CN102005875A - Brushless parallel-structure hybrid excitation synchronous generator without additional air gap - Google Patents
Brushless parallel-structure hybrid excitation synchronous generator without additional air gap Download PDFInfo
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- CN102005875A CN102005875A CN 201010538343 CN201010538343A CN102005875A CN 102005875 A CN102005875 A CN 102005875A CN 201010538343 CN201010538343 CN 201010538343 CN 201010538343 A CN201010538343 A CN 201010538343A CN 102005875 A CN102005875 A CN 102005875A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a brushless parallel-structure hybrid excitation synchronous generator without an additional air gap. The generator is composed of two parts, namely a permanent magnet motor (18) and an electrical excitation motor (19), wherein the permanent magnet motor (18) and the electrical excitation motor (19) are coaxially arranged in a shell (14) in parallel, the magnetic circuits of the two parts are mutually independent, and an armature winding (5) is arranged in the stator core of the two parts. A triphase or multiphase exciting winding (10) is also arranged in an electrical excitation stator core (13), and an electrical excitation rotor (11) is a smooth cylinder formed by laminating round silicon steel sheets. The purpose of changing total electromotive force and output voltage is realized by changing current and phase in the exciting winding (10) by a frequency converter to regulate the magnitude and phase of the electrical excitation induction electromotive force in the armature winding (5). Because the electrical excitation part is not provided with an additional air gap, magnetomotive force required by electrical excitation is small, and the regulation efficiency of the magnetic field is high. The electrical excitation magnetomotive force does not cause irreversible demagnetization to a permanent magnet, and brushless AC excitation is adopted to improve the reliability of the motor.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the additional air gap mixed excitation synchronous generator of brushless nothing of a kind of hybrid exciting synchronous motor, particularly a kind of parallel construction.
Background technology
Permagnetic synchronous motor has advantages such as reliability height, efficient height and volume are little, has many advantages with respect to traditional electric excitation synchronous motor.But magneto is because rotor adopts the permanent magnetic steel excitation, air-gap field is not easy to regulate, as generator operation, when temperature raise, permanent magnetic steel can produce reversible demagnetization, and generator output voltage is reduced, in addition, when generator loading changed, especially when inductive load increased, output voltage further reduced.Usually the voltage change ratio of permanent magnet generator is about ± 10%, and the reliability service of load equipment is had a negative impact.So hybrid exciting synchronous motor is suggested and carried out a large amount of research, the mixed excitation electric machine that multiple structure occurred, stacked system by electricity excitation magnetic field and permanent magnetic field can be divided into series excitation formula, shunt excitation formula and mixed reed-type three kinds of structures, their main thought is that permanent magnetic field is still as the main field of motor, the electricity excitation is partly regulated the part that electromotive force need be regulated, thereby has guaranteed the stable of generator output voltage.
Patent of invention (ZL.200310106346.1) has proposed a kind of mixed excitation electric machine of biconvex electrode structure, and it is made of doubly salient permanent magnet motor and electric excitation biconvex electrode electric machine two parts, and two-part stator winding is contacted mutually.The magnetic circuit magnetic resistance changes during the rotor rotation, by changing excitation winding size of current on the electric excitation partial stator, can regulate the electromotive force of electric excitation part armature winding.But this structure is utilized the reluctance type operation principle, and it is not fine making the output voltage sine, needs convertor equipment just can obtain high-quality voltage during as generator operation.
Patent of invention (ZL.200310106347.6) has proposed a kind of hybrid exciting synchronous motor of two-stage structure, and motor is divided into permagnetic synchronous motor and electric excitation synchronous motor two parts, and two parts are independent mutually on magnetic circuit, a shared cover stator armature winding.By regulating electric exciting current, i.e. the size of scalable motor powered gesture.But, reduced the reliability and the environmental suitability of motor because the exciting current of electric excitation part is incorporated into the rotor-exciting winding by brush and slip ring.
(application number: 200810024775.7) announced a kind of hybrid exciting synchronous motor of parallel construction, motor is a two-stage structure, and one section is permagnetic synchronous motor, and another section is the brush-less electrically exciting synchronous machine, two sections coaxial rotations of rotor in patent application.Two sections motors are independent mutually on magnetic circuit, the shared cover armature winding of stator, and the induced electromotive force of two sections motors superposes in armature winding.Can regulate the electromotive force size and the phase place of electric excitation part in the armature winding by the size and Orientation that changes the excitation winding electric current, thereby realize the adjusting of whole armature winding electromotive force.But electric excitation partly adopts the claw-pole motor structure, except working gas gap, also has two sections additional air gaps on the electric magnetic excitation circuit, needs to consume more electric excitation magnetomotive force, has reduced electric excitation efficiency.
Patent of invention (ZL.200510112091.9) has proposed a kind of dual-feeding mixed excitation axial magnetic field magento motor, motor in axial magnetic field rotor inner ring is as the magneto part, the outer ring is electric excitation part, regulate motor gas-gap total magnetic flux size by the current amplitude and the direction that change in the magnetic field control winding, reach the purpose that changes the induced potential size.
Summary of the invention
At the deficiency that above-mentioned prior art exists, the present invention proposes a kind of additional air gap mixed excitation synchronous generator of brushless nothing of parallel construction.
The objective of the invention is to realize by following technological means:
The brushless nothing of parallel construction of the present invention is added the air gap mixed excitation synchronous generator, is divided into magneto and electro-magnetic motor two parts in same casing, p-m rotor independent of each other and the coaxial installation of electric excitation rotor on magnetic circuit.Two parts electric machine stator iron is independently of one another, a shared cover stator armature winding, and two-part induced electromotive force superposes in armature winding.
Permagnetic synchronous motor partly is traditional surperficial magnet steel or interior permanent magnet machines structure, stator core is formed by silicon steel plate stacking, stator poles/groove cooperates the traditional distributed winding of employing even the utmost point/groove ratio of fractional-slot, to reduce the harmonic content in the armature winding electromotive force.P-m rotor further reduces harmonic content in the armature winding electromotive force by selecting suitable pole embrace or pole form optimization.The stator core of electricity excitation has identical teeth groove number with permanent magnetism partial stator iron core, but gullet depth is than the tooth depth of permanent magnet motor stator, be convenient to place excitation winding, the shared cover threephase armature winding of electro-magnetic motor and magneto has identical winding distribution form.In the stator slot of electro-magnetic motor, except above-mentioned armature winding, also embed other cover three-phase (or heterogeneous) excitation winding identical with the p-m rotor number of poles, design by the excitation winding distribution form, the resultant magnetic field harmonic wave that guarantees the exciting current generation is as much as possible little, and fundamental wave magnetic field is big as much as possible.If excitation winding is a three-phase, excitation winding axis and armature winding dead in line; If the multi-phase excitation winding, then wherein wherein mutually a dead in line of axis and threephase armature winding of a phase of multi-phase excitation winding.In order to reduce the harmonic loss of high order harmonic component magnetic field on electric excitation rotor that exciting current produces, the electricity excitation rotor smooth cylinder that circular silicon steel plate stacking forms of serving as reasons, root diameter is less than the p-m rotor diameter, there is not winding on the rotor, the air gap of electro-magnetic motor can be less than the air gap of magneto, to improve the excitation efficiency of electric excitation part.
The additional air gap mixed excitation synchronous generator of the brushless nothing of parallel construction of the present invention compared with prior art has following characteristics:
1. generator adopts AC excitation to regulate output voltage, by the size of the symmetrical exciting current of control three-phase (or heterogeneous) and the adjusting of phase place realization generator output voltage.
2. electric excitation winding is positioned at the stationary part of motor, and electric excitation rotor is smooth cylinder, does not have winding, has realized the non-brushing of excitation, has increased the reliability and the environmental suitability of motor.
3. there is not additional air gap in electric excitation part magnetic circuit, has only working gas gap, and the required magnetomotive force of electric excitation is few, electric excitation efficiency height.
4. because magneto part and electro-magnetic motor are independently of one another on magnetic circuit, regulate electric exciting current, can not cause the irreversible demagnetization of permanent magnet, the reliability height of motor.
5. under the certain situation of electro-magnetic motor maximum saturation degree,, can change the adjustable range of generator output voltage by designing electric excitation and permanent magnetism part length unshakable in one's determination.
6. by the design of stator armature winding, excitation winding distribution form and p-m rotor field structure, can obtain high-quality generator output voltage.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is elaborated:
Fig. 1 is the additional air gap mixed excitation synchronous generator axial section schematic diagram of the brushless nothing of parallel construction;
Fig. 2 is the additional air gap mixed excitation synchronous generator permanent magnetism partial cross section schematic diagram of the brushless nothing of parallel construction;
Fig. 3 is the additional air gap mixed excitation synchronous generator p-m rotor schematic cross-section of the brushless nothing of parallel construction;
Fig. 4 is the additional air gap mixed excitation synchronous generator electricity of the brushless nothing of a parallel construction excitation division partial cross-section schematic diagram.
Reference numeral:
The 1-rotating shaft, 2-bearing, 3-end cap, 4-permanent magnet machine rotor iron core, 5-armature winding, 6-permanent magnetic steel, 7-magneto air gap, the non-magnetic conduction screw of 8-stainless steel, 9-permanent magnet motor stator iron core, 10-electricity excitation winding, 11-electricity excitation rotor iron core, 12-electricity excitation part air gap, the stator core of 13-electricity excitation, the 14-casing, 15-O grommet type seal circle, 16-fan, the 17-fan guard, 18-magneto alternator part, 19-electric excitation generator part.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the additional air gap mixed excitation synchronous generator of the brushless nothing of parallel construction of the present invention is made up of the magneto alternator 18 on the left side and electric excitation generator 19 two parts on the right, is contained in the same casing 14.Permanent magnet motor stator unshakable in one's determination 9 and electric excitation stator core 13 have same teeth groove number, be 36 grooves in the present embodiment, electricity excitation part stator tooth groove is darker than the permanent magnetism part, as shown in Figure 4, the shared cover threephase armature winding 5 of two parts stator has also embedded three-phase electricity excitation winding 10 in electric excitation stator core 13.Permanent magnet machine rotor unshakable in one's determination 4 and electric excitation rotor iron core 11 are contained in the same rotating shaft 1, p-m rotor adopts surperficial magnet steel structure, permanent magnetic steel 6 adopts the non-guide screw nail 8 of stainless steel to be fixed in the rotor core 4, and shown in Fig. 2,3,4, rotor core 4 is that two No. ten steel process.Electricity excitation rotor unshakable in one's determination 11 is the smooth cylinder that is formed by round silicon steel plate stacking, does not have excitation winding above, and electric excitation part air gap 12 is littler than magneto air gap 7, to improve electric excitation efficiency.
In order to guarantee the normal operation of generator, as shown in Figure 1, alternator shaft 1 supports by two bearings 2 at two ends, and bearing 2 is installed in the bearing pedestal of two ends end cap 3.At the faying face place of electric generator casing 14 and two ends end cap 3, seal with O grommet type seal circle 15, to improve the adaptability of generator to humidity even rainwater environment.In order to improve the heat-sinking capability of generator, at the non-shaft stretching end of generator fan 16 and fan guard 17 have been installed, fan 16 is installed in the on-mechanical power input of rotating shaft 1, and generator is carried out wind-cooling heat dissipating.
The operation principle of the additional air gap mixed excitation synchronous generator of the brushless nothing of parallel construction: when feeding the symmetrical alternating current exciting current in three-phase (or heterogeneous) excitation winding, on the space of electro-magnetic motor part, form rotating excitation magnetic field, the size in rotating excitation magnetic field is relevant with exciting current, exciting current is big more, and magnetic field is strong more; The space phase of rotating magnetic field is relevant with the phase place of exciting current.By the size and the phase place of frequency converter adjusting exciting current, the i.e. size and the phase place of electric excitation induced electromotive force in the scalable armature winding.
When moving when generator no-load running or than underload, output voltage is usually above rated voltage, in the electric excitation winding of three-phase (or heterogeneous), feed the AC excitation electric current this moment, the size and the phase place of control exciting current, make the exciting current resultant magnetic field spatially opposite with the permanent magnetic field phase place, be that the exciting current resultant magnetic field is on the parallel lines of permanent magnetism magnetic pole axis, but direction and permanent magnetic field are opposite, thereby make the electric excitation electromotive force and the permanent magnetism electromotive force antiphase partly that produce in the electric excitation part of armature winding, because magneto part electromotive force and electro-magnetic motor electromotive force are superimposed in armature winding, so total electromotive force reduces in the armature winding, output voltage maintains near the rated voltage, and the exciting current of this moment has been equivalent to demagnetizing effect.
When generator institute bringing onto load continues to increase, be that armature supply is when increasing to a certain numerical value, the electromotive force that permanent magnetism partly produces just balances each other with rated voltage and generator impedance drop, and do not need electric exciting current is provided this moment, and output voltage maintains near the rated voltage.
When generator loading continues to increase, it is big that armature supply becomes, the motor impedance drop further increases, make output voltage be lower than rated voltage, need to regulate exciting current size and phase place this moment, make same-phase on synthetic magnetic field of exciting current and the magneto magnetic field space partly, be that the exciting current resultant magnetic field is on permanent magnetism magnetic pole parallel axes line, and direction is identical with permanent magnetic field, thereby the electromotive force same-phase of electromotive force that electricity excitation magnetic field is responded in armature winding and permanent magnetic field induction, synthetic electromotive force in the armature winding is greater than the Permanent Magnet and Electric kinetic potential, and exciting current has been equivalent to increase magnetic action, and output voltage continues to maintain near the rated voltage.
Claims (4)
1. the brushless nothing of parallel construction is added the air gap mixed excitation synchronous generator, magneto alternator part (18) that its main components comprises two end caps (3), casing (14), be made of rotating shaft (1), permanent magnet machine rotor iron core (4), permanent magnetic steel (6), permanent magnet motor stator iron core (9) and armature winding (5) and the electric excitation generator that is made of electric excitation rotor iron core (11), electric excitation stator core (13), electric excitation winding (10) and armature winding (5) be (19) partly, it is characterized in that:
-described magneto alternator (18) and electric excitation generator (19) are installed in the same casing (14) along axially being divided into two parts, and two parts magnetic circuit is independently of one another, the public rotating shaft of the rotor of two parts motor (1);
The public cover armature winding (5) of-described two parts motor has identical winding distribution form, by this armature winding (5) two parts motor is connected on circuit;
-permanent magnet machine rotor adopts surperficial magnet steel structure or built-in magnet steel structure;
-described permanent magnetism partial stator iron core (9) has identical teeth groove number with electric excitation stator core (13), and stator poles/groove cooperates the traditional distributed winding of employing even the utmost point/groove ratio of fractional-slot.
2. generator as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the groove of described electric excitation stator core (13) except placing armature winding (5), also embeds a cover three-phase or a heterogeneous electric excitation winding (10) than the groove depth of permanent magnetism partial stator iron core (9).
3. generator as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described electric excitation rotor iron core (11) cylinder that circular silicon steel plate stacking forms of serving as reasons does not have excitation winding on it.
4. generator as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the air gap (12) of described electric excitation generator part can be less than the air gap (7) of magneto part.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 201010538343 CN102005875B (en) | 2010-11-08 | 2010-11-08 | Brushless parallel-structure hybrid excitation synchronous generator without additional air gap |
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| CN 201010538343 CN102005875B (en) | 2010-11-08 | 2010-11-08 | Brushless parallel-structure hybrid excitation synchronous generator without additional air gap |
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| CN102005875B CN102005875B (en) | 2013-06-05 |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2012062018A1 (en) * | 2010-11-08 | 2012-05-18 | 华北电力大学 | Hybrid excitation synchronous generator with coordinate structure and ac excitation control system thereof |
| CN102510082A (en) * | 2011-10-27 | 2012-06-20 | 江苏新誉重工科技有限公司 | Power-grid-friendly-type wind power generating set and control method thereof |
| CN105914975A (en) * | 2016-07-04 | 2016-08-31 | 湖南大学 | Dual-rotor excitation combination retarder |
| CN110829662A (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2020-02-21 | 南京航空航天大学 | Parallel structure hybrid excitation brushless motor and power generation system thereof |
| CN111224477A (en) * | 2020-01-19 | 2020-06-02 | 东华大学 | Parallel structure brushless mixed excitation synchronous generator based on harmonic winding excitation |
| CN111262410A (en) * | 2020-01-19 | 2020-06-09 | 东华大学 | Brushless harmonic excitation direct-current generator with tooth harmonic self-excitation voltage stabilization capability |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1545188A (en) * | 2003-11-19 | 2004-11-10 | 南京航空航天大学 | Mixed excitation synchronous motor |
| CN1545189A (en) * | 2003-11-19 | 2004-11-10 | 南京航空航天大学 | Double salient pole mixed excitation motor |
| CN1743691A (en) * | 2005-09-26 | 2006-03-08 | 南京航空航天大学 | Low-loss mixed excitation internal rotor radial magnetic-suspension bearing |
-
2010
- 2010-11-08 CN CN 201010538343 patent/CN102005875B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1545188A (en) * | 2003-11-19 | 2004-11-10 | 南京航空航天大学 | Mixed excitation synchronous motor |
| CN1545189A (en) * | 2003-11-19 | 2004-11-10 | 南京航空航天大学 | Double salient pole mixed excitation motor |
| CN1743691A (en) * | 2005-09-26 | 2006-03-08 | 南京航空航天大学 | Low-loss mixed excitation internal rotor radial magnetic-suspension bearing |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2012062018A1 (en) * | 2010-11-08 | 2012-05-18 | 华北电力大学 | Hybrid excitation synchronous generator with coordinate structure and ac excitation control system thereof |
| CN102510082A (en) * | 2011-10-27 | 2012-06-20 | 江苏新誉重工科技有限公司 | Power-grid-friendly-type wind power generating set and control method thereof |
| CN102510082B (en) * | 2011-10-27 | 2014-07-09 | 江苏新誉重工科技有限公司 | Power-grid-friendly-type wind power generating set and control method thereof |
| CN105914975A (en) * | 2016-07-04 | 2016-08-31 | 湖南大学 | Dual-rotor excitation combination retarder |
| CN105914975B (en) * | 2016-07-04 | 2018-12-04 | 湖南大学 | A kind of birotor excitation combination retarder |
| CN110829662A (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2020-02-21 | 南京航空航天大学 | Parallel structure hybrid excitation brushless motor and power generation system thereof |
| CN111224477A (en) * | 2020-01-19 | 2020-06-02 | 东华大学 | Parallel structure brushless mixed excitation synchronous generator based on harmonic winding excitation |
| CN111262410A (en) * | 2020-01-19 | 2020-06-09 | 东华大学 | Brushless harmonic excitation direct-current generator with tooth harmonic self-excitation voltage stabilization capability |
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| CN102005875B (en) | 2013-06-05 |
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