Invention content
The utility model in view of the deficiencies of the prior art, proposes that layer depth foundation pit hangs foot stake supporting knot in combination by a kind of Tu Yan
Structure, effective solution are traditional broken until foundation pit bottom following certain depth, is by the lower part rock drill of foundation pit with jump bit
Guarantee have build-in, difficulty of construction is big, long in time limit, of high cost, also the problem of mud contamination and outward transport.
To achieve the above object, technical solution adopted in the utility model is:Layer depth foundation pit is hung in combination by a kind of Tu Yan
Foot stake supporting construction, which is characterized in that hanging foot anchored pile supporting and be located at including superposed retaining wall, positioned at middle part
The anchor cable lattice supporting construction of lower part, the bottom end of retaining wall are located at the above top for hanging foot anchored pile supporting, hang foot piled anchor branch
The bottom end of protection structure is located at the outside of the top foundation pit walls of anchor cable lattice supporting construction.
The retaining wall is soil nail wall or the brick wall with constructional column.
The foot anchored pile supporting that hangs includes hanging foot stake, stake top tie-beam, tie-beam anchor pole mechanism and hanging foot piled anchor
Linkage, spaced more are hung foot stake and are arranged along foundation pit walls, and the more tops for hanging foot stake are connected with each other with stake top tie-beam,
Stake top tie-beam is anchored by the ground oblique pull on the outside of tie-beam anchor pole mechanism and foundation pit;Foot stake is respectively hung to hang in foot stake by being located at
The foot piled anchor linkage that hangs of portion and lower part is anchored with the ground oblique pull on the outside of foundation pit, and foot pile anchor rod is respectively hung in the same horizontal position
Laterally anchoring beam is equipped between the anchor head of mechanism.
The described lateral anchoring beam uses I-steel, below the I-steel with hang between foot stake equipped with triangular-section
Steel bracket.
The pile body arrangement of reinforcement for hanging foot stake is made of axial reinforcement and round reinforcing bar, axis of the more round reinforcing bars along pile body
It is arranged to interval, circumference uniform distribution and interconnection of the more axial reinforcements along round reinforcing bar.
The anchor cable lattice supporting construction includes grid beams and grid beams anchor pole mechanism, and grid beams are by armored concrete
Manufactured transverse beam and longitudinal beam composition, the grid beams are anchored by the ground oblique pull on the outside of grid beams anchor pole mechanism and foundation pit.
The topmost of the utility model is brick wall or soil nail wall with constructional column;Middle part is pile-anchor retaining, wherein slope protection pile
It is to hang foot stake, without so-called " build-in ";Lower part is anchor cable lattice support form.The pattern can meet safety and stability requirement,
It again can be so that short construction period, easy implementation be economic and practical.
Brick wall or soil nail wall of the top with constructional column, superiority are to be easy implementation, implement and rehabilitate, underground easy to clean
Barrier can also be that height space is saved in construction on the ground;It saves money, the brick wall with constructional column or soil nail wall cost compare section with piled anchor
About 2/3 cost;Brick wall with constructional column can also save the area, and construct in the urban district of an inch of land is an inch of gold, vertical supporting can save construction
Land used can be that personnel walk or dispose safety barrier or stack the circulation materials such as certain template and create conditions;It can also be the later stage
Convenience is created in construction, for example if underground utilities disengaging basement will be punched just very not using stake supporting in stake
Just, punching is just convenient more on brick wall or soil nail wall in this way.
Centre uses pile-anchor retaining, and stake is to hang foot stake, and advantage is to be easy implementation, as foot stake, a common rotation are hung in construction
Drilling machine is dug, can be constructed within one day 15, and to use jump bit construction that its underpart rock drill is broken to achieve the purpose that have build-in, just
Reason condition one day 1 is all not guaranteed;It is more advantageous than steel-pipe pile resistance to deformation more using the sizable reinforced concrete pile of diameter,
Earth pressure balance requirement can be met by forming pile-anchor supporting system in conjunction with anchor pole, met bending moment requirements, met displacement(Including stake top position
Shifting and deeply mixing cement-soil pile)Control requires, and can guarantee the safety of surrounding deep foundation pit house, road and underground utilities etc..
Lower part anchor cable lattice support form advantage is to be sheared more resistant against external force than " soil nailing ", good integrity can meet base
Globality stabilization and local stability requirement are cheated, resistance capacity to deformation is strong, and constraint slope protection pile foot deformability is strong, is suitable for deep big
The rock part supporting of foundation pit lower part.It is easy for construction simultaneously, apply prestressing force and accepts that mechanism is clear, and prestress value is easy to control, control
Metamorphosis processed is apparent.Fertile slot occupation of land is saved in vertical supporting, is constructed in the urban district of an inch of land is an inch of gold, with the obvious advantage.
Specific implementation mode
Referring to Fig. 1-Fig. 7, layer depth foundation pit hangs foot stake supporting construction to a kind of Tu Yan of the utility model in combination, including is located at
The retaining wall 1 in portion, positioned at middle part hang foot anchored pile supporting and positioned at the anchor cable lattice supporting construction of lower part, retaining wall 1
Bottom end is located at the above top for hanging foot anchored pile supporting, and the bottom end for hanging foot anchored pile supporting is located at anchor cable lattice supporting construction
Top foundation pit walls outside.
The retaining wall 1 is soil nail wall or the brick wall with constructional column.
The foot anchored pile supporting that hangs includes hanging foot stake 4, stake top tie-beam 3, tie-beam anchor pole mechanism 6 and hanging foot stake
Anchor pole mechanism 5, spaced more are hung foot stake 4 and are arranged along foundation pit walls, the more tops for hanging foot stake 43 phase of stake top tie-beam
It connects, stake top tie-beam 3 is anchored by the ground oblique pull on the outside of tie-beam anchor pole mechanism 6 and foundation pit;It respectively hangs foot stake 4 and passes through position
It is anchored with the ground oblique pull on the outside of foundation pit in the foot piled anchor linkage 5 that hangs for hanging in the middle part of foot stake and lower part, in the same horizontal position
It respectively hangs and is equipped with laterally anchoring beam 54 between the anchor head of foot piled anchor linkage 5.
The described lateral anchoring beam 54 uses I-steel, below the I-steel with hang between foot stake 4 equipped with triangle
The steel bracket 55 in section.
It hangs foot piled anchor linkage 5 to be made of anchor pole 51, anchor head 52, backing plate 53, the top of anchor pole 51 is fastened with anchor head 52, anchor
First 52 are arranged below backing plate 53.Tie-beam anchor pole mechanism 6 is identical as this structure, is made of anchor pole 61, anchor head 62, backing plate 63, peace
Dress mode is identical.
The pile body arrangement of reinforcement for hanging foot stake 4 is made of axial reinforcement 41 and round reinforcing bar 42, more 42 edges of round reinforcing bar
The axially spaced-apart of pile body is arranged, circumference uniform distribution and interconnection of the more axial reinforcements 41 along round reinforcing bar 42(Welding).
The anchor cable lattice supporting construction includes grid beams 8 and grid beams anchor pole mechanism 7, and grid beams are by reinforced concrete
Transverse beam made of soil and longitudinal beam composition, the grid beams 8 pass through 14 oblique pull of ground on the outside of grid beams anchor pole mechanism 7 and foundation pit
Anchoring.Also there are anchor pole, anchor head, backing plate in grid beams anchor pole mechanism 7, and the steel bracket of triangular-section is arranged below in backing plate.
The application example of the utility model:
The deep basal pit project is located at Shijingshan District, Beijing milky way street west side, the north of a road Lu Gu side, and northwest side is Beijing ten thousand
Quotient Garden Hotel.There are the underground utilities such as national grid computer room, combustion gas, electric power in place, the Ba Bao Mountain that place has Beijing famous is disconnected
It splits band to pass through, which is one of famous fracture belt in Beijing area, and geological conditions and surrounding enviroment residing for foundation pit are all very
It is complicated.
The project is located at Shijingshan core area, and superstructure is frame-shear-wall structure, and complex building is by office building, podium
And underground garage composition, superstructure pattern is complicated, requires ground settlement control high.To make full use of the underground space,
The projects awaiting construction basement number of plies is more, and basement reaches five layers, and underground excavation depth is larger,
Engineering geological condition
Proposed place belongs to the top of Yongdinghe River alluvial-proluvial fan on landforms, and the low north in place topography south is high.By probing, original
Bit test and laboratory soil test achievement comprehensive analysis, master stratum is within the scope of this depth of exploration:Miscellaneous fill 1. layer:It is miscellaneous
Color, loose~slightly close, slag containing brick, lime-ash etc. are filled with cohesive soil;Silty clay 2. layer:Brown Huang~yellowish-brown, it is wet~very wet,
Containing iron oxide, part presss from both sides clay silt thin layer, contains a small amount of rubble;Silty clay 3. layer:Brown Huang~yellowish-brown, it is wet~very wet, contain
Iron oxide etc. is formed by sandstone, mud stone weathering, contains a small amount of rubble;5. 1 layer of severely-weathered argillaceous siltstoue:Grey, institutional framework is
Most of to destroy, mineralogical composition significant changes, rock matter is harder, in rubble shape, chunky shape, 5. 2 layers of completely decomposed argillaceous siltstoue:
Lark, structure are destroyed substantially, and rock has been weathered into closely knit earthy;Coal petrography 6. layer:Black, colm, auger creep into
Ruler is very fast;Medium weathering slate 7. layer:Grey, grey black, powder~acinose texture, platy structure, joint fissure are relatively developed;High wind
Change 7. 1 layer of slate, grey, institutional framework is largely destroyed, and rock mass is divided into chunky shape by joint, crack;Medium weathering is profound
Wu Yan 8. layers:Grey, cryptocrystalline texture, amygdaloidal structure, joint fissure are relatively developed, and core is in short column stake;Severely-weathered basalt
8. 1 layer, grey, cryptocrystalline texture, amygdaloidal structure, joint fissure develops very much, core is broken.
Hydrogeologic condition
This prospecting finds out underground water using SH-30 type drilling machines, and according to live results of drilling, observation of groundwater levels situation is detailed
It is shown in Table 1.
1 observation of groundwater levels situation list of table
Groundwater type |
Initial water level depth(m) |
Initial water level absolute altitude(m) |
Fixed level depth(m) |
Fixed level absolute altitude(m) |
Bedrock Crevice Water |
21.80~22.70 |
44.26~44.76 |
20.60~21.00 |
45.46~46.46 |
Foundation Pit Support Design scheme
By taking section as an example, excavation of foundation pit depth 22.3m, top 2.5m use band constructional column earth-retaining brick wall supporting, and 2.5m ~
15.3m uses pile-anchor retaining, the severely-weathered slate sections of 15.3m ~ 22.3m to use prestress anchorage cable lattice supporting, see Fig. 1-Fig. 2.This
Section is difficult since severely-weathered slate causes to creep into when bank protection pile driving construction, forms and hangs foot stake.It is past when hanging foot stake design and construction
Footing is supported toward the rock shoulder of one fixed width is reserved down in the embedding scar of pile body, but due to the limitation of space, can not be reserved
The space of rock shoulder slope, it has been decided through consideration that compensating the deficiency of building-in depth using prestress anchorage cable lattice.
Top 2.5m retaining walls use the brick barricade of 370mm thickness, and one of capping beam is arranged in gear coping(It is high
250mm, wide 370mm), at the middle part of barricade, one of waist rail is set(High 300m, wide 370mm), every 3.2m, one construction is set
Column(The long 370mm in section, wide 250mm), constructional column, capping beam, coupling beam are all made of C25 concrete.2.5m or less slope protection piles design
Stake diameter 800mm, stake spacing 1.6m, the long 11.9m of stake, pile body main reinforcement are 14C25, and reinforcing rib is C16@2000, and stirrup is A8@200,
Pile concrete is C25, and arrangement of reinforcement is as shown in Figure 2.15.3m ~ 22.3m uses lattice girder+cable bolting, armored concrete lattice girder
Section is 300mm*300mm, main reinforcement 4C20, stirrup A8@200, concrete grade C30, lattice girder+suspension roof support such as Fig. 2 institutes
Show.
Prestress anchorage cable lattice is a kind of structural system of energy active support, due to this supporting type and traditional gravity
Type retaining structure is obvious compared to advantage, and this supporting construction is widely used in slope reinforcement, main reinforcement mechanism
Mainly there is the following aspects:
(1)The effect of Rock And Soil and prestress anchorage cable
Prestress anchorage cable is secured firmly to other than slip-crack surface in the rock mass stability of deep by grout injection, is become
One entirety, and prestressing force is applied to anchor head, so that unstable Rock And Soil is firmly fixed in rock mass stability.In addition, to anchor cable
It is applied with prestressing force, so the slide mass on slide surface surface increases in the direct stress of slide surface, is caused in contact surface friction coefficient
In the case of constant, slide mass and the frictional force of deep rock mass stability increase, and increase stability of rock-soil body.
(2)Rock And Soil and lattice beam effect
Interaction between prestress anchorage cable and Rock And Soil must rely on the connection of lattice girder to form entirety, this structure
So that stress is disperseed at node, avoid and deform because local Rock And Soil stress is excessive, plays adjustment stress distribution
Effect, make around Rock And Soil be in three dimension stress state, the uniform continuity of guarantee ground surface stress.Additionally due to lattice girder
It is not Rock And Soil surface to be completely covered, but have a certain distance between each other, this allows the soil body between Liang Yuliang to form soil
Arching plays the role of frame hoop to surface layer ground, to increase the stability of side slope.
Checking computations of base pit stability
According to Lizheng Software result of calculation, the design of Fig. 1 sections meets foundation pit stabilized soil pavement requirement.For stability
Requirement according to specification, obtain buckling safety factor.
(1)Overall stability checks:
Result of calculation:It is for the section least favorable slip-crack surface center of circle shown in FIG. 1(-1.894,14.261), monolithic stability
Property safety coefficient 2.361, meets code requirement.
(2)Stability against overturning checks
Result of calculation:It is for the section least favorable slip-crack surface center of circle shown in FIG. 1(-1.894,14.261), monolithic stability
Property safety coefficient 2.361, meets code requirement.
Monitoring result
Take passages the displacement of foundation pit top horizontal, anchor rod prestress monitoring and pile body deeply mixing cement-soil pile monitoring result.
(1) foundation pit top horizontal displacement
The size of supporting construction top horizontal displacement directly influences deep pit monitor, also contributes to foundation pit External building object, pipe
The safety of line, road and other facilities, therefore the horizontal displacement monitoring at the top of foundation pit supporting construction should be used as foundation pit construction process
In focal monitoring item.Foundation pit top horizontal monitoring point for displacement arranges 7 altogether in the reinforcing scope of foundation pit north side, such as pit retaining monitoring
Shown in point floor plan.Foundation pit supporting construction top horizontal displacement monitoring early warning value be 30mm, rate of change early warning value 2 ~
3mm/d.After foundation pit excavates soil body unloading, lower part backfill after there is larger displacement, at the top of foundation pit, supporting construction is rearranged
Top horizontal monitoring point for displacement, monitoring point horizontal displacement variation are as shown in Figure 8.
(2) anchor rod prestress monitors
The reinforcing engineering anchor rod prestress monitoring of foundation pit north side arranges 6 groups altogether, and every group of five monitoring points monitor 30 anchor poles altogether
Prestressing force, monitoring quantity is big, and the larger anchor pole of one prestress change of every group of selection is as analysis object.Anchor rod prestress changes
As shown in Figure 9.
In anchor pole tensioning fixation, prestressing force loses 40% immediately after the completion of the anchor pole tensioning fixation of part, much not up to sets
Meter requires.The variation of anchor rod prestress is affected by many factors, wherein some loss occurrences are very heavy after anchor pole tensioning fixation
The moment of unloading is pushed up, anchor pole is after locking as the stress relaxation of concrete crept with steel, the prestressing force of anchor pole can also be sent out
Raw loss.Anchor pole is continuously increased, the pulling force of anchor pole after loss of prestress occurs with the continuous excavation anchor rod prestress of foundation pit
Universal less than normal, axis force of anchor does not reach early warning value, and anchor rod prestress tends towards stability after the completion of excavation.
(3) pile body deeply mixing cement-soil pile monitors
In Excavation Process, according to code requirement, the deeply mixing cement-soil pile of foundation pit is monitored, monitoring instrument
Using PVC inclinometer pipes, by the monitoring of stake deeply mixing cement-soil pile, the understanding pile body that we can be very clear and intuitive is in outer masterpiece
Deformation under, to make judgement the most accurate to the safe condition of foundation pit, the horizontal displacement monitoring of pile body is in base
It is very important in the monitoring of hole.The data now obtained according to monitoring analyze the displacement of supporting stake body, slope protection pile
Divided working status displacement curve is shown in Figure 10.For the project through inspection more than a year, effect is fine.