CN101741197B - Flux switching type magnetic-concentration transverse flux permanent magnetic wind generator - Google Patents

Abstract

The flux-switching magnetic-concentration transverse-flux permanent-magnet wind turbine is a new type of high-performance and direct-drive transverse-flux permanent-magnet wind turbine. The generator includes a stator, a rotor, permanent magnets and windings. The stator is composed of a number of stator cores (1) and armature windings (5) distributed around the rotor. Two adjacent stator cores (1) are arranged symmetrically in the circumferential direction. The stator cores are installed in a non-magnetic material casing. (7) up. The rotor core (4) is mounted on a cylinder (8) of non-magnetic material, which is connected to the motor shaft (6) and connected to the motor casing (7) through a bearing (9). A permanent magnet (2) (3) is respectively embedded in both sides of the rotor core (4), the directions of the magnetic poles are opposite, and the directions of the magnetic poles of the permanent magnets (2) (3) of the two adjacent rotor cores (4) in the circumferential direction are opposite. According to this motor structure, both single-phase generators and multi-phase generators can be made.

Description

Flux Switching Concentrated Transverse Flux Permanent Magnet Wind Turbine

technical field

The invention relates to an improved generator, in particular to a magnetic flux switching type magnetic flux gathering transverse flux permanent magnet wind power generator in the field of high performance and direct drive.

Background technique

The intensification of the energy crisis restricts the improvement of the global economy and threatens the sustainable development of human society. The vigorous development and utilization of new energy and renewable energy has become an important part of the energy development strategy of most countries in the world. Compared with other forms of renewable energy, wind power has the highest maturity and the best economy. By 2010, the total installed capacity of wind power in the world will reach 230GW, and about 10GW in China, with a rapid development momentum and broad prospects for development and utilization. Wind generator (Wind Generator) is the key core equipment of wind power system, and its electrical and mechanical properties directly affect the efficiency of wind power energy conversion as well as the cost and reliability of the system.

Due to the low speed of wind turbines, the small and medium power is tens to hundreds of rpm, and the MW class is only a dozen rpm. According to the principle of the motor, to achieve a certain power, the diameter of the motor must be reduced, and its Volume and weight, it is necessary to significantly increase the electromagnetic force. The electromagnetic force is proportional to the magnetic flux and current. In the traditional radial flux and axial flux motors, the iron core that guides the magnetic flux and the wire that conducts the current are in the same plane. When the diameter of the motor is constant, the area of the iron core and the wire that conduct the current are in the same plane. Large conductor cross-sectional areas are contradictory. Fortunately, Transverse Flux Motor (TFM) can solve this problem. Its armature winding is completely decoupled from the main magnetic circuit in structure, so the coil window and magnetic circuit size can be independently adjusted according to needs to determine Electric and magnetic loads of the motor, so that a high torque density can be obtained.

In recent years, although many institutions at home and abroad have done a lot of research work on transverse flux generators, there are still some problems that need to be improved and solved urgently. In the existing transverse flux permanent magnet motor, two sets of adjacent rotor cores only correspond to one set of stator cores, the space utilization rate of the magnetic flux is low, the effective length ratio of the winding is not high, and there is still room for improvement of the torque density.

Contents of the invention

Technical problem: The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a magnetism-concentrating transverse flux permanent magnet wind generator with high power density and high torque density.

Technical solution: The flux-switching magnetic flux-concentrating transverse flux permanent magnet wind power generator of the present invention includes a stator and a rotor. The stator is composed of a number of stator cores and armature windings distributed outside the circumference of the rotor. The stator cores are symmetrically arranged left and right; the size of each stator core is the same, and the two adjacent stator cores in the circumferential direction of each phase are arranged symmetrically on the left and right respectively; The magnets have opposite magnetic pole directions, and the magnetic pole directions of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet of two adjacent rotor cores in the circumferential direction are opposite.

The rotor core is laminated with silicon steel sheets, installed on a non-magnetic material cylinder to form a whole rotor, and connected with the motor shaft, and finally connected with the casing through bearings.

Each stator core has the same size, and is made of laminated silicon steel sheets, and installed in a casing sleeve of non-magnetic material to form a whole stator.

When the generator is a three-phase generator, three sets of stator cores and three sets of rotor cores are arranged side by side in the direction of the motor shaft, and the difference between each set of stator cores is 120 degrees electrical angle, or the difference between each set of rotor cores is 120 degrees electrical angle.

A motor with 2p poles has 2p stator cores and 2p rotor cores per phase.

The positions of the stator and rotor of the motor can be interchanged to form a structural form of an outer rotor and an inner stator.

The principle of operation of the motor is as follows:

There are two different staggered positions of the motor rotor.

When the rotor is in position 1, the direction of the magnetic flux passing through the stator winding generated by the permanent magnets of two adjacent units is in the same direction; and when the rotor is in position 2, the direction of the magnetic flux is switched to another direction. When the rotor rotates continuously, the magnetic flux direction of the turn chain in the stator winding changes periodically, thereby inducing the induced electromotive force and realizing the electromechanical energy conversion.

Beneficial effects: a pair of permanent magnets are placed in the rotor core, and the magnetization directions of the permanent magnets in the two adjacent rotor cores in the circumferential direction are opposite, combined with the structural characteristics of the left and right symmetrical arrangements of the adjacent two stator cores, the magnetic flux can be realized. The function of transformation can avoid the situation that two adjacent rotor cores correspond to only one stator core. When the number of poles of the motor is 2p, each phase has 2p stator cores and 2p rotor cores, that is, one rotor core corresponds to one stator core. Iron core, thereby improving the utilization rate of the motor magnetic flux. In addition, the effective length of the winding is effectively shortened, and the torque density of the motor is improved to a certain extent.

The size of each stator core of the motor is the same, and the size of each rotor core is also the same, and all of them can be made by stacking silicon steel sheets. Each stator core is installed in a circular sleeve of a non-magnetic material casing to form a whole stator; each rotor core is placed on a non-magnetic material cylinder to form a whole rotor and is connected to the motor shaft. Due to the use of silicon steel sheet stacking, the leakage flux of the motor can be effectively reduced, thereby improving the power factor of the motor.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of one phase and one pole in a magnetic flux switching type magnetic concentration transverse flux permanent magnet wind generator;

Fig. 2 is a sectional view (one phase) of a flux-switching magnetic-concentration transverse-flux permanent-magnet wind-driven generator;

Fig. 3 is the main magnetic flux (clockwise) of the _t0 magnetic flux switching type magnetic flux gathering type transverse flux permanent magnet wind turbine;

Figure 4 shows the main flux (counterclockwise) of the _t1 flux switching type magnetism-concentrating transverse flux permanent magnet wind turbine.

In the above figure, there are generator stator core 1, first permanent magnet 2, second permanent magnet 3, rotor core 4, armature winding 5, generator shaft 6, non-magnetic material stator sleeve (motor casing) 7, Non-magnetic material rotor cylinder 8, bearing 9.

Detailed ways

The magnetic flux switching type magnetic concentration type transverse flux permanent magnet wind power generator of the present invention is composed of a stator and a rotor. In order to make better use of the space utilization of the transverse magnetic flux, a permanent magnet with opposite magnetic poles is embedded at both ends of the rotor core, and the magnetization directions of the permanent magnets in the two adjacent rotor cores in the circumferential direction of each phase are opposite. The iron cores are stacked with silicon steel sheets with the same size, placed on a non-magnetic material cylinder to form the whole rotor. The permanent magnet in the rotor core is made of NdFeB material.

Each stator core is only made of silicon steel sheets, and the structure is simple. The size of each stator core is the same. The two adjacent stator cores in the circumferential direction of each phase are symmetrically arranged on the left and right, and placed in a non-magnetic material casing sleeve to form a The stator as a whole.

When the generator is m-phase, the electrical angle difference between the structures of each phase is 360/m degrees. In particular, as a three-phase generator, the electrical angle difference between each phase structure is 120 degrees. Furthermore, when the number of poles of this motor is 2p, each phase has 2p stator cores and 2p rotor cores. Therefore, its space can be effectively used.

As shown in Figure 1, for a single-phase generator, the solid model of the flux-switching magnetic-concentration transverse-flux permanent magnet wind turbine is mainly composed of the following parts: stator core 1, first permanent magnet 2 It is composed of a second permanent magnet 3, a rotor core 4, an armature winding 5, a generator shaft 6, a non-magnetic material stator sleeve 7 and a non-magnetic material rotor cylinder 8. Each stator is composed of a stator core 1 and an armature winding 5. Each stator core 1 has the same size and is symmetrically arranged on the left and right in the circumferential direction. The rotor part is composed of rotor core 4 and permanent magnets 2 and 3. Each rotor core 4 has the same size, and is made of silicon steel sheets, and is installed on a non-magnetic material cylinder 8 to form a whole rotor, and is connected to the generator shaft 6 Connected, and connected with the motor casing through the bearing 9. To enhance the robustness and reliability of the generator rotor when it is rotating, to ensure the smooth operation of the generator during operation.

For the multi-phase generator, only in the direction of the motor shaft 6, corresponding groups of the same stator and rotor structures are added, and the electrical angle difference of each group of structures is 360/m degrees (m is the number of phases).

Motors with external rotor construction are also suitable for this.

In addition, in consideration of improving the air gap magnetic density of the motor and the thermal stability of the magnetic steel, NdFeB permanent magnet materials with higher coercive force are selected as the materials for the permanent magnets 2 and 3 of the motor.

Claims (4)

1. A kind of flux switching type magnetic gathering type transverse flux permanent magnet wind-driven generator, comprises stator and rotor, is characterized in that: stator is made of some stator cores (1) and armature winding (5) that are distributed outside rotor circumference ), the two adjacent stator cores (1) in the circumferential direction are symmetrically arranged left and right; the size of each stator core (1) is the same, and the two adjacent stator cores (1) in the circumferential direction of each phase are arranged symmetrically on the left and right respectively; each rotor The iron cores (4) have the same size, the first permanent magnets (2) and the second permanent magnets (3) are respectively embedded in both sides of the rotor iron cores (4), the directions of the magnetic poles are opposite, and the first permanent magnets of the two rotor iron cores (4) are adjacent in the circumferential direction. The magnetic poles of the magnet (2) and the second permanent magnet (3) are in opposite directions; The rotor core (4) is made of silicon steel sheets, and is installed on the non-magnetic material cylinder (8) to form a whole rotor, and is connected with the motor shaft (6), and finally connected to the non-magnetic material machine through the bearing (9). The shell sleeve (7) is connected; Each stator core (1) has the same size, and is laminated with silicon steel sheets, and installed in a casing sleeve (7) made of non-magnetic material to form a whole stator. 2. The flux-switching type flux-concentrating transverse flux permanent magnet wind power generator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: when the generator is a three-phase generator, three groups of stators are arranged side by side in the direction of the motor shaft (6) Iron core (1) and three groups of rotor cores (4), and make each group of stator cores (1) differ in electrical angle by 120 degrees, or make each group of rotor cores (4) differ in electrical angle by 120 degrees. 3. The flux-switching type flux-concentrating transverse flux permanent magnet wind-driven generator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: every phase of a motor with 2p poles has 2p stator cores (1) and 2p rotor cores (4 ). 4. The flux-switching magnetic flux-concentrating transverse flux permanent magnet wind power generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: the positions of the stator and rotor of the motor are interchanged to form an outer rotor and an inner stator.

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