CN102011401A - High-intensity prestressed concrete tubular pile lead hole hammering construction method for soft soil layer - Google Patents
High-intensity prestressed concrete tubular pile lead hole hammering construction method for soft soil layer Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-intensity prestressed concrete tubular pile lead hole hammering construction method for a soft soil layer. The method comprises the following construction steps of: measuring and positioning; performing lead hole construction by using a long twist drill; and constructing by using a guide-rod diesel hammer pile driver. The construction method solves the problems of low earth surface bearing capacity, inconvenient construction machinery, material processing and transportation, serious influence of weather and the like existing on a construction site. A pile foundation is manufactured without cast-in-place concrete, so that the defect of reaching design required intensity of a concrete pile foundation by waiting for about a month is overcome; and gas shielded welding is performed between pile sections, so that the shearing resistance of a weld position is enhanced. After all, the construction method fulfills the aims of shortening construction period, saving money and ensuring engineering quality and is particularly suitable for construction of soft soil layers with poor bearing force and prestressed tubular piles with earthquake-proof intensity of lower than grade 7. Of course, the construction method is widely applicable to construction of other floor civil buildings.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of soft soil layer pile base construction method.
Background technology
Existing soft soil layer pile base construction method comprises following working procedure:
1. long screw auger power traction hole construction;
2. hang in the construction of reinforcing cage in the hole;
3. the construction of concreting.
Though this job practices is reliable, efficiency of construction is lower, is especially needing to wait about one month time just can make concrete pipe base reach the intensity of designing requirement behind the concreting.
In recent years, along with developing rapidly of power industry, the flyash discharge value sharply increases.The flyash total amount that coal-fired thermal power factory is discharged increases the flyash stratum that accumulation has just formed this project scene year by year.Flyash stratum gray, canescence, bulk density 0.531～1.261g/cm3, compare with other soft soil layer, its density less and itself slightly or do not have a hydraulic gelling property, the hardening of easily hardening when the surface dehydration is dry, moisture content becomes greatly then in the pasty state, the full water of flyash and easily mobile when raining, very easily liquefaction of vibration slightly is so this job site exists geology soft, bearing capacity is less, construction machinery and transport of materials, processing inconvenience expends the duration, and construction speed is subjected to problems such as weather effect is bigger, adopt traditional job practices efficiency of construction low, can't satisfy Construction unit and try one's best the reduction of erection time so that the needs that put into production early.
The static pressed pile that adopt during existing prestressed concrete pipe pile driving construction more, this job practices has advantages such as noise is low, vibrations are little, no atmosphere pollution, but this job practices requires place topsoil pressure 〉=120kpa to the comparatively strictness of geologic requirements of job site.When construction ground was soft soil layer, the machine phenomenon took place to fall into easily; Simultaneously Static pressure pile driver volume, weight are bigger, in the construction, do not have the road of regular sclerosis to transport in the open air; Thereby, adopt the prestressed concrete pipe pile construction method of static pressed pile not to be suitable for soft soil layer.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of soft soil layer high strength prestressing concrete pile tube to draw drift and hit job practices, short construction period, efficient is higher.
For achieving the above object, soft soil layer high strength prestressing concrete pile tube of the present invention draws drift and hits job practices and comprise that according to sequence of construction the construction of measurement and positioning, long screw auger power traction hole, guide rod type diesel beat three steps such as ram machine construction; The measurement and positioning step is to re-use total powerstation to measure control point, concrete stake position on basis, GPS location, and protects at the control point concreting; At last, use transit and 50m steel ruler that each position is positioned synchronously with programming; Control stake is set near the piling construction zone is no less than 2 with bench mark, the control stake is operated place 40m at least with the position of bench mark apart from piling; The job step of each direction is provided with the stake of 4～5 axial line control stake axial line control and is arranged on apart from 5～10m place, stake position, with control pile foundation axis and absolute altitude; Long screw auger power traction hole construction sequence comprises three sub-steps, and first substep is that rig runs to the stake position, and the pointer of adjusting on the pile frame is aimed at " 0 " scale so that drill bit stake position; Second substep is to become 90 from the right opposite of rig with positive side
oThe good transit of corner bracket or line weigh down, and weigh down from two vertical direction according to transit or line again and adjust the borer drill rod verticality, perpendicularity deviation≤0.5%, and remain pile frame and stablize smooth; Drilling rod and casing gap≤20 millimeter; The 3rd substep is to adopt clearance-type to creep into method, promptly creeps into-sky bores-creep into and hocket, and rig is drilled into and emptyly after the degree of depth of designing requirement bores that to carry brill in one minute more complete to guarantee the pore-forming rule;
Guide rod type diesel is beaten the ram machine construction step and is comprised five sub-steps, and first substep is to make pile driver in place and carry out a stake repetition measurement according to the mark of measuring; Second substep is to lift the position, adopt the method for single-point lifting slowly pile cutoff to be risen by stake machine crane gear and winch to place, stake position, suspension centre is 0.297:0.703 apart from the ratio of pile cutoff upper and lower side distance, uses the auxiliary control of stay cord pile cutoff state in the lifting process, guarantees that pile cutoff is vertically in place; The 3rd substep is that both sides are provided with the steel bracket ceiling hammer near the stake machine, by the edge two-way control pile cutoff verticality of two vertical direction of pile cutoff, adjusts the stake machine during run-off the straight to guarantee the verticality of pile cutoff; The 4th substep is a pile extension, before the welding upper and lower pile cutoff junction is coincide together and centering connects directly, proofread and correct the verticality that goes up pile cutoff simultaneously, as the gap on the mating face between up and down 2 millimeters, then tamp and weld, guarantee gap≤2 millimeter on the mating face between the stake up and down with metal material; Need also before the welding to guarantee that the pile cutoff end plate exposes the metal primary colors, cover as the generation corrosion of pile cutoff end plate or by dust, then with instrument with pile cutoff end plate brush to or polishing to exposing the metal primary colors; Welding is in stake junction employing carbon dioxide gas arc welding connection up and down, symmetrical welding during welding, and electric welding thickness exceeds groove 1mm, after dividing 3 layers of welding to finish, should check welding quality, lack in limited time when discovery has rosin joint, leakage weldering or slag inclusion etc., must carry out repair welding, till eliminating defective; Welding finish treat weld seam cooling after 8 minutes the butt joint stirrup expand weld seam and carry out antirust processing, before the piling to the upper and lower pile cutoff joint metalwork brushing antirusting paint once more that leaks outside; The 5th substep is piling, adopts the low method of hitting of weight during piling, and the verticality of stake is shut down and proofreaied and correct in pile monkey distance of fall≤150 centimetre according to the variation situation of ceiling hammer, when the verticality of stake transfinites; In the above-mentioned piling process pile penetration and designing requirement stake top mark height are controlled, guaranteed that the degree of depth that stake end enters bearing stratum reaches designing requirement; The degree of depth that enters bearing stratum as the stake end does not reach designing requirement, then increases the hammering number, and limit pile penetration value is last ten to hit less than 3 centimetres, and the degree of depth that makes the stake end enter bearing stratum reaches the numerical value of designing requirement; Should avoid pile body run-off the straight, displacement or serious rebound phenomenon in the construction of this step; When slight seminess appears in the stake end, should stop work at once, cohere repairing with epoxy resin; Bad stake must be pulled out construction again when pile body cracking, fragmentation.
Guide rod type diesel hangs in reinforcing cage and concreting step after beating the ram machine construction step; Hang in reinforcing cage and the concreting step comprises three sub-steps, first substep is to measure the height that gushes soil in the pile tube before hanging in reinforcing cage earlier, when gushing soil and surpassing the height of designing requirement, uses luoyang spade to excavate; When gushing soil and being lower than the height of designing requirement, can manually be backfilled to and require height; Second substep is to hang in reinforcing cage in pile tube, and the reinforcing bar of colligation pile cover, pre-embedded bolt are made pile cover, build commercial concrete downwards from pile cover then, and the 3rd substep is after concrete setting, stripping.
Guide rod type diesel is beaten in the ram machine construction step, if driving depth surpasses projected depth, pile penetration does not reach requirement, and then at the scene in the construction, addressing strengthens rig and draws hole depth, reaches 21 meters the deeplyest; Avoid strengthening the position that rig draws hole depth according to geologic prospect report during addressing and have following situation: (1) groundwater table or underground drift sand sediment deposit are higher than and draw hole depth, (2) draw in the stratum in the hole depth scope and have soft or hard layer handing-over layer, (3) are drawn in the stratum at place, hole site and are had boulder or other obstruction; Under the pile body intact condition, utilize 3～4m stub section lengthening welding pile cutoff length satisfying the pile penetration requirement, but no more than 2 of same engineering piles welding point; If pile body is damaged, then bad row of piles is removed and construction again.
Guide rod type diesel is beaten in the ram machine construction step, if pile penetration reaches requirement, driving depth does not reach projected depth, then stops piling; If pile crown, the slight cracking phenomena of pile body then chisel out the concrete that destroys earlier, add together new cuff at pile crown then, with new end plate welding, cohere with the epoxy concrete between inwall cracking place and concrete and the end plate; If broken serious, this stake is scrapped, then soil around this stake is dug up, and then last joint stake is cut out, and the joint stake is gone up in welding again again, and then the row injection.
The present invention has following advantage:
1. problems such as job practices of the present invention efficiently solves that the face of land, construction plant bearing capacity is little, construction machinery, materials processing, transportation inconvenience, Changes in weather influence are big, owing to need not make pile foundation, therefore need not wait for that the time about one month just can make concrete pipe base reach the intensity of designing requirement in the mode of cast-in-situ concrete; Adopt gas shielded arc welding between the pile cutoff, improved the shear resistance at position while welding place.In a word, job practices of the present invention has reached reduction of erection time, saving fund, has guaranteed the purpose of workmanship, has been particularly useful for relatively poor soft soil layer of bearing capacity and antidetonation earthquake intensity less than 7
ZeroPrestressing pipe pile construction, certainly this bright job practices also can be widely used in the construction of other stratum civil building.
2. in pile tube, hang in reinforcing cage and concreting, pile tube is filled out behind the core owing to fill out core concrete participation work, the cracking moment of position while welding place and whole pile body, yield moment and ultimate bending moment are all big than non-core filling tubular pile, greatly improved pile foundation integral anti-shearing ability, even if the construction face of land is the fine coal grieshoch, after removing the fine coal grieshoch after several years, pipe pile foundation still can be born design load as the steel truss pillar.In the soft soil layer of earthquake-prone region, the soil body is very easily because of geological process liquefaction, and the effective measures of eliminating the foundation liquefaction depression adopt pile foundation exactly, so this job practices can be used for the antidetonation earthquake intensity and is higher than 7
ZeroThe area.Certainly, this job practices can be wider is used for civil building.
3. the method for utilizing stub section lengthening to weld pile cutoff length can remedy pile penetration more conveniently and not meet the requirements of defective.
4. adopt a section stake to wait afterwards and remedy means, be convenient to eliminate the defective that driving depth does not reach projected depth.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the principle schematic that piling is buried;
Fig. 2 is the pile extension schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 excavates behind the fine coal grieshoch pile foundation as the stressed schematic diagram of column;
Fig. 4 is that soil pressure is calculated principle schematic.
The specific embodiment
Soft soil layer high strength prestressing concrete pile tube of the present invention draws drift and hits job practices and comprise that according to sequence of construction the construction of measurement and positioning, long screw auger power traction hole, guide rod type diesel beat ram machine construction, hang in four steps such as reinforcing cage and concreting, observes the requirement of concrete engineering design in concrete construction.
The measurement and positioning step is to re-use total powerstation to measure control point, concrete stake position on basis, GPS location, and (control point, a stake position emphasis is positioned at operation route corner location) also protected at the control point concreting; At last, use transit and 50m steel ruler that each position is positioned synchronously, in case be damaged in the stake site with programming; Control stake and bench mark are set near the piling construction zone are no less than 2, the control stake is that principle is operated place 40m at least apart from piling with the position of bench mark not influenced by piling; The job step of each direction is provided with 4～5 axial line control stakes, so that follow-up unit in charge of construction checks; The axial line control stake of each direction job step can be established more, can not be less than 4, and the axial line control stake is arranged on apart from 5～10m place, stake position, with control pile foundation axis and absolute altitude.
Long screw auger power traction hole construction sequence (is carried out test drilling earlier before the embodiment, promptly select at 1～2 as test boring, observe the soil layer feature, understand and to creep into complexity) comprise three sub-steps, first substep is that rig runs to the stake position, and the pointer of adjusting on the pile frame is aimed at " 0 " scale so that drill bit stake position.Second substep is to become 90 from the right opposite of rig with positive side
oThe good transit of corner bracket or line weigh down, and weigh down from two vertical direction according to transit or line again and adjust the borer drill rod verticality, perpendicularity deviation≤0.5%, and remain pile frame and stablize smooth (embodiment: must not rock).Drilling rod and casing gap≤20 millimeter (embodiment: can not produce large deflection) to ensure in the drilling rod rotary course.The 3rd substep is to adopt clearance-type to creep into method, promptly creeps into-sky bores-creep into and hocket, and rig is drilled into and emptyly after the degree of depth of designing requirement bores that to carry brill in one minute more complete to guarantee the pore-forming rule.Long screw auger power traction hole guarantees to retain 3～5 moulding holes, must not bore more, prevents that the quicksand stasis of blood is long-pending, because the flyash earth formation is loose, at the rainy weather suspension of works, prevents to cause the hole of collapsing because of shearing resistance weakens simultaneously.Should guarantee in the construction of this step that rig draws the verticality and the degree of depth in hole.
Guide rod type diesel is beaten the ram machine construction step and is comprised five sub-steps, and first substep is to make pile driver in place and carry out a stake repetition measurement according to the mark of measuring.Second substep is to lift the position, adopt the method for single-point lifting slowly pile cutoff to be risen by stake machine crane gear and winch to place, stake position, suspension centre is 0.297:0.703 apart from the ratio of pile cutoff upper and lower side distance, use the auxiliary control of stay cord pile cutoff state in the lifting process, guarantee that pile cutoff is vertically in place, pile cutoff must not bump and the random position that freely falls in the lifting process.The 3rd substep is that both sides are provided with the steel bracket ceiling hammer near the stake machine, by the edge two-way control pile cutoff verticality of two vertical direction of pile cutoff, adjusts the stake machine during run-off the straight to guarantee the verticality of pile cutoff.Forbid in the construction to adjust the stake machine, adjust the stake machine behind perhaps following embedded depth 〉=1.0m while driving piles.The 4th substep is a pile extension, before the welding upper and lower pile cutoff junction is coincide together and centering connects directly, proofread and correct the verticality that goes up pile cutoff simultaneously, as the gap on the mating face between up and down 2 millimeters, then tamp and weld, guarantee gap≤2 millimeter on the mating face between the stake up and down with metal material.Need also before the welding to guarantee that the pile cutoff end plate exposes the metal primary colors, cover as the generation corrosion of pile cutoff end plate or by dust, then use instrument (preferably using motor wire brush) with pile cutoff end plate brush to or polishing to exposing the metal primary colors.Welding is in stake junction employing carbon dioxide gas arc welding connection up and down, symmetrical welding during welding, and electric welding thickness exceeds groove 1mm; after dividing 3 layers of welding to finish, should check welding quality, lack in limited time when discovery has rosin joint, leakage weldering or slag inclusion etc.; must carry out repair welding, till eliminating defective.Welding finish treat weld seam cooling after 8 minutes the butt joint stirrup expand weld seam and carry out antirust processing, before the piling to the upper and lower pile cutoff joint metalwork brushing antirusting paint once more that leaks outside.
The 5th substepBe piling, adopt the low method of hitting of weight during piling, implement pile monkey and can adopt JWDD103 type heavy-duty diesel oil pile hammer, also can select the pile hammer of other model for use, pile monkey distance of fall≤150 centimetre according to the engineering actual conditions.Can send the special messenger to observe the variation situation of ceiling hammer in the construction, the gradient of stake is controlled in strictness.According to the variation situation of ceiling hammer, when the verticality of stake transfinites, shut down and proofread and correct the verticality of stake.(pile penetration is promptly hit number and relative fixed is hammered into shape under the high situation, the embedded depth of pile tube in unit to pile penetration in the above-mentioned piling process.Mean penetration be exactly every gust ten hammer of last three gusts of hammers measure respectively the average of pile penetration.Mean penetration is not the pile penetration of whenever hitting, but the embedded depth of every gust ten hammer.The design general requirements be mean penetration be not more than 25～30mm) and the stake top mark height of designing requirement control, guarantee that the degree of depth that the stake end enters bearing stratum reaches designing requirement.The degree of depth that enters bearing stratum as the stake end does not reach designing requirement, then suitably increases the hammering number in allowed limits, and limit pile penetration value is last ten to hit less than 3 centimetres, and the degree of depth that makes the stake end enter bearing stratum reaches the numerical value of designing requirement.Should avoid pile body run-off the straight, displacement or serious rebound phenomenon in the construction of this step.When slight seminess appears in the stake end, should stop work at once, cohere repairing with epoxy resin.Bad stake must be pulled out construction again when pile body cracking, fragmentation.
Before guide rod type diesel was beaten the ram machine construction step, reply pile tube presentation quality was carried out detailed inspection, and check criteria is as shown in the table:
Hang in reinforcing cage and the concreting step comprises three sub-steps,
First substep is to measure earlier the height that gushes soil in the pile tube before hanging in reinforcing cage, when gushing soil and surpassing the height of designing requirement, uses luoyang spade to excavate.When gushing soil and being lower than the height of designing requirement, can manually be backfilled to and require height.Second substep is to hang in reinforcing cage in pile tube, and the reinforcing bar of colligation pile cover, pre-embedded bolt are made pile cover, (preferably adopt the C30 commercial concrete from the downward concreting of pile cover then, also can select the concrete of other model for use), the 3rd substep is after concrete setting, stripping.
Guide rod type diesel is beaten in the ram machine construction step, if driving depth surpasses projected depth, pile penetration does not reach requirement, and then at the scene in the construction, addressing strengthens rig and draws hole depth, reaches 21 meters the deeplyest; Avoid strengthening the position that rig draws hole depth according to geologic prospect report during addressing and have following situation: (1) groundwater table or underground drift sand sediment deposit are higher than and draw hole depth, (2) draw in the stratum in the hole depth scope and have soft or hard layer handing-over layer, (3) are drawn in the stratum at place, hole site and are had boulder or other obstruction.Adopt above-mentioned measure can avoid soil layer soft or hard layer junction or when running into boulder and other obstructions the bottom pile body damage, avoid simultaneously too much influencing piling construction because of the alluvial of water table drift sand.Under the pile body intact condition, utilize 3～4m stub section lengthening welding pile cutoff length satisfying the pile penetration requirement, but no more than 2 of same engineering piles welding point; If pile body is damaged, then bad row of piles is removed and construction again.
Beat in the ram machine construction step at guide rod type diesel, if pile penetration reaches requirement, driving depth does not reach projected depth, then stops piling.If pile crown, the slight cracking phenomena of pile body then chisel out the concrete that destroys earlier, add together new cuff at pile crown then, with new end plate welding, cohere with the epoxy concrete between inwall cracking place and concrete and the end plate.If broken serious, this stake is scrapped, then soil around this stake is dug up, and then last joint stake is cut out, and the joint stake is gone up in welding again again, and then the row injection.Above-mentioned construction action must be fast, otherwise the time that the soil body recovers is long more, difficult more the beating of stake, and the probability of bad stake is big more.
What job practices of the present invention adopted is high strength prestressing concrete (concrete) pile tube, and the performance of this pile tube and other stake type commonly used is compared as follows shown in the table:
Soft soil layer high strength prestressing concrete pile tube of the present invention draws that " pretensioned prestressing pile tube inspection of quality standard " GB50202-2002 is carried out in quality control that drift hits job practices and a stake stake top and related specifications such as cushion cap is connected are selected, are welded to connect and cut to the relevant pile tube of 04ZG207 for use, makes the quality aspect all meet the requirement of national quality standard and local compulsive clause.Concrete quality assurance measure has:
1. each operation is established the special messenger and is responsible for, strict with company management's system supervision, each operation full construction process especially critical process is carried out follow-up investigations, after must rectifying and improving, underproof operation just can enter next procedure, strictness forbids that substandard product occurs, person liable to each operation carries out the strict system of rewards and penalties, guarantees implementing of quality objective, strives for the process elaboration.
The quality managemant measure with headed by the program manager, each special interest group, quality monitoring system that professional section chief was formed.Relevant quality assurance measure is as follows:
(1) in-depth " construction organization design ", strict with designing requirement and existing relevant job specfication execution, by serious analysis process characteristics, the concrete scheme and the precautionary measures are proposed targetedly.
(2) strict with quality specifications and schedule order or purchase, do the transport of pile cutoff well.Butt welding machine material and auxiliary material carry out strictness control.
(3) do the maintenance and the maintenance work of equipment well, make it to be in the good technical state all the time.
(4) inspection of strengthening the field engineering quality is monitored, strengthen the promptness and the accuracy of " three inspections " work, make the process quality control indexes in the allowable variation scope of design and standard, each prong material of marching into the arena is checked its kind, specification, model, quality, quantity physical property and tested, all should satisfy code requirement as the outward appearance physical property, and have product certificate to come into operation.
Soft soil layer high strength prestressing concrete pile tube of the present invention draws drift and hits that job practices is supporting a perfect safety measure.
1. the object of safety management: improve safety measure, improve awareness of safety, stop dead and injured accident.
2. production safety management system: set up with the production safety management group headed by the program manager, this project is established one of full-time security official, and the part-time trouble free service of each class monitor and group leader that constructs is set up a cover complete and effective security management system.
3. adopting safety measures in productive technologies have:
3.1 require and on-site actual situations according to Security Target, all levels of management personnel need to carry out safety in person step by step and tell somebody what one's real intentions are, and implement security work responsibility system, project management department organizes all constructors to hold the once safety meeting weekly, checks whether safety prevention measure is implemented.The problem that a last week exists is summarized, to this week safety emphasis and points for attention make and telling somebody what one's real intentions are, make all constructors on ideology, constantly tightening safety the root string.
3.2 the job site is provided with the security warning board in eye-catching position, and site safety hidden danger and rectification situation are carried out record, and carries out potential safety hazard cencelling of terms record.
Carry out strict control 3.3 main equipment marched into the arena, must not come into operation by inspection, in case the dangerous situation of worker's security of the lives and property occurs jeopardizing, must stop work immediately in the work progress, submit a report asking for company at once, in time take the measure of getting rid of the danger.
Personnel's the safety examination 3.4 strengthen management strengthens the study of security knowledge, avoids the operation of giving directions against regulations, and special work post such as electrician, welder must take appointment with certificate, and forbids operation after drinking.
3.5 the site operation electricity consumption bans use of the cable of damaged and insulating properties difference, forbids electric wire with walking, the necessary zero connection protection of electric equipment, and be furnished with earth leakage protective device, transmission device should have protection net.Maintenance circuit is responsible for by the special messenger, forbids independent maintain electrical devices equipment at night.
3.6 strengthen fire prevention, security against fire, burning things which may cause a fire disaster, explosives, inflammable items specified the personal management.Must remove the inflammable articles of periphery during welder's operation, relevant fire-fighting instrument, equipment are laid and are put in place, establish the special messenger and take care of and make regular check on.
3.7 personnel on duty are equipped with safety helmet without exception, in pile cutoff when transportation lifting, forbidden people from station arm under, and submit onself to someone's direction personnel's signal during lifting is failed to understand pausing operation maybe may cause accident the time as signal.
3.8 safe shift system is fulfiled in strictness, clearly defining responsibilities people's the system of rewards and penalties.
3.9 job site temporary electricity engineering must adopt the TN-S system, and special-purpose protection zero line is set, interim distribution line must set up neatly by standard, and construction equipment, vehicle and personnel and inside and outside electric line keep a safe distance and adopt reliable safeguard procedures.
3.10 construction machinery and electric fixtures must not move and the overburden operation in spite of illness, and the necessary shutdown inspection of abnormal conditions takes place, repairing must not be in operation.
3.11 during piling work, the inoperative personnel will leave beyond the machine 10m, the operating personnel also must not be near the pile monkey lifting position.
3.12 when hanging, hang ground 20～50cm earlier, check the reliability and the colligation fastness of brake, confirm reliable after, could continue to lift by crane.
3.13 the attachment of pile body will be removed totally, lifting back anyone all forbidden under arm or arm the place ahead is passed through, and more inaccurately passes through under stake.
3.14 the stake machine keeps stable in hanging the stake and the stake that falls, stake can not be suspended in midair for a long time midway, be stagnated.
3.15 when stopping operation, make pile monkey move to a position, machine middle and lower part earlier, make the whole backhauls of each organization cylinder piston rod then, avoid piston to expose the generation corrosion, last deenergization.
Soft soil layer high strength prestressing concrete pile tube of the present invention draws drift and hits the also supporting environmental practice that is provided with of job practices, comprises civilized construction target and civilized construction control measures.
The civilized construction target is strict carry out " building engineering construction management method ", divides responsibility, and strictness manages by construction plan, establishes the personal management job site.The scene of accomplishing is clean and tidy in order, construction is smooth and easy, reaches the on-the-spot standard of civilized construction.
The civilized construction control measures have following 4:
1. for civilized construction is fulfilled, must make great efforts to improve integrated management level and all constructors' quality, establishment is managed group with the on-the-spot civilized construction headed by the program manager, formulate the execution control way according to the site operation characteristics, divide the zone of responsibility, system rewards and punishments measure is implemented the on-the-spot target of civilization.
2. strict division is carried out in on-the-spot living area and operation area, according to the regulation on on-the-spot plane, thing, accessory that scientific and reasonable arrangement is stacked make human, financial, and material resources spatially be in best combination.
3. mobilize the staff often equipment, road, the article at scene to be safeguarded cleaning, protect sanitation of environment all the time.Neat and tidy, no rubbish, no dirt are accomplished in the building site, make the job site keep well-ordered kilter.
4. by the carrying out of civilized construction activity, everybody is formed observe disciplines and obey laws and the custom of civilized construction, for enterprise establishes good mental outlook.
The applicant with the mode actual detected of experiment soft soil layer high strength prestressing concrete pile tube of the present invention draw drift and hit job practices.
In the experiment there be the solution of emphasis problem:
One. with reference to the piling shown in Figure 1 schematic diagram that buries, pile tube 1 is squeezed into the stratum among the figure, and wherein miscellaneous fill layer 2 is a local distribution, layer end buried depth 1.3-1.5 rice; Plain fill layer 3 is that most of place distributes, and excavates after the several years, and main component is a flyash, layer end buried depth 0.3-11.7 rice; Middle layer of sand 4 is distributed in the part location, layer end buried depth 2.7-16.2 rice; Farinose argillic horizon 5 is distributed in all places, layer end buried depth 2.7-16.2 rice; Coarse sands layer 6 is distributed in all places, and this layer contains the groundwater table layer, is the pile tube bearing stratum, layer end buried depth 14.5-21.3 rice; Pile tube weld 7 is upper and lower pile cutoff connecting portion.When the adjacent studs distance of positions when nearer, because it is overlapping that soil stress is too concentrated, soil solidifying is too fast, pile body occurs and enter difficulty of the soil body, last stake top mark height is higher than designing requirement absolute altitude phenomenon, and this problem mainly appears at the position of column pitch 2m, after reaching the pile penetration requirement, continue thwack again pile body is damaged, so after construction finishes, adopt the artificial piling method that cuts to make it to reach designing requirement.The cut pile crown adopts power saws stake device, forbids to adopt sledgehammer laterally to knock or pulls by force to draw and cut stake.
Two. pile tube seam force analysis and strengthened scheme, the pile tube material model that this experiment is adopted is PHC-B600(130), for than major diameter end bearing pile pile tube material, field Welding single pile maximum length 21m, maximum draw ratio is 35, meets the requirement of the G03-2002 of Soviet Union related specifications.Position while welding will bear bigger moment of flexure effect under the horizontal shear effect, common welding stake bending resistance is limited, and ductile performance is also relatively poor, can not meet design requirement, test pile through pile body junction consolidation process then can meet design requirement, and its concrete scheme is:
Adopt gas shielded arc welding between the pile cutoff, but in order to strengthen pile extension place shear strength, the special employing hangs in reinforcing cage (10m) and builds the commercial concrete method, also does convergence condition for follow-up steel truss engineering simultaneously.Need highly to measure before hanging in reinforcing cage, use " luoyang spade " to excavate when surpassing the designing requirement height, manually be backfilled to during insufficient height and require height gushing soil in the pile tube.Referring to Fig. 2 pile extension schematic diagram, hang in reinforcing cage 11 among the figure in the pile tube 1, the soil that gushes of designing requirement highly is to gush the top of soil layer 12 apart from welding 2 to 3 meters at pile extension place.Long 6 to 7 meters of the top pile cutoff of welding pile extension place more than 7.Reinforcing cage adopts spiral reinforcement, 10 meters of reinforcing cage total lengths.
In the experiment, pile tube is filled out behind the core owing to fill out core concrete participation work, and the cracking moment of its position while welding and whole pile body, yield moment and ultimate bending moment are all big than non-core filling tubular pile.Experiment does not design at function of seismic resistance specially, but by this strengthening measure, pile foundation still can be born certain destructive power of the earthquake effect.According to formula
Calculate the single pile pile foundation and can bear earthquake intensity 9
0The horizontal shear value.
In the formula:
V
0The bottom level seismic shear of-----single pile superstructure;
--seismic shear (KN) that----single pile pile foundation is born is when less than 0.3V for V
0The time get 0.3V
0, greater than 0.9 V
0Get 0.9 V
0
------be the height on top (m) structurally, removes pile foundation and upper steel truss height overall 12m behind the fine coal grieshoch for H;
d
f-----single pile embedded depth of foundation (m), this project are 13m.
V wherein
0=a
Max* 0.85G
E=15.04KN
a
Max--------Horizontal earthquake influence coefficient maximum value, this calculating gets 9
0Earthquake intensity value 0.32;
0.85---gravity load equivalent coefficient;
G
E------single pile structure top gravity load value comprises upper steel truss load 20.31KN and weld seam top pile body deadweight 35KN.
The single pile pile foundation can be got by above-mentioned formula and earthquake intensity 9 can be born
0Horizontal shear value V=5.5KN
Pile foundation in the test pile checkout procedure after reinforcing is born the Limiting Level bearing capacity and is not less than 50KN, is not less than earthquake intensity 9 so this experiment pile foundation can be born
0The earthquake level destroy.Exceed this scope of experiment, in the soft soil layer of earthquake-prone region, the soil body is very easily because of geological process liquefaction, and the effective measures of eliminating the foundation liquefaction depression adopt pile foundation exactly, with reference to the tube pile construction strengthened scheme of this project can be wider be used for civil building.
Three. after the several years, remove the fine coal grieshoch for reaching, pipe pile foundation still can be born vertical 700KN as the steel truss pillar, the requirement for bearing capacity of horizontal 25KN, must carry out the checking computations of overturning or slip resistance analysis power with regard to the effective length and the embedded depth of site operation, specifically be calculated as follows: after removing the fine coal grieshoch, the pile tube soil layer that buries is followed successively by middle layer of sand, farinose argillic horizon, coarse sands layer.The soil pressure that soil layer provides is a heterogeneous body pressure, and according to the geology exploration report, each soil layer physical property is as shown in the table:
When pile body is subjected to horizontal shear to influence generation around the Rigid Body in Rotation With of face of land contact point, ask the bearing stratum coarse sands layer that the passive earth pressure value is provided.
Kp=tan wherein
2(45
0+ ψ/2)=3.69 Kp is the Rankine coefficient of passive earth pressure in the formula.
In farinose argillic horizon, layer of sand in the first floor is converted into and same equivalent soil layer: the H of getting of the second layer soil phase by severe
1 /=H
1r
1/ r
2=5.45 * 19/20=5.18m
Then in farinose argillic horizon:
H
2 /=?H
1 /+?H
2=11.08m
In like manner, in the 3rd layer coarse sands layer, the stake end enters bearing stratum H
3=2m equivalent soil layer:
H
3 /=?H
2 /?r
2/r
3+2=13.08m
Coarse sands layer belongs to cohesionless soil, and this soil layer provides passive earth pressure to be:
Ep=(1/2)rH
2Kp=（20×13.08
2×3.69）÷2=6313KN/m
(direction shown in the arrow is the direction of pile tube 1 horizontal shear of being born among the figure) as shown in Figure 4, tipping point 16 is positioned at pile tube 1 and joint, the face of land.Face of land next coming in order are respectively middle layer of sand 4, farinose argillic horizon 5 and coarse sands layer 6.Fig. 4 intermediate cam shape zone is conversion homogeneous soil pressure area 22, and the average thickness 17 of middle layer of sand 4 is H1, and the average thickness 18 of farinose argillic horizon 5 is H2, and the average thickness 19 of coarse sands layer 6 is H3.The soil pressure application point 21 of the passive earth pressure Ep that coarse sands layer provides is positioned at apart from stake bottom H
3/ 3 places.Pile tube design level shearing 25KN gets limiting value 50KN, and pipe pile tube 1 top is connected to 4 meters steel truss 15, gets pile tube protruded length 8m, and then overturning moment is:
M=50×12=600KN.m
Overturning or slip resistance analysis moment:
M
/=6313×2×12.33=1.56×10
5KN.m
Fig. 3 excavates behind the fine coal grieshoch pile foundation as the stressed schematic diagram of column, and direction shown in the arrow is the direction of pile tube 1 horizontal shear of being born among the figure, and the limiting value of this horizontal shear is 50KN; Pile tube 1 top is connected with steel truss 15.The fine coal grieshoch is excavated among Fig. 3, and the pile foundation weld of pile tube 1 is exposed on the face of land, and face of land next coming in order are respectively middle layer of sand 4, farinose argillic horizon 5 and coarse sands layer 6.Be far longer than overturning moment by the visible overturning or slip resistance analysis moment of above calculating, there is the upper steel truss totally to be connected and fixed simultaneously, resistance to overturning further improves, can satisfy and after the several years, remove the fine coal grieshoch, pipe pile foundation still can be born vertical 700KN as the steel truss pillar, the requirement for bearing capacity of horizontal 25KN, and overall structure has enough stability.
Claims (4)
1. soft soil layer high strength prestressing concrete pile tube draws drift and hits job practices, it is characterized in that: comprise three steps such as measurement and positioning, the construction of long screw auger power traction hole, guide rod type diesel hammering ram machine construction according to sequence of construction;
The measurement and positioning step is to re-use total powerstation to measure control point, concrete stake position on basis, GPS location, and protects at the control point concreting; At last, use transit and 50m steel ruler that each position is positioned synchronously with programming; Control stake is set near the piling construction zone is no less than 2 with bench mark, the control stake is operated place 40m at least with the position of bench mark apart from piling; The job step of each direction is provided with the stake of 4～5 axial line control stake axial line control and is arranged on apart from 5～10m place, stake position, with control pile foundation axis and absolute altitude;
Long screw auger power traction hole construction sequence comprises three sub-steps, and first substep is that rig runs to the stake position, and the pointer of adjusting on the pile frame is aimed at " 0 " scale so that drill bit stake position; Second substep is to become 90 from the right opposite of rig with positive side
oThe good transit of corner bracket or line weigh down, and weigh down from two vertical direction according to transit or line again and adjust the borer drill rod verticality, perpendicularity deviation≤0.5%, and remain pile frame and stablize smooth; Drilling rod and casing gap≤20 millimeter; The 3rd substep is to adopt clearance-type to creep into method, promptly creeps into-sky bores-creep into and hocket, and rig is drilled into and emptyly after the degree of depth of designing requirement bores that to carry brill in one minute more complete to guarantee the pore-forming rule;
Guide rod type diesel is beaten the ram machine construction step and is comprised five sub-steps, and first substep is to make pile driver in place and carry out a stake repetition measurement according to the mark of measuring; Second substep is to lift the position, adopt the method for single-point lifting slowly pile cutoff to be risen by stake machine crane gear and winch to place, stake position, suspension centre is 0.297:0.703 apart from the ratio of pile cutoff upper and lower side distance, uses the auxiliary control of stay cord pile cutoff state in the lifting process, guarantees that pile cutoff is vertically in place; The 3rd substep is that both sides are provided with the steel bracket ceiling hammer near the stake machine, by the edge two-way control pile cutoff verticality of two vertical direction of pile cutoff, adjusts the stake machine during run-off the straight to guarantee the verticality of pile cutoff; The 4th substep is a pile extension, before the welding upper and lower pile cutoff junction is coincide together and centering connects directly, proofread and correct the verticality that goes up pile cutoff simultaneously, as the gap on the mating face between up and down 2 millimeters, then tamp and weld, guarantee gap≤2 millimeter on the mating face between the stake up and down with metal material; Need also before the welding to guarantee that the pile cutoff end plate exposes the metal primary colors, cover as the generation corrosion of pile cutoff end plate or by dust, then with instrument with pile cutoff end plate brush to or polishing to exposing the metal primary colors; Welding is in stake junction employing carbon dioxide gas arc welding connection up and down, symmetrical welding during welding, and electric welding thickness exceeds groove 1mm, after dividing 3 layers of welding to finish, should check welding quality, lack in limited time when discovery has rosin joint, leakage weldering or slag inclusion etc., must carry out repair welding, till eliminating defective; Welding finish treat weld seam cooling after 8 minutes the butt joint stirrup expand weld seam and carry out antirust processing, before the piling to the upper and lower pile cutoff joint metalwork brushing antirusting paint once more that leaks outside; The 5th substep is piling, adopts the low method of hitting of weight during piling, and the verticality of stake is shut down and proofreaied and correct in pile monkey distance of fall≤150 centimetre according to the variation situation of ceiling hammer, when the verticality of stake transfinites; In the above-mentioned piling process pile penetration and designing requirement stake top mark height are controlled, guaranteed that the degree of depth that stake end enters bearing stratum reaches designing requirement; The degree of depth that enters bearing stratum as the stake end does not reach designing requirement, then increases the hammering number, and limit pile penetration value is last ten to hit less than 3 centimetres, and the degree of depth that makes the stake end enter bearing stratum reaches the numerical value of designing requirement;
Should avoid pile body run-off the straight, displacement or serious rebound phenomenon in the construction of this step; When slight seminess appears in the stake end, should stop work at once, cohere repairing with epoxy resin; Bad stake must be pulled out construction again when pile body cracking, fragmentation.
2. soft soil layer high strength prestressing concrete pile tube according to claim 1 draws drift and hits job practices, it is characterized in that: guide rod type diesel hangs in reinforcing cage and concreting step after beating the ram machine construction step;
Hang in reinforcing cage and the concreting step comprises three sub-steps,
First substep is to measure earlier the height that gushes soil in the pile tube before hanging in reinforcing cage, when gushing soil and surpassing the height of designing requirement, uses luoyang spade to excavate; When gushing soil and being lower than the height of designing requirement, can manually be backfilled to and require height; Second substep is to hang in reinforcing cage in pile tube, and the reinforcing bar of colligation pile cover, pre-embedded bolt are made pile cover, build commercial concrete downwards from pile cover then, and the 3rd substep is after concrete setting, stripping.
3. soft soil layer high strength prestressing concrete pile tube according to claim 1 and 2 draws drift and hits job practices, it is characterized in that: guide rod type diesel is beaten in the ram machine construction step, if driving depth surpasses projected depth, pile penetration does not reach requirement, in then constructing at the scene, addressing strengthens rig and draws hole depth, reaches 21 meters the deeplyest; Avoid strengthening the position that rig draws hole depth according to geologic prospect report during addressing and have following situation: (1) groundwater table or underground drift sand sediment deposit are higher than and draw hole depth, (2) draw in the stratum in the hole depth scope and have soft or hard layer handing-over layer, (3) are drawn in the stratum at place, hole site and are had boulder or other obstruction; Under the pile body intact condition, utilize 3～4m stub section lengthening welding pile cutoff length satisfying the pile penetration requirement, but no more than 2 of same engineering piles welding point; If pile body is damaged, then bad row of piles is removed and construction again.
4. soft soil layer high strength prestressing concrete pile tube according to claim 1 and 2 draws drift and hits job practices, it is characterized in that: guide rod type diesel is beaten in the ram machine construction step, if pile penetration reaches requirement, driving depth does not reach projected depth, then stops piling; If pile crown, the slight cracking phenomena of pile body then chisel out the concrete that destroys earlier, add together new cuff at pile crown then, with new end plate welding, cohere with the epoxy concrete between inwall cracking place and concrete and the end plate; If broken serious, this stake is scrapped, then soil around this stake is dug up, and then last joint stake is cut out, and the joint stake is gone up in welding again again, and then the row injection.
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