CN101986530B - High-power density motor with multidirectional magnetic field - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a high power density motor with a multi-directional magnetic field. Including stator, middle rotor, left end rotor, right end rotor, left end bearing, right end bearing, hollow shaft; The bearing is connected with the hollow shaft; the middle rotor is located between the left end rotor and the right end rotor, and is fixedly connected with the left end rotor and the right end rotor respectively; the hollow shaft is used for fixing with other external equipment. The invention is an outer rotor permanent magnet motor simultaneously having the characteristics of axial, radial and transverse magnetic field motors. The structure of the traditional motor and the placement of the armature winding are improved, so that the end of the winding can also participate in the electromechanical energy conversion of the motor, thereby improving the power density and overall performance of the motor.

Description

A High Power Density Motor with Multidirectional Magnetic Field

technical field

The invention relates to a motor. , especially relates to an outer rotor permanent magnet motor that simultaneously has the characteristics of an axial, radial and transverse field motor.

Background technique

The armature winding of an electric motor consists of a plurality of conductor edges placed in the core slots and winding ends for connecting these conductor edges. During the working process of the motor, the edge of the conductor located in the core slot cuts the main magnetic field of the air gap to generate an induced electromotive force and realize electromechanical energy conversion. The end of the winding is located outside the main magnetic field of the air gap, not only does not participate in the electromechanical energy conversion of the motor, but also has the following adverse effects on the performance of the motor:

(1) The magnetic field formed when the armature current flows through the end of the winding belongs to the leakage magnetic field. The existence of the leakage magnetic field will cause the waveform distortion of the main magnetic field of the air gap and increase the saturation degree of the core;

(2) The end of the winding is located outside the core slot, which is easy to be damaged by bumping when the motor is disassembled, and inter-turn short circuit or open circuit fault occurs, and in some transient processes of the motor, the excessive armature current impact will cause broken ends;

(3) Although the end of the winding does not participate in the electromechanical energy conversion, it also needs to consume a certain amount of copper wire and cause corresponding copper loss, which will increase the cost, volume and weight of the motor and reduce the operating efficiency.

Publication numbers CN1199270, CN101345440, US2005151437 (A1), WO03094328 (A1) and other patent documents all propose high power density motors with both axial and radial magnetic flux characteristics. These mentioned motors are different from the present invention as follows:

(1) It does not have the characteristics of simultaneous existence of axial, radial and transverse magnetic fields proposed by the present invention.

(2) In these motors, the stator windings are not fully utilized, and there are still end structures with traditional windings.

(3) there is no left and right end rotor structure similar to the present invention, stator annular groove structure, specific structures such as stator and rotor magnetic isolation measures.

(4) It does not have and cannot realize the structure and function of eliminating the cogging moment proposed by the present invention.

Contents of the invention

It is an object of the present invention to provide a high power density motor with a multi-directional magnetic field that improves power density and overall performance.

The purpose of the present invention is achieved like this:

Including stator, middle rotor, left end rotor, right end rotor, left end bearing, right end bearing, hollow shaft; The bearing is connected with the hollow shaft; the middle rotor is located between the left end rotor and the right end rotor, and is fixedly connected with the left end rotor and the right end rotor respectively; the hollow shaft is used for fixing with other external equipment.

The present invention may also include:

1. The stator structure is as follows: the stator core 1 is cylindrical, and on its cylindrical surface, there are uniformly distributed axial slots 2 along the axis; the left and right circular end faces of the cylindrical stator core 1 are provided with Radial slots 3 evenly distributed in the radial direction, the number of radial slots 3 on each end face is the same as the number of axial slots 2, the far end of each radial slot 3 is the end far away from the axis of the stator core 1 and one The corresponding axial slots 2 are connected; each end face has a ring-shaped annular groove 4, and the center of the annular groove 4 coincides with the axis of the stator core 1, and the annular groove 4 of each end face is consistent with all the The proximal end of the radial slot 3 is connected to the end close to the axis of the stator core 1, and the structures of the left and right circular end faces of the stator core 1 are exactly the same; inside the stator core 1 is a stator magnetic isolation ring coaxial with it 5. The interior of the stator magnetic isolation ring 5 is a shaft hole; there are radially distributed stator magnetic isolation plates 6 on the outer surface of the joint between the stator magnetic isolation ring 5 and the stator core 1, and the number of stator magnetic isolation plates 6 and the radial direction The number of slots 3 is the same, the stator magnetic isolation plate 6 corresponds to the radial slot 3 one by one, the stator magnetic isolation plate 6 extends radially to the inner groove wall of the annular groove 4, and the stator magnetic isolation plate 6 and the stator The magnetic isolation ring 5 is an integral structure; the stator winding 7 is formed by multi-phase windings, and each phase winding is connected by a plurality of coils scattered in different slots, and the winding path of each coil includes There are: the first axial groove, the second axial groove, the first radial groove on the left end face connected with the first axial groove, the second radial groove on the left end face connected with the second axial groove, the second radial groove on the left end face The short arc portion of the annular groove on the left end surface between the first radial groove and the second radial groove, the first radial groove on the right end surface communicating with the first axial groove, the second radial groove on the right end surface communicating with the second axial groove Radial slots, the short arc part of the right end annular groove between the first radial slot and the second radial slot on the right end face, where the position of the first axial slot is determined by the winding design, the first axial slot and the second radial slot The distance between the two axial slots is a pitch; the winding joint of the stator winding 7 is connected to one end of the cable 8, and the other end of the cable 8 passes through the wire hole 10 of the hollow shaft 9 to lead to the outside of the motor.

2. The structure of the left-end rotor and the right-end rotor is as follows: the inner surface of the left-end rotor core 11 is pasted with inner and outer magnetic poles placed concentrically, and the outer ring is away from the rotor core 11. It consists of magnetic poles 12, and the main magnetic poles 12 of the outer ring are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction, and the N and S poles are placed alternately; the magnetic poles of the inner ring, which are close to the rotor core 11, are composed of a plurality of axially magnetized inner ring main magnetic poles 13, and the inner ring The main magnetic poles 13 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction, and the N and S poles are placed alternately, the number of which is the same as that of the main magnetic poles 12 of the outer ring; Corresponding, but the radially opposite main magnetic poles 12 of the outer ring and the main magnetic poles 13 of the inner ring are opposite in polarity; inside the rotor core 11 is the end rotor magnetic isolation ring 14 coaxial with it, and the end rotor magnetic isolation ring 14 is connected to the rotor core 11, there are a plurality of radially distributed end rotor magnetic isolation plates 15, the number of end rotor magnetic isolation plates 15 is the same as the number of inner ring main magnetic poles 13, and the end rotor magnetic isolation plates 15 The position in the rotor core 11 is located between two adjacent main poles 13 of the inner ring, the end rotor magnetic isolation plate 15 extends radially to the inner arc of the outer main magnetic pole 12, and the end rotor magnetic isolation The plate 15 and the end rotor magnetic isolation ring 14 are integral structures.

3. The structure of the intermediate rotor is: the two ends of the cylindrical intermediate rotor core 16 are two intermediate rotor magnetic isolation rings 17 with the same structure, and a plurality of tile-shaped intermediate rotor main magnetic poles are pasted on the inner surface of the intermediate rotor core 16 18, the number of which is the same as the number of the main magnetic poles 12 of the outer ring or the main magnetic poles 13 of the inner ring of the left or right end rotor, the main magnetic poles 18 of the intermediate rotor are magnetized in the radial direction, and the N and S poles are placed alternately along the circumferential direction of the core 16 of the intermediate rotor .

4. The connection relationship between the left-end rotor, right-end rotor and the middle rotor is as follows: the two ends of the middle rotor are respectively fixedly connected with the left-end rotor and the right-end rotor to form a complete rotor structure; after being fixedly connected together, the outer ring of the left-end rotor The main magnetic pole 12 or the main magnetic pole 13 of the inner ring is axially corresponding to the main magnetic pole 12 of the outer ring or the main magnetic pole 13 of the inner ring of the same polarity on the rotor at the right end, and the main magnetic pole axis coincides with the axis along the magnetic field direction of the main magnetic pole and passing through the center of the magnetic field ; The main magnetic pole 18 of the intermediate rotor corresponds to the main magnetic pole 12 of the outer ring of the left and right end rotors of the same polarity along the axial direction of the motor, but the projection MM' of the main magnetic pole axis of the main magnetic pole 18 of the intermediate rotor on the left or right end rotor is the same as The geometric center line OO' of the corresponding outer ring main magnetic pole 12, that is, the difference between the geometric center of the magnetic pole and the rotor center is an angle α, the minimum value of the angle α is zero, and the maximum value of the angle α is two adjacent poles on the stator. The included angle between the axial grooves 2, that is, the groove pitch angle of the axial grooves 2.

5. The left end rotor is positioned on the hollow bearing 9 through the left end bearing 19 and is located on the left side of the stator; the right end rotor is positioned on the hollow bearing 9 through the right end bearing 20 and is located on the right side of the stator.

The invention improves the structure of the traditional motor and the placement of the armature winding, so that the end of the winding can also participate in the electromechanical energy conversion of the motor, thereby improving the power density and overall performance of the motor.

Working principle of the present invention is:

The high power density permanent magnet motor with the characteristics of the present invention utilizes the two ends of the hollow shaft 9 to be fixedly connected with other equipment or supporting devices; the stator winding 7 obtains multi-phase AC voltage from the outside through the cable 8, and then forms the multi-phase AC voltage in the stator winding 7. Phase alternating current; when the current flows through the winding located in the axial slot 2 of the stator, a radial stator magnetic field alternately distributed along the circumferential N and S poles is formed on the cylindrical surface of the stator core 1, and the number of magnetic poles of the radial stator magnetic field is the same as The number of intermediate rotor main magnetic poles 18 on the intermediate rotor is the same, and the radial stator magnetic field interacts with the magnetic field formed by the intermediate rotor main magnetic poles 18 on the intermediate rotor to generate electromagnetic torque _T1 ; the current flows through the left and right sides of the stator core 1. The windings in the radial slots 3 of the two right end faces are respectively on the left and right circular end faces of the stator core 1, and are located in the peripheral areas of the annular slots 4 of the respective end faces, forming a winding along the circumferential direction N, S The axial stator magnetic field with alternately distributed poles, the number of magnetic poles of the axial stator magnetic field on each end face is the same as the number of the main magnetic poles 12 of the outer ring on the left (or right) end rotor, the axial stator magnetic field on the left end face of the stator core 1 is the same as The magnetic field formed by the main magnetic poles 12 of the outer ring on the left rotor interacts to generate electromagnetic torque T ₂ , and the axial stator magnetic field on the right end face of the stator core 1 interacts with the magnetic field formed by the main magnetic poles 12 of the outer ring on the right rotor to generate electromagnetic torque T ₃ ; when the current flows through the windings in the annular slots 4 of the left and right end faces of the stator core 1, a transverse stator magnetic field (this magnetic field has The characteristics of the internal magnetic field of the transverse magnetic field motor), the transverse stator magnetic field is located in the magnetic field distribution outside the annular groove 4 and the distribution range of the axial magnetic field in the end face overlaps each other, and the magnetic poles of the same polarity are mutually strengthened, and the transverse stator magnetic field is located in the annular groove 4 The polarity of the inner magnetic field is opposite to the polarity of the radially opposite outer magnetic field. The transverse stator magnetic field on the left end surface of the stator core 1 interacts with the magnetic field formed by the outer ring main magnetic pole 12 and the inner ring main magnetic pole 13 on the left end rotor to generate electromagnetic Torque T ₄ , the interaction between the magnetic field formed by the transverse stator magnetic field on the right end face of stator core 1 and the outer ring main magnetic pole 12 and inner ring main magnetic pole 13 on the right end rotor produces electromagnetic torque T ₅ ; the electromagnetic torque acting on the intermediate rotor The torque T ₁ , the electromagnetic torques T ₂ and T ₄ acting on the left end rotor, and the electromagnetic torques T ₃ and T ₅ acting on the right end rotor are in the same direction, and they jointly drive the rotor to rotate, and with the stator winding 7 As the current changes, the spatial positions of the radial stator magnetic field, axial stator magnetic field, and transverse stator magnetic field generated by the stator winding 7 change in an orderly manner, and then drive the rotor to rotate continuously to meet the demand of the motor load.

Due to the cogging effect of the motor, the electromagnetic torques T ₁ , T ₂ , T ₃ , T ₄ , and T ₅ all contain their own cogging moment (positioning moment) components. When the α angle is equal to zero, the five cogging moments The torque components strengthen each other. At this time, the total cogging torque of the motor is the largest, and the output torque and speed fluctuations of the motor are the largest when the motor is running, which affects the performance of the motor. Properly adjusting the angle of α can make the five cogging moment components weaken each other, so that the motor runs smoothly and the performance is improved.

During the operation of the motor, the stator magnetic isolation ring 5 and the stator magnetic isolation plate 6 in the stator core 1, the intermediate rotor magnetic isolation ring 17 at both ends of the intermediate rotor core 16, the end rotor magnetic isolation rings 14 on the left end rotor and the right end rotor 1. The role of the end rotor magnetic isolation plate 15 is mainly to reduce the mutual influence between the three magnetic fields of the radial magnetic field, axial magnetic field and transverse magnetic field inside the motor, increase the reluctance of the leakage magnetic circuit, and reduce the leakage flux. Quantity, thereby improving the utilization rate of the magnetic flux inside the motor, increasing the torque, and increasing the power density.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

(1) The utilization rate of the stator winding is high. The motor with the structure of the present invention does not have the end portion in the traditional motor winding in its stator winding. During the operation of the motor, any part of the stator winding will cut the main magnetic field of the air gap (the main magnetic field of the air gap is formed by the radial The stator magnetic field, the axial stator magnetic field, the transverse stator magnetic field and the magnetic field generated by the main magnetic pole 18 of the intermediate rotor, the magnetic field generated by the main magnetic pole 12 of the outer ring of the left end rotor and the main magnetic pole 13 of the inner ring, the main magnetic pole 12 of the outer ring of the right end rotor and the main magnetic pole of the inner ring The magnetic fields generated by the magnetic poles 13 act together to form), generate induced electromotive force, and then participate in the electromechanical energy conversion process of the motor.

(2) Make full use of the magnetic field generated by the stator current, with less leakage flux and high utilization rate of magnetic flux. When the stator current flows through the axial slot 2 of the stator core 1, a radial stator magnetic field is generated; when it flows through the radial slot 3 of the left and right end faces of the stator core 1, an axial stator magnetic field is generated on the left and right end faces; When flowing through the annular slots 4 on the left and right end faces of the stator core 1, a transverse stator magnetic field on the left and right end faces is generated, so the current flowing through the stator windings can be fully utilized to generate as much air gap main magnetic flux as possible . And the stator magnetic isolation ring 5, the stator magnetic isolation plate 6 in the stator core 1, the intermediate rotor magnetic isolation ring 17 at the two ends of the intermediate rotor core 16, the end rotor magnetic isolation ring 14 on the left end rotor and the right end rotor, the end rotor isolation The application of the magnetic plate 15 can effectively reduce the interaction between the radial magnetic field, the axial magnetic field and the transverse magnetic field, further increase the reluctance of the leakage magnetic circuit, reduce the amount of leakage magnetic flux, and improve the utilization rate of the magnetic flux.

(3) High power density. With the motor of the structure of the present invention, during operation, its total electromagnetic torque is composed of five parts: the electromagnetic torque T ₁ produced by the interaction of the radial stator magnetic field and the magnetic field formed by the main magnetic pole 18 of the intermediate rotor; the left end of the stator core 1 The electromagnetic torque T ₂ generated by the interaction between the axial stator magnetic field on the surface and the magnetic field formed by the main magnetic pole 12 of the outer ring of the left rotor; The electromagnetic torque T ₃ generated by the interaction; the electromagnetic torque T ₄ generated by the interaction of the magnetic field formed by the transverse stator magnetic field on the left end surface of the stator core 1 and the outer ring main magnetic pole 12 and the inner ring main magnetic pole 13 on the left end rotor; 1 The electromagnetic torque T ₅ generated by the interaction between the transverse stator magnetic field on the right end surface and the magnetic field formed by the outer ring main pole 12 and the inner ring main pole 13 on the right end rotor. Therefore, compared with other existing motors, the motor with the structure of the present invention can generate greater electromagnetic torque and have higher power density.

(4) Suitable for the design and development of low-speed motors. The motor with the structure of the present invention not only has a large output electromagnetic torque, but also makes full use of the entire length of the stator winding for energy conversion. Therefore, under the premise of the same output speed, the motor with the structure of the present invention is lighter in weight and smaller in volume. Smaller, and thus better meet the needs of low-speed drag occasions.

(5) The method of eliminating the cogging moment is simple and easy. The motor with the structure of the present invention can weaken, Eliminate the adverse effects of the cogging moment caused by the cogging effect on the operation of the motor, without taking complicated measures such as the existing stator chute or rotor slant pole. Especially when the middle rotor and the left and right end rotors are connected in a detachable way (for example, screwed), the size of the α angle can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual situation to meet the needs.

(6) The reliability during the operation and use of the motor can be improved. In the motor with the structure of the present invention, the stator windings 7 are all placed and fixed in the axial slot 2, the radial slot 3 and the annular slot 4 of the stator core. Therefore, during the disassembly and operation of the motor, the stator windings can be Obtain effective protection, thereby reducing the occurrence of stator winding short circuit, open circuit and other faults.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 does not include a stator structure diagram of the stator winding 7; Figure 1 (a) radial view, Figure 1 (b) axial view, Figure 1 (c) A-A sectional view, Figure 1 (d) B-B sectional view.

FIG. 2 includes an axial view of the stator including the stator winding 7 .

Fig. 3(a)-Fig. 3(c) Structural diagram of the left end rotor and right end rotor; Fig. 3(a) axial view, Fig. 3(b) C-C sectional view, Fig. 3(c) D-D sectional view.

Figure 4 Axial view of the intermediate rotor.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the motor with the structure of the present invention.

Figure 6. Schematic diagram of the mutual positions of the radial stator magnetic field, axial stator magnetic field, and transverse stator magnetic field on the stator. S1 and N1 represent the south and north magnetic poles of the radial stator magnetic field; S2 and N2 represent the south and north magnetic poles of the axial stator magnetic field ; S3, N3 represent the south and north magnetic poles of the transverse stator magnetic field; the arrows indicate the direction of the magnetic force lines.

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the mutual positions of the outer ring main magnetic pole 12 and the inner ring main magnetic pole 13 on the left end rotor and the right end rotor, S4 and N4 represent the south and north magnetic poles of the outer ring main magnetic pole 12, and S5 and N5 represent the inner ring main magnetic pole 13. South and North magnetic poles.

Detailed ways

The present invention is described in more detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing example:

Implementation Mode 1

The high power density motor with the structure of the present invention is composed of several main parts such as a stator, an intermediate rotor, a left end rotor, a right end rotor, a left end bearing, a right end bearing, and a hollow shaft, specifically including: a stator core 1; slot 2, radial slot 3, annular slot 4; stator magnetic isolation ring 5 and stator magnetic isolation plate 6 inside stator core 1; stator winding 7; cable 8 for connecting stator winding 7 and external power supply; The hollow shaft 9 of the line hole 10; the rotor core 11 of the left end rotor and the right end rotor; the outer ring main magnetic pole 12 and the inner ring main magnetic pole 13 pasted on the rotor iron core 11 of the left end rotor and the right end rotor; the rotor cores of the left end rotor and the right end rotor 11 Internal end rotor magnetic isolation ring 14 and end rotor magnetic isolation plate 15; intermediate rotor core 16; intermediate rotor magnetic isolation rings 17 at both ends of intermediate rotor core 16; intermediate rotor main poles pasted on the inner surface of intermediate rotor core 16 18; Left end bearing 19; Right end bearing 20.

With reference to the existing permanent magnet motor design method, the number of the axial slots 2 on the stator core 1 and the main magnetic poles 18 of the intermediate rotor is selected, based on which the radial slots 3, the main magnetic poles 12 of the left and right rotor outer rings can be determined Parameters such as the main magnetic pole 13 of the inner ring, and the specific structural dimensions can be obtained through electromagnetic calculation.

The stator core 1 is made of ferromagnetic material.

The axial slots 2, radial slots 3, and annular slots 4 on the stator core 1 can adopt slot types such as open slots and semi-open slots.

The stator magnetic isolation ring 5 and the stator magnetic isolation plate 6 are integrally made of non-magnetic metal material, and are connected with the stator core 1 by means of tight fit or the like.

The stator winding 7 is wound with enameled wire, and is dispersedly placed in the axial slot 2, radial slot 3 and annular slot 4 of the stator core 1. According to the design of the motor, concentrated winding, distributed winding, full-pitch winding, and short winding can be used. Insulation paper is used between the phase windings inside the stator winding 7 and between the stator winding 7 and the slot wall to achieve reliable electrical insulation; in order to fix the stator winding 7, it should be placed in the axial slot 2, The notches of the radial groove 3 and the annular groove 4 place slot wedges.

The cable 8 is a multi-core cable, one end of the cable 8 is connected to the winding joint of the stator winding 7, and the other end is connected to the external power supply through the wire hole 10 of the hollow shaft 9.

The rotor cores 11 of the left-end rotor and the right-end rotor are made of ferromagnetic materials.

The main magnetic poles 12 of the outer ring and the main magnetic poles 13 of the inner ring on the left-end rotor and the right-end rotor are all made of permanent magnet materials such as ferrite or NdFeB, which are axially magnetized, and are fixed on the inside of the rotor core 11 by pasting. On the surface.

The end rotor magnetic isolation ring 14 and the end rotor magnetic isolation plate 15 on the left end rotor and the right end rotor are all made of non-magnetic metal material as a whole, and are connected with the rotor core 11 by means of tight fit.

The intermediate rotor core 16 is made of ferromagnetic material.

The two intermediate rotor magnetic isolation rings 17 are made of non-magnetic metal material, and are fixed on both ends of the intermediate rotor core 16 by means of tight fit or welding.

The main poles 18 of the intermediate rotor are made of permanent magnet materials such as ferrite or NdFeB, which are radially magnetized, and are fixed on the inner surface of the intermediate rotor core 16 by pasting.

The hollow shaft 9 is made of steel, and has a wire passing hole 10 inside. The hollow shaft 9 is fixedly connected to the stator magnetic isolation ring 5 by adopting tight fit or key connection.

The left end bearing 19 and the right end bearing 20 adopt ball bearings, and other types of bearings can also be used according to the needs. The connection with the end rotor magnetic isolation ring 14 of the right end rotor adopts a tight fit mode.

According to the requirement of the load on the cogging moment, use the calculation of the electromagnetic field to select the appropriate α angle.

According to the size of the α angle, the positional relationship between the left end rotor, the right end rotor and the middle rotor is adjusted.

Between the left-end rotor and the middle rotor, and between the right-end rotor and the middle rotor, fixed connections are realized by means of screws or the like. Through holes are opened at the corresponding positions of the rotor cores 11 of the rotor and the right-end rotor, and screws are used to fix the left-end rotor, the right-end rotor and the middle rotor.

When the motor is running, the stator winding 7 obtains multi-phase AC voltage from the outside through the cable 8, and then forms the multi-phase AC current in the stator winding 7; The cylindrical surface forms a radial stator magnetic field distributed alternately along the N and S poles in the circumferential direction. The number of magnetic poles of the radial stator magnetic field is the same as the number of the main magnetic poles 18 of the intermediate rotor on the intermediate rotor. The radial stator magnetic field is the same as that of the intermediate rotor. The interaction of the magnetic field formed by the main magnetic poles 18 of the intermediate rotor produces an electromagnetic torque T ₁ ; when the current flows through the windings in the radial slots 3 located on the left and right end faces of the stator core 1, the left and right sides of the stator core 1 respectively Two circular end faces, and located in the peripheral area of the annular groove 4 of the respective end faces, form an axial stator magnetic field alternately distributed along the circumferential N and S poles, and the number of magnetic poles of the axial stator magnetic field is the same as that of the left (or right) end The number of main magnetic poles 12 of the outer ring on the rotor is the same, the axial stator magnetic field on the left end surface of the stator core 1 interacts with the magnetic field formed by the main magnetic poles 12 of the outer ring on the left end rotor to generate electromagnetic torque T ₂ , and the magnetic torque T2 on the right end surface of the stator core 1 The axial stator magnetic field interacts with the magnetic field formed by the outer ring main magnetic pole 12 on the right end rotor to generate an electromagnetic torque _T3 ; A transverse stator magnetic field (the magnetic field has the characteristics of the internal magnetic field of a transverse magnetic field motor) is formed in the stator core area on both sides of the inner and outer sides of the annular groove 4, and the transverse stator magnetic field is located in the outer side of the annular groove 4. The distribution ranges of the axial magnetic fields overlap each other, and the magnetic poles of the same polarity strengthen each other. The magnetic field polarity of the transverse stator magnetic field located inside the annular groove 4 is opposite to that of the radially opposite outer magnetic field. The transverse stator magnetic field on the left end surface of the stator core 1 The magnetic field interacts with the magnetic field formed by the outer ring main magnetic pole 12 and the inner ring main magnetic pole 13 on the left end rotor to generate an electromagnetic torque T ₄ , the transverse stator magnetic field on the right end face of the stator core 1 interacts with the outer ring main magnetic pole 1 and the inner ring main magnetic pole 1 on the right end rotor. The magnetic field interaction formed by the main magnetic poles 13 of the inner ring produces electromagnetic torque T ₅ ; the electromagnetic torque T ₁ acting on the middle rotor, the electromagnetic torques T ₂ and T _{4 acting on the left rotor, and the electromagnetic torque T 4} acting on the right rotor The electromagnetic torques T ₃ and T ₅ have the same direction and jointly drive the rotor to rotate. With the change of the current in the stator winding 7, the space of the radial stator magnetic field, axial stator magnetic field and transverse stator magnetic field generated by the stator winding 7 The position changes in an orderly manner, and then drives the rotor to rotate continuously to meet the demand of the motor load.

Implementation mode two

When the controller of the motor needs to detect the position of the motor rotor, Hall sensors can be embedded in the cylindrical surface of the stator core 1, the end faces on both sides, or in the axial groove 2 and the radial groove 3. The specific placement method is the same as that of the existing permanent magnet. The placement method of the magneto is the same, and the input and output lines of the Hall sensor are connected to the external controller through the cable 8 .

Others are the same as the above embodiment.

Implementation Mode Three

In order to further eliminate the influence of cogging torque on the performance of the motor, while adjusting the α angle, the geometric centerlines of the radially opposite outer ring main magnetic poles 12 and inner ring main magnetic poles 13 on the left and right end rotors can be staggered by a certain angle, The size of this angle is not easy to exceed the slot pitch angle corresponding to the axial slot 2, and the specific value should be obtained through electromagnetic calculation according to actual requirements.

Others are the same as the above embodiment.

Implementation Mode Four

The main magnetic poles 18 of the intermediate rotor, the main magnetic poles 12 of the outer ring and the main magnetic poles 13 of the inner ring on the left-end rotor and the right-hand rotor adopt a plug-in structure with their respective iron cores (different from the plug-in permanent magnet pole structure of the existing permanent magnet motor. same).

Others are the same as the above embodiment.

Implementation Mode Five

The stator core 1 is made of silicon steel sheets. In order to facilitate processing, the left and right ends of the stator core 1 can be processed separately, and then connected with the middle part by welding or pressing.

Others are the same as the above embodiment.

Embodiment Six

The main magnetic pole 18 of the intermediate rotor is magnetized in a parallel magnetization manner.

Others are the same as the above embodiment.

Claims (5)

1. A high power density motor with a multi-directional magnetic field is characterized in that it includes a stator, an intermediate rotor, a left end rotor, a right end rotor, a left end bearing, a right end bearing, and a hollow shaft; the stator is fixed on the hollow shaft; the left end rotor and the right end rotor The rotors are respectively located on the left and right sides of the stator, and are respectively connected to the hollow shaft through the left end bearing and the right end bearing; the middle rotor is located in the middle of the left end rotor and the right end rotor, and are fixedly connected with the left end rotor and the right end rotor respectively; the hollow shaft is used It is fixed with other external equipment; the stator structure is: the stator core (1) is cylindrical, and on its cylindrical surface, there are uniformly distributed axial slots (2) along the axial direction; the left side of the cylindrical stator core (1) 1. There are radial grooves (3) evenly distributed in the radial direction on the two right circular end faces. The number of radial grooves (3) on each end face is the same as the number of axial grooves (2). Each diameter The far end of the slot (3), that is, the end far away from the axis of the stator core (1), communicates with a corresponding axial slot (2); each end face has a ring-shaped annular slot (4), and the annular slot The center of the circle of (4) coincides with the axis of the stator core (1), and the annular grooves (4) on each end face are aligned with the proximal ends of all the radial grooves (3) in the end face, that is, close to the axis of the stator core (1). One end is connected, and the structures of the left and right circular end surfaces of the stator core (1) are identical; inside the stator core (1) is a stator magnetic isolation ring (5) coaxial with it, and the stator magnetic isolation ring (5) The inside of the shaft hole is the shaft hole; there are radially distributed stator magnetic isolation plates (6) on the outer surface of the junction of the stator magnetic isolation ring (5) and the stator core (1), and the number of stator magnetic isolation plates (6) and the diameter The number of slots (3) is the same, the stator magnetic isolation plate (6) corresponds to the radial slot (3) one by one, and the stator magnetic isolation plate (6) extends radially to the inner slot of the annular slot (4) wall, and the stator magnetic isolation plate (6) and the stator magnetic isolation ring (5) are an integral structure; the stator winding (7) is formed by winding multi-phase windings together, and each phase winding is composed of multiple windings scattered in different slots The coils in the coil are connected, and the winding path of each coil includes: the first axial slot, the second axial slot, the first radial slot on the left end surface communicating with the first axial slot, and the second The second radial groove on the left end face connected to the axial groove, the short arc part of the annular groove on the left end face between the first radial groove and the second radial groove on the left end face, the second radial groove on the right end face communicating with the first axial groove A radial groove, a second radial groove on the right end surface communicating with the second axial groove, a short arc portion of an annular groove on the right end surface between the first radial groove and the second radial groove on the right end surface, wherein the first The position of the axial slot is determined by the winding design, the distance between the first axial slot and the second axial slot is a pitch; the winding joint of the stator winding (7) is connected to one end of the cable (8), and the cable ( 8) The other end leads to the outside of the motor through the wire hole (10) of the hollow shaft (9). 2. A kind of high power density motor with multidirectional magnetic field according to claim 1, characterized in that the left end rotor and the right end rotor structure are: the inner surface of the rotor core (11) is pasted with two inner and outer circles placed concentrically The magnetic poles, wherein the outer ring is away from the rotor core (11) axis magnetic pole is composed of a plurality of axially magnetized outer ring main magnetic poles (12), the outer ring main magnetic poles (12) are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction, and the N and S poles alternate Placement; the magnetic poles of the inner ring near the axis of the rotor core (11) are composed of a plurality of axially magnetized inner ring main magnetic poles (13), the inner ring main magnetic poles (13) are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction, and the N and S poles swing alternately put, the number is the same as that of the main magnetic poles (12) of the outer ring; the radian of the main magnetic poles (12) of the outer ring is equal to the radian of the main magnetic poles (13) of the inner ring, and there is a one-to-one correspondence in the radial direction, but the radially opposite outer ring The main magnetic pole (12) is opposite in polarity to the main magnetic pole (13) of the inner ring; inside the rotor core (11) is the end rotor magnetic isolation ring (14) coaxial with it, and the end rotor magnetic isolation ring (14) is connected to the rotor On the outer surface where the iron cores (11) meet, there are multiple radially distributed end rotor magnetic isolation plates (15), the number of end rotor magnetic isolation plates (15) and the number of inner ring main magnetic poles (13) Similarly, the position of the end rotor magnetic isolation plate (15) in the rotor core (11) is between the two adjacent inner ring main poles (13), and the end rotor magnetic isolation plate (15) extends radially To the inner arc of the main magnetic pole (12) of the outer ring, and the end rotor magnetic isolation plate (15) and the end rotor magnetic isolation ring (14) are integral structures. 3. A kind of high power density motor with multidirectional magnetic field according to claim 2, characterized in that the intermediate rotor structure is: the two ends of the cylindrical intermediate rotor core (16) are two intermediate rotors with the same structure The magnetic separation ring (17) is pasted with a plurality of tile-shaped intermediate rotor main magnetic poles (18) on the inner surface of the intermediate rotor core (16), and its number is the same as that of the outer ring main magnetic poles (12) or inner ring of the left or right end rotor. The number of main magnetic poles (13) is the same, the main magnetic poles (18) of the intermediate rotor are magnetized in the radial direction, and N and S poles are alternately placed along the circumferential direction of the intermediate rotor core (16). 4. A kind of high power density electric machine with multidirectional magnetic field according to claim 3, it is characterized in that the connection relation of left end rotor, right end rotor and intermediate rotor is: the two ends of intermediate rotor are respectively fixed with left end rotor, right end rotor connected together to form a complete rotor structure; after being fixedly connected together, the main magnetic poles (12) or main magnetic poles (13) of the inner ring of the left end rotor and the main magnetic poles (12) of the outer ring of the same polarity on the right end rotor Or the main magnetic pole (13) of the inner ring is axially corresponding, and its main magnetic pole axis coincides with the axis of the magnetic field direction of the main magnetic pole and through the center of the magnetic field; the main magnetic pole of the intermediate rotor (18) is along the axial direction of the motor and the left, The main magnetic pole (12) of the outer ring of the right-end rotor corresponds, but the projection MM' of the main magnetic pole axis of the main magnetic pole (18) of the intermediate rotor on the left or right-end rotor corresponds to the geometric center line OO of the corresponding main magnetic pole (12) of the outer ring 'That is, there is an angle α difference between the line connecting the geometric center of the magnetic pole and the center of the rotor circle, the minimum value of the angle α is zero, and the maximum value of the angle α is the angle between two adjacent axial slots (2) on the stator, That is, the slot pitch angle of the axial slot (2). 5. A kind of high power density electric machine with multidirectional magnetic field according to claim 4, it is characterized in that the left end rotor is positioned on the hollow shaft (9) by the left end bearing (19), and is positioned at the left side of the stator; the right end rotor passes through The right end bearing (20) is positioned on the hollow shaft (9) and is located on the right side of the stator.

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