CN101956567A - Intrinsic safety all-fiber underground monitoring system - Google Patents
Intrinsic safety all-fiber underground monitoring system Download PDFInfo
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- CN101956567A CN101956567A CN 201010272862 CN201010272862A CN101956567A CN 101956567 A CN101956567 A CN 101956567A CN 201010272862 CN201010272862 CN 201010272862 CN 201010272862 A CN201010272862 A CN 201010272862A CN 101956567 A CN101956567 A CN 101956567A
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Abstract
An intrinsic safety all-fiber underground monitoring system comprises a monitoring terminal arranged on ground, an underground all-fiber sensing terminal and a transmission cable for connecting the two. The underground part comprises a fiber optic passive device, contains no electronic element, needs no power supply, does not irradiate electromagnetic wave and has intrinsic safety. The invention senses various surrounding dynamic information by using a sensing bare fiber in the all-fiber sensing terminal, collects and feeds back the information to the ground through the transmission cable and finally restores truly after analyzing and processing through the monitoring terminal, so as to achieve the real-time monitoring on various dynamic information and identify, position and warn the abnormal information. The invention is fit for various mines, particularly the safety production and accident rescue fields of the mines under inflammable explosive environments.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the monitoring system under the mine, relate in particular to the full optical fiber downhole monitoring system that a kind of its down-hole part does not comprise any electronic devices and components, need not electric energy supply thereby essential safety, can be applicable to all mines, safety in production that especially inflammable and explosive environment goes down into a mine and accident are rescued the field.
Background technology
For a long time, with the colliery is the underground mine of typical case's representative, geological conditions is complicated and changeable, often be subjected to the threat of disasters such as gas, water, fire, coal dust, landslide, add that technical equipment falls behind relatively, workforce's quality is generally not high, safety management is not enough, cause various accidents to take place frequently, underground work personnel's life security is constituted a serious threat.The how effectively normal operation of various systems and the dangerous information in the environment under the monitor well, and mine disaster rescues after taking place timely and effectively, become mine safety and produced most important task.
Existing downhole monitoring system, no matter be sensor, data collecting system, or data transmission system, form by electronic devices and components, its operation needs supply of electric power, and these electronic devices and components are in the medium-term and long-term operation of down-hole adverse circumstances, inevitably produce phenomenons such as short circuit, electric spark, local pyrexia, itself just has inborn potential safety hazard such downhole monitoring system, especially in the higher zone of methane gas concentration, has more danger.
Summary of the invention
Above-mentioned defective at existing downhole monitoring system the purpose of this invention is to provide the full optical fiber downhole monitoring system that a kind of its down-hole part does not comprise any electronic devices and components, need not electric energy supply thereby essential safety.
The present invention for the technical scheme that solves its technical problem and adopt is:
A kind of full optical fiber downhole monitoring system of essential safety, by monitoring terminal, transmission cable and full Fibre Optical Sensor terminal are formed, monitoring terminal is positioned at aboveground, full Fibre Optical Sensor terminal is positioned at the down-hole, transmission cable connects monitoring terminal and full Fibre Optical Sensor terminal, described full Fibre Optical Sensor terminal is made up of light pretreatment module that does not need supply of electric power and sensing bare fibre, described smooth pretreatment module is formed by connecting by two sections optical patchcords side by side by two fiber couplers, wherein be manufactured with fibre delay line on one section optical patchcord, light pretreatment module one end is connected to transmission cable, the other end connects the sensing bare fibre, and sensing bare fibre end is connected with a speculum.
The operation of described monitoring terminal needs supply of electric power, by the input that is connected to transmission cable after the light source module connection light shunt module, connect detection successively and amplification module, data acquisition module, data processing module and display module form from the output of transmission cable again, also comprise corresponding software system, have to light launch, the function of reception and analyzing and processing.
Described sensing bare fibre is the optical fiber that removes its redundant protection layer in order to satisfy high sensitivity to require, and is made up of fibre core, covering, coat, also is included in other protection structures that increase under the prerequisite that does not influence its sensitivity.
Described smooth pretreatment module can be finished the preliminary extraction to optical information, thereby plays the sensing of separation light path and the effect of transmission region.
Monitoring terminal is placed in the aboveground monitoring machine room; Transmission cable one end is connected monitoring terminal, and the other end enters the down-hole, and according to the concrete condition of down-hole passage transmission cable is carried out branch; The place strip off transmission cable that need monitor in the down-hole is drawn optical fiber, is connected to full Fibre Optical Sensor terminal; In full Fibre Optical Sensor terminal, comprise one section sensing bare fibre,, the sensing bare fibre is coiled into hangs behind the coil or attached to the place that is difficult for touching according to the actual conditions of institute monitored area.
Working mechanism of the present invention is:
Monitoring terminal is launched optical signal by transmission cable to full Fibre Optical Sensor terminal; The various multidate informations that produce in the subsurface environment by various media, form disturbance to the sensing bare fibre, thereby cause the minor variations of the inner light path of sensing bare fibre; Full Fibre Optical Sensor terminal is passed through transmission cable, the optical return signal of this change in optical path length is passed to monitoring terminal, finish functions such as opto-electronic conversion, signals collecting, analyzing and processing, demonstration and warning in monitoring terminal inside, thereby realize real-time monitoring the various multidate informations in down-hole.
Among the present invention, the various multidate informations that produce in the described subsurface environment, be meant the various information that can make the sensing bare fibre produce time dependent small geometrical deformation, speak, walk, knock sound wave that wall, seismic wave, current etc. produce, vibration, shock wave etc. including, but not limited to the personnel in the pit.
Among the present invention, described various media are meant air, soil layer, water of down-hole etc., by these media, the various multidate informations in the environment can be delivered to and be suspended in the air, are positioned under water or attached to the sensing bare fibre on the wall.
Among the present invention, described disturbance is meant the time dependent small geometrical deformation that the sensing bare fibre produces.
Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
1. essential safety.Part in the down-hole among the present invention all is made up of the passive fiber device, do not have and cause dangerous physical basis, no current passes through when work, the non-radiating electromagnetic wave, be not subjected to electromagnetic interference yet, can not produce phenomenons such as electric spark, electric leakage, short circuit, heating, but long-term work is in highdensity methane gas and do not have danger.Requiring under the extremely strict condition, native system also can accomplish not contain any metal ingredient in the part of down-hole.
2. green energy conservation, low-carbon environment-friendly is particularly useful for large-scale mine.Only need lower powered electric energy supply at aboveground monitoring terminal among the present invention, all by optical fibre device transmission luminous energy, energy loss is minimum for the down-hole part, can need not the outside resources supply and long-time running in the down-hole reaches tens of kilometers scope.
3. suitable environment is wide.The present invention all is made up of the passive fiber device in the part of down-hole, can moist, under water, long-term stable operation under the various adverse circumstances such as high temperature, corrosion.
4. assist the function of rescuing after having safety in production monitoring and accident simultaneously.The present invention can monitor personnel in the pit's duty at ordinary times, and after accidents such as permeable, landslide, even full Fibre Optical Sensor terminal is buried, the personnel in the pit still can be by beaing mode such as native stone to aboveground monitoring terminal unidirectional delivery information.
5. combine with optical communication system.Can be suitable for by the various other systems based on fiber optic cable communications of common transmitted optical cable part and down-hole are compound among the present invention.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a system schematic of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of monitoring terminal among the present invention, and wherein block arrows is an optical path direction, and hollow arrow is the circuit direction;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the full Fibre Optical Sensor terminal of the 1st embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the full Fibre Optical Sensor terminal of the 2nd embodiment of the present invention;
Among the figure, 10. monitoring terminal, 20. transmission cables, 30. full Fibre Optical Sensor terminals, 11. light source module, 12. smooth shunt module, 13. detect and amplification module 14. data acquisition modules, 15. data processing module, 16. display modules, 31. smooth pretreatment module, 32. the sensing bare fibre, 33. speculums, 311.2 * 2 fiber couplers, 312.2 * 2 fiber couplers, 313. fibre delay lines, 314. optical patchcords, 315. optical patchcord, 316.3 * 3 fiber couplers, 34. faraday's polarization rotating mirrors.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in Figure 1, the full optical fiber downhole monitoring system of described essential safety is made up of monitoring terminal 10, transmission cable 20 and full Fibre Optical Sensor terminal 30 3 parts, wherein, monitoring terminal 10 is positioned at aboveground, full Fibre Optical Sensor terminal 30 is positioned at the down-hole, and transmission cable 20 connects monitoring terminal 10 and full Fibre Optical Sensor terminal 30.
Embodiment 1:
In conjunction with Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, present embodiment comprises monitoring terminal 10, transmission cable 20, full Fibre Optical Sensor terminal 30, and transmission cable 20 two ends connect monitoring terminal 10 and full Fibre Optical Sensor terminal 30 respectively.Monitoring terminal 10 as shown in Figure 2, comprising light source module 11, light shunt module 12, detection and amplification module 13, data acquisition module 14, data processing module 15, display module 16; Full Fibre Optical Sensor terminal 30 is as Fig. 3, comprising light pretreatment module 31, sensing bare fibre 32, speculum 33; Comprise 2 * 2 fiber couplers, 311,2 * 2 fiber couplers 312, fibre delay line 313, optical patchcord 314, optical patchcord 315 in the light pretreatment module 31, wherein optical patchcord 314,315 connects 2 * 2 fiber couplers 311 and 2 * 2 fiber couplers 312, and fibre delay line 313 is produced on the optical patchcord 314.
Use when of the present invention, monitoring terminal 10 is positioned over aboveground safety monitoring center, transmission cable 20 1 ends connect aboveground monitoring terminal 10, and the other end gos deep into the down-hole, and carries out branch according to the concrete condition of down-hole.Two core fibres (launch respectively and accept optical signal) with transmission cable 20 strip ofves, are drawn in the place that need monitor in the down-hole, insert full Fibre Optical Sensor terminal 30.Suppose the specific requirement according to underground monitoring, definition needs N full Fibre Optical Sensor terminal 30, then should comprise 2N fiber number in the transmission cable 20 at least.
The light path feature of present embodiment is: the continuous light wave that the light source module 11 of wide spectrum sends, enter light shunt module 12 after, be N light component by mean allocation, be assigned to respectively in the full Fibre Optical Sensor terminal 30 of N by transmission cable 20.In full Fibre Optical Sensor terminal 30, light energy is divided into 2 light components by 2 * 2 fiber couplers 311, and the light component that wherein enters wire jumper 315 directly enters in 2 * 2 fiber couplers 312; The light component that enters wire jumper 314 is through fibre delay line 313, produced time-delay τ after, enter 2 * 2 fiber couplers 312 again; Wire jumper 314, two light components in 315 enter sensing bare fibre 32 after merging in 2 * 2 fiber couplers 312, therefore, at sensing bare fibre 32 internal communications are two light components with time difference τ, these two light components are through after the propagation forward of certain distance, run into the speculum 33 of sensing bare fibre 32 ends, after sensing bare fibre 32 former road directions, propagate after being reflected, to 2 * 2 fiber couplers 312, originally two light components that had a time difference τ are by the wire jumper 314 by having the fibre delay line 313 and not have wire jumper 315 of delaying time respectively after the beam split once more, and enter in 2 * 2 fiber couplers 311 and to merge, enter transmission cable 20 after the merging, and get back in the monitoring terminal 10 by transmission cable 20.
Light pretreatment module 31 plays the effect that separates sensor-based system and transmission system in the present embodiment.The sensing bare fibre 32 that light pretreatment module 31 1 ends connect, the multidate information in can the perception surrounding environment plays the effect of sensing; When light component comes and goes twice during by light pretreatment module 31, pass through beam splitting, close optics preliminary treatment effects such as bundle, delay, return the transmission cable 20 of light pretreatment module 31 other ends afterwards, this moment, transmission cable 20 only played the effect of transmitting optical signal, and its inner optical signal no longer is subjected to the influence of various multidate informations in the surrounding environment.
In full Fibre Optical Sensor terminal 30, produce 4 following light components altogether: have time-delay τ when (a) propagating forward, not time-delay when returning backward; Not time-delay has time-delay τ when (b) propagating forward when returning backward; (c) propagation does not all have time-delay with returning backward forward; (d) propagation all has time-delay τ with returning backward forward.Because light source module 11 adopts broad spectrum light source, make the coherence length of light wave less than the length of fibre delay line 313, dimension, in above-mentioned 4 light components, have only light component (a) and (b) satisfy coherent condition, light wave after produce interfering enters and detects and amplification module 13, enters successively in data acquisition module 14, data processing module 15 and the display module 16 after changing the signal of telecommunication into.
The working mechanism of present embodiment is as follows:
Various multidate informations in full Fibre Optical Sensor terminal 30 surrounding environment can be regarded the disturbance to sensing bare fibre 32 as, thereby the light path of propagates light in the sensing bare fibre 32 is modulated.For example, the aerial propagation of sound wave will cause that the air ambient acoustic pressure changes, and acoustic pressure changes the minor variations that will cause as the geometry of elastomeric bare fibre; And for example, the mechanical wave of propagating in wall also can cause the variation of bare fibre geometry attached thereto.According to the elasto-optical effect of optical fiber, these disturbances will cause the minor variations of fiber lengths and refractive index, thus the light that makes the inside of optical fibre transmission, the light path time to time change of in through sensing bare fibre 32, passing by.
Environment produces under the situation of disturbances sensing bare fibre 32 around, light component (a) and (b) after passing through sensing bare fibre 32, and the light path of passing by is identical.
When disturbance produces, define this because the change in optical path length amount that external disturbance forms is L (t), then L (t) is proportional with disturbance.Light component (a) and (b) have time difference τ through sensing bare fibre 32 time, formed optical path difference is L (t+ τ)-L (t).According to the operating principle of all-fiber interferometer, the interferometric phase that the variation of this optical path difference forms in interference system
Can be expressed as
Wherein,
The change in optical path length rate that the expression disturbance causes, relevant with the bullet light characteristic of optical fiber, λ is a light wavelength, τ is the time lag that fibre delay line 313 causes.After filtering out flip-flop, finally the corresponding optical signal component that detects in monitoring terminal 10 is:
The physical quantity L ' that can try to achieve reflection disturbance speed according to formula (1) and formula (2) (t), by integral operation, the final true reduction that realizes multidate information in full Fibre Optical Sensor terminal 30 surrounding environment.
Embodiment 2:
Another typical embodiment of the present invention as shown in Figure 4,2 * 2 fiber couplers 311 among Fig. 3 among the embodiment 1 are replaced with 3 * 3 fiber couplers 316, and from transmission cable 20, draw the side that 3 optical fiber insert 3 * 3 fiber couplers 316, wherein one is input, all the other two are output, at the opposite side of 3 * 3 fiber couplers 316, only use two interfaces wherein, connect optical patchcord 314 and optical patchcord 315; Speculum among Fig. 3 33 is replaced with faraday's polarization revolving mirror 34; The structure of remainder is identical with embodiment 1.
In the present embodiment, if definition needs N full Fibre Optical Sensor terminal 30, then should comprise 3N fiber number in the transmission cable 20 at least.
In the present embodiment, corresponding sensing terminal 30, the effective optical signal component that detects in monitoring terminal 10 is two:
Wherein,
Be the initial phase difference of introducing by 3 * 3 fiber couplers 316.According to formula (1) and formula (3), (4), the physical quantity L ' that can try to achieve reflection disturbance speed equally (t), by integral operation, the final true reduction that realizes multidate information in full Fibre Optical Sensor terminal 30 surrounding environment.
Embodiment 1 is identical with the basic functional principle of 2 two kinds of structures of embodiment, and different is: the structure of embodiment 1 is simpler, and the core number of optical fiber is less in the transmission cable 20, and the number of photodetector is also less in the monitoring terminal 10; Each full Fibre Optical Sensor terminal 30 corresponding two-way output helps follow-up signal more and handles among the embodiment 2, adopts faraday's polarization rotating mirror, is used to eliminate the influence of circuit polarization state, has improved the reflecting effect to incident optical signal.
The follow-up processing procedure of embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 is identical, as follows:
In monitoring terminal 10, the optical signal that returns at first enters and detects and amplification module 13, optical signal is carried out processing such as opto-electronic conversion, low noise amplification, high-pass filtering, changes into the signal of telecommunication that is fit to arithmetic processor collection and computing; In data acquisition module 14, finish functions such as analog-to-digital conversion, high-speed data acquisition; In data processing module 15, finish functions such as demodulates information reduction, frequency spectrum conversion, pattern-recognition, intellectual analysis, data storage; Finally in display module 16, the various information that monitor are shown, locate and report to the police (early warning) in real time.In monitoring terminal 10, comprise necessary software systems.
The front provides the description to preferred embodiment, so that any technician of this area can use or utilize the present invention.Various modifications to these embodiment are conspicuous to those skilled in the art, can be applied to other embodiment to total principle described here and not use creativeness.Thereby, the embodiment shown in the present invention will be not limited to here, and the wide region of principle that should disclose and new features according to meeting here.
Claims (4)
1. the full optical fiber downhole monitoring system of an essential safety, by monitoring terminal, transmission cable and full Fibre Optical Sensor terminal are formed, monitoring terminal is positioned at aboveground, full Fibre Optical Sensor terminal is positioned at the down-hole, transmission cable connects monitoring terminal and full Fibre Optical Sensor terminal, it is characterized in that, described full Fibre Optical Sensor terminal is made up of light pretreatment module that does not need supply of electric power and sensing bare fibre, described smooth pretreatment module is formed by connecting by two sections optical patchcords side by side by two fiber couplers, wherein be manufactured with fibre delay line on one section optical patchcord, light pretreatment module one end is connected to transmission cable, the other end connects the sensing bare fibre, and sensing bare fibre end is connected with a speculum.
2. the full optical fiber downhole monitoring system of a kind of essential safety according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described monitoring connects the input that is connected to transmission cable after the light shunt module by light source module, connects detection successively and amplification module, data acquisition module, data processing module and display module form from the output of transmission cable again.
3. the full optical fiber downhole monitoring system of a kind of essential safety according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described sensing bare fibre is the optical fiber that removes its redundant protection layer in order to satisfy high sensitivity to require, and is made up of fibre core, covering, coat.
4. the full optical fiber downhole monitoring system of a kind of essential safety according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described smooth pretreatment module can be finished the preliminary extraction to optical information, thereby plays the sensing of separation light path and the effect of transmission region.
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| CN103266917A (en) * | 2013-05-20 | 2013-08-28 | 中国矿业大学 | Roof bed separation monitoring system based on fiber grating |
| CN104424741A (en) * | 2013-08-23 | 2015-03-18 | 上海杰蜀光电科技有限公司 | Optical fiber underwater intelligent fence system and application thereof |
| CN104454007A (en) * | 2014-10-15 | 2015-03-25 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Mine safety early warning system based on multi-fiber-core optical fibers |
| CN107340520A (en) * | 2017-06-27 | 2017-11-10 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of underground mine disaster sign of life detection and alignment system |
| CN110648482A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2020-01-03 | 武汉理工光科股份有限公司 | Distributed vibration optical cable positioning method and system based on long-distance oil and gas pipeline GIS |
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