.In order to obtain good comprehensive mechanical property, according to the difference of thickness of slab, roll the back and adopt different laminar flow coolings, by adjusting cooling manifold group number, guarantee to return red temperature between 650～700 ℃.Compare with traditional Q345D, under the constant situation of carbon equivalent, do not add valuable alloys such as Nb, V, guarantee the every performance index of Q345D, greatly reduce production cost.
Embodiment
Embodiment one:
A kind of employing is not added microalloy element and is produced low-alloy Q345D slab, comprise following chemical components in mass percent (unit, wt%): C:0.13, Si:0.30, Mn:1.15, P:0.020, S:0.05, Als:0.020, other is Fe and relict element;
Embodiment two:
A kind of employing is not added microalloy element and is produced low-alloy Q345D slab, comprise following chemical components in mass percent (unit, wt%): C:0.19, Si:0.50, Mn:1.55, P:0.010, S:0.010, Als:0.040, other is Fe and relict element;
Embodiment three:
A kind of employing is not added microalloy element and is produced low-alloy Q345D slab, comprise following chemical components in mass percent (unit, wt%): C:0.16, Si:0.40, Mn:1.35, P≤0.015, S≤0.008, Als :≤0.030, other is Fe and relict element; 2, KR hot metal pretreatment technology: before the molten iron that arrives at a station must be taken off slag with take off the back slag, guarantee liquid level thickness of slag layer≤20mm, molten iron guarantees molten iron S≤0.005% after the KR stirring desulphurization, assurance desulfurization cycle≤21min, desulfurization temperature drop≤20 ℃.3, converter smelting process: go into stove molten iron S≤0.005%, P≤0.080%, molten iron temperature 〉=1250 ℃, molten iron Intake Quantity error is controlled by ± 1t, the strict high-quality scrap stock that adopt of steel scrap, process rifle position is by early stage 1.0-1.3m, mid-term 1.2-1.6m, later stage 1.0-1.1m control, slag making basicity R presses 2.5-4.0 control, tapping target P≤0.015%, C 〉=0.05%, S≤0.012%, in the tapping process in ladle Si-Al-Ba-Ca, manganeseirom, ferro-silicon and lime, fluorite.With slag tapping before the floating plug retaining, must adopt the slag stop cone pushing off the slag before tapping finishes before the tapping, guarantee thickness of slag layer≤30mm, require omnidistance Argon in the converter tapping process.4, argon blowing process: the disposable adding aluminum steel in argon station, require strong Argon 3min at the argon station, flow 200-500NL/min, molten steel face bore hole diameter is controlled at 300～600mm, must not be lower than 1570 ℃ from argon station temperature.5, LF refinery practice: omnidistance Argon in the refining process, Argon intensity is regulated according to different link needs.Add refining slag, basicity press 4.0-6.0 and is controlled, and the refinement and deoxidation agent is based on calcium carbide, aluminum shot, ferrosilicon powder, and add-on is according to oxygen level in the molten steel and make the white slag situation and add in right amount.Heat-processed selects suitable electric current to heat according to rhythm is more than needed with temperature conditions, heat-up time, one heating 7-12min, two heating 6-10min required in two heat-processedes according to the slag making situation by twice control, add reductor, and require the dry slag number of times greater than 6 times.Add silicon-calcium wire before leaving from station, must close argon gas, 1565 ± 15 ℃ of last steel temperature (not adopting vacuum outgas)/1610 ± 15 ℃ (employing vacuum outgas) before adding silicon-calcium wire.6, VD refinery practice: VD vacuum tightness must reach below the 67Pa, and the dwell time is necessary 〉=15min, soft blow 2-5min or do not blow behind the vacuum breaker, and molten steel must not expose in the soft blow process.The normal online bag pumpdown time: (vacuumizing preceding liquid steel temperature-target temperature leaving from station)/1.7min.Insulating covering agent guarantees to be paved with the molten steel face, must close argon gas, 1565 ± 15 ℃ of last steel temperature before adding insulating covering agent.7, continuous casting process: guarantee that the casting machine status of equipment is good before watering steel; 15 ± 10 ℃ of middle bag superheating temperature; pulling rate: 0.7m/min; specific water: 0.80L/kg; electricity stirs: 900A, 5Hz, 30s-3-30s; continuous-casting steel pouring requires the whole process protection casting, unwraps greatly and waters necessary cover protective tube in the 1min of back, must guarantee not show of molten steel face in the middle bag casting process.Rationally control stopper Argon amount in the steel pouring process, guarantee that liquid level fluctuation of crystallizer is slight.After rolling off the production line, strand requires cooling in heap 〉=12h.8, heating: Heating temperature and heat-up time are as follows: 900-1000 ℃ of preheating section temperature, 1220-1240 ℃ of heating zone temperature, 1200-1220 ℃ of holding-zone temperature, rate of heating 10-13min/cm; 9, controlled rolling and controlled cooling:: in conjunction with the steel-making chemical ingredients, through theoretical calculation, the recrystallize final temperature of steel is 895 ℃, and is thick for preventing mixed crystal and crystal grain, therefore designs it and treats that temperature is dried in the air and begin finish rolling below the steel to 880 ℃.The steel gauge control of drying in the air at the 2.5-3 of finished product thickness doubly, for finish rolling stage accumulative total deflection and crystal grain thinning, dislocations strengthening lay the foundation;
As slow cooling easily makes grain growth after rolling, and the alloy solid solution amounts such as C, Mn in the tissue are limited, therefore will control suitable speed of cooling.In order to obtain good comprehensive mechanical property, according to the difference of thickness of slab, roll the back and adopt different laminar flow coolings, by adjusting cooling manifold group number, guarantee to return red temperature between 650～700 ℃.
Cooling controlling and rolling controlling process is as follows:
The fs start rolling temperature is controlled between 1000～1200 ℃, and it is rolling to adopt high temperature low speed to depress greatly, and reduction in pass is not less than 20mm; When temperature is not less than 1000 ℃, stop rolling the steel that dries in the air, the steel thickness that dries in the air is 2.5-3 times of finished product thickness; When rolled piece temperature during less than 880 ℃, the beginning subordinate phase is rolling, two-stage accumulative total deformation rate 〉=60%, and finishing temperature is controlled at 780～840 ℃; The rolling back that finishes adopts the ACC control cold, and final cooling temperature is controlled between 650～700 ℃, is sent to the straightener aligning then.
10, cooling in heap technology: adopt high temperature cooling in heap technology can effectively avoid to reduce the content of hydrogen in the steel plate simultaneously greatly, fully realize thermal diffusion effect, improve the steel plate inspection defective because of cooling off the unrelieved stress that produces fast.Steel plate stacking slow cooling technology is as follows; The stacking slow cooling temperature is not less than 400 ℃, and the cooling in heap time was controlled at 24 hours; Mechanical mechanics property is analyzed:
Composition and mechanical mechanics property are pressed GB/T1591-2008 and are carried out, and specifically see Table 1.
Table 1 Q345D steel plate mechanical mechanics property
The thick Q345D of this trial production 20-80mm amounts to 30 batches, and wherein: yield strength is controlled at 340～450MPa, has on average reached 375MPa, than the rich 40MPa of standard; Tensile strength is controlled at 500～590MPa, has on average reached 536MPa, than the rich 46MPa of standard; Elongation is controlled at 25%-32%, on average reaches 29%, than standard affluence 8%;-20 ℃ of V-type ballistic works are controlled at 150～320J, have on average reached 200J, and-40 ℃ of V-type ballistic works are controlled at 79～270J, have on average reached 152J, reach the level of Q345D fully.The thick Q345D of 60-80mm amounts to 20 batches, and wherein: yield strength is controlled at 330～370MPa, has on average reached 345MPa, than the rich 30MPa of standard; Tensile strength is controlled at 530～560MPa, has on average reached 539MPa, than the rich 49MPa of standard; Elongation is controlled at 27%-31%, on average reaches 29.8%, than standard affluence 8.8%;-20 ℃ of V-type ballistic works are controlled at 81～155J, have on average reached 116J, and-40 ℃ of V-type ballistic works are controlled at 65～108J, have on average reached 80J, reach the level of Q345D fully.The result shows that the low-alloy Q345D slab of this exploitation has reached performance requriements.
Outer inspection and flaw detection: the steel plate of being developed is examined outward, and the percentage of A-class goods 100% is detected a flaw by JB/T 2970-2004, and unification level rate is 60%, and closing three grades of rates is 100%, has reached desired result.
Claims (3)
1. microalloy element production low-alloy Q345D slab is not added in an employing, it is characterized in that: (unit, wt%): C :≤0.19, Si :≤0.50, Mn:1.05～1.60, P≤0.020, S≤0.010, Als :≤0.050, other is Fe and relict element to comprise following chemical components in mass percent.
2. employing as claimed in claim 1 is not added microalloy element and is produced low-alloy Q345D slab, it is characterized in that: carbon equivalent [Ceq=C+Mn/6+ (Cr+Mo+V)/5+ (Ni+Cu)/15] :≤0.46.
3. the production technique that microalloy element is produced low-alloy Q345D slab is not added in employing as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: comprise the steps,
A. Clean Steel water constituent design: on the composition basis of traditional Q 345D low alloy steel, smelt by Clean Steel, strict control P, S content do not add microalloy Nb, V, by carrying out strict rolling low-carbon-equivalent and the weldability that had both guaranteed steel plate of TMCP, ensure Q345D obdurability coupling again;
The b.KR hot metal pretreatment: before the molten iron that arrives at a station must be taken off slag with take off the back slag, guarantee liquid level thickness of slag layer≤20mm, molten iron guarantees molten iron S≤0.005% after the KR stirring desulphurization, assurance desulfurization cycle≤21min, desulfurization temperature drop≤20 ℃;
C. converter smelting: go into stove molten iron S≤0.005%, P≤0.080%, molten iron temperature 〉=1250 ℃, molten iron Intake Quantity error is controlled by ± 1t, the strict high-quality scrap stock that adopt of steel scrap, process rifle position is by early stage 1.0-1.3m, mid-term 1.2-1.6m, later stage 1.0-1.1m control, slag making basicity R presses 2.5-4.0 control, tapping target P≤0.015%, C 〉=0.05%, S≤0.012%, in the tapping process in ladle Si-Al-Ba-Ca, manganeseirom, ferro-silicon and lime, fluorite; With slag tapping before the floating plug retaining, must adopt the slag stop cone pushing off the slag before tapping finishes before the tapping, guarantee thickness of slag layer≤30mm, require omnidistance Argon in the converter tapping process;
D. Argon is handled: the disposable adding aluminum steel in argon station, require strong Argon 3min at the argon station, and flow 200-500NL/min, molten steel face bore hole diameter is controlled at 300～600mm, must not be lower than 1570 ℃ from argon station temperature;
E.LF refining: omnidistance Argon in the refining process, add refining slag, basicity is pressed 4.0-6.0 control, the refinement and deoxidation agent is with calcium carbide, aluminum shot, ferrosilicon powder is main, add-on is according to oxygen level in the molten steel and make the white slag situation and add in right amount, heat-processed selects suitable electric current to heat according to rhythm is more than needed with temperature conditions, heat-up time is by twice control, one heating 7-12min, two heating 6-10min, require in two heat-processedes according to the slag making situation, add reductor, and require the dry slag number of times greater than 6 times, add silicon-calcium wire before leaving from station, must close argon gas, 1565 ± 15 ℃ of last steel temperature (not adopting vacuum outgas)/1610 ± 15 ℃ (employing vacuum outgas) before adding silicon-calcium wire;
The f.VD refining: VD vacuum tightness must reach below the 67Pa, and the dwell time is necessary 〉=15min, soft blow 2-5min or do not blow behind the vacuum breaker, and molten steel must not expose in the soft blow process.The normal online bag pumpdown time: (vacuumizing preceding liquid steel temperature-target temperature leaving from station)/1.7min.Insulating covering agent guarantees to be paved with the molten steel face, must close argon gas, 1565 ± 15 ℃ of last steel temperature before adding insulating covering agent;
G. continuous casting: guarantee that the casting machine status of equipment is good before watering steel, 15 ± 10 ℃ of middle bag superheating temperature, pulling rate: 0.7m/min, specific water: 0.80L/kg, electricity stirs: 900A, 5Hz, 30s-3-30s, continuous-casting steel pouring requires the whole process protection casting, unwrap greatly and water necessary cover protective tube in the 1min of back, must guarantee not show of molten steel face in the middle bag casting process, rationally control stopper Argon amount in the steel pouring process, the assurance liquid level fluctuation of crystallizer is slight, requires cooling in heap 〉=12h after strand rolls off the production line;
H. heating: Heating temperature and heat-up time are as follows: 900-1000 ℃ of preheating section temperature, 1220-1240 ℃ of heating zone temperature, 1200-1220 ℃ of holding-zone temperature, rate of heating 10-13min/cm;
I. controlled rolling and controlled cooling: the fs start rolling temperature is controlled between 1000～1200 ℃, and it is rolling to adopt high temperature low speed to depress greatly, and reduction in pass is not less than 20mm; When temperature is not less than 1000 ℃, stop rolling the steel that dries in the air, the steel thickness that dries in the air is 2.5-3 times of finished product thickness; When rolled piece temperature during less than 880 ℃, the beginning subordinate phase is rolling, two-stage accumulative total deformation rate 〉=60%, and finishing temperature is controlled at 780～840 ℃; The rolling back that finishes adopts the ACC control cold, and final cooling temperature is controlled between 650～700 ℃, is sent to the straightener aligning then;
J. cooling in heap: adopt high temperature cooling in heap technology can effectively avoid the unrelieved stress that produces because of cooling fast, the while can be reduced the content of hydrogen in the steel plate greatly, fully realizes thermal diffusion effect, improves the steel plate inspection defective.Steel plate stacking slow cooling technology is as follows; The stacking slow cooling temperature is not less than 400 ℃, and the cooling in heap time was controlled at 24 hours.
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