CN101999479A - Full-automatic tea processing method and equipment - Google Patents
Full-automatic tea processing method and equipment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to full-automatic tea processing method and equipment. The tea processing production method comprises the steps of spreading fresh tea leaves, drying, breezing, initially kneading, deblocking , drying again, spreading for cooling, kneading again, rolling, spreading for cooling and dampening, fully drying, spreading for cooling and grading for packaging. The processing method is finished by adopting a device comprising a fresh tea leaf spreading device, a fresh tea leaf flowmeter, a roller type drying machine, a winnowing machine, a rated metering device, a kneading and twisting machine, a drier, a cooling conveyor, a frying machine, plate turning type spreading and dampening equipment, automatic bagging and packaging equipment and conveying equipment; all equipment is connected by the conveying equipment; the equipment is respectively provided with a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) and realizes interconnection by Ethernet; a central control room is provided with a supervisory computer; the supervisory computer acquires the condition parameters of all PLCs in real time by a network, visually displays the running conditions of all equipment in the field in a configuration interface way and can operate an executing mechanism or modify the process parameter by a configuration interface on the supervisory computer.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to a kind of machine for processing tea field, relate in particular to a kind of full automatic Tea Processing production equipment, the invention still further relates to a kind of processing method of tealeaves.
Background technology
The Tea Processing fine craftsmanship of China, the history in existing thousands of years, the Tea Industry of countries in the world all directly or indirectly originates from China, but Tea Processing still mainly relies on artificial experience at present, with standardization, still there is a big difference for the standardization processing request.Trace it to its cause, the one, people lack process engineering essence and Study on Regularity the many of perceptual knowledges that also rest on of the understanding of Tea Processing, guide the theory of technology and product not establish as yet with advanced tea machine; The 2nd, state-run in recent years tea machine factory go bankrupt one after another, tea machine factory individuation, miniaturization, and disorderly competition causes the basis fragile between the producer, unablely carries out technological innovation, and modern scientific and technical result is used on the tea machine less, makes machine for processing tea totally lag behind processing technology.
The device fabrication of the machine for processing tea unit of China has had history for a long time, but the control level of automatic assembly line is relatively backward.The technical bottleneck of restriction China Tea Processing automatic assembly line equipment mainly contains: 1, do not have tealeaves continuous processing equipments such as continuous tea-rolling machine, continuously tea cylinder roasting machine; 2, linking equipment can not satisfy the requirement that serialization is processed in the middle of the streamline processing; 3, intelligent level is lower, and China's process for tea manufacture is of a great variety, and same production line is done a large amount of debugging work at different arts demands, and existing equipment can not be suitable for the technological requirement of producing multiple tealeaves fast; 4, energy resource consumption height, not environmental protection etc.These factors cause that Tea Processing streamline production efficiency is low, tea leaf quality is not high, in the production process labour intensity big, consume high.
Summary of the invention
At the problems referred to above, the object of the present invention is to provide the full-automatic equipment of a kind of Tea Processing, improve the automaticity in the Tea Production process, make Tea Production equipment can be suitable for the technological requirement of multiple Tea Production fast, and make the production of tealeaves realize pipelining, improve the product quality of tealeaves.
Another object of the present invention is to utilize equipment of the present invention, and a kind of tea producing method is provided.
The basic technical scheme that the present invention adopts is: a kind of full-automatic tealeaves processing equipment, spread out blue or green device by bright leaf, bright leaf flowmeter, cylinder type water-removing machine, winnowing machine, the quota metering device, kneading machine, dryer, coolconveyer, roasting machine, turnover plate type spreading for cooling moisture regain equipment, the automatic bagging baling equipment, conveying equipment makes up and forms, connect by conveying equipment between each equipment, in order to adapt to the needs that production line automation is produced, that the present invention has adopted the special use of Tea Production line or transform tea-processing equipment, its characteristics are: described equipment all disposes a PLC controller, independently switch board is set, at Central Control Room host computer is set, all PLC controllers are realized interconnected by Ethernet, host computer is gathered the duty parameter of each PLC controller during by network implementation, mode with the configuration interface intuitively shows on-the-spot each equipment operating condition, and can or revise technological parameter by the operation executing agency of the configuration picture on the host computer.
As one of improvement project of basic technical scheme: described cylinder type water-removing machine (3) is provided with speed setting unit, its rotating speed is adjustable, thereby the processing technology that adapts to different disposal ability and tealeaves, its thermal source adopts natural gas or liquefied petroleum gas, be provided with temperature feedback system and magnetic valve regulation and control system, the size of regulating firepower by control system automatically.
As two of the improvement project of basic technical scheme: described winnowing machine (4) is installed the variable-frequency motor governing system, and its wind-force size is by the variable-frequency motor adjustment.
As three of the improvement project of basic technical scheme: described conveying equipment (16) adopts and tiltedly carries, one or more conveying equipments in upright conveying, vibra shoot or flat the conveying.
As four of the improvement project of basic technical scheme: PLC controller, touch-screen and action button indicator lamp are installed in the described switch board.Each switch board is networked by fieldbus, realizes network service and data sharing; Be provided with master station in the control room, communication gate be installed, and be provided with industrial computer, on industrial computer, do configuration, realize middle control whole production line.The user can monitor the real time execution operating mode of each equipment by the computer configuration of central control room, realizes the operational factor of each controlling unit of online modification, thereby realizes each equipment is controlled adjustment with production technology in real time.
Above improvement project can be implemented alone or in combination.
The technical scheme that the present invention also adopts is: a kind of Tea Processing production method of using described full-automatic tealeaves processing equipment comprises the following steps: 1) bright leaf spreads, 2) complete, 3) fresh breeze, 4) just rub, 5) baking two green grass or young crops, 6) spreading for cooling, 7) rub again, 8) roll three green grass or young crops, 9) spreading for cooling moisture regain, 10) the baking foot does, 11) spreading for cooling, 12) the classification pack.
On the basis of described Tea Processing production method, just rub up and rub step again and preferably use kneading machine of the present invention, be arranged in parallel 2-6 platform kneading machine, knead needed tealeaves weight by the self-measuring device weighing before kneading.
On the basis of described Tea Processing production method, described baking two green grass or young crops are preferably adopted blinds dryer or microwave drying equipment with rolling in the three blue or green processes.
On the basis of described Tea Processing production method, dry by the fire before two green grass or young crops and preferably make the tealeaves flow at the uniform velocity by even leaf machine.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the Distributed Control System that adopts decentralised control to manage concentratedly has improved the intelligent degree of field apparatus greatly, make each switch board on the production line all have very strong control ability and self-diagnosis of trouble cutting capacity, when communication network breaks down, still can finish the control task of this operation according to the technological parameter of setting, and make equipment be in safe work state all the time, and can regulate the operating condition of each equipment on the production line easily.The centralized management of Central Control Room can observe each equipment real time execution parameter intuitively, and when field apparatus broke down, configuration picture meeting alarm also sent chimes of doom, simultaneously alert event is noted down, and helps reducing the labour intensity in the production process.Host computer can also carry out history curve record and storage to more on-the-spot key parameters, as the temperature of green-keeping machine, the temperature of dryer etc., is convenient to the run parameter of monitoring equipment, to improving the tea products quality positive meaning is arranged.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is full automatic tea-processing equipment structural representation.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, by embodiment the present invention is described in further detail, but the scope that does not limit the present invention in any way.
As shown in Figure 1, the full-automatic tealeaves process equipment of the present invention spreads out blue or green equipment 1, bright leaf flowmeter 2, cartridge type green-keeping machine 3, winnowing machine 4, quota metering device 5, kneading machine 6, dryer 7, coolconveyer 8, quota metering device 9, full-automatic kneading machine 10, roasting machine 11, turnover plate type spreading for cooling moisture regain equipment 12, turnover plate type dryer 13, coolconveyer 14, automatic bagging baling equipment 15, conveying equipment 16 and relevant PLC control system, industry control host computer etc. by bright leaf to be formed, and connects by corresponding conveying equipment 16 between each equipment.Described equipment all disposes a PLC controller, independently switch board is set, PLC and touch-screen and action button indicator lamp are installed in the switch board, all PLC controllers are realized interconnected by Ethernet, each switch board is networked by fieldbus, realize network service and data sharing, the industry control host computer is set in the control room, communication gate is installed, host computer is gathered the duty parameter of each PLC controller during by network implementation, mode with the configuration interface intuitively shows on-the-spot each equipment operating condition, and can or revise technological parameter by the operation executing agency of the configuration picture on the host computer, realizes the control to whole production line.
Referring to Fig. 1, a kind of green tea processing method.Pass through following steps successively: 1) bright leaf spread, 2) complete, 3) fresh breeze, 4) just rub, 5) baking two green grass or young crops, 6) spreading for cooling, 7) rub again, 8) roll three green grass or young crops, 9) spreading for cooling moisture regain, 10) the baking foot does, 11) spreading for cooling, 12) the classification pack.In finishing above step process, fresh tea passes enters bright leaf from conveying equipment 16 a and spreads out blue or green device 1 and spread, all even spreading for cooling in stacking process, then from conveying equipment 16b, 16c enters bright leaf flowmeter 2, behind dynamic measuring, enter 70 cylinder type water-removing machines 3 from conveying equipment 16d, enter winnowing machine 4 from net belt type coolconveyer 8, after selection by winnowing from conveying equipment 16e, 16f enters quota metering device 5, enter full-automatic 55 type kneading machines 6 from conveying equipment 16g, from conveying equipment 16h, 16i enters dryer 7, tealeaves is from cooling off conveyer 8, conveying equipment 16j, 16K, quota measuring equipment 9, conveying equipment 16i enters full-automatic kneading machine 10, through conveying equipment 16m, 16n, 160 and 16q carry and rise to four dryers 11, oven dry back self-conveying apparatus 16p enters turnover plate type spreading for cooling moisture regain equipment 12, enter turnover plate type dryer 13 through conveying equipment 16r and 16s again, oven dry is after conveying equipment 16t, coolconveyer 14 is sent into automatic bagging baling equipment 15 and is packed
Bright leaf spreads effect and purpose is to distribute green grass gas, promote tea perfume (or spice), alleviate bitter taste and increase amino acid whose content, the bright refreshing degree of raising, also helps improving tea color.Tealeaves spreads the time and was generally 6-12 hour, thereby reduces the tealeaves water content.
Spread device 1 and form, always be about 25-50 rice by the blue or green platform of oblique conveying equipment and stand, oblique conveying equipment of bright leaf and the motor linkage that spreads device, at the bright leaf of difference, the time of spreading can be designed to 3 grades: 6 hours, 8 hours, 12 hours.
The effect of bright leaf flowmeter 2 makes the cartridge type green-keeping machine 3 instantaneous bright leaf dynamic equalizations that complete, and promptly is left to green-keeping machine by the flow of setting, and guarantees the effect that completes.This equipment is made up of metering device, the even oblique conveying equipment of leaf and vibra shoot.
Cartridge type green-keeping machine 3 is identical with the operation principle of traditional green-keeping machine, but what thermal source adopted is natural gas or liquefied petroleum gas, and carried out automatic improving, be provided with temperature feedback system and magnetic valve regulation and control system, the firepower size can be controlled automatically by the feedback of temperature sensor, and the rotating speed of the tube that completes also can be regulated as required.
The winnowing machine 4 that the fresh breeze process is used is compared with legacy equipment, has the function of adjusting the wind-force size, thereby makes selection by winnowing function optimum.
The effect of the quota metering device 5 before kneading is to guarantee that the tealeaves of at every turn kneading reaches preset requirement, and quota metering device 5 is made up of two-way flat failing with electronic scale.
The effect of tea rolling is: rolling-in tea bar, and reduced volume is laid a solid foundation for frying dried slivering; Suitably destroy leaf texture, should bubble out easily by tealeaves, endure repeated infusions again.Just rub up and rub all two kneading machines in parallel again, but it is littler than the kneading machine of just rubbing to rub the kneading machine of usefulness again, the rub barrel rotating speed of kneading machine and pressue device can carry out programme-control by the PLC control system.
The effect of drying by the fire two green grass or young crops is that tealeaves moisture is further distributed, and it is flexible that hand is pinched tealeaves, holds tealeaves and is difficult for loosely, and the food value of leaf is still soft, slightly feels hand and is appropriateness.Dry by the fire preferred louver dryer of two blue or green drying equipments and microwave drying equipment.
The effect of turnover plate type spreading for cooling moisture regain equipment 12 is that the tealeaves behind baking two green grass or young crops is in time cooled off, cool to room temperature, the feel non-scald on hand, promptly when the leaf temperature be to draw leaf in about 40 ℃, enter next operation.
Roll three blue or green four roasting machine 11 parallel connections, roasting machine use liquefied petroleum gas or the natural gases, but the adjustable rotating of roasting machine rotating speed of using, advance tea and fry to do that tealeaves can not drop in the process, turnover tealeaves is convenient, and configuration hydrofuge and dust arrester, and temperature can be regulated as required.Roasting machine also can substitute with microwave heating equipment.
The effect of spreading for cooling moisture regain is to enter next step operation again after making tealeaves moisture dried partially and tide partially walk to spare, and even to guarantee tea color and moisture, spreading for cooling is to room temperature.Institute's use equipment is coolconveyer 8, one of these functions of the equipments are that the tealeaves after the last process heating is cooled off, two of function is to realize moisture regain while carrying on streamline, and this equipment is equipped with continuous speed regulation system, and the moisture regain time can be regulated in certain limit.
The purpose that baking foot is done is that the tealeaves water content is dropped to below 6%, and it is flexible to pinch tealeaves with hand, holds tealeaves and is difficult for loosely, and the food value of leaf is still soft, slightly feels hand and is appropriateness.High slightly when temperature is than baking two green grass or young crops in the production process, drying time is blue or green longer than baking two.The baking foot is done employed equipment dryer 13, also can substitute with microwave drying.
Packing employed equipment is to put down oblique one Z font conveyer, and the top adds the cooling fan cooling, and through oblique conveying equipment hoisting depth, the requirement for height of simple and easy bagging equipment is answered in the height choosing after the lifting, is convenient to pack, adopts shrink-wrap equipment, and automatic the filling wrapped.
PLC controller of each process configurations on the production line, independently switch board is set, all PLC controllers are realized interconnected by Ethernet, at Central Control Room host computer is set, host computer is gathered the duty parameter of each PLC controller during by network implementation, mode with the configuration interface intuitively shows on-the-spot each equipment operating condition, and can or revise technological parameter by the operation executing agency of the configuration picture on the host computer.In the communication network design of system, adopt two-shipper dual-ring network technology based on Ethernet, native system has also adopted the long distance control system based on PSTN or INTERNET.
The Distributed Control System of this decentralised control centralized management has improved the intelligent degree of field apparatus greatly, make the switch board on each production line have very strong control ability and self-diagnosis of trouble cutting capacity, when communication network breaks down, still can finish the control task of this operation according to the technological parameter of setting, and make equipment be in safe work state all the time, also help producing the technology adjustment of different local tea varieties.The centralized management of Central Control Room can observe each equipment real time execution parameter intuitively, and when field apparatus broke down, configuration picture meeting alarm also sent chimes of doom, simultaneously alert event is noted down.Host computer can also carry out history curve record and storage to more on-the-spot key parameters, as the temperature of green-keeping machine, the temperature of dryer etc., is convenient to the run parameter of monitoring equipment, to improving the tea products quality positive meaning is arranged.
Because every equipment all has the PLC controller of oneself, so every equipment on the production line can work independently, also can sell as stand-alone product separately, has improved the degree of modularity and the opening of production line greatly.At different production technologies, can use different production equipments to be optimized combination, guarantee the optimization of technological parameter, have simultaneously and can effectively control cost.
Claims (9)
1. full-automatic tealeaves processing equipment, spread out blue or green device (1) by bright leaf, bright leaf flowmeter (2), cylinder type water-removing machine (3), winnowing machine (4), quota metering device (5,9), kneading machine (6), dryer (7), coolconveyer (8), kneading machine (10), roasting machine (11), turnover plate type spreading for cooling moisture regain equipment (12), turnover plate type dryer (13), coolconveyer (14), automatic bagging baling equipment (15), conveying equipment (16) is formed, connect by conveying equipment between each equipment, it is characterized in that: described equipment respectively is provided with a PLC controller, independently switch board is set, all PLC realize interconnected by Ethernet, at Central Control Room host computer is set, host computer is gathered the duty parameter of each PLC during by network implementation, mode with the configuration interface intuitively shows on-the-spot each equipment operating condition, and can or revise technological parameter by the operation executing agency of the configuration picture on the host computer.
2. according to the described Tea Processing production equipment of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described cylinder type water-removing machine (3) is provided with speed setting unit, its rotating speed is adjustable, thereby the processing technology that adapts to different disposal ability and tealeaves, its thermal source adopts natural gas or liquefied petroleum gas, be provided with temperature feedback system and magnetic valve regulation and control system, the size of regulating firepower by feedback control system automatically.
3. Tea Processing production equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described winnowing machine (4) is installed the variable-frequency motor governing system, and the big I of its wind-force is by the variable-frequency motor adjustment.
4. Tea Processing production equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described conveying equipment (16) adopts and tiltedly carries, stands one or more conveying equipments in conveying, vibra shoot or flat the conveying.
5. Tea Processing production equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: PLC controller, touch-screen and action button indicator lamp are installed in the described switch board, are networked by fieldbus between each switch board, realize network service and data sharing; Be provided with master station in the control room, communication gate be installed, and be provided with industrial computer, realize control whole production line.
6. a Tea Processing production method of using the described Tea Processing production equipment of claim 1 is characterized in that: comprise the following steps: 1) bright leaf spreads, 2) complete, 3) fresh breeze, 4) just rub, 5) baking two green grass or young crops, 6) spreading for cooling, 7) rub again, 8) roll three green grass or young crops, 9) spreading for cooling moisture regain, 10) the baking foot does, 11) spreading for cooling, 12) the classification pack.
7. Tea Processing production method according to claim 6 is characterized in that: rub up at the beginning of described and rub step use kneading machine (6) again, be arranged in parallel 2-6 platform kneading machine, knead needed tealeaves weight by the self-measuring device weighing before kneading.
8. Tea Processing production method according to claim 6 is characterized in that: described baking two green grass or young crops are adopted blinds dryer or microwave drying equipment with rolling in the three blue or green processes.
9. Tea Processing production method according to claim 8 is characterized in that: make the tealeaves flow at the uniform velocity by even leaf machine before baking two green grass or young crops.
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