CN101986844A - Application of asarum extract in preventing and controlling agricultural mites - Google Patents
Application of asarum extract in preventing and controlling agricultural mites Download PDFInfo
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- CN101986844A CN101986844A CN2010105633962A CN201010563396A CN101986844A CN 101986844 A CN101986844 A CN 101986844A CN 2010105633962 A CN2010105633962 A CN 2010105633962A CN 201010563396 A CN201010563396 A CN 201010563396A CN 101986844 A CN101986844 A CN 101986844A
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- herba asari
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Abstract
The invention relates to application of an asarum extract in preventing and controlling agricultural mites. The asarum extract is prepared by the method comprising the following steps of: washing whole asarum herbs, drying in the shade, crushing by using a plant crusher, screening by using a 40-mesh sieve, adding 2-10 times of 95% ethanol, settling at room temperature, leaching for 1-7 days, stirring occasionally during leaching, and filtering to obtain a leach liquor; adding 2-10 times of 95% ethanol again into the filter residue, and extracting twice according to the above-mentioned method; and concentrating under reduced pressure by using a rotary evaporator to obtain the asarum extract. Various conventional auxiliary materials required by preparing different pesticide preparations can be added into the asarum extract, any kind of conventional pesticide preparation can be prepared by using the conventional preparation process, and the conventional pesticide preparations can be wettable powder, missible oil, suspending agents and aqueous solution agents. Compared with chemically prepared pesticides, the asarum extract has the advantages of high effect, low residue and harmony with the environment and other living beings.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of plant extracts, the purposes of particularly a kind of Herba Asari extract in control agricultural evil mite.
Background technology
Phytophagous mites belongs to modal plant evil mite, can make many important economic crops, as the serious underproduction of fruit, cotton, vegetables and ornamental plants, is the pest group of the most difficult control of generally acknowledging.Chemical pesticide is to the pest mite class in the control agricultural production; cover crop is injury-free and ensure that agricultural economy has played important function; but the long-term use of chemical pesticide has brought all drawbacks; exceed standard as residue of pesticide in the agricultural product; person poultry poisoning's incident increases; insect develops immunity to drugs, and natural enemy quantity die-offs, and the ecological balance goes to pot or the like.Therefore, efficiently, the acaricidal development of wide spectrum, safety has become the task of top priority.As the botanical pesticide in the biopesticide, have efficient, low toxicity or nontoxic, low-residual, selectivity height, evil mite generally be difficult to its produce resistance, again easily with advantages such as other agricultural chemicals are mixed mutually, the extremely extensive attention of the whole world pesticide research and the department of application, the plant resource miticide of for this reason developing environmental protection becomes control agricultural evil mite, promotes the important measures of agricultural sustainable development.
The root of Chinese wild ginger is a herbaceos perennial, mainly originate in East Asia and North America, the whole world has 100 kinds approximately, and China has 30 kinds, and head is stated from Shennong's Herbal as Chinese medicine, belong to Aristolochiaceae asarum herbaceos perennial, be conventional Chinese medicine, root of Chinese wild ginger flavor is hot warm in nature, slightly poisonous, effect with expelling wind and clearing away cold, understand things pain-stopping, warming lung to reduce watery phlegm, the traditional Chinese medical science are used for anemofrigid cold, headache, toothache, nasal obstruction nasosinusitis, arthralgia due to wind-dampness, phlegm and retained fluid and cough and disease such as breathe heavily.At present, do not find the purposes of Herba Asari extract in control agricultural evil mite as yet.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of Herba Asari extract, this Herba Asari extract can be applicable to prevent and treat agricultural evil mite aspect.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: Herba Asari extract provided by the invention is prepared from by following method: root of Chinese wild ginger herb is cleaned, dry in the shade, pulverize with the plant cracker, cross 40 mesh sieves, add 2～10 times of amount 95% ethanol, room temperature left standstill lixiviate 1～7 day, and stir often the centre, filter, get leaching liquor; Filter residue adds the 95% ethanol lixiviate of 2～10 times of amounts once more, extracts twice more as stated above, merges three times leaching liquor; Use the Rotary Evaporators concentrating under reduced pressure then, get the pitchy stiff paste form and promptly get Herba Asari extract.
The present invention also provides Herba Asari extract preferred for preparation method: root of Chinese wild ginger herb is clean, dry in the shade, and the plant cracker is pulverized, and crosses 40 mesh sieves, adds 4～6 times of amount 95% ethanol, and room temperature left standstill lixiviate 3～5 days, and stir often the centre, filters, and gets leaching liquor.Filter residue adds the 95% ethanol lixiviate of 4～6 times of amounts once more, extracts twice more as stated above, merges three times leaching liquor.Use the Rotary Evaporators concentrating under reduced pressure then, get the pitchy stiff paste form and promptly get Herba Asari extract.
Among the described Herba Asari extract preparation method, solvent for use can also be selected a kind of in benzinum, ether, ethyl acetate, cyclohexane, chloroform, benzene, acetone, methyl alcohol, the water etc. for use non-limitingly except that 95% ethanol.
Above-mentioned gained Herba Asari extract of the present invention can add the different required various conventional auxiliary materials of pesticidal preparations of preparation, preparation technology is prepared into any agricultural chemicals conventional formulation routinely, and these conventional formulations can be wetting powder, missible oil, suspending agent, aqua etc.
Below by two experiments detailed hot extract in control agricultural evil mite beneficial effect.
The acaricidal activity determination experiment of experimental example 1. Herba Asari extracts.
That adopts that FAO recommends kills mite standard method-slide infusion process to the Tetranychus urticae biological activity determination of tagging.
Experiment material:
Obtain the Herba Asari extract of 95% ethanol as follows: dry root of Chinese wild ginger herb 500 grams are pulverized, crossed 40 mesh sieves,, filter, get leaching liquor with 95% ethanol room temperature lixiviate of 5 times of amounts 4 days.Filter residue adds 95% ethanol lixiviate of 5 times of amounts again, filters.Three times like this, three leaching liquors are merged, concentrating under reduced pressure promptly gets Herba Asari extract of the present invention, and yield is 3.65%.Take by weighing the above-mentioned Herba Asari extract of 0.2g then, the acetone solution that adds extract cumulative volume 1 % stirs with 0.5% Tween-80, mixes, use distilled water diluting, being made into concentration is the Herba Asari extract solution of 0.1 mg/ml, 0.5 mg/ml and 1 mg/ml.
Tetranychus urticae is the sensitive strain that indoor cowpea seedling is raised, and the temperature of supporting worm is 25 ± 1 ℃, relative moisture 50 ± 10 %, and every day, light application time was 18 hours.
Experimental technique:
Active, the of the same size female one-tenth mite of health back is sticked at an end of slide downwards with two-sided tape paper, guarantee that mite foot, mouthpart and pedipalp are free movable, and under anatomical lens, reject killed or wounded and sticking underproof individuality, guarantee that every slide tetranychid number is 30.In root of Chinese wild ginger extract, soak and take out after 5 seconds being stained with the slide of handling the examination mite, sop up floating medicine gently, place 25 ± 1 ℃ of temperature with filter paper, relative moisture 50 ± 10 %, every day, light application time was to cultivate in 18 hours the incubator.Observe its death condition after 24 hours, 48 hours, 72 hours in administration under the binocular anatomical lens, it is dead touching the motionless person of examination mite with writing brush.It is blank that the equal-volume a small amount of solvent adds 0.5% Tween-80 solution, and the positive contrast of 20% pyridaben wetting powder is tested with concentration application quantity conversion routinely.Every processed group is established 5 repetitions.Calculate average mortality and use the Abbott formula correction.Experimental result sees Table 1.
By table 1 as seen, the Herba Asari extract of three kinds of concentration all has certain action of contace poison to Tetranychus urticae, 24 hours, 48 hours and 72 hours the corrected mortality of tagging of Tetranychus urticae is prolonged with administration time to raise.The Herba Asari extract acaricidal activity of 1 mg/ml concentration is higher, reaches 75.8% at 72 hours corrected mortalities of tagging to Tetranychus urticae, and is suitable with positive controls chemistry miticide pyridaben.
The ovicidal activity determination experiment of experimental example 2. Herba Asari extracts
Experiment is prepared with experimental example 1 with tetranychid, is used for this experiment with killing into mite in the experimental example 1 for 10 times with the dilution of Herba Asari extract experiment soup.
Experimental technique
Recommending to kill ovum standard method-blade residual hazard method with reference to FAO kills the determination of activity of oviparity thing and modification is arranged slightly Tetranychus urticae.Gather fresh cowpea blade, petiole is clipped 0.2 cm, and on petiole, wrap wet cotton balls, be placed in the culture dish that is lined with the wet cotton of one deck, the both sides of blade cover with wet cotton and make blade be close to cotton, connect 20 of female one-tenth mites with No. zero banister bruss to every blade, place under 25 ± 1 ℃ and let alone to lay eggs, remove female one-tenth mite after 24 hours, behind the inspection record ovum grain number, every leaf keeps 50 mite ovum, places 25 ℃ of constant incubators, measures when ovum reaches 24～36 hours age, the blade immersion of band ovum was respectively handled soup 5 seconds, be placed on the blotting paper then and dry in the shade, put back in the culture dish that is lined with the wet cotton of one deck, place 25 ± 1 ℃ of temperature, relative moisture 50 ± 10 %, illumination every day is to cultivate in 18 hours the incubator, adds water in the culture dish every day and preserves moisture, and observe ovum hatching situation.Treat control group ovum hatching and grow the as for mite stage that handling ovum also not have hatching to be considered as judging dead standard, write down 7 days ovum hatching numbers, does not still hatch ovum as dead ovum, the calculating lethality is also used the Abbott formula correction.5 repetitions are established in every processing, and with the positive contrast of 20% pyridaben wetting powder, it is blank that the equal-volume a small amount of solvent adds 0.5% Tween-80.Experimental result sees Table 2.
By table 2 as seen, the Herba Asari extract of three kinds of variable concentrations all has certain contact toxicity to the Tetranychus urticae ovum, and ovicidal activity strengthens along with increasing of Herba Asari extract concentration, 0.1 the ovum corrected mortality that kills of the Herba Asari extract of mg/ml concentration reaches 73.2%, near the action effect of positive controls chemistry miticide pyridaben, the ovum effect is more satisfactory extremely.
In sum, the invention has the advantages that:
1, the present invention finds that the Chinese medicine Herba Asari extract has acaricidal activity, can Application and Development in pesticide producing, thereby enlarged the range of application of China's natural drug root of Chinese wild ginger.
2, the invention provides the approaching botanical pesticide of a kind of acaricidal activity and pyridaben.Compare with pesticides prepared by chemistry, Herba Asari extract of the present invention has efficiently, low-residual, with environment and with other biological harmonious advantage.Because the root of Chinese wild ginger is the plant of occurring in nature, so its extract is easy to decompose under field conditions (factors), to environment and ecosystem safety on every side, do not have problem of environmental pollution; Herba Asari extract is a kind of multicomponent mixture, and agricultural evil mite is had a plurality of action sites, therefore is difficult for developing immunity to drugs.
3, the wild and plantation aboundresources of China's Chinese medicinal plant root of Chinese wild ginger, extraction of active ingredients is simple in the root of Chinese wild ginger, very helps carrying out suitability for industrialized production.
Embodiment:
The preparation of embodiment 1 Herba Asari extract
Dry root of Chinese wild ginger herb 500 grams are pulverized, crossed 40 mesh sieves,, filter, get leaching liquor with 95% ethanol room temperature lixiviate of 5 times of amounts 5 days.Filter residue adds 95% ethanol lixiviate of 5 times of amounts again, filters.Three times like this, three leaching liquors are merged, concentrating under reduced pressure promptly gets Herba Asari extract of the present invention, and yield is 3.65%.
The preparation of embodiment 2 Herba Asari extracts
Dry root of Chinese wild ginger herb 500 grams are pulverized, crossed 40 mesh sieves,, filter, get leaching liquor with the chloroform room temperature lixiviate of 5 times of amounts 5 days.Filter residue adds the chloroform lixiviate of 5 times of amounts again, filters.Three times like this, three leaching liquors are merged, concentrating under reduced pressure promptly gets Herba Asari extract of the present invention, and yield is 3.27%.
The preparation of embodiment 3 Herba Asari extracts
Dry root of Chinese wild ginger herb 500 grams are pulverized, crossed 40 mesh sieves,, filter, get leaching liquor with the 30-60 ℃ of benzinum room temperature lixiviate of 5 times of amounts 5 days.Filter residue adds 30-60 ℃ of benzinum lixiviate of 5 times of amounts again, filters.Three times like this, three leaching liquors are merged, concentrating under reduced pressure promptly gets Herba Asari extract of the present invention, and yield is 1.86%.
The preparation of embodiment 4 Herba Asari extract solution
Take by weighing the Herba Asari extract among the 0.2g embodiment 1, add the acetone solution of extract cumulative volume 1 %, stir with 0.5% Tween-80, mix, use distilled water diluting, being made into concentration is the Herba Asari extract solution of 1 mg/ml.
The preparation of embodiment 5 Herba Asari extract emulsifiable concentrates
Herba Asari extract 10 grams are used xylene soluble, add emulsifier tween-80 and are made into transparent homogeneous liquid.The ratio of each component is: Herba Asari extract: dimethylbenzene: Tween-80=20:70:10 promptly is made into 20% emulsifiable concentrate.
Claims (2)
1. the application of Herba Asari extract in control agricultural evil mite, it is characterized in that: the said Herba Asari extract of the present invention is prepared from by following method: root of Chinese wild ginger herb is cleaned, dry in the shade, pulverize with the plant cracker, cross 40 mesh sieves, add 2～10 times of amount 95% ethanol, room temperature left standstill lixiviate 1～7 day, stir often the centre, filters, and gets leaching liquor; Filter residue adds the 95% ethanol lixiviate of 2～10 times of amounts once more, extracts twice more as stated above, merges three times leaching liquor; Use the Rotary Evaporators concentrating under reduced pressure then, get the pitchy stiff paste form and promptly get Herba Asari extract.
2. the application of a kind of Herba Asari extract according to claim 1 in control agricultural evil mite, it is characterized in that: Herba Asari extract can add the different required various conventional auxiliary materials of pesticidal preparations of preparation, preparation technology is prepared into any agricultural chemicals conventional formulation routinely, and these conventional formulations can be wetting powder, missible oil, suspending agent, aqua.
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| CN 201010563396 CN101986844B (en) | 2010-11-29 | 2010-11-29 | Application of asarum extract in preventing and controlling agricultural mites |
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| CN 201010563396 CN101986844B (en) | 2010-11-29 | 2010-11-29 | Application of asarum extract in preventing and controlling agricultural mites |
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| CN101986844A true CN101986844A (en) | 2011-03-23 |
| CN101986844B CN101986844B (en) | 2013-06-05 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103734198A (en) * | 2014-01-20 | 2014-04-23 | 沈阳大学 | Preparation method and application of mirabilis jalapa linnaeus extract for controlling agricultural pest mites |
| CN104621192A (en) * | 2015-02-13 | 2015-05-20 | 南通蛇类治疗研究所 | Natural plant anti-mite insert-killing fragrant agent |
| CN106490075A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-03-15 | 郑州思辩科技有限公司 | A kind of botanical acaricides and preparation method thereof |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1465255A (en) * | 2002-07-04 | 2004-01-07 | 蔡建斛 | Natural material made agent for preventing and curing disease and pest |
| CN101632391A (en) * | 2008-07-25 | 2010-01-27 | 刘志刚 | Development of novel indoor acaricide |
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2010
- 2010-11-29 CN CN 201010563396 patent/CN101986844B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1465255A (en) * | 2002-07-04 | 2004-01-07 | 蔡建斛 | Natural material made agent for preventing and curing disease and pest |
| CN101632391A (en) * | 2008-07-25 | 2010-01-27 | 刘志刚 | Development of novel indoor acaricide |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 孙艳,等: "中药材挥发油体外抑杀蠕形螨的实验研究", 《中国媒介生物学及控制杂志》 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103734198A (en) * | 2014-01-20 | 2014-04-23 | 沈阳大学 | Preparation method and application of mirabilis jalapa linnaeus extract for controlling agricultural pest mites |
| CN104621192A (en) * | 2015-02-13 | 2015-05-20 | 南通蛇类治疗研究所 | Natural plant anti-mite insert-killing fragrant agent |
| CN106490075A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-03-15 | 郑州思辩科技有限公司 | A kind of botanical acaricides and preparation method thereof |
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| CN101986844B (en) | 2013-06-05 |
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Granted publication date: 20130605 Termination date: 20131129 |