CN101980433B

CN101980433B - Wedge-shaped stator core outer permanent-magnetic synchronous motor of circumferential phase shift and axial segmentation

Info

Publication number: CN101980433B
Application number: CN 201010553560
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张凤阁; 刘光伟; 张昊; 王博
Original assignee: Shenyang University of Technology
Current assignee: Shenyang University of Technology
Priority date: 2010-11-22
Filing date: 2010-11-22
Publication date: 2013-01-09
Anticipated expiration: 2030-11-22
Also published as: CN101980433A

Abstract

Circumferential phase-shifting and axially segmented wedge-shaped stator core outer permanent magnet rotor synchronous motor, one end of the stator shaft is equipped with a left end cover, a left bearing is installed between the left end cover and the stator shaft, the other end of the stator shaft is installed with a right end cover, and the right end cover The right bearing is installed between the stator shaft and the middle part of the stator shaft. The stator core and the outer rotor are installed in the radial direction from the inside to the outside. The stator concentrated winding is located inside the stator core and is evenly wound on the stator shaft. The holes lead out the stator centralized winding wiring; the two ends of the outer rotor are respectively connected to the left end cover and the right end cover by bolts, permanent magnets are installed on the inner surface of the outer rotor, and the motor is fixed on the ground through the outer bracket installed on the stator shaft. Outer support bearings are installed between the supports. Compared with the existing variable-frequency speed-regulating permanent magnet synchronous motor, the invention not only has lower manufacturing cost, but also has greater torque density and better running performance when high-frequency power supply and high-speed operation.

Description

The wedge-shaped stator core outer permanent synchronous machine of circumferential phase shift axial segmentation

Technical field

The invention belongs to a kind of motor, particularly a kind of have without the outer permanent-magnet rotor synchronous motor of coupling stator winding and wedge shape iron core and axial segmentation formula phase shift with axial non-uniform gap.

Background technology

Existing variable frequency speed-adjusting permanent magnet synchronous machine, its iron core generally adopt silicon steel sheet as magnetic circuit, and when the high frequency powered operation, iron loss (magnetic hysteresis loss and eddy current loss) can sharply increase, and motor performance can descend greatly; Its winding mostly is greatly conventional three-phase symmetrical and exchanges the short distance distributed winding, not only the utilance of winding is low, and inevitable existence intercouples between the threephase armature winding, so not only can producing exerts oneself to motor does not have contributive Coupling Between Phases electromotive force, thereby reduce the torque density of motor and exert oneself, and this coupling has brought very large trouble and difficulty to the alternate decoupling zero variable frequency regulating speed control of motor; From the angle of motor manufacturing, silicon sheet core jet-bedding and closed assembly process are complicated, and mold tooling and cost of labor are higher, the short distance distributed winding of armature not only needs good phase insulation, and coiling and rule process complexity, so the manufacture process of motor trouble, cost is higher.

Summary of the invention

The invention provides and a kind ofly have without the outer permanent-magnet rotor synchronous motor of coupling stator winding and wedge shape iron core and axial segmentation formula phase shift with axial non-uniform gap.Compare with existing variable frequency speed-adjusting permanent magnet synchronous machine, this kind motor not only manufacturing cost is lower, and has larger torque density and better runnability when high frequency power supply high-speed cruising.

Technical scheme of the present invention is:

The wedge-shaped stator core outer permanent synchronous machine of circumferential phase shift axial segmentation, it is characterized in that: stator axis one end of described motor is installed left end cap, between left end cap and the stator axis left bearing is installed, the stator axis other end is equipped with right end cap, between right end cap and the stator axis right bearing is installed; The stator axis mid portion radially is equipped with stator core and external rotor from inside to outside successively, and stator concentrates winding to be positioned at stator core inside, and uniform winding is on stator axis, and concentrates winding connection to draw stator by wiring hole; The external rotor two ends connect respectively left end cap and right end cap by bolt, and the external rotor inner surface is equipped with permanent magnet, and motor fixes on the ground by the support arm that is installed on the stator axis, and the support arm bearing is installed between stator axis and the support arm.

Described permanent magnet is fixedly mounted on the external rotor by the magnet steel fixing steel plate.

Described stator core is single hop, two sections or multi-segment structure.

Described stator core both sides are equipped with the stop back-up ring.

Between described stator core and the stator axis flat key is installed.

Described single hop stator core is comprised of two stator yokes, the collar plate shape yoke that every stator yoke is made by soft-magnetic composite material with form along circumferentially being distributed in the wedge type magnetic pole that the soft-magnetic composite material on the collar plate shape yoke makes, wedge-shaped poles front end width is the narrowest and minimum along stator axis vertical range radially with the external rotor inner surface, axially increase gradually and also progressive additive of thickness to the wedge-shaped poles width of collar plate shape yoke from wedge-shaped poles front end edge stator axis, wedge-shaped poles and external rotor along stator axis radially vertical range increase gradually, the wedge-shaped poles of two stator yokes circumferentially staggered mutually relatively and along the collar plate shape yoke assembly the stator core of the similar cake type of shape, the wedge-shaped poles of two stator yokes alternately evenly distributes at collar plate shape yoke circumferencial direction, namely consists of along the axial non-uniform gap structure of stator axis.

The quantity of described wedge-shaped poles equal stator core the quantity of permanent magnet on the corresponding external rotor.

The motor that obtains by technical scheme of the present invention because of the outer special construction that adopted, obtained beyond thought special-effect, be mainly reflected in: the characteristics of soft-magnetic composite material that its magnetic flux path adopts have determined that the operation meeting under high-frequency high-speed of this kind motor has lower loss and better runnability than the conventional AC synchronous machine that adopts silicon steel sheet; The axial non-uniform gap structure that proposes is so that the permeability magnetic material in this kind motor and motor winding are utilized the sine that also is conducive to counter potential waveform more fully; The combination of internal stator and outer p-m rotor and the employing of concentrating winding without coupling be so that this kind motor has larger torque density and power density, and realized thoroughly that from motor itself conventional motor is difficult to the alternate decoupling zero control that realizes; Concentrate winding and axial segmentation formula electric machine structure so that the manufacturing of this kind motor be more prone to and make things convenient for.

The outer permanent-magnet rotor synchronous motor of the wedge-shaped poles iron core of novel circumferential phase shift axial segmentation has following features: not only easily make on the structure multipole, and have simple in structure, the brushless advantage such as reliable; Winding consists of simple and convenient, is convenient to be designed to heterogeneous structure; Design freedom is large, can freely change as required magnetic circuit size and coil window size; Without the end winding, so that the utilance of motor copper significantly improves, copper loss significantly reduces, and concentrated winding also can reduce the volume of motor; Except the radial magnetic field with conventional motor, also have axial magnetic field in the motor, be distributed in three dimensions; Stator winding each mutually between not directly coupling, be convenient to realize decoupling zero control, and be conducive to improve that motor is exerted oneself and torque density; The stator core material is special, adopted suitable three-dimensional alternating magnetic field to circulate, be easy to be processed into the novel soft-magnetic composite material SMC of complicated shape, because the powder properties of this material, formed the isotropism of magnetic, eddy current loss less under high frequency, be core loss under the high frequency far below silicon steel sheet, therefore operation is conducive to improve the efficient of motor under high-frequency high-speed.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is the electric machine structure schematic diagram when adopting three sections stator cores;

Fig. 2 is that the single hop stator core launches schematic diagram;

Fig. 3 is for adopting the rotor permanent magnet dislocation assembling schematic diagram of three sections stator cores;

Fig. 4 is syllogic stator structure schematic diagram;

Description of reference numerals:

1. permanent magnet; 2. external rotor; 3. stator core; 4. bolt; 5. left end cap; 6. left bearing; 7. stator axis; 8. stop back-up ring; 9. flat key; 10. stator is concentrated winding; 11. magnet steel fixing steel plate; 12. support arm bearing; 13. right end cap; 14. right bearing; 15. wedge-shaped poles; 16. collar plate shape stator yoke; 17. N utmost point permanent magnet; 18. S utmost point permanent magnet.

Embodiment:

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is specifically described:

Fig. 1 is the electric machine structure schematic diagram when adopting three sections stator cores, as shown in the figure, stator axis 7 one ends are installed left end cap 5, between left end cap 5 and the stator axis 7 left bearing 6 are installed, stator axis 7 other ends are equipped with right end cap 13, between right end cap 13 and the stator axis 7 right bearing 14 are installed; Stator axis 7 mid portions radially are equipped with stator core 3 and external rotor 2 from inside to outside successively, and stator concentrates winding 10 to be positioned at stator core 3 inside, and uniform winding is on stator axis 7, and concentrate winding 10 wiring to draw stator by wiring hole; Stator core 3 both sides are equipped with stop back-up ring 8, between stator core 3 and the stator axis 7 flat key 9 are installed; External rotor 2 two ends connect respectively left end cap 5 and right end cap 13 by bolt 4, permanent magnet 1 is fixedly mounted on the external rotor 2 by magnet steel fixing steel plate 11, motor fixes on the ground by the support arm that is installed on the stator axis 7, and support arm bearing 12 is installed between stator axis 7 and the support arm.

Fig. 2 is that the single hop stator core launches schematic diagram, as shown in the figure, single hop stator core 3 is comprised of two stator yokes, the collar plate shape yoke 16 that every stator yoke is made by soft-magnetic composite material with form along circumferentially being distributed in the wedge type magnetic pole 15 that the soft-magnetic composite material on the collar plate shape yoke 16 makes.Wedge-shaped poles 15 front end width are the narrowest and minimum along stator axis 7 vertical range radially with external rotor 2 inner surfaces, axially increase gradually and also progressive additive of thickness to wedge-shaped poles 15 width of collar plate shape yoke 16 from wedge-shaped poles 15 front end edge stator axis 7, wedge-shaped poles 15 and external rotor 2 along stator axis 7 radially vertical range increase gradually, the wedge-shaped poles 15 of two stator yokes is assemblied the stator core 3 of the similar cake type of shape relatively and along 16 circumferential mutually staggering of collar plate shape yoke, the wedge-shaped poles 15 of two stator yokes alternately evenly distributes at collar plate shape yoke 16 circumferencial directions, namely consists of along the axial non-uniform gap structure of stator axis 7.

Above-mentioned wedge-shaped poles structure can guarantee that adjacent wedge type magnetic pole opposite face is parallel and the gap is identical.Because the width of wedge-shaped poles 15 gradually changes, so that wedge-shaped poles 15 gradually changes along the area in the axial magnetic conduction cross section of stator axis 7, thereby so that also respective change of the magnetic resistance of diverse location, and then affect the skewness of air-gap field, so adopt to change magnetic pole and external rotor 2 along stator axis 7 radially the wedge-shaped poles structure of vertical range can adjust the air-gap reluctance of diverse location, so that the air gap magnetic pole can be able to maximum utilization, can improve like this material use coefficient and the overall performance of motor.

Because what cylindrical external rotor 2 flow through is the stationary magnetic field, can be made by cast steel material; Its stator core 3 is comprised of the wedge type magnetic pole 15 with collar plate shape stator yoke 16, what flow through in the concentrated winding 10 of the stator of stator core 3 inside is alternating current, therefore stator core 3 can not be made by cast steel again, and the soft-magnetic composite material casting that eddy current loss is less when needing to adopt in the three-dimensional isotropism and at high frequency is made.

The stator core 3 of this kind motor can be adopted single hop, two sections, three sections or multi-segment structure, is called single-phase, two-phase, three-phase or polyphase machine.When adopting the multistage stator core construction, the structure of each iron core is identical, and the spacing distance of adjacent iron core is identical, as shown in Figure 4, is syllogic stator structure schematic diagram.When doing generator or running under braking, the hop count of motor is any, when doing the motor operation, must adopt two sections, three sections or multi-segment structure, to produce the constant electromagnetic torque of direction.Fig. 3 is for adopting the outer rotor permanent magnet dislocation assembling schematic diagram of three sections stator cores, as shown in the figure, in order to exchange electromotive force or the constant electromagnetic torque of direction so that motor can produce three-phase symmetrical, N utmost point permanent magnet 17 in three sections corresponding three groups of permanent magnets of stator core and S utmost point permanent magnet 18 alternately occur, the quantity of every group of permanent magnet equals the quantity of corresponding every single hop stator core wedge-shaped poles, and in the permanent magnet of assembling same polarity of the adjacent set during permanent magnet 120 ° of electrical degrees that should mutually stagger in the circumferential direction of the circle.When being used as generator operation, prime mover drags the outer rotor permanent magnet rotation, thereby the stator winding in the continuous cutting stator iron core is to induce the three-phase alternating current electromotive force of 120 ° of electrical degree mutual deviations; And when the threephase stator in the stator core concentrates winding to pass into the three-phase symmetrical alternating current, be 120 ° of the electrical degree mutual deviations of supply voltage, the magnetic field that this moment, every section stator core produced interacts with corresponding separately outer rotor permanent magnet, by changing the power supply timing of three-phase current, produce the constant electromagnetic torque of direction, make the external rotor rotation, machine operation is at motoring condition.When adopting three stage structure, 120 ° of electrical degrees because three groups of permanent magnets should stagger when assembling in the circumferential direction of the circle mutually, so three groups of cogging torques with phase difference of three groups of motor generations can slacken mutually, so that the total cogging torque of motor reduces, can reduce the operating vibrations of motor and noise.

Claims

1. A wedge-shaped stator core external permanent magnet rotor synchronous motor with circumferential phase shifting and axial segmentation, characterized in that: the stator shaft (7) of the motor is equipped with a left end cover (5), and the left end cover (5) is connected to the stator A left bearing (6) is installed between the shafts (7), a right end cover (13) is installed at the other end of the stator shaft (7), and a right bearing (14) is installed between the right end cover (13) and the stator shaft (7); The middle part of the stator shaft (7) is installed with the stator core (3) and the outer rotor (2) sequentially along the radial direction from the inside to the outside. The stator concentrated winding (10) is located inside the stator core (3) and is evenly wound on the stator shaft. (7), and lead out the stator concentrated winding (10) wiring through the wiring hole; the two ends of the outer rotor (2) are respectively connected to the left end cover (5) and the right end cover (13) through bolts (4), and the outer rotor (2) A permanent magnet (1) is installed on the inner surface, the motor is fixed on the ground through an outer bracket installed on the stator shaft (7), and an outer bracket bearing (12) is installed between the stator shaft (7) and the outer bracket;

The stator core (3) is a multi-segment structure;

The single-section stator core (3) is composed of two stator yokes, each stator yoke is made of a disc-shaped yoke (16) made of soft magnetic composite material and the disc-shaped yoke (16) distributed along the circumferential direction ) composed of wedge-shaped magnetic poles (15) made of soft magnetic composite materials; the width of the front end of the wedge-shaped magnetic poles (15) is the narrowest and the vertical distance from the inner surface of the outer rotor (2) along the radial direction of the stator axis (7) is the smallest. The front end of the magnetic pole (15) along the axial direction of the stator shaft (7) to the wedge-shaped magnetic pole (15) at the disk-shaped yoke (16) gradually increases in width and thickness, and the wedge-shaped magnetic pole (15) and the outer rotor (2 ) The radial vertical distance along the stator axis (7) gradually increases, and the wedge-shaped magnetic poles (15) of the two stator yokes are opposed to each other and staggered along the circumferential direction of the disk-shaped yoke (16) to form a shape similar to a round cake The stator core (3), the wedge-shaped magnetic poles (15) of the two stator yokes are alternately and evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the disk-shaped yoke (16), namely forming an uneven air gap structure along the axial direction of the stator shaft (7).

2. The wedge-shaped stator core external permanent magnet rotor synchronous motor with circumferential phase shift and axial segment according to claim 1, characterized in that: the permanent magnet (1) is fixed and installed outside through the magnetic steel positioning steel plate (11) onto the rotor (2).

3. The wedge-shaped stator core external permanent magnet rotor synchronous motor with circumferential phase shift and axial segment according to claim 1, characterized in that: both sides of the stator core (3) are installed with stop rings (8 ).

4. The wedge-shaped stator core external permanent magnet rotor synchronous motor with circumferential phase shift and axial segment according to claim 1, characterized in that: between the stator core (3) and the stator shaft (7) is installed Flat key (9).

5. According to claim 1, the circumferential phase-shifted axially segmented wedge-shaped stator core outer permanent magnet rotor synchronous motor is characterized in that: the number of the wedge-shaped magnetic poles (15) is equal to that of the stator core (3) Number of permanent magnets (1) on the outer rotor (2).