CN102005965A - Ultrasonic motor driven by single-phase power supply - Google Patents
Ultrasonic motor driven by single-phase power supply Download PDFInfo
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- CN102005965A CN102005965A CN 201010564517 CN201010564517A CN102005965A CN 102005965 A CN102005965 A CN 102005965A CN 201010564517 CN201010564517 CN 201010564517 CN 201010564517 A CN201010564517 A CN 201010564517A CN 102005965 A CN102005965 A CN 102005965A
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- straight tube
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ultrasonic motor driven by a single-phase power supply. The ultrasonic motor comprises a stator, an upper rotor, a lower rotor, a mechanical output link and a pressing part, and is characterized in that: two piezoelectric sheets are arranged on the same cross section outside a hollow meal straight pipe, and extension planes of the two piezoelectric sheets form an included angle; one of the two piezoelectric sheets is connected with an alternating current power supply, and the other sheet is connected with the hollow meal straight pipe; the hollow meal straight pipe is earthed; and the piezoelectric sheets are made of a relaxation ferroelectric single monocrystal. The ultrasonic motor of the invention can have a cylinder structure with the diameter of not more than 5mm, is driven only by the single-phase power supply, overcomes the defects of large volume, complex drive circuit and the like in the conventional annular ultrasonic motor, has the advantages of small volume, simple drive circuit and the like and is easy to machine, can be integrated with other electronic equipment, and can be widely applied in the field of camera focusing, medical instruments, a micro robot, a low-temperature environment and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of supersonic motor, more particularly, relate to the supersonic motor that single phase poaer supply that a kind of inverse piezoelectric effect of utilizing the piezoelectric of relaxor ferroelectric monocrystal optimization develops drives, belong to technical field of motors.
Background technology
Supersonic motor is called for short ultrasound electric machine, claims piezo-electric motor again, is the motor type of a kind of novel concept of just being born the eighties in 20th century.Ultrasound electric machine is to adopt and traditional distinct brand-new principle of electromagnetic motor and brand-new version, do not need magnet and coil, but the inverse piezoelectric effect of utilizing piezoelectric excites the ultrasonic vibration of certain modality-specific, thereby the mechanical energy of converting electric energy to obtains a kind of driver that machinery is exported.The principle of ultrasound electric machine is the inverse piezoelectric effect by piezoelectric, utilizes and adds alternating electric field, makes the piezoelectric alternation flexible.Ultrasound electric machine mainly is made up of stator, rotor and other some members.Ultrasound electric machine is compared with traditional electromagnetic machine following advantage: 1) electromagnetic machine efficient under high speed is high but torque is little, and torque is big and efficient is high under the ultrasound electric machine low speed; Low speed high torque need not gear and increases and decreases fast mechanism and just can realize direct driving; 2) rotor inertia is little, and the response time is less than 1ms, can realize that nanoscale accurately locatees; 3) owing to the friction between the stator rotor, motor can cut off self-lock; 4) simple in structure, compact, can realize short, little, thin characteristics, easily and the realization of other device integrated; 5) be operated in supersonic range, do not produce noise; 6), thereby be not subjected to magnetic interference owing to do not use magnetoelectric induction.Therefore ultrasound electric machine is widely used in fields such as industry, civilian and Aero-Space.
Ultrasound electric machine is divided according to forms of motion, can be divided into ultrasound electric machine rotary-type and two types of linear patterns.As far back as 1987, CANON develops first camera with rotary-type ultrasound electric machine zoom, successfully annular ultrasound electric machine is applied to the high-grade camera of the serial FTM of EOS (Electro OpticalSystem), the mid-90, the supersonic motor of having developed a kind of column again was used for the focusing of camera, this motor adopts 4 annular piezoelectric ceramic, every pottery is divided into two districts, polarised direction is opposite, two is one group, polarised direction stacks on the contrary, such one group of potsherd adopts ac-excited voltage just can inspire the flexural vibrations of stator, the elliptic motion that just can synthesize the stator faces particle with two mutually perpendicular flexural vibrations, thus can the drive motors running.This type of motor is owing to relate to stacking of multi-disc piezoelectric ceramic piece, and the polarised direction difference, and technology is complicated, and adopts two-phase high-frequency alternating current signal excitation, and this causes the valency height of this class motor higher.Also has another kind of ultrasound electric machine in the prior art, this motor mainly is made up of six piezoelectric ceramic pieces, stator, rotor and hold down gags, piezoelectric ceramic piece is rotated counterclockwise 60 degree from top to bottom successively, each sheet is divided into two districts, polarised direction is opposite, after applying same voltage, a part expands, and another part dwindles.All piezoelectric ceramic pieces drive with the single-phase voltage of same phase place.But the assembling of this motor and polarization process are still comparatively complicated, are unfavorable for producing in enormous quantities.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide the supersonic motor that a kind of single phase poaer supply drives, have defect problems such as volume is big, drive circuit complexity, simplify the drive system of ultrasound electric machine greatly, satisfy industrialized demand to solve annular ultrasound electric machine of the prior art.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
The supersonic motor that a kind of single phase poaer supply drives comprises stator, upper rotor part, lower rotor part, mechanical take-off lever and compacting part, and described stator comprises piezoelectric patches, hollow metal straight tube, and piezoelectric patches is fixedlyed connected with the hollow metal straight tube; Described upper and lower rotor is located at upper end, the lower end of hollow metal straight tube respectively, and is connected with the mechanical take-off lever that runs through the hollow metal straight tube; Described compacting part comprises spring and nut; The upper end of nut and mechanical take-off lever is to be threaded; Spring housing is located on the mechanical take-off lever between nut and the upper rotor part; It is characterized in that: described piezoelectric patches is 2, be located on the same cross section in the hollow metal straight tube outside, and the extension plane of two piezoelectric patches constitutes angle; A slice in described two piezoelectric patches is connected with AC power, and another sheet is connected with the hollow metal straight tube; Described hollow metal straight tube ground connection; The material of described piezoelectric patches is a relaxor ferroelectric monocrystal.
The chemical composition of described relaxor ferroelectric monocrystal is recommended as (1-x) Pb (Mg
1/3Nb
2/3) O
3-xPbTiO
3, (1-x) Pb (Zn
1/3Nb
2/3) O
3-xPbTiO
3Or Pb (Zr
xTi
1-x) O
3In a kind of.
The chemical composition of described relaxor ferroelectric monocrystal is recommended near the accurate homotype phase boundary of solid solution.
The orientation of described relaxor ferroelectric monocrystal is recommended as＜and 001〉or＜011.
The angle on the extension plane of two piezoelectric patches is recommended as 90 °.
Described piezoelectric patches is recommended to fixedly connected with the hollow metal straight tube by epoxy resin.
Recommend to adopt integral connecting structure between described hollow metal straight tube and the lower rotor part.
Described upper and lower rotor is recommended to adopt hemisphere or conical structure, and its exterior arc surface is connected with the end face of hollow metal straight tube.
The material of described mechanical take-off lever is recommended as copper or ferroalloy.
Described supersonic motor is recommended as cylindric, its diameter≤5mm.
The mode of oscillation that supersonic motor of the present invention adopts is two first-order bending vibrations of stator, because one of first-order bending vibration at two quadratures of stator vibrates back and forth along Y-axis, another one is along X-axis flexural vibrations back and forth, two platforms of two side processing at stator, and on two platforms, paste the piezoelectric patches of size and its coupling, can cause the circular symmetry of the stator formed by piezoelectric patches and hollow metal straight tube to suffer brokenly to lack, cause along the resonance frequency f1 and the f2 of two flexural vibrations of X-axis and Y-axis inconsistently, this will cause motor properties to reduce; But when stator is encouraged, as long as between f1 and two frequencies of f2, select a frequency that stator is encouraged, just can inspire simultaneously along X-axis and two first-order bending vibrations of Y-axis, the particle on two end faces of stator is just done elliptic motion like this, drives the rotor that is placed on the stator.Therefore, supersonic motor of the present invention is when work, only need apply ac signal to a slice piezoelectric patches on the stator, the method that applies the signal of telecommunication is: metal stator ground connection, the outer interarea of piezoelectric patches applies alternating current, during the rotation direction of switch motor, it is then passable only need to carry out electric excitation to other a slice piezoelectric patches.
Compared with prior art, supersonic motor of the present invention can be designed to diameter at 5mm with interior cylindrical structure, only need single phase poaer supply to drive, defectives such as the volume that has overcome loop-shaped ultrasound motor existence commonly used is big, drive circuit complexity, have advantages such as volume is little, drive circuit simple, handling ease, can realize integrating with other electronic equipment, controllability is good, can be widely used in the fields such as camera focusing, Medical Instruments, micro robot and low temperature environment.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of supersonic motor of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of stator among Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the cutaway view along " A-A " line among Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is that piezoelectric patches adopts (1-x) Pb (Mg among Fig. 1
1/3Nb
2/3) O
3-xPbTiO
3Electric pilot tone spectrogram during the ferro-electricity single crystal sheet.
Fig. 5 is the electric pilot tone spectrogram when piezoelectric patches adopts traditional PZT potsherd among Fig. 1.
Fig. 6 is that piezoelectric patches adopts (1-x) Pb (Mg among Fig. 1
1/3Nb
2/3) O
3-xPbTiO
3During the ferro-electricity single crystal sheet under different voltage drives the rotating speed of motor curve chart;
Fig. 7 be when piezoelectric patches adopts traditional PZT potsherd among Fig. 1 under different voltage drives the rotating speed of motor curve chart.
Embodiment
Further specify technical scheme of the present invention below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Embodiment
See also Fig. 1, Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3, the supersonic motor of present embodiment, comprise stator 1, upper rotor part 2, lower rotor part 3, mechanical take-off lever 4 and compacting part 5, described stator 1 comprises piezoelectric patches 11 and hollow metal straight tube 12, and piezoelectric patches 11 is connected and fixed with hollow metal straight tube 12; Described upper rotor part 2 is located at the upper end of hollow metal straight tube 12, and described lower rotor part 3 is located at the lower end of hollow metal straight tube 12, and is connected with the mechanical take-off lever 4 that runs through hollow metal straight tube 12; Described compacting part 5 comprises spring 51 and nut 52; The upper end of nut 52 and mechanical take-off lever 4 is to be threaded; Spring 51 is set on the mechanical take-off lever 4 between nut 52 and the upper rotor part 2, by screwing nut 52 with fixed rotor and hollow metal straight tube; Described piezoelectric patches 11 is 2, is located on the same cross section in hollow metal straight tube 12 outsides, and a slice in two piezoelectric patches is connected with AC power, and another sheet is connected with the hollow metal straight tube; Described hollow metal straight tube ground connection.
The material of described piezoelectric patches 11 is a relaxor ferroelectric monocrystal, and its chemical composition is recommended as (1-x) Pb (Mg
1/3Nb
2/3) O
3-xPbTiO
3, (1-x) Pb (Zn
1/3Nb
2/3) O
3-xPbTiO
3Or Pb (Zr
xTi
1-x) O
3In a kind of.Wherein x represents the chemical constituent of different piezoelectric ceramic, and its optimum chemical constituent is near the accurate homotype phase boundary of solid solution, and its optimum chemical constituent is near the accurate homotype phase boundary of solid solution, and the preferred orientation of monocrystalline is＜001〉and＜011〉both direction.
Be integral connecting structure between described hollow metal straight tube 12 and the lower rotor part 3.
Described upper and lower rotor adopts hemisphere or conical structure, and its exterior arc surface is connected with the end face of hollow metal straight tube.Adopt the rotor of hemisphere or conical structure, can reduce the sliding friction between stator and the rotor, thereby improve efficiency of motor.
The material of described mechanical take-off lever is recommended as copper or ferroalloy.
Described hollow metal straight tube 12 is to be processed by brass tube, the overall diameter of brass tube is 5mm, and interior diameter is 3.2mm, and long is 18mm, be processed with 2 platforms in the outside of brass tube, angle between two platforms is 90 °, and platform is long to be 12.5mm, and wide is 2.7mm, on these two platforms, utilize epoxy resin to be pasted with piezoelectric patches 11, the length of piezoelectric patches is 12.5mm, and wide is 2.7mm, and thick is 1mm.
When using supersonic motor of the present invention, by the position of adjusting nut 52 spring 51 is exerted pressure, spring 51 applies certain pressure by giving stator 1 and upper rotor part 2, makes stator 1 closely contact with upper rotor part 2 and lower rotor part 3.
In order to estimate the superiority of relaxor ferroelectric monocrystal as piezoelectric patches 11, we have prepared the ultrasound electric machine of two kinds of same specifications, and one is stained with two (1-x) Pb (Mg on stator 1
1/3Nb
2/3) O
3-xPbTiO
3The ferro-electricity single crystal piezoelectric patches, one is stained with traditional PZT potsherd on stator 1, and these two types of stators and motor performance are measured.Fig. 4, Fig. 5 are respectively prepared (1-x) Pb (Mg
1/3Nb
2/3) O
3-xPbTiO
3The electric pilot tone spectrogram of ferro-electricity single crystal piezoelectric patches stator and PZT piezoelectric ceramics sheet stator.Can know according to contrast: ferro-electricity single crystal piezoelectric patches stator is much lower the conductance ratio PZT at resonance frequency place piezoelectric ceramics sheet stator.In addition, ferro-electricity single crystal piezoelectric patches stator has only a resonance frequency, illustrates that the resonance frequency of the first-order bending vibration of two quadratures is merged into one, and this is very beneficial for improving the amplitude of stator, thereby improves motor properties; And two resonance peaks of existence on the piezoelectric ceramics sheet stator, the resonance frequency division of the flexural vibrations of two quadratures is described, have only when using the ac signal of frequency between the resonance frequency of these two divisions to encourage stator, motor could run well, because the frequency of excitation is not at the resonance frequency place, this will cause the amplitude of stator lower, thereby make that the machinery output of motor is lower.Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 are respectively and adopt Optimum Excitation frequency, rotating speed of motor curve chart when utilizing different voltage drive ferro-electricity single crystal piezoelectric patches and piezoelectric ceramics sheet stator.Fig. 6 shows that the rotation speed change of ferro-electricity single crystal ultrasound electric machine forward and backward is little, and very low of starting resistor.And Fig. 7 shows that the rotation speed change of forward and backward of piezoelectric ceramics sheet motor is very big, and starting resistor height very.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will be appreciated that, above embodiment is used for illustrating purpose of the present invention, and be not as limitation of the invention, as long as in essential scope of the present invention, all will drop in the scope of claim of the present invention variation, the modification of the above embodiment.
Claims (10)
1. the supersonic motor that single phase poaer supply drives comprises stator, upper rotor part, lower rotor part, mechanical take-off lever and compacting part, and described stator comprises piezoelectric patches, hollow metal straight tube, and piezoelectric patches is fixedlyed connected with the hollow metal straight tube; Described upper and lower rotor is located at upper end, the lower end of hollow metal straight tube respectively, and is connected with the mechanical take-off lever that runs through the hollow metal straight tube; Described compacting part comprises spring and nut; The upper end of nut and mechanical take-off lever is to be threaded; Spring housing is located on the mechanical take-off lever between nut and the upper rotor part; It is characterized in that: described piezoelectric patches is 2, be located on the same cross section in the hollow metal straight tube outside, and the extension plane of two piezoelectric patches constitutes angle; A slice in described two piezoelectric patches is connected with AC power, and another sheet is connected with the hollow metal straight tube; Described hollow metal straight tube ground connection; The material of described piezoelectric patches is a relaxor ferroelectric monocrystal.
2. the supersonic motor that single phase poaer supply according to claim 1 drives is characterized in that: the chemical composition of described relaxor ferroelectric monocrystal is (1-x) Pb (Mg
1/3Nb
2/3) O
3-xPbTiO
3, (1-x) Pb (Zn
1/3Nb
2/3) O
3-xPbTiO
3Or Pb (Zr
xTi
1-x) O
3In a kind of.
3. the supersonic motor that single phase poaer supply according to claim 1 drives, it is characterized in that: the chemical composition of described relaxor ferroelectric monocrystal is in the accurate homotype phase boundary of solid solution.
4. the supersonic motor that drives according to the described single phase poaer supply of in the claim 1 to 3 each is characterized in that: being oriented to of described relaxor ferroelectric monocrystal＜001〉or＜011.
5. the supersonic motor that single phase poaer supply according to claim 1 drives, it is characterized in that: the angle on the extension plane of two piezoelectric patches is 90 °.
6. the supersonic motor that single phase poaer supply according to claim 1 drives, it is characterized in that: described piezoelectric patches is fixedlyed connected with the hollow metal straight tube by epoxy resin.
7. the supersonic motor that single phase poaer supply according to claim 1 drives is characterized in that: adopt integral connecting structure between described hollow metal straight tube and the lower rotor part.
8. the supersonic motor that single phase poaer supply according to claim 1 drives is characterized in that: described upper and lower rotor adopts hemisphere or conical structure, and its exterior arc surface is connected with the end face of hollow metal straight tube.
9. the supersonic motor that single phase poaer supply according to claim 1 drives, it is characterized in that: the material of described mechanical take-off lever is copper or ferroalloy.
10. the supersonic motor that single phase poaer supply according to claim 1 drives, it is characterized in that: described supersonic motor is cylindric, its diameter≤5mm.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 201010564517 CN102005965B (en) | 2010-11-29 | 2010-11-29 | Ultrasonic motor driven by single-phase power supply |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201010564517 CN102005965B (en) | 2010-11-29 | 2010-11-29 | Ultrasonic motor driven by single-phase power supply |
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| CN102005965B CN102005965B (en) | 2012-12-05 |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103178745A (en) * | 2012-09-21 | 2013-06-26 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | Frequency-control type single-driving bidirectional rod-type piezoelectric motor |
| CN106505908A (en) * | 2017-01-05 | 2017-03-15 | 南京工程学院 | A kind of can bidirectional rotation single-phase supersonic motor |
| CN106505907A (en) * | 2017-01-05 | 2017-03-15 | 南京工程学院 | A kind of can two-way linear operation single-phase supersonic motor |
| CN107742993A (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2018-02-27 | 河南师范大学 | Single-phase stimulable type in plane vibration ultrasound electric machine and its single-phase motivational techniques |
| CN110238873A (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2019-09-17 | 浙江师范大学 | A kind of orthogonal formula piezoelectricity articulation mechanism and its control method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1633023A (en) * | 2004-12-24 | 2005-06-29 | 清华大学 | A rotary columnar ultrasound micro-motor of flexural vibration mode |
| CN1920122A (en) * | 2005-08-22 | 2007-02-28 | 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 | Lead magnesium niobate-lead titanate piezoelectric single-crystal material for medical ultrasonic transducer |
| WO2007129987A1 (en) * | 2006-05-19 | 2007-11-15 | Microfine Materials Technologies Pte Ltd | Piezoelectric micromotor construction and method of driving the same |
-
2010
- 2010-11-29 CN CN 201010564517 patent/CN102005965B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1633023A (en) * | 2004-12-24 | 2005-06-29 | 清华大学 | A rotary columnar ultrasound micro-motor of flexural vibration mode |
| CN1920122A (en) * | 2005-08-22 | 2007-02-28 | 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 | Lead magnesium niobate-lead titanate piezoelectric single-crystal material for medical ultrasonic transducer |
| WO2007129987A1 (en) * | 2006-05-19 | 2007-11-15 | Microfine Materials Technologies Pte Ltd | Piezoelectric micromotor construction and method of driving the same |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103178745A (en) * | 2012-09-21 | 2013-06-26 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | Frequency-control type single-driving bidirectional rod-type piezoelectric motor |
| CN103178745B (en) * | 2012-09-21 | 2015-07-29 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | A kind of frequency-control-type list drives two-way rod-type piezoelectric motor |
| CN106505908A (en) * | 2017-01-05 | 2017-03-15 | 南京工程学院 | A kind of can bidirectional rotation single-phase supersonic motor |
| CN106505907A (en) * | 2017-01-05 | 2017-03-15 | 南京工程学院 | A kind of can two-way linear operation single-phase supersonic motor |
| CN106505907B (en) * | 2017-01-05 | 2018-06-12 | 南京工程学院 | It is a kind of can two-way linear operation single-phase supersonic motor |
| CN107742993A (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2018-02-27 | 河南师范大学 | Single-phase stimulable type in plane vibration ultrasound electric machine and its single-phase motivational techniques |
| CN107742993B (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2020-02-21 | 河南师范大学 | Single-phase excitation type surface internal vibration ultrasonic motor and single-phase excitation method thereof |
| CN110238873A (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2019-09-17 | 浙江师范大学 | A kind of orthogonal formula piezoelectricity articulation mechanism and its control method |
| CN110238873B (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2023-12-08 | 浙江师范大学 | Orthogonal piezoelectric joint mechanism and control method thereof |
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