CN102010780A - Viscosity-controllable aqueous lubricating liquid and application - Google Patents

Viscosity-controllable aqueous lubricating liquid and application Download PDF

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CN102010780A
CN102010780A CN2010105239716A CN201010523971A CN102010780A CN 102010780 A CN102010780 A CN 102010780A CN 2010105239716 A CN2010105239716 A CN 2010105239716A CN 201010523971 A CN201010523971 A CN 201010523971A CN 102010780 A CN102010780 A CN 102010780A
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lubricating liquid
viscosity
water
lubricating fluid
aqueous lubricating
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CN102010780B (en
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林彬
刘峰
闫福刚
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Tianjin University
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Abstract

The invention relates to viscosity-controllable aqueous lubricating liquid and application. The viscosity-controllable aqueous lubricating liquid consists of triethanolamine borate, triethanolamine oleate, triethanolamine sebacic acid, an alcohol viscosifier, an organic silicon defoaming agent and water. The viscosity range is from 0.9 Pa.s to 8 Pa.s. The main component of the water-based lubricating liquid is water, so excellent characteristic, such as fire resistance, of the water and high specific heat are preserved; each component of the aqueous lubricating liquid has low price, no toxicity and high degradability and meets the requirements of environmentally-friendly lubricants; tests show that the aqueous lubricating liquid has high rust resistance; an anti-rusting agent component of the aqueous lubricating liquid comprises a polar group with a large adsorption force, so the aqueous lubricating liquid has anti-friction and anti-wear effects on a friction pair and prolongs the service life of equipment; and the viscosity of the lubricating liquid can be adjusted by changing the viscosifier content according to specific engineering requirements, so that the higher rigidity, bearing capacity and heat stability of a processing equipment main shaft and a hydrostatic guideway system are guaranteed.

Description

A kind of viscosity controllable type water-based lubricating liquid and application
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of lubricating fluid that is applied to mechanical means main shaft, hydrostatic slideway system, be mainly used in hydrostatic slideway lubricated of sliding surface bearing, the support motion parts of supporting spindle, a kind of viscosity controllable type water-based lubricating liquid and application are provided.
Background technology
Bearing is the vitals of rotary processing equipment, and the rotating accuracy of axis system, axis rigidity, rotating speed, supporting capacity, bearing life have directly determined the performance of working accuracy, working efficiency, maintenance cycle and the finished product of processing units; Hydrostatic slideway is to feed pressure oil or pressurized air between the guide surface of two relative movement, and movement parts is floated, to guarantee being in liquid or the work down of gas friction state between two guide surface.Fluid sliding surface bearing or hydrostatic slideway have kinematic accuracy height, supporting capacity and reach the high advantage of rigidity by force, but the main shaft of traditional oil base sliding surface bearing and oil base hydrostatic slideway are big owing to generating heat when motion, cause the thermostability variation, thereby influence the raising of precision; Simultaneously also because mineral oil also exists serious pollution problem, the requirement of incompatibility modern industry sustainable development.
Present lubricating oil mostly is mineral lubricating oils, and the mineral based lubricating oil is biodegradable poor ability in physical environment, will cause comparatively serious pollution problem to ecotope owing to gathering for a long time.For adapting to the needs of modern industry for environment protection and sustainable development, novel lubricating liquid all components of the present invention all should be green medium or additive.With reference to the regulation of Germany's " Blue Angel " tissue to green lubricant additive, new lubricant should not contain carcinogens, cause gene mutagenesis, aberrant; Not chloride and nitrite; Containing metal (deliming outer) not; The maximum additive that allows use 7% with potential biodegradable; Also can add 2% not biodegradable additive, but must be low toxicity.
Existing sliding surface bearing or hydrostatic slideway form need be selected the lubricating oil of specific model for use according to its structure or job requirement, and its component and viscosity are fixed.Main shaft sliding surface bearing or lathe platform hydrostatic slideway for the fixed sturcture form, if sliding friction pair adopts low viscous lubricant medium, frictional power, thermal value are just little, be beneficial to the thermostability that promotes main shaft or hydrostatic slideway, the lubrication film thickness of low viscosity fluid correspondence is little simultaneously, the theoretical rotating accuracy of main shaft just high (advantage that above-mentioned low viscosity lubricant medium brings improves significant for the performance of machine tool chief axis and guide rail), still this moment, supporting capacity and rigidity were lower; When adopting thick oil, then can produce higher thermal value, cause main shaft or guide rail heat distortion amount bigger, working accuracy can't guarantee.Therefore, if above-mentioned mechanical means adopts and can regulate the lubricant of viscosity, just can finish multiple processing requests such as low-speed heave-load, high speed light loading and the close processing of high speed and super precision not more under the situation of exchange device and lubricant medium.
Mechanical means mostly is the metallic substance manufacturing, and the lubricating fluid that therefore is used for machining equipment must have rustless property preferably.The rust-preventive agent great majority all are the very strong compounds of polarity, and its effect is can be adsorbed on the metallic surface and form compact protective film or form one deck passive film with metallic surface chemical combination, and then prevents that metal from contacting with corrosive medium, can play rust inhibition.Water soluble anti-rust agent can be divided into inorganic inhibitor and organic corrosion inhibitor two classes.The effect of inorganic inhibitor generally is to make the metallic surface generate insoluble passive film or reaction rete and play rust inhibition.Water-soluble inorganic rust-preventive agent commonly used comprises nitrite, phosphoric acid salt, silicate, borate, molybdate etc., but owing to nitrite, phosphoric acid salt have toxicity, silicate and borate are difficult for dissolving, molybdate cost costliness is therefore at the rust-inhibiting additive that is not suitable for as novel water-based lubricating fluid.In the present invention, adopted the composite method of multiple green organic corrosion inhibitor to guarantee the rustless property of lubricating fluid.
In addition, lubricating oil exists potential safety hazard owing to have combustibility; The water-based lubricating liquid that the present invention proposes to adopt is main component with water, therefore has the safety feature of flame retardant resistance.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to use the defective of mineral lubricating oils at sliding surface bearing, hydrostatic slideway lubricate, make a kind of in certain low viscosity scope the controlled lubricating fluid of viscosity, the good characteristic that possesses green environmental protection, rust-preventing characteristic simultaneously is applicable to main shaft sliding surface bearing, the lathe hydrostatic slideway of machining equipment.
As previously mentioned,, not only improved the use cheap property of sliding surface bearing main shaft, hydrostatic slideway, and effectively widened the suitability of these mechanical means if lubricating fluid viscosity is adjustable.Therefore, the present invention proposes to adopt the lubricant medium of water-based lubricating liquid as sliding surface bearing or hydrostatic slideway, at concrete apparatus-form, according to actual operating conditions, after the designer is according to knowhow or the required viscosity by the definite lubricating fluid of calculating, (corresponding relation of additive amount and lubricating fluid temperature-viscosity is definite by test for method by quantitatively adding additive in basal liquid (pure water), introduction sees below), realize that lubricating fluid viscosity in lower range of viscosities is controlled, when promptly can guarantee main shaft or hydrostatic slideway higher stiffness and supporting capacity, make that system's thermal value is few, Heat stability is good, the precision height has remedied employing oil lubrication bearing, the shortcoming of hydrostatic slideway is specially adapted to the close processing situation of high speed and super precision.
A kind of viscosity controllable type water-based lubricating liquid of the present invention, its component and weight percent are as follows:
Trolamine boric acid ester 8-15%;
Triethanolamine oleate 9-12%;
Sebacic acid trolamine 0.1-1%;
Alcohols tackifier 0-32%;
Silicone antifoam agent 3 ‰-5 ‰;
All the other compositions are water.
Described alcohols comprises ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol or other nontoxic alcohols.
Viscosity controllable type water-based lubricating liquid is characterized in that range of viscosities is 0.9mPas-8mPas.
Described triethanolamine oleate comprises the triethanolamine oleate that adopts vegetables oil and animal oil to be prepared from as rust-preventive agent.Mix the bubble that the back is produced with water for eliminating organic compound, also added 3 ‰-5 ‰ silicone antifoam agents in the lubricating fluid.The basal liquid of lubricating fluid is a water, comprises high pure water, distilled water, tap water and mineral water.Water-based lubricating liquid is used, and it is characterized in that being applicable to the sliding surface bearing main shaft of machine tooling equipment or lubricating of hydrostatic slideway.
Other additive dosage of lubricating fluid except tackifier (referring in the desired amount ranges of invention) are minimum for the overall viscosity variation of lubricating fluid, will not play the effect of regulating viscosity in lubricating fluid.Trolamine boric acid ester, triethanolamine oleate and sebacic acid trolamine will be worked in coordination with the antirust effect of playing; Silicone antifoam agent will play the foamy effect in the lubricating fluid of eliminating.
The tackifier component is selected the alcohols of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol or other toxicological harmlesss, because this lubricating fluid characteristics are that viscosity is controlled, need in actual use, according to the concrete viscosity requirement of designer to lubricating fluid, thereby and the content of change tackifier realizes that the lubricating fluid viscosity number is adjustable.The SBN-2 numeral rotational viscosimeter that adopts Shanghai Geoscience Instrument Inst. to produce is measured the temperature-viscosity characteristics of the water-based lubricating liquid behind the adding various dose tackifier.Change tackifier (alcohols material adopts ethylene glycol in the test) thus regulate the water based lubrication fluid viscosity with water-content, obtain temperature-viscosity characteristics (as table 1, shown in Figure 1) that contain the lubricating fluid of different concns tackifier this moment.In actual use, can according to needed viscosity, mix suitable water-based lubricating liquid according to testing the viscosity number that records in advance.When tackifier levels was 0%, the expression lubricating fluid only was made of water, rust-preventive agent and defoamer; Though the lubricating fluid of this moment is more or less the same with ortho-water soltion viscosity value (slightly higher) than the aqueous solution, but respectively to organize lubricating fluid identical with other, its rust-preventing characteristic for metallic substance will be much better than the aqueous solution (test for rust preventing ability is referring to embodiment 3), therefore to the actual requirement of viscosity, be applicable in the oiling system of main shaft sliding surface bearing, lathe hydrostatic slideway of machining equipment in still can using according to engineering.
Table 1
Figure BDA0000029903080000031
Beneficial effect of the present invention:, therefore kept the good speciality of water---flame retardant resistance and higher specific heat (the lubricating fluid specific heat that adopts resistance-heat of liquid null readings to record when containing 20% tackifier is 3.47kJ/kgK) because the water-based lubricating liquid main component is a water; Each component of water-based lubricating liquid is cheap, and all be nontoxic (few composition be little poison) and degradability strong, meet the requirement of the friendly type lubricant of green environment; By test, verify that this lubricating fluid has rustless property preferably; Contain in the rust-preventive agent component of lubricating fluid and have the big polar group of adsorptive power, therefore friction pair is formed antifriction, wear-resistant effect, prolonged service life of equipment; Can regulate lubricating fluid viscosity by the method that changes tackifier levels according to concrete engine request (to the needs of lubricating fluid viscosity under the actual temp), thereby guarantee processing units main shaft, hydrostatic slideway system higher stiffness, supporting capacity and thermostability.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the temperature-viscosity characteristics figure of the lubricating fluid of different concns tackifier.
Embodiment
Introduce the preparation and the using method of this green water-based lubricating liquid below.
Embodiment 1: using method when being applicable to sliding bearing lubricating: when this lubricating fluid was applicable to sliding bearing lubricating, its using method and plain oil were similar.If sliding surface bearing is a hydrodynamic sliding bearing, can adopt the mode that friction pair is dipped in the lubricating fluid form, because can forming the carrying liquid film, the dynamic pressure effect lubricating fluid guarantees the main shaft normal and stable operation during main axis rotation; If sliding surface bearing is the form of static pressure or dynamic and static pressure lubricating, with reference to concrete sliding surface bearing and current regulator structure, squeeze into plain bearing unit with certain pressure, in the play of bearing, form the carrying liquid film, guarantee the main shaft normal and stable operation.
In the high purity water machine, prepare high pure water 82.6kg, other prepares 8kg trolamine boric acid ester, the 9kg triethanolamine oleate, 0.1kg sebacic acid trolamine and 0.3kg silicone antifoam agent, subsequently above-mentioned each composition is poured in the small-sized stirring tank (or the suitable clean container of other capacity), fully stirred 10 minutes, the solution of Xing Chenging is the pungent smell liquid of faint yellow transparent nothing at last, thereby preparation is finished water-based lubricating liquid (as calculated, each weight percentages of components is in the lubricating fluid at this moment: water 82.6%, trolamine boric acid ester 8%, triethanolamine oleate 9%, sebacic acid trolamine 0.1%, and lubricating fluid is poured in the liquid case of circulation lubrication system standby silicone antifoam agent 0.3%).Owing to add the alcohols material can promote lubricating fluid viscosity, therefore its viscosity number is minimum in lubricating fluid viscosity variable range in this example, after tested when room temperature this lubricating fluid viscosity number about 1.6mPas.
High-speed main spindle (the main shaft diameter 80mm that this lubricating fluid is used to adopt sliding supported condition, rotating speed is 10000rpm, adopt the orifice restriction form, liquid supply pressure is 2MPa, transverse bearing gap 20 μ m), steady through the test spindle operation, the main shaft radial rigidity can reach 210N/ μ m after tested, and friction power loss is then below 100W.This moment, the lubricating liquid film temperature rise was less, and main shaft has thermostability preferably, can be used for the precision sizing field.
Be checking lubricating fluid performance, set this main shaft application and bear more high-load or the higher inflexible of requirement workplace that requiring at this moment, lubricating fluid viscosity can reach about 2.7mPas when room temperature in needs.Therefore, according to tackifier additive capacity in the table 1 and lubricating fluid viscosity corresponding relation, in aforementioned lubricating fluid, continue to add 8kg trolamine boric acid ester, 6kg triethanolamine oleate, 0.6kg sebacic acid trolamine, 0.3kg silicone antifoam agent and 20.28kg tackifier ethylene glycol, and stir (as calculated, each weight percentages of components is in lubricating fluid this moment: water 61.2%, trolamine boric acid ester 11.8%, triethanolamine oleate 11.1%, sebacic acid trolamine 0.5%, silicone antifoam agent 0.4% and tackifier 15%).Under aforementioned main shaft operating mode, test obtains the main shaft radial rigidity and reaches 280N/ μ m, and the main shaft rigidity obviously gets a promotion, though this moment, friction power loss raise (being about 170W), but still in the work permit scope.
Embodiment 2: the using method when being applicable to hydrostatic slideway: as be used for open type static pressure guide rail, lubricating fluid enters guide rail single face sap cavity with certain pressure through current regulator by liquid pump, moving parts is floated, be in the neat liquid Frotteurism when making the guide surface motion, and form the carrying liquid film; As be used for closed hydrostatic slideway, lubricating fluid by liquid pump with certain pressure by current regulator, a plurality of sap cavities that enter each face of guide rail form the carrying liquid films, and guarantee that guide rail bears two-way external load still can works better.
Prepare the high pure water of 39.5kg, 15kg trolamine boric acid ester, the 12kg triethanolamine oleate, 1kg sebacic acid trolamine, 32kg ethylene glycol and 0.5kg silicone antifoam agent, subsequently above-mentioned each composition is poured in the small-sized stirring tank (or the suitable clean container of other capacity), fully stirred 15 minutes, the solution of Xing Chenging is that yellow transparent does not have pungent smell liquid at last, thereby preparation is finished water-based lubricating liquid (as calculated, each weight percentages of components is in the lubricating fluid at this moment: water 39.5%, trolamine boric acid ester 15%, triethanolamine oleate 12%, sebacic acid trolamine 1%, silicone antifoam agent 5 ‰ and tackifier 32%), and lubricating fluid is poured in the liquid case of circulation lubrication system standby.Water-based lubricating liquid in this example is owing to added the tackifier of maximum dose level, and therefore its viscosity number is higher in lubricating fluid viscosity variable range, after tested when room temperature this lubricating fluid viscosity number about 6.8mPas.
Closed hydrostatic slideway (the circular guideway diameter 100mm that this lubricating fluid is used to adopt round slider, length 140mm, liquid supply pressure is 2.5MPa, guide rail mean radius gap 25 μ m), with supporting lathe workplatform, the running of hydrostatic slideway system is steady after tested, and the integrated carrying ability can reach and be about 1400N, and lubricating liquid film rigidity reaches more than the 360N/ μ m.This moment, the lubricating liquid film temperature rise was less, and guide rail-plateform system has thermostability preferably, can be used for the precision sizing field.
Embodiment 3: under the situation that each component of water-based lubricating liquid has been determined, test lubricating fluid rustless property, as touchstone, (laboratory sample has comprised the many groups of lubricating fluids that contain different rust-preventive agent proportionings to adopt the monolithic method to test lubricating fluid with laminated layer method with reference to standard GB 6144-85 (regulation of cutting fluid rustless property test); For reducing test period, adopt 5% dilute aqueous solution) rustless property.Concrete testing program is as follows:
Monolithic rust prevention test: standard test piece is polished with the corundum gauze, dipping in raw spirit with absorbent cotton cleans, hair dryer dries up, draw diluent with suction pipe, drip five on the light face (every diameter 4-5mm) by the plum blossom form, test piece is put in (less water is put in the moisture eliminator bottom) on the moisture eliminator dividing plate, add a cover lens, the dryer door of closing places the thermostat container of constant temperature to 35 ℃, long run test 48h, take out and observe, five rustless is the A level, and four rustless is the B level, three rustless is the C level, and two rustless is the D level.The A level is qualified.The lubricating fluid dropping point does not all have rusty stain in the test, proves that rustless property is good under this testing circumstance.
Lamination rust prevention test: with two onesize standard test piece polishing, scourings, dry up with hair dryer, wherein a slice lies on the dividing plate of moisture eliminator, lubricating fluid to be measured is evenly coated on the treated clean surface of standard test piece with suction pipe, it is overlapping on it another sheet to be handled clean standard test piece again, then this is placed moisture eliminator to lamination, the moisture eliminator bottom will be placed with distilled water, after adding a cover moisture eliminator is put into thermostat container, constant temperature is to the specified time in 40 ℃ of thermostat containers, two test pieces are opened in taking-up, observe the surface corrosion situation immediately.10 pairs of test pieces were prepared in test, opened a pair ofly every 2 hours, found not get rusty if open the back, opened a pair ofly after 2 hours again with regard to every interval, and till finding test piece generation corrosion, the final generation corrosion time is the antirust time of this prescription.In test, solution to different rust-preventive agent mix proportion schemes is all tested, wherein mass content trolamine boric acid ester is 11%, triethanolamine oleate is 10%, the sebacic acid trolamine is that 1% lubricating fluid has embodied best rustless property, and the antirust time of its lamination is 20 hours.
Water-based lubricating liquid of the present invention and application, those skilled in the art can be by using for reference this paper content, and links such as appropriate change processing parameter, structure design realize.System of the present invention is described by different examples of implementation, and person skilled obviously can be changed or suitably change and combination system as herein described in not breaking away from content of the present invention, spirit and scope, realizes the technology of the present invention.Special needs to be pointed out is, the replacement that all are similar and change apparent to those skilled in the artly, they are regarded as being included in spirit of the present invention, scope and the content.

Claims (4)

1. viscosity controllable type water-based lubricating liquid is characterized in that component and weight percent are as follows:
Trolamine boric acid ester 8-15%;
Triethanolamine oleate 9-12%;
Sebacic acid trolamine 0.1-1%;
Alcohols tackifier 0-32%;
Silicone antifoam agent 3 ‰-5 ‰;
All the other compositions are water.
2. water-based lubricating liquid as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described alcohols comprises ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol or other nontoxic alcohols.
3. viscosity controllable type water-based lubricating liquid as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that range of viscosities is 0.9mPas-8mPas.
4. the application of viscosity controllable type water-based lubricating liquid, it is as shown in the table to it is characterized in that the corresponding relation of tackifier ethylene glycol and viscosity:
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CN103409222A (en) * 2013-08-08 2013-11-27 陕西省石油化工研究设计院 Low-viscosity grinding cutting fluid
CN104130839A (en) * 2014-07-07 2014-11-05 开封市奥科宝特种油剂有限公司 Water-soluble cutting oil applied to cutting work and guide rail lubrication
CN104293469A (en) * 2014-09-26 2015-01-21 青岛佰众化工技术有限公司 Environmentally-friendly all-synthetic metal working fluid and preparation method thereof
CN104311974A (en) * 2014-11-10 2015-01-28 青岛鑫盈鑫包装材料有限公司 Sebacic triethanolamine salt gas-phase rust-proof master batch and preparing method and application thereof
CN107022402A (en) * 2016-01-29 2017-08-08 比亚迪股份有限公司 A kind of corrosion-resistant cutting fluid and preparation method thereof
CN107353995A (en) * 2017-07-23 2017-11-17 武汉诺通润滑科技有限公司 A kind of environment-friendly type fully synthetic cutting fluid and preparation method thereof
CN108148672A (en) * 2018-01-31 2018-06-12 广东欧派斯润滑科技有限公司 Main shaft oil cooling liquid and preparation method thereof
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CN109536241A (en) * 2018-12-11 2019-03-29 长春安旨科技有限公司 A kind of biomimetic features water-based lubricating liquid
CN113061480A (en) * 2021-03-31 2021-07-02 煤炭科学技术研究院有限公司 Protective liquid for hydraulic system and preparation method and application thereof

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Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103409222A (en) * 2013-08-08 2013-11-27 陕西省石油化工研究设计院 Low-viscosity grinding cutting fluid
CN104130839A (en) * 2014-07-07 2014-11-05 开封市奥科宝特种油剂有限公司 Water-soluble cutting oil applied to cutting work and guide rail lubrication
CN104293469A (en) * 2014-09-26 2015-01-21 青岛佰众化工技术有限公司 Environmentally-friendly all-synthetic metal working fluid and preparation method thereof
CN104311974A (en) * 2014-11-10 2015-01-28 青岛鑫盈鑫包装材料有限公司 Sebacic triethanolamine salt gas-phase rust-proof master batch and preparing method and application thereof
CN107022402A (en) * 2016-01-29 2017-08-08 比亚迪股份有限公司 A kind of corrosion-resistant cutting fluid and preparation method thereof
CN107022402B (en) * 2016-01-29 2019-12-10 比亚迪股份有限公司 Corrosion-resistant cutting fluid and preparation method thereof
CN107353995A (en) * 2017-07-23 2017-11-17 武汉诺通润滑科技有限公司 A kind of environment-friendly type fully synthetic cutting fluid and preparation method thereof
DE102017215713A1 (en) 2017-09-06 2019-03-07 Sms Group Gmbh Method for operating a rolling or metallurgical plant
CN108148672A (en) * 2018-01-31 2018-06-12 广东欧派斯润滑科技有限公司 Main shaft oil cooling liquid and preparation method thereof
CN109536241A (en) * 2018-12-11 2019-03-29 长春安旨科技有限公司 A kind of biomimetic features water-based lubricating liquid
CN113061480A (en) * 2021-03-31 2021-07-02 煤炭科学技术研究院有限公司 Protective liquid for hydraulic system and preparation method and application thereof

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