CN102040428B - Red date thick rotten disease preventing agent and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Red date thick rotten disease preventing agent and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a red date thick rotten disease preventing agent and a preparation method thereof. The red date thick rotten disease preventing agent is compounded from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-50 parts of calcium polysulfide, 5-20 parts of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, 2-7 parts of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and 2-10 parts of water. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) dissolving sodium carboxymethyl cellulose in water in a container; (2) orderly adding calcium polysulfide mother liquor and nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer into another container, and slowly heating to 40-50 DEG C while stirring until the calcium polysulfide mother liquor becomes clear; and (3) adding the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose water solution in step (1) into the clear calcium polysulfide mother liquor in step (2), stopping heating, and stirring to normal temperature. The red date thick rotten disease preventing agent is convenient to apply, has obvious prevention and control effect, and has the advantage of no pollution; and the preparation method is simple, and has the advantages of accessible raw materials and low cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field that fruit or vegetables are handled, mashed agent of the anti-slurry of especially a kind of red date and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
The red date rotting fruit disease is a kind of new disease, and the fruit pathogenic bacterium have only the harm of small part bacterium, belong to fungoid disease substance disease mostly, in case these germ living environments are suitable, will fall ill produces a large amount of slurry decayed fruits.Find that by field investigation the germ of red date rotting fruit disease belongs to weak bacterial parasite, its pathogenesis is mainly: 1) orchard worker is for devoting exclusive attention to output, and the excessive nitrogenous fertilizer that enriches causes the excessive growth of tree body, tree vigo(u)r weak, the ability reduction of disease and insect resistance; 2) the jujube tree plantation is overstocked, and the field shade density increase, and ventilation and penetrating light is bad, and jujube garden atmospheric moisture is excessive, takes place and help disease.It is comparatively general that the red date rotting fruit disease takes place, paathogenic factor is extensive, latent period is long, the course of disease slowly, easily out in the cold, if meet the special meteorology time, even destructive disease can take place and have no harvest.
In order to prevent and treat the red date rotting fruit disease, used a large amount of sterilant such as derosal, thiophanate methyl, living greatly M-45, fluzilazol, tebuconazole, own azoles alcohol, alkene azoles alcohol to prevent and treat in the production, prevention effect is comparatively desirable, but after using several years, germ promptly produces resistance and prevention effect decline, makes the fruit tree management personnel have a headache very much.2000-2004 investigates the pathogenesis and the underproduction situation of red date rotting, found that: the general time is because red date rotting fruit disease underproduction 15-30%, outbreak year underproduction 50-70%, and the total crop failure of indivedual peasant households, and should the trend that rise year by year be arranged the disease sickness rate.In investigation, also find the experience of a small amount of orchard worker according to the management apple tree, used lime sulfur mixture dexterously, they adhere to before the annual rudiment in spring and spray the 3-5 Baume Lime Sulphur behind the fall foliage, because lime sulfur mixture not only sterilization but also deinsectization, through this agent of use over a long time, the jujube tree under the more peripheral identical land occupation condition of the fruit of these peasant households is planted family output height, the slurry decayed fruit is few, the fruit quality is better.But because lime sulfur mixture is a strong basicity, can only use, use the 3-5 Baume Lime Sulphur summer, can produce serious poisoning, make the death of tree body drop leaf in winter, two seasons of spring; Summer, spendable concentration was the 0.3-0.5 Baume Lime Sulphur, and this concentration insect pests effect on fruit tree is bad even invalid.Use high density lime sulfur mixture prevention effect desirable but easily produce poisoning, and can not use in the fruit tree growth phase, good medicament but is subjected to the restriction of duration of service, and this is that agriculture technical staff and orchard worker think long and hard for a long time, always issue to be resolved.
Summary of the invention
That the technical problem to be solved in the present invention provides is that all can spray a kind of whole year, mashed agent of the anti-slurry of remarkable, the non-harmful red date of prevention effect and preparation method thereof.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is: the mashed agent of the anti-slurry of a kind of red date is mixed by the raw material of following weight parts and forms: lime sulfur mixture 15-50, n-p-k three elements composite fertilizer 5-20, Xylo-Mucine 2-7 and water 2-10; The gross weight content of nitrogen phosphorus potassium is 45%-49% in the described n-p-k three elements composite fertilizer.
The mashed agent of the anti-slurry of above-mentioned red date is prepared according to following step:
1. Xylo-Mucine is used water dissolution in a container, get the aqueous solution of Xylo-Mucine;
2. in another container, add lime sulfur mixture and n-p-k three elements composite fertilizer successively, then under agitation, slowly be heated to 40-50 ℃, become clarification until lime sulfur mixture;
3. with step 1. in the aqueous solution of Xylo-Mucine be added to step and become in the clarifying lime sulfur mixture in 2., stop heating, be stirred to normal temperature, promptly get the anti-slurry of red date and rot agent.
The effect of each component is as follows among the present invention:
Lime sulfur mixture: lime sulfur mixture is that a kind of cheap wide-spectrum bactericide has mite and parasiticidal effect extremely concurrently, and life-time service does not have resistance, for many years, is the common pesticides on the fruit tree always.Can effectively prevent and treat disease and pests such as canker, ring spot, early defoliation disease and red spider on the fruit tree, green plant bug silk worm, scale insect.Its main component is a calcium polysulfide, and is very easily water-soluble, and strong basicity has the ability of infiltration and erosion germ cell and insect body wall, can form one deck medicine film on the plant materials surface and shield, so plant premorbid or their early stage spraying effect the best.
N-p-k three elements composite fertilizer: nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium element are the necessary for plant growth nutritive elements, these nutritive elements play conclusive effect to promoting plant soma division, proteinic increase synthetic and output, and the reasonable equilibrium of nutrition can make the effect of each composition perform to the best.Solution is acid after the hydrolysis of n-p-k three elements composite fertilizer, uses proportioning of the present invention, the drug effect of lime sulfur mixture and the fertilizer efficiency of n-p-k three elements composite fertilizer is not all subtracted, and synergism is arranged.
Xylo-Mucine: have the effect of film forming, thickening, water conservation, slowly-releasing, use as the film forming sustained release dosage in the present invention.Because of it is acid, carry out neutralization reaction with n-p-k three elements composite fertilizer is common with lime sulfur mixture, product of the present invention is reached or, in annual whole growing, all can use near neutrality.
The present invention is owing to added Xylo-Mucine, spray the back and form one deck protective drug film at fruit surface, this medicine film has stoped part bacterium and the direct contacting fruit epidermic cell of fungal spore, causal organism can not be finished infection processs, to making the causal organism spore owing to the change of environment can not be sprouted and dehydration death; Moreover the pathogenic bacteria to having infected, the influence of medicine film makes the temperature at the susceptible position of fruit, humidity that variation take place, and these variations have changed the living environment of pathogenic bacteria, cause pathogenic bacteria can not finish the pathology program and the death that loses activity.
Medicament diluent of the present invention can absorb moisture and carbon dioxide in air and its generation chemical reaction in the fruit scab after spraying application to the tree body, causes the mashed cause of disease mycelia dehydration of jujube pulp dead.
Residues such as the nitrogen after medicament sprays, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, sulphur are essential macroelement of fruit tree growth and moderate-element, after the tree bulk absorption, tree vigo(u)r strengthens, especially after calcium ion is absorbed by plant materials, combine the formation calcium pectinate with the fruit pectin substance, the elasticity of cellular plasm strengthens, and the physiological disease of date fruit (dehiscent fruit) reduces, and resistance against diseases improves.
The prevention effect of medicament of the present invention is described with simultaneous test below.
Simultaneous test one
The prevention effect of clear water, 0.4 and 1 Baume Lime Sulphur and medicament of the present invention is made comparisons.
The weight part proportioning of medicament of the present invention: 30 parts of lime sulfur mixtures, 10 parts of n-p-k three elements composite fertilizers, 10 parts in 3 parts of Xylo-Mucines and water.Spraying is used on jujube tree.Carry out in the jujube garden that test is 120 hectares in Bai Xing village village, Huaihe River town, Xian County, Hebei,, when weather is fine, get 500 milliliters of medicaments of the present invention, add water 50kg, respectively the test tree is carried out spraying the first time medicine since late June.After 4 o'clock or carry out in the past 9 o'clock mornings, medicament sprayed (after meeting overcast and rainy spray date mistake) in per 15 days 1 time in the afternoon, sprayed medicine to mid-September and finished, with the individual plant is the sub-district, and series arrangement repeats 3 times, be assurance spray medicine quality, should be sprayed onto the interior outer leafs of tree hall and only will drip, spray altogether the whole year 6 times.Simultaneously with spray clear water, 0.4 Baume Lime Sulphur and 1 Baume Lime Sulphur in contrast 1, contrast 2 and contrast 3.
From beginning on September 1, the 1 meter long unit branch in position, four directions, the picked at random four corners of the world is carried out mark, as investigation branch investigation slurry decayed fruit rate, and investigation in 5 days 1 time, early October is carried out test data analyzer behind the fruit harvesting, and test-results sees Table 1.
The prevention effect comparison of table 1 medicament of the present invention and clear water, 0.4 and 1 Baume Lime Sulphur
| ? | Investigation branch number/ | Total fruit number/ | Total slurry decayed fruit number/ | Slurry decayed fruit rate (%) |
| Medicament of the present invention | 4 | 915 | 85 | 9.3 |
| Contrast 1(spray clear water) | 4 | 577 | 218 | 37.8 |
| Contrast 2 | 4 | 581 | 185 | 31.8 |
| Contrast 3 | 4 | 0 | 0 | - |
As can be seen from Table 1, use the fruit of Chinese jujube slurry decayed fruit rate of 0.4 degree Beaume lime sulfur mixture (contrast 2) and compare, only reduce 6%, show that jujube tree sprays 0.4 degree Beaume lime sulfur mixture to preventing and treating that dehiscent fruit has certain effect but not obvious with clear water (contrast 1); 1 Baume Lime Sulphur (contrast 3), jujube tree has produced poisoning after spraying 5 days, on the tree really, leaf slowly comes off and increase the weight of gradually to the light that falls, this concentration is unavailable in summer; Adopt medicament of the present invention, the fruit slurry decayed fruit rate of red date reduces 28.5% than the clear water contrast, and the mashed effect of anti-slurry is fairly obvious.
Simultaneous test two
The prevention effect of medicament of the present invention and each single agent is made comparisons.
Contrast 4: the Xylo-Mucine pulvis poured into add entry in the container and stir, make its dissolving to form sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution, medicament 4 in contrast.
Contrast 5: in container, add lime sulfur mixture and n-p-k three elements composite fertilizer successively, slowly be heated to 40-50 ℃, constantly stir, Heating temperature is the highest not above 50 ℃, prevent that n-p-k three elements composite fertilizer from decomposing back nitrogen element volatilization, wait to be stirred to and be placed into normal temperature after lime sulfur mixture and n-p-k three elements composite fertilizer all become liquid, promptly make contrast medicament 5.
Contrast 6: take by weighing the nutriment composition and be 45% n-p-k three elements composite fertilizer 0.25kg and add water 50kg, wherein nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium weight ratio is 25:9:15, as to medicament 6.
Spray medicine according to the spray method in the simultaneous test one, and with simultaneous test one in the prevention effect of medicament of the present invention compare, referring to table 2.
The prevention effect comparative test result of table 2 the present invention and each single agent
| ? | Investigation branch number/ | Total fruit number/ | Total slurry decayed fruit number/ | Slurry decayed fruit rate (%) |
| Medicament of the present invention | 4 | 915 | 85 | 9.3 |
| Contrast 1(spray clear water) | 4 | 577 | 218 | 37.8 |
| Contrast 4 | 4 | 591 | 185 | 31.3 |
| Contrast 5 | 4 | 711 | 103 | 14.5 |
| Contrast 6 | 4 | 697 | 185 | 26.5 |
Table 2 is the result show: contrast medicament 4 adopts sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solutions, and its fruit of Chinese jujube slurry decayed fruit rate reduces 6.5% than the clear water contrast, shows that jujube tree sprays that the Xylo-Mucine film has certain effect to the control dehiscent fruit but not obvious; Lime sulfur mixture and the fertile mixture of n-p-k three elements are used in contrast 5, and the mashed rate of jujube pulp reduces 23.3% than the clear water contrast, and the mashed effect of anti-slurry is obvious, but higher by 5.2% than the mashed rate of slurry of the present invention medicament; Contrast 6 and spray jujube tree, supplementary fertilizer is carried out on the blade face, use that rear blade is glossy dark green, photosynthesis strengthens with n-p-k three elements composite fertilizer, jujube tree tree body stalwartness, resistance against diseases improves, but higher by 17.2% than the mashed rate of slurry of the present invention medicament.
Above data as can be seen, with the medicament for preparing behind Xylo-Mucine, lime sulfur mixture, n-p-k three elements composite fertilizer and the water thorough mixing, control red date rotting effect is best, prevention effect is apparently higher than each single agent.Find by experimental observation: medicament of the present invention is preserved 2 years prevention effect at normal temperatures and is not subtracted; And the agent of lime sulfur mixture list can not be exposed in the air for a long time, is exposed to for a long time in the air series reaction to take place with airborne oxygen, water, carbonic acid gas etc., forms trickle sulphur, lime carbonate, calcium sulfate precipitation and loses use value.
Simultaneous test three
Medicament of the present invention and derosal, thiophanate methyl, tebuconazole are compared in the mashed effect of the slurry of the control on the jujube tree: in Xian County, a Hebei Huaihe River Zhen Quan village in 150 hectares the jujube garden, choosing 40 years 30 identical strain jujube trees of students management tests, 5 processing are established in test, with 2 strains is a sub-district, series arrangement, repeat 3 times, spray altogether the whole year 6 times.Spraying method: 200 times of medicament dilutions of the present invention; 800 times of 80% ultra micro carbendazol wettable powder dilutions in contrast 7; 800 times of 70% thiophanate methyl wettable powder dilution agents in contrast 8; 800 times of 25% tebuconazole dilutions in contrast 9; Spray clear water in contrast 10.
Since July 15, when weather is fine, the test tree is carried out spraying the first time medicine.Spray date after 4 o'clock or carry out in the past 9 o'clock mornings, is to guarantee spray medicine quality in the afternoon, should be sprayed onto in the tree hall outer leafs and will drip and end, and medicament sprayed (after meeting overcast and rainy spray date mistake) in per 15 days 1 time, to September 15 the spray medicine finish.From beginning on September 1, the 1 meter long unit branch in position, four directions, the picked at random four corners of the world is carried out mark, as investigation branch investigation slurry decayed fruit rate, and investigation in 5 days 1 time, early October is carried out test data analyzer behind the fruit harvesting, and test-results sees Table 3.
Anti-mashed agent of the anti-slurry of table 3 red date of the present invention and the comparison test of common fungicide result of use
| Simultaneous test | Investigation branch number/ | Total fruit number/ | Total slurry decayed fruit number/ | Slurry decayed fruit rate/% |
| Medicament of the present invention | 24 | 2863 | 338 | 8.3 |
| Contrast 7 | 24 | 2679 | 569 | 21.2 |
| Contrast 8 | 24 | 2558 | 547 | 21.4 |
| Contrast 9 | 24 | 2786 | 347 | 12.5 |
| Contrast 10 | 24 | 2901 | 1125 | 38.8 |
The test-results of table 3 shows: the sterilant and contrast 10(spray clear water that spray different varieties on the jujube tree) compare, all can prevent and treat the slurry decayed fruit effectively, the mashed rate of jujube pulp that wherein sprays medicament of the present invention is 8.3%; Spraying the mashed rate of 25% tebuconazole jujube pulp is 12.5%, and comparison is according to 10(spray clear water respectively) the mashed rate of slurry reduce 30.5% and 26.3%, and both prevention effect are all significantly better than using 80% ultra micro carbendazol wettable powder and 70% thiophanate methyl wettable powder.This is because derosal and the thiophanate methyl use history surplus jujube district existing 20 year, and pathogenic bacteria produces resistance to it, prevention effect thereby not as anti-mashed agent of the anti-slurry of red date or tebuconazole.
Adopt the beneficial effect that technique scheme produced to be:
1. the invention provides a kind of whole jujube growth Ji Junke convert directly that water sprays can sterilization again can the mashed agent of the anti-slurry of parasiticidal broad-spectrum inorganic sulphur red date, life-time service medicament of the present invention does not worry that disease and pest develops immunity to drugs to it;
2. after product decomposed, the compound of elements such as lingering section nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, sulphur all was the fruit of plant, the nutritive ingredient that leaf can absorb, and can not produce environmental pollution;
3. medicament dispenser of the present invention is convenient, and is cheap, strong to germ lethality;
4. use through big area test in continuous 5 years and show: the mashed effect stability of this chemical control fruit slurry, the mashed rate of 5 annual fruits slurry is 10.5%, the mashed rate of slurry of contrast spray clear water is 52.7%, the mashed effect of anti-slurry is fairly obvious, the wherein big generation of Cangzhou, Hebei in 2007 Zao Qu thick rotten disease, test finds to spray medicament of the present invention, and the mashed rate of fruit slurry is 12.2%, and clear water contrast fruit of Chinese jujube dehiscent fruit rate is 72.9%;
5. find in test that jujube tree insect such as Lygus eucorum Meyer-Dur, scale insect, red spider etc. alleviate year by year, illustrate that the agent insecticidal effect of medicament of the present invention does not subtract.
Embodiment
Embodiment one
1. take by weighing Xylo-Mucine 3 weight parts, in container 1,, get the aqueous solution of Xylo-Mucine with the water dissolution of 10 weight parts;
2. in container 2, add 23 Baume Lime Sulphur, 30 weight parts, n-p-k three elements composite fertilizer 10 weight parts successively, then under agitation, slowly lime sulfur mixture and n-p-k three elements composite fertilizer are heated to 40-50 ℃, become clarification until lime sulfur mixture; Temperature is the highest in the heat-processed can not surpass 50 ℃, decomposes back nitrogen element volatilization to prevent n-p-k three elements composite fertilizer;
3. with step 1. in the aqueous solution of Xylo-Mucine be added to step and become in the clarifying lime sulfur mixture in 2., stop heating, be stirred to normal temperature, promptly get the anti-slurry of red date and rot agent.
Illustrate: the gross weight content of nitrogen phosphorus potassium is 45% in the described n-p-k three elements composite fertilizer.The weight ratio of described nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 25:9:10, and wherein nitrogen is in the nitrogen element, and phosphorus is in Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES, and potassium is in potassium oxide.
The using method of the mashed agent of the anti-slurry of above-mentioned red date: according to weight ratio dilute with water 100-300 doubly, spraying.
Embodiment 2-embodiment 4
The preparation method is identical with embodiment 1, and different is that raw material carries out proportioning according to the parts by weight in the table 4.
The weight part of each raw material among the table 4 embodiment 2-4
| ? | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Embodiment 4 |
| Lime sulfur mixture | 15 | 50 | 35 |
| Xylo-Mucine | 4 | 7 | 2 |
| N-p-k three elements composite fertilizer | 5 | 15 | 20 |
| Water | 8 | 10 | 2 |
Annotate: 1. the concentration of described lime sulfur mixture is 24 degree Beaume or 26 degree Beaume;
2. the gross weight content of nitrogen phosphorus potassium is 47% or 49% in the described n-p-k three elements composite fertilizer;
3. in the described n-p-k three elements composite fertilizer in the nitrogen phosphorus potassium weight ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium be 25:9:15.
Claims (2)
1. the mashed agent of the anti-slurry of a red date is characterized in that raw material by following weight parts is mixed to form: 23-26 Baume Lime Sulphur 15-50, n-p-k three elements composite fertilizer 5-20, Xylo-Mucine 2-7 and water 2-10; The gross weight content of nitrogen phosphorus potassium is 45%-49% in the described n-p-k three elements composite fertilizer.
2. the preparation method of the mashed agent of the anti-slurry of red date according to claim 1 is characterized in that carrying out according to following step:
1. Xylo-Mucine is used water dissolution in a container, get sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution;
2. in another container, add lime sulfur mixture and n-p-k three elements composite fertilizer successively, then under agitation, slowly be heated to 40-50 ℃, become clarification until lime sulfur mixture;
3. the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution of step in 1. is added to step and becomes in the clarifying lime sulfur mixture in 2., stop heating, be stirred to normal temperature, promptly get the anti-slurry of red date and rot agent.
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| CN2010105891108A CN102040428B (en) | 2010-12-15 | 2010-12-15 | Red date thick rotten disease preventing agent and preparation method thereof |
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| CN2010105891108A CN102040428B (en) | 2010-12-15 | 2010-12-15 | Red date thick rotten disease preventing agent and preparation method thereof |
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| CN102040428B true CN102040428B (en) | 2011-08-03 |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1047011A (en) * | 1989-05-09 | 1990-11-21 | 海城市农药助剂厂 | A kind of manufacturing process of neutral insecticides adjuvant |
| CN1468518A (en) * | 2002-07-19 | 2004-01-21 | 沧州市农林科学院 | Medicinal composition for preventing and controlling rot of filigree date |
| CN101189969A (en) * | 2006-11-29 | 2008-06-04 | 天津市世雄科技发展有限公司 | Specific tree therapeutic agent |
| KR100844060B1 (en) | 2007-01-31 | 2008-07-10 | 재단법인서울대학교산학협력재단 | Yellow soil finishing material using water born adhesive |
-
2010
- 2010-12-15 CN CN2010105891108A patent/CN102040428B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1047011A (en) * | 1989-05-09 | 1990-11-21 | 海城市农药助剂厂 | A kind of manufacturing process of neutral insecticides adjuvant |
| CN1468518A (en) * | 2002-07-19 | 2004-01-21 | 沧州市农林科学院 | Medicinal composition for preventing and controlling rot of filigree date |
| CN101189969A (en) * | 2006-11-29 | 2008-06-04 | 天津市世雄科技发展有限公司 | Specific tree therapeutic agent |
| KR100844060B1 (en) | 2007-01-31 | 2008-07-10 | 재단법인서울대학교산학협력재단 | Yellow soil finishing material using water born adhesive |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 尔吉辉等人.枣树优质丰产技术.《河北林业科技》.1999,(第三期),19－21. * |
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