CN101976380A - Method for performing real-time regulation and control and digital management on water environment - Google Patents
Method for performing real-time regulation and control and digital management on water environment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for performing real-time regulation and control and digital management on a water environment, which belongs to the technical fields of water environment real-time simulation and management. The method comprises the following steps of: acquiring data; establishing a monitoring database; identifying specific pollution areas and pollution sources by establishing a water environment model; and providing a control measure for the concentration and the total emission of point-source and non-point-source pollutants in the specific areas, so that the whole drainage basin can be guided to execute the best management plan, a system for performing real-time regulation and control and digital management on the water environment is established by combining with an informationization mode to regulate and control the water quality of the river in real time, systematic technique support can be provided for drainage basin 'source control and emission reduction', water environment comprehensive treatment and quantitative management, and the application prospect is wide.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to water environment real time modelling and administrative skill field, particularly a kind of water environment real-time monitoring and digital management method.Be the technical system and the method for the water environment digital management of simulation, migration conversion, the calculating of water environment load-bearing capacity and load dynamic regulation specifically to pollutant in the water environment.
Background technology
The rapid increase of fast development of social economy and resource environment pressure makes water environment safety be subjected to serious threat and destruction, and the natural ecosystems that cause human survival to rely on are destroyed, and threatens the harmonious sustainable development of man and nature.Aspect water environment treatment, though country and local government have dropped into great human and material resources and financial resources, but up to now China's basin water environment not be improved significantly, part water body even the trend of further deterioration is arranged has brought serious threat and infringement to people's lives and social economy.Therefore, strengthen the water environment scientific management, propose scientific and reasonable regulate and control method and control measures, the water environment change procedure is monitored, simulates, controlled and administers, have very important significance.
Aspect water environment treatment, current China adopts extensive style to administer and the extensive management pattern more, the dynamic deficiencies that be mainly reflected in that water environment information monitoring network is incomplete, Water Environment Simulation lack scientific quantitative analysis method, regulation and control etc., the data spatial and temporal scales of water environment administrative institute foundation is big, process is coarse.Though some watershed construction pollution source and environmental quality online monitoring system, the analog functuion of oversimplification can't satisfy the needs of water environment management and pollutional load control.Make and the discrepancy that in water environment management, has monitoring information and science calculating links such as pollutants transfer motion, pollutional load control in a large number seriously hindered the development of the quantitative careful administrative skill of water environment.
Aspect the water environment evolvement simulation, because water environment bearing capacity and environmental capacity research to the basin yardstick are not enough, at present China carries out remains the regional aim overall control, and total quantity index does not implement to concrete river, is not assigned to concrete pollution source yet.In addition, the most environmental capacity calculating parameters of China especially physics and biochemical reaction coefficient all adopt the empirical value of bibliographical information basically, lack the research of Study of personality zone material being moved the conversion process quantification in the medium of land and water.Simultaneously the compliance test result of water quality model and the system integration are paid attention to not enoughly, be badly in need of setting up that data are obtained, science simulation, result show incorporate water environment digital management system, provides technical support for implementing overall control.
In a word, aspect the Real-Time Scheduling and digital management of water environment, the management mode of simplification, extensive style can not satisfy the needs of water environment treatment, shows following problem at the water environment treatment convexity: (1) pollutional load is cut down the formulation shortage science measuring and calculating of target and is combined with the locality is socioeconomic; (2) design of resolution lacks basin concertedness and precise information support; (3) calculation of water environmental capacity lacks uncertainty analysis and capacity dynamic assignment; (4) water body after administering lack can continuous updating digital management system.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is at simulating oversimplification, problem that process is coarse in the management of current water environment, a kind of water environment real-time monitoring and digital management method are proposed, at first by setting up the water environment model, discern concrete Polluted area and pollution source, point source and non-point pollution substrate concentration and total emission volumn proposition control measure to these concrete zones, thereby guide whole basin to carry out best governing plan, the combining information means, set up water environment real-time monitoring and digital management system, it is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
(1) data are obtained, and set up monitor database
A. data are obtained: the mode with GPS/RS Monitoring Data, special additional observation data, accident emergency Monitoring Data and outside swap data is obtained;
B. the data that aforesaid way is obtained transfer to monitoring server by data transmission network, set up basic database, specialized database and water quality standard storehouse respectively by data type; And by the database access middleware parameter that supplies a model, data sharing is supported in storage and show data result; Data such as specialized database and water quality standard library storage Monitoring Data, analog result, water quality standard wherein, its data store organisation must meet the country and the requirement of local industry relevant criterion, and basic database is a basin water environment master data and in order to manage the basic data in basin;
(2) set up water environment real-time quantitative analogy model
A. set up the basin and go into the river pollution load model, the basin water environment master data that comprises hydrographic information and pollutant according to step (1) monitoring, set up distributed basin hydrological model, go into relation between the flux of river according to different terrain, different soils type, different land use type, rainfall intensity and rainfall duration and target contaminant, set up reasonable form general model, to analyze in the runoff target stains deposits yields and to compile process;
B. the target contaminant migration transforms the key parameter calibration, analyze in the runoff target stains deposits yields and compile the process result according to (2) a, adopt original position experiment and lab simulation method, grasp the form of target contaminant in runoff and receiving water body, determine that the target contaminant different shape moves transfer process parameter and degradation coefficient in water body, and these coefficients are subjected to the pH value of water environment and the influence of water temperature condition;
C. set up the river water environmental model, set up hydrodynamic model accurately, for Water Environment Mathematical Model provides careful hydrodynamic condition, set up survey region water environment model, pollutants transfer conversion parameter according to calibration among step (2) b is carried out calibration optimization to model, river pollution load model and the coupling of river water environmental model are gone in the basin that step (2) a sets up, with average daily rainfall amount and the flow and the pollutant levels that respectively become a mandarin with reference to section is initial conditions, simulate the dynamic change of each control section water quality, for water quality control provides real-time information;
(3) the water environment load-bearing capacity is calculated and the load dynamic regulation
The Watershed Distributed Hydrological model that applying step (2) is set up and go into the river load model calculates under each section design discharge the water environment load-bearing capacity of target contaminant and the load-bearing capacity under the hydrologic condition day by day.According to the water environment function zoning, determine control section and water environment target thereof; Calculate the load reduction of each section and distribute, the uncertainty of analytical model and security interval, adopt fuzzy mathematics and Bayes's conversion method that the uncertainty of going into river load model and water environment model and being used for measured data, boundary condition and the model initial conditions of parameter calibration is carried out quantitative analysis, obtain a day maximal workload security interval;
According to paid utilization and special industry principle of priority day maximal workload of each section or the reduction of loading are distributed;
(4) set up water environment real-time monitoring system
The Watershed Distributed Hydrological model of the water environment database that establishment step (1) is set up and step (2) foundation and go into seamless link between the load model of river, the a large amount of new datas that continue to provide according to the basin monitoring network, adopt data assimilation methods such as Kalman filtering, set Kalman filtering to set up model parameter and dynamically update module, set up water environment real-time monitoring system; Operational factor and condition that this system needs to each Model Transfer model receive the result that stores each model calculation so that the later stage is called the organic coupling of implementation model and data; By show the Real-time and Dynamic change procedure of basin water environment based on the data visualization platform of virtual reality technology, realize that the dynamic assignment of pollutant burden and sight simulation show, the various prediction scheme simulations of reproduction true to nature.
Described to each section day maximal workload or the load reduction distribute and comprise
1. load distribution principle
Investigate the load present situation of the main Point Target pollutant emission in each section, calculate corresponding load proportion; According to the economic benefit of main point source specific load, formulate environmental capacity of water paid utilization and distribution method based on the stakeholder;
2. the dynamic assignment of loading
According to existing load proportion and the plan of pollute cutting down, the preferential principle of cutting down of poisonous and harmful and pathogenicity material is abideed by in reference zone socio-economic development and industrial adjustment planning, dynamic assignment day maximal workload; Adopt the river water environmental model,, adjust repeatedly and optimize load distribution by the sight simulation.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows the coordinated regulation pattern that has made up the basin water environmental quality, integrated online monitoring network and basin digitizing technique, regulation-control model based on the simulation water-quality guideline, the technical system and the method for water environment real-time monitoring and digital management have been proposed, can have a extensive future for basin " reduction of discharging of control source ", the water environment comprehensive regulation and quantification management provide systemic technical support.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is water environment real-time monitoring and digital management method flow synoptic diagram.
Embodiment
The present invention is directed in the current water environment management and simulate oversimplification, the problem that process is coarse, a kind of water environment real-time monitoring and digital management method are proposed, at first by setting up the water environment model, discern concrete Polluted area and pollution source, point source and non-point pollution substrate concentration and total emission volumn proposition control measure to these concrete zones, thereby guide whole basin to carry out best governing plan, the combining information means, set up water environment real-time monitoring and digital management system, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 1, to the north of canal basin water environment real-time monitoring and digital management be example, the present invention is described in further detail.
Concrete steps are as follows:
(1) sets up northern canal valley environment monitoring network and water environment database, the basin contaminant information is monitored in real time; Monitoring Data is stored in the database, realizes the data sharing of Monitoring Data.
(2) according to the hydrographic information and the pollutant data of monitoring, set up the Watershed Distributed Hydrological model of northern canal water system surface water and underground water coupling, the load flux of research storm runoff, urban sewage and the water-break of lake, river is developed northern canal water system and is gone into the river pollution load model; Analyze in the runoff target stains deposits yields and compile process.
(3) by original position experiment and lab simulation, grasp the form of target contaminant in runoff and receiving water body, determine pollutant different shapes such as N and heavy metal move transfer process parameter and COD in water body degradation coefficient, and these coefficients are subjected to the influence of water environment condition (pH, water temperature).
(4) analyze northern canal drainage characteristic, exploitation river unstable state Hydrodynamic Model and water environment model according to the parameter of step (3) measured data calibration model, and are finished and step (2) is gone into the coupling of river pollution load model.
(5), determine crucial section and the control section cut down of water system according to each section water environment functional objective; Utilized river section water environment load-bearing capacity computation model and the load dynamic regulation model that embeds social economy's key element are set up uncertain interval quantitative test and disposal route.
(6) utilization modern information technologies and digitizing technique, the seamless link of exploitation monitoring network-database-water environment model, set up northern canal water environment and pollutional load regulator control system, realize the real-time monitoring of water quality of river, the simulation calculation of case sight, the emulation directly perceived of decision process, the preview optimization of resolution.Water environment real-time monitoring and digital management system are as shown in Figure 1.
Claims (2)
1. water environment real-time monitoring and digital management method, at first by setting up the water environment model, discern concrete Polluted area and pollution source, point source and non-point pollution substrate concentration and total emission volumn proposition control measure to these concrete zones, thereby guide whole basin to carry out best governing plan, the combining information means are set up water environment real-time monitoring and digital management system, it is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
(1) data are obtained, and set up monitor database
A. data are obtained: the mode with GPS/RS Monitoring Data, special additional observation data, accident emergency Monitoring Data and outside swap data is obtained;
B. the data that aforesaid way is obtained transfer to monitoring server by data transmission network, set up basic database, specialized database and water quality standard storehouse respectively by data type; And by the database access middleware parameter that supplies a model, data sharing is supported in storage and show data result; Data such as specialized database and water quality standard library storage Monitoring Data, analog result, water quality standard wherein, its data store organisation must meet the country and the requirement of local industry relevant criterion, and basic database is a basin water environment master data and in order to manage the basic data in basin;
(2) set up water environment real-time quantitative analogy model
A. set up the basin and go into the river pollution load model, the basin water environment master data that comprises hydrographic information and pollutant according to step (1) monitoring, set up distributed basin hydrological model, go into relation between the flux of river according to different terrain, different soils type, different land use type, rainfall intensity and rainfall duration and target contaminant, set up reasonable form general model, to analyze in the runoff target stains deposits yields and to compile process;
B. the target contaminant migration transforms the key parameter calibration, analyze in the runoff target stains deposits yields and compile the process result according to (2) a, adopt original position experiment and lab simulation method, grasp the form of target contaminant in runoff and receiving water body, determine that the target contaminant different shape moves transfer process parameter and degradation coefficient in water body, and these coefficients are subjected to the pH value of water environment and the influence of water temperature condition;
C. set up the river water environmental model, set up hydrodynamic model accurately, for Water Environment Mathematical Model provides careful hydrodynamic condition, set up survey region water environment model, pollutants transfer conversion parameter according to calibration among step (2) b is carried out calibration optimization to model, river pollution load model and the coupling of river water environmental model are gone in the basin that step (2) a sets up, with average daily rainfall amount and the flow and the pollutant levels that respectively become a mandarin with reference to section is initial conditions, simulate the dynamic change of each control section water quality, for water quality control provides real-time information;
(3) the water environment load-bearing capacity is calculated and the load dynamic regulation
The Watershed Distributed Hydrological model that applying step (2) is set up and go into the river load model calculates under each section design discharge the water environment load-bearing capacity of target contaminant and the load-bearing capacity under the hydrologic condition day by day.According to the water environment function zoning, determine control section and water environment target thereof; Calculate the load reduction of each section and distribute, the uncertainty of analytical model and security interval, adopt fuzzy mathematics and Bayes's conversion method that the uncertainty of going into river load model and water environment model and being used for measured data, boundary condition and the model initial conditions of parameter calibration is carried out quantitative analysis, obtain a day maximal workload security interval;
According to paid utilization and special industry principle of priority day maximal workload of each section or the reduction of loading are distributed;
(4) set up water environment real-time monitoring system
The Watershed Distributed Hydrological model of the water environment database that establishment step (1) is set up and step (2) foundation and go into seamless link between the load model of river, the a large amount of new datas that continue to provide according to the basin monitoring network, adopt data assimilation methods such as Kalman filtering, set Kalman filtering to set up model parameter and dynamically update module, set up water environment real-time monitoring system; Operational factor and condition that this system needs to each Model Transfer model receive the result that stores each model calculation so that the later stage is called the organic coupling of implementation model and data; By show the Real-time and Dynamic change procedure of basin water environment based on the data visualization platform of virtual reality technology, realize that the dynamic assignment of pollutant burden and sight simulation show, the various prediction scheme simulations of reproduction true to nature.
2. according to described a kind of water environment real-time monitoring of claim 1 and digital management method, it is characterized in that, described to each section day maximal workload or the load reduction distribute and comprise:
1. load distribution principle
Investigate the load present situation of the main Point Target pollutant emission in each section, calculate corresponding load proportion; According to the economic benefit of main point source specific load, formulate environmental capacity of water paid utilization and distribution method based on the stakeholder;
2. the dynamic assignment of loading
According to existing load proportion and the plan of pollute cutting down, the preferential principle of cutting down of poisonous and harmful and pathogenicity material is abideed by in reference zone socio-economic development and industrial adjustment planning, dynamic assignment day maximal workload; Adopt the river water environmental model,, adjust repeatedly and optimize load distribution by the sight simulation.
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