CN102002397A - Gasification device and method for municipal domestic waste - Google Patents
Gasification device and method for municipal domestic waste Download PDFInfo
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- CN102002397A CN102002397A CN201010574948XA CN201010574948A CN102002397A CN 102002397 A CN102002397 A CN 102002397A CN 201010574948X A CN201010574948X A CN 201010574948XA CN 201010574948 A CN201010574948 A CN 201010574948A CN 102002397 A CN102002397 A CN 102002397A
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- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 99
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 26
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 title claims description 22
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 35
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract 3
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 5
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003317 industrial substance Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 description 2
- KVGZZAHHUNAVKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxin Chemical compound O1C=COC=C1 KVGZZAHHUNAVKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013178 Rhus coriaria Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000264648 Rhus coriaria Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003895 groundwater pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
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- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
A domestic garbage gasification device is composed of two identical vertical cylindrical gasification furnaces; the inner wall of the gasification furnace is coated with fireproof anticorrosive paint, the lower part of the gasification furnace is provided with a slag baffle, a movable grate is arranged below the slag baffle, an ash discharging device is arranged below the movable grate, a heat insulation layer is added outside the gasification furnace, and the top cover of the gasification furnace and the wall of the gasification furnace form detachable closed fit; the upper end of each gasification furnace is provided with a first synthesis gas outlet and a second synthesis gas outlet, and the lower end of each gasification furnace is provided with a synthesis gas inlet and a gasification agent inlet; a first synthetic gas outlet of the first gasification furnace is connected to a synthetic gas inlet of the second gasification furnace through a pipeline, a second synthetic gas outlet of the first gasification furnace is connected to flue gas condensation and purification equipment through a pipeline, a first synthetic gas outlet of the second gasification furnace is connected to a synthetic gas inlet of the first gasification furnace through a pipeline, a second synthetic gas outlet of the second gasification furnace is connected to the flue gas condensation and purification equipment through a pipeline, and gasifying agent inlets of the first gasification furnace and the second gasification furnace are respectively connected with the pipeline; the pipeline is provided with a valve.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of resource utilization method of domestic waste, more specifically saying so a kind of is raw material with the domestic waste, is adding under the vaporized chemical condition, adopts evaporating method to handle the method that domestic refuse is produced inflammable gas.
Background technology
21 century, the mankind enter kownledge economy, recycling economy epoch.Countries in the world are just set up circular form society to " develop a circular economy " and " " as the important channel of realization Sustainable development, recycling economy requires to be the standard of conduct of socio-economic activity with waste and old material " minimizing, innoxious, resource utilization; re-use, recirculation ".
The technology that can be used for domestic rubbish disposal is varied, comprises landfill technology, composting technology and incineration technology.In recent years, countries in the world are developed multiple domestic garbage resource technology one after another, by reclaiming the minimizing and the resource utilization of the useful component realization domestic refuse in the domestic refuse.Owing to a little less than the domestic rubbish disposal technical foundation of China is extremely thin, consequently some projects is arranged and fail because of technological adaptability or maturity problem.The adaptability of therefore, domestic rubbish disposal technology becomes a very important problem.
The garbage treatment state of the art:
1, landfill
So-called sanitary landfill, the land-fill method that can control percolate and landfill gas exactly.Still there are a lot of problems in the design of most of landfill yards, construction and operation, show:
(1) design concept is relatively backward, the landfill utilization ratio is not high, a large amount of land resourcess have been taken, the major part household refuse landfill sites lacks effectively basis and slope seepage control measure, because water ratio is often up to 50%～60% in the domestic refuse, the while is owing to lack the measure of effective rain sewage separation, lack compacting and covering, cause that percolate output is big, concentration is high, effectively do not handle, the pollution incident of groundwater pollution surface water constantly occurs;
(2) can realize part that resource reclaims in the domestic refuse by landfill in the lump, even consider the recycling of landfill gas, the resource utilization level of composting landfill is still very low;
(3) built by separate periods is not well implemented, and moves extensively, does not divide discrimination unit, and big area, big thickness landfill are comparatively general, do not have mostly and can accomplish in the landfill operation process according to standard compacting, covering;
(4) landfill gas is handled with utilizing system and has just been begun development, mostly be open type and discharge or discharge by vertical shaft, the landfill gas of most landfill yards still is in the uncontrollable discharge state, does not effectively utilize, not only caused Greenhouse effect, and be to produce malodorous major cause.
2, compost
During High-Temperature Composting can make the organic composition in the domestic refuse become the farmland fertilizer that can Gong use, eliminates its environmental pollution simultaneously, kills the germ in the rubbish, has innoxious and the resource utilization feature.But the composting plant of China is mainly handled mixed consumer waste, and its limitation mainly shows:
(1) because China does not also carry out general categorized consumer waste collection at present, therefore go into to contain multiple non-degradable components such as stone, metal, glass, plastics in factory's rubbish, these wastes must sort out, otherwise processed, sorting process complexity, expense are very high;
(2) even adopted sorting process, the component that is unfavorable for compost treatment in the domestic refuse can not be rejected fully, many poisonous, objectionable impuritiess can enter compost, as the long-term a large amount of compost that use in farmland, may cause potentially contaminated, particularly the enrichment in soil of some heavy metals will enter human body with food chain.
3, burn
Waste incineration is compared with landfill disposal, has little, the advantages such as the treatment time is short, minimizing is remarkable, innoxious more thorough and recyclable waste incineration waste heat of occupation of land, is more and more widely used in developed country.But burn composting following defective arranged:
(1) China's domestic refuse water ratio height, calorific value is low, needs more auxiliary fuel, and how dirt content also can influence the burning effect in the domestic refuse in addition, finally causes burning cost and rises.Except that the city of minority economy than prosperity, the mixed consumer waste calorific value in other city is low at present in China, and the dregginess height is not suitable for burning;
(2) on the other hand, because rubbish from cooking is more in China's composting, saltiness is higher, and bigger to muriate contribution in the flue gas, HCl can corrode incinerator, and the difficulty and the pollution that have also increased the flue gas processing are controlled cost.Burn and produce De dioxin problem, be difficult to solve.
Domestic garbage gasification is the process that the organic composition in the domestic refuse is generated combustion gas under reducing atmosphere with the vaporized chemical reaction.Whole gasification is divided into pyrolysis phase, oxidation stage and reduction phase.In pyrolytic process, after being heated, macromolecule organic is decomposed into the organic compound of low carbon chain, and wherein a part of volatile matter exists with gaseous form at normal temperatures, and also dehydration polyreaction generation tar takes place in some.The volatile matter that pyrolysis phase produces can with the oxygen generating gasification combustion reactions that feeds gasifying reactor, in this stage, the temperature of domestic garbage gasification reaction system raises rapidly.Material just enters reduction phase later on by oxidation zone, the CO that pyrolysis and oxidation stage produce
2The fixed carbon of not participating in reaction further reacts and forms CO, also is accompanied by H simultaneously
2O and CO
2, CO reaction forms CH
4Wait the reaction of other gaseous substances.The synthetic gas that gasification produces not only can be used for generating electricity and heat, and can also be used to producing industrial chemicals.
Compare with life refuse processing methods such as landfill, burning, compost, evaporating method have the utilization of resources flexibly, characteristics such as high efficiency and environmental pollution be little, more meet the resource utilization of offal treatment, innoxious and minimizing principle.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the defective of prior art, provide a kind of use pollution less, simple in structure, cheap, the recycling unit and the method that the domestic waste that contains Gao Shui can be gasified and then obtain heat energy and inflammable gas.The inflammable gas that adopts this method to produce can be supplied with boiler combustion and produce steam and the generating of heat supply power plant, also can be used to produce industrial chemicals.
The technical scheme that realizes first goal of the invention of the present invention is: a kind of domestic garbage gasification device, and described domestic garbage gasification apparatus main body is made up of two cylindric vapourizing furnaces of identical setting; Gasification stove internal wall scribbles fire-resistant protective system, and skimming plate is established in the bottom, and skimming plate is divided into removable fire grate, is provided with ash exhauster below the removable fire grate, and the vapourizing furnace outside adds thermal insulation layer, and vapourizing furnace top cover and gasification furnace wall form detachable airtight cooperation; The first and second synthetic gas air outlets are established in each vapourizing furnace upper end, and synthetic gas inlet mouth and vaporized chemical inlet mouth are established in the lower end; First vapourizing furnace, the first synthetic gas air outlet is by pipe connection to the second vapourizing furnace synthetic gas inlet mouth, first vapourizing furnace, the second synthetic gas air outlet by pipe connection to flue gas condensing and treating plant, second vapourizing furnace, the first synthetic gas air outlet is by pipe connection to the first vapourizing furnace synthetic gas inlet mouth, to flue gas condensing and treating plant, the vaporized chemical inlet mouth of first vapourizing furnace and second vapourizing furnace respectively and pipe connection by pipe connection in second vapourizing furnace, the second synthetic gas air outlet; Described pipeline is provided with valve.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described ash exhauster forms detachable airtight the cooperation with the gasification furnace wall.
As a further improvement on the present invention, install heating unit additional in the described vapourizing furnace, be used to improve furnace temperature when needing.
The technical scheme that realizes second goal of the invention of the present invention is: a kind of gasification process of domestic waste the steps include:
(1) domestic refuse is packed into gasification installation, airtight;
(2) by intake ducting first vapourizing furnace is fed vaporized chemical, vaporized chemical can be air, oxygen, water vapor, air and water vapor, oxygen and water vapor, carbon dioxide gas etc.;
(3) light domestic refuse in first vapourizing furnace by portfire, make first vapourizing furnace begin gasification, by the valve conversion high-temperature gasification synthetic gas that first vapourizing furnace produces is fed second vapourizing furnace, domestic refuse is wherein carried out entering the smoke eliminator purifying treatment after the drying;
Domestic garbage gasification is intact in (4) first vapourizing furnaces close after, load domestic refuse again, then second vapourizing furnace is fed vaporized chemical; Vaporized chemical can be air, oxygen, water vapor, air and water vapor, oxygen and water vapor, carbonic acid gas etc.;
(5) light domestic refuse in second vapourizing furnace by portfire, make second vapourizing furnace begin gasification,. by the valve conversion, the high-temperature gasification synthetic gas that second vapourizing furnace is produced feeds first vapourizing furnace, and domestic refuse is wherein carried out entering the smoke eliminator purifying treatment after the drying;
(6) after gasification is finished, open ash discharging hole, get rid of residue.
Repeating above step can make gasification carry out continuously.
As a further improvement on the present invention, adopt heating unit to keep furnace temperature in described step (3) and the step (5).
The present invention is simple in structure, and is easy to implement, and processing condition such as kind that can be by regulating vaporized chemical in the operating process and composition, temperature are regulated the composition of gas production rate and gas, and depending on the circumstances or the needs of the situation whether determines whether outer heating and add catalyzer.
Adopt the present invention can effectively solve the high-leveled and difficult difficult problem of moisture content in the domestic waste with gasification, can utilize domestic refuse to produce the combustible gas of high heating value, at the clean energy of realizing having obtained when waste resource is effectively handled high heating value, contribute for reducing emission of carbon dioxide, have bigger economic benefit and social benefit.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a domestic garbage gasification apparatus structure synoptic diagram in the embodiment of the invention 1;
Wherein: 1-vapourizing furnace top cover; The 2-vapourizing furnace; The removable fire grate of 3-; The 4-ash exhauster; 5-second vapourizing furnace; The 6-breather line; The A-first vapourizing furnace vaporized chemical inlet mouth; The B-second vapourizing furnace vaporized chemical inlet mouth; The C-first vapourizing furnace second synthetic gas air outlet; The D-second vapourizing furnace second synthetic gas air outlet; The E-first vapourizing furnace first synthetic gas air outlet; The F-second vapourizing furnace first synthetic gas air outlet; The G-first vapourizing furnace synthetic gas inlet mouth; The H-second vapourizing furnace synthetic gas inlet mouth; A, b, c, d, e, f-valve.
Embodiment
Be described further below in conjunction with embodiment.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of domestic waste gasification installation, the gasification installation main body is made up of two cylindric vapourizing furnaces of identical setting; Gasification stove internal wall scribbles fire-resistant protective system, and skimming plate is established in the bottom, and skimming plate is divided into removable fire grate 3, is provided with ash exhauster 4 below the removable fire grate 3, and ash exhauster 4 forms detachable airtight the cooperation with the gasification furnace wall.The vapourizing furnace outside adds thermal insulation layer, and vapourizing furnace top cover 1 and gasification furnace wall form detachable airtight cooperation; The first and second synthetic gas air outlets are established in each vapourizing furnace upper end, and synthetic gas inlet mouth and vaporized chemical inlet mouth are established in the lower end; First vapourizing furnace, the first synthetic gas air outlet E is connected to the second vapourizing furnace synthetic gas inlet mouth H by pipeline 6, first vapourizing furnace, the second synthetic gas air outlet C is connected to flue gas condensing and treating plant by pipeline 6, second vapourizing furnace, the first synthetic gas air outlet F is connected to the first vapourizing furnace synthetic gas inlet mouth G by pipeline 6, second vapourizing furnace, the second synthetic gas air outlet D is connected to flue gas condensing and treating plant by pipeline 6, and vaporized chemical inlet mouth A, the B of first vapourizing furnace and second vapourizing furnace are connected with pipeline 6 respectively.Pipeline 6 is provided with valve a, b, c, d, e, f.
A kind of gasification process of domestic waste, when being vaporized chemical with the air, the gasification process domestic waste may further comprise the steps:
(1) opens top cover 1, domestic refuse is added two vapourizing furnaces, close upper top cover and guarantee that resistance to air loss is good;
(2) open valve a, c, f, valve-off b, d, e to the first vapourizing furnace bubbling air, maintain between 0.2～0.6 excess air factor from the first vapourizing furnace vaporized chemical inlet mouth A;
(3) light domestic refuse in first vapourizing furnace by portfire, make first vapourizing furnace begin gasification, the high-temperature gasification synthetic gas of first vapourizing furnace generation simultaneously carries out drying to domestic refuse in second vapourizing furnace, and dry back enters the smoke eliminator purifying treatment by second vapourizing furnace, the second synthetic gas air outlet D;
Domestic garbage gasification is intact in (4) first vapourizing furnaces close after, again load domestic refuse, valve-off a, c, f open valve b, d, e then, to the second vapourizing furnace bubbling air, excess air factor is maintained between 0.2～0.6 from the second vapourizing furnace vaporized chemical inlet mouth B;
(5) light domestic refuse in second vapourizing furnace by portfire, make second vapourizing furnace begin gasification, the high-temperature gasification synthetic gas that vapourizing furnace 2 produces carries out drying to domestic refuse in first vapourizing furnace, and dry back enters the smoke eliminator purifying treatment by first vapourizing furnace, the second syngas outlet C;
(6) after gasification is finished, open ash discharging hole, get rid of residue.
As shown in Figure 1, this example is substantially the same manner as Example 1, and different is that used vaporized chemical is a purity oxygen, may further comprise the steps:
(1) opens top cover 1, domestic refuse is added two vapourizing furnaces, close upper top cover and guarantee that resistance to air loss is good;
(2) open valve a, c, f, valve-off b, d, e, from the first vapourizing furnace vaporized chemical inlet mouth A to the first vapourizing furnace aerating oxygen, make amount of oxygen maintain theoretical oxygen demand 0.2～0.4 between;
(3) light domestic refuse in first vapourizing furnace by portfire, make first vapourizing furnace begin gasification, the high-temperature gasification synthetic gas of first vapourizing furnace generation simultaneously carries out drying to domestic refuse in second vapourizing furnace, and dry back enters the smoke eliminator purifying treatment by second vapourizing furnace, the second synthetic gas air outlet D;
Domestic garbage gasification in (4) first vapourizing furnaces is intact close after, again load domestic refuse, valve-off a, c, f open valve b, d, e then, from the second vapourizing furnace vaporized chemical inlet mouth B to the second vapourizing furnace aerating oxygen, make amount of oxygen maintain theoretical oxygen demand 0.2～0.4 between;
(5) light domestic refuse in second vapourizing furnace by portfire, make second vapourizing furnace begin gasification, the high-temperature gasification synthetic gas that produces carries out drying to domestic refuse in first vapourizing furnace, and dry back enters the smoke eliminator purifying treatment by first vapourizing furnace, the second syngas outlet C;
(6) after gasification is finished, open ash discharging hole, get rid of residue.
As shown in Figure 1, this example is substantially the same manner as Example 1, and different is that used vaporized chemical is dress heating unit in water vapor and the vapourizing furnace (heating unit is not expression in Fig. 1), may further comprise the steps:
(1) opens top cover 1, domestic refuse is added two vapourizing furnaces, close upper top cover and guarantee that resistance to air loss is good;
(2) open valve a, c, f, valve-off b, d, e feed water vapor from the first vapourizing furnace vaporized chemical inlet mouth A to first vapourizing furnace, and the mass ratio of water vapor and domestic refuse is controlled between 0.6～1.6;
(3) light domestic refuse in first vapourizing furnace by portfire, make first vapourizing furnace begin the gasification (with heating unit the Control for Kiln Temperature of vapourizing furnace between 700 ℃～900 ℃), the high-temperature gasification synthetic gas of first vapourizing furnace generation simultaneously carries out drying to domestic refuse in second vapourizing furnace, and dry back enters the smoke eliminator purifying treatment by second vapourizing furnace, the second synthetic gas air outlet D;
Domestic garbage gasification is intact in (4) first vapourizing furnaces close after, again load domestic refuse, valve-off a, c, f then, open valve b, d, e, from the second vapourizing furnace vaporized chemical inlet mouth B second vapourizing furnace is fed water vapor, the mass ratio of water vapor and domestic refuse is controlled between 0.6～1.6;
(5) light domestic refuse in second vapourizing furnace by portfire, make second vapourizing furnace begin the gasification (with heating unit the vapourizing furnace Control for Kiln Temperature between 700 ℃～900 ℃), the high-temperature gasification synthetic gas that vapourizing furnace 2 produces carries out drying to domestic refuse in first vapourizing furnace, and dry back enters the smoke eliminator purifying treatment by first vapourizing furnace, the second syngas outlet C;
(6) after gasification is finished, open ash discharging hole, get rid of residue.
As shown in Figure 1, this example is substantially the same manner as Example 3, and different is that used vaporized chemical is air and water vapour, may further comprise the steps:
(1) opens top cover 1, domestic refuse is added two vapourizing furnaces, close upper top cover and guarantee that resistance to air loss is good;
(2) open valve a, c, f, valve-off b, d, e, from the gas mixture of the first vapourizing furnace vaporized chemical inlet mouth A to the first vapourizing furnace bubbling air and water vapor, excess air factor is maintained between 0.2～0.6, the mass ratio of water vapor and domestic refuse is controlled between 0.6～1.6;
(3) light domestic refuse in first vapourizing furnace by portfire, make first vapourizing furnace begin the gasification (with heating unit the vapourizing furnace Control for Kiln Temperature between 700 ℃～900 ℃), the high-temperature gasification synthetic gas of first vapourizing furnace generation simultaneously carries out drying to domestic refuse in second vapourizing furnace, and dry back enters the smoke eliminator purifying treatment by second vapourizing furnace, the second syngas outlet D;
Domestic garbage gasification in (4) first vapourizing furnaces is intact close after, again load domestic refuse, valve-off a, c, f then, open valve b, d, e, from the gas mixture of the second vapourizing furnace vaporized chemical inlet mouth B to the second vapourizing furnace bubbling air and water vapor, excess air factor is maintained between 0.2～0.6, and the mass ratio of water vapor and domestic refuse is controlled between 0.6～1.6;
(5) light domestic refuse in second vapourizing furnace by portfire, make second vapourizing furnace begin gasification, with heating unit the vapourizing furnace Control for Kiln Temperature between 700 ℃～900 ℃, the high-temperature gasification synthetic gas that produces carries out drying to domestic refuse in first vapourizing furnace, and dry back enters the smoke eliminator purifying treatment by first vapourizing furnace, the second syngas outlet C;
(6) after gasification is finished, open ash discharging hole, get rid of residue.
As shown in Figure 1, this example is substantially the same manner as Example 3, and different is that used vaporized chemical is the gas mixture of purity oxygen and water vapour, may further comprise the steps:
(1) opens top cover 1, domestic refuse is added two vapourizing furnaces, close upper top cover and guarantee that resistance to air loss is good;
(2) open valve a, c, f, valve-off b, d, e, feed the gas mixture of purity oxygen and water vapor to first vapourizing furnace from the first vapourizing furnace vaporized chemical inlet mouth A, make the amount that adds oxygen be theoretical oxygen demand 0.2～0.6 between, the mass ratio of water vapor and domestic refuse is controlled between 0.6～1.6;
(3) light domestic refuse in first vapourizing furnace by portfire, make first vapourizing furnace begin the gasification (with heating unit the vapourizing furnace Control for Kiln Temperature between 700 ℃～900 ℃), the high-temperature gasification synthetic gas of first vapourizing furnace generation simultaneously carries out drying to domestic refuse in second vapourizing furnace, and dry back enters the smoke eliminator purifying treatment by second vapourizing furnace, the second synthetic gas air outlet D;
Domestic garbage gasification in (4) first vapourizing furnaces is intact close after, again load domestic refuse, valve-off a, c, f then, open valve b, d, e, second vapourizing furnace is fed the gas mixture of purity oxygen and water vapor from the second vapourizing furnace vaporized chemical inlet mouth B, make the amount that adds oxygen be theoretical oxygen demand 0.2～0.6 between, the mass ratio of water vapor and domestic refuse is controlled between 0.6～1.6;
(5) light domestic refuse in second vapourizing furnace by portfire, make second vapourizing furnace begin the gasification (with heating unit the vapourizing furnace Control for Kiln Temperature between 700 ℃～900 ℃), the high-temperature gasification synthetic gas that produces is that domestic refuse is carried out drying in first vapourizing furnace, and dry back enters the smoke eliminator purifying treatment by first vapourizing furnace, the second syngas outlet C;
After gasification is finished, open ash discharging hole, get rid of residue.
Claims (10)
1. a domestic garbage gasification device is characterized in that, described domestic garbage gasification apparatus main body is made up of two cylindric vapourizing furnaces of identical setting; Gasification stove internal wall scribbles fire-resistant protective system, and skimming plate is established in the bottom, and skimming plate is divided into removable fire grate, is provided with ash exhauster below the removable fire grate, and the vapourizing furnace outside adds thermal insulation layer, and vapourizing furnace top cover and gasification furnace wall form detachable airtight cooperation; The first and second synthetic gas air outlets are established in each vapourizing furnace upper end, and synthetic gas inlet mouth and vaporized chemical inlet mouth are established in the lower end; First vapourizing furnace, the first synthetic gas air outlet is by pipe connection to the second vapourizing furnace synthetic gas inlet mouth, first vapourizing furnace, the second synthetic gas air outlet by pipe connection to flue gas condensing and treating plant, second vapourizing furnace, the first synthetic gas air outlet is by pipe connection to the first vapourizing furnace synthetic gas inlet mouth, to flue gas condensing and treating plant, the vaporized chemical inlet mouth of first vapourizing furnace and second vapourizing furnace respectively and pipe connection by pipe connection in second vapourizing furnace, the second synthetic gas air outlet; Described pipeline is provided with valve.
2. domestic waste gasification installation according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described ash exhauster forms detachable airtight the cooperation with the gasification furnace wall.
3. domestic waste gasification installation according to claim 1 installs heating unit additional in the described vapourizing furnace.
4. the gasification process of a domestic waste is characterized in that, steps of the method are:
With the domestic refuse gasification installation of packing into, airtight;
By intake ducting first vapourizing furnace is fed vaporized chemical, vaporized chemical can be air, oxygen, water vapor, air and water vapor, oxygen and water vapor, carbon dioxide gas etc.;
Light domestic refuse in first vapourizing furnace by portfire, make first vapourizing furnace begin gasification, by valve conversion the high-temperature gasification synthetic gas that first vapourizing furnace produces is fed second vapourizing furnace, domestic refuse is wherein carried out entering the smoke eliminator purifying treatment after the drying;
Domestic garbage gasification is intact in first vapourizing furnace close after, load domestic refuse again, then second vapourizing furnace is fed vaporized chemical; Vaporized chemical can be air, oxygen, water vapor, air and water vapor, oxygen and water vapor, carbonic acid gas etc.;
Light domestic refuse in second vapourizing furnace by portfire, make second vapourizing furnace begin gasification,. by valve conversion, logical first vapourizing furnace of high-temperature gasification synthetic gas that second vapourizing furnace is produced carries out entering the smoke eliminator purifying treatment after the drying to domestic refuse wherein;
After gasification is finished, open ash discharging hole, get rid of residue.
5. according to the described domestic waste gasification process of claim .4, it is characterized in that the vaporized chemical in described step (2), (4) is an air, excess air factor maintains between 0.2 ~ 0.6.
6. domestic waste gasification process according to claim 4 is characterized in that, the vaporized chemical in described step (2) and (4) is an oxygen, add amount of oxygen and be theoretical oxygen demand 0.2 ~ 0.5 between.
7. domestic waste gasification process according to claim 4 is characterized in that, used vaporized chemical is a water vapor in described step (2) and (4), and the mass ratio of water vapor and domestic waste is controlled between 0.6～1.6.
8. domestic waste gasification process according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described step (2), (4) used vaporized chemical are the gas mixture of air and water vapor, excess air factor maintains between 0.2 ~ 0.6, and the mass ratio of water vapor and domestic waste is controlled between 0.6～1.6.
9. domestic waste gasification process according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, the used vaporized chemical in described step (2) and (4) is the gas mixture of purity oxygen and water vapor, the amount that adds oxygen theoretical oxygen requirement 0.2 ~ 0.5 between, the mass ratio of water vapor and domestic waste is controlled between 0.6～1.6.
10. domestic waste gasification process according to claim 4 is characterized in that, further comprises in described step (3) and (5): adopt heating unit, with the vapourizing furnace Control for Kiln Temperature between 700 ℃～900 ℃.
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