CN101955491B - 用于非平面金属酞菁弱外延生长薄膜的诱导层材料 - Google Patents

用于非平面金属酞菁弱外延生长薄膜的诱导层材料 Download PDF

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CN101955491B
CN101955491B CN200910200459.5A CN200910200459A CN101955491B CN 101955491 B CN101955491 B CN 101955491B CN 200910200459 A CN200910200459 A CN 200910200459A CN 101955491 B CN101955491 B CN 101955491B
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thiophene
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terphenyl
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闫东航
耿延候
田洪坤
潘峰
黄丽珍
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Changchun Fulebo Display Technology Co., Ltd.
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Abstract

本发明涉及用于制备非平面金属酞菁弱外延生长薄膜的诱导层材料。诱导层材料特征在于所述的诱导层材料是用芳香共轭基团替换六联苯中间的苯环,用氟取代六联苯两端苯环上的氢,进而通过改变芳香共轭基团的尺寸大小或线性程度,以及变化两端苯环的极性,最终实现分子之间相互作用的调节,使其(001)晶面的晶胞参数与六联苯(001)晶面的晶胞参数之间产生差异,达到诱导非平面金属酞菁弱外延生长的效果。

Description

用于非平面金属酞菁弱外延生长薄膜的诱导层材料
技术领域
本发明涉及用于制备非平面金属酞菁弱外延生长薄膜的诱导层材料。 
背景技术
近年来,具有高载流子迁移率性质的有机半导体材料的发展异常活跃,在信息显示、集成电路、光伏电池和传感器等方面显示出广阔的应用前景。王海波等(先进材料杂志,Adv.Mater.,2007,19,2168-2171.)首次报道了一种在非晶衬底上制备盘状有机半导体多晶薄膜的方法-弱外延生长(Weak Epitaxy Growth),所制备出的多晶薄膜表现出单晶水平的载流子迁移率性能。弱外延生长的原理是在非晶的衬底上先制备一层具有高度有序排列的有机超薄膜作为诱导层(induced layer),盘状有机半导体分子在诱导层上取向成核,逐渐生长形成晶畴尺寸大、晶畴内取向度高和多晶畴融合性好的高品质多晶薄膜。王彤等(物理化学杂志B辑,J.Phy.Chem.B,2008,112,6786-6792.)报道了平面金属酞菁在六联苯诱导层上的弱外延生长行为,平面金属酞菁在单分子诱导层上表现出两个取向的无公度外延生长和一个取向的有公度外延生长,在双分子诱导层上表现出一个取向的有公度外延生长,这些生长习性与外延晶体和诱导层之间的晶格失配度有密切关系。王海波等(应用物理快报,Appl.Phys.Lett.,2007,90,253510.)报道了非平面金属酞菁类的酞菁氧钒在六联苯诱导层上的 弱外延生长现象,它们之间表现出无公度外延关系。非平面金属酞菁的晶胞参数和晶胞类型与平面金属酞菁之间存在显著差异,它们在六联苯诱导层上的弱外延生长习性发生了显著的变化,晶格匹配困难。为了获得高品质的非平面金属酞菁类有机半导体弱外延多晶薄膜,就需要开发与之晶格匹配的新型诱导层材料。 
发明内容
为了克服现有技术的不足,本发明的目的是提供一系列新型诱导层材料,适合诱导非平面金属酞菁的弱外延生长。 
本发明的原理是用芳香共轭基团(芳香稠环化合物或芳香环数目为2-4的含苯环和噻吩环的齐聚物)替换六联苯中间的苯环,用氟原子取代六联苯两端苯环上的氢原子,进而通过改变芳香共轭基团的尺寸大小或线性程度,以及变化两端苯环的极性,最终实现分子之间相互作用的调节,使其(001)晶面的晶胞参数与六联苯(001)晶面的晶胞参数之间产生差异,达到能够与非平面金属酞菁晶胞参数匹配的效果。新型诱导层材料的分子结构具有如下通式: 
通式I中的Ar为芳香共轭基团,包括以下结构: 
或Ar为以下结构之一: 
通式I和II中的R1为氢原子(H)或氟原子(F),R2为氢原子(H)或氟原子(F)。 
按照R1和R2化学结构的不同,符合通式I的新型诱导层材料的分子结构可分为以下三种类型: 
类型一:R1=R2=H,具体化学结构,化合物名称和英文缩写列于表1。 
表1 
类型二:R1=F,R2=H,具体化学结构,化合物名称和英文缩写列于表2。 
表2 
类型三:R1=H,R2=F;具体化学结构,化合物名称和英文缩写列于表3。 
表3 
表1中的BPTT,BP3T,BP4T和p8P按照已公开的技术方案制备,具体如下:BPTT(材料化学,Chem.Mater.,2005,17,3861-3870.),BP3T(杂环化学杂志,J.Heterocycl.Chem.,2000,37,281-286.),BP4T(杂环化学杂志,J.Heterocycl.Chem.,2003,40,845-850.)和p8P(有机及生物分子化学,Org.Biomol.Chem.,2004,2,452-454.)。BPPh,BPBTB和BPTBT可以通过Suzuki偶联反应得到,所涉及的反应中 间体为工业产品或按照已公开的技术方案制备,具体如下:4-联苯硼酸为工业产品,2,7-二溴菲(化学通讯,Chem.Commun.,2006,3498-3500.),2,7-二溴硫芴(材料化学杂志,J.Mater.Chem.,1999,9,2095-2101.),2,6-二碘-苯并[1,2-b:4,5-b′]二噻吩(有机化学杂志,J.Org.Chem.,1994,59,3077-3081.)。3PT,3P2T和3PTT可以通过Stille偶联反应得到,所涉及的反应中间体按照已公开的技术方案制备,具体如下:4-溴-1,1′:4′,1″-三联苯(物理化学杂志B辑,J.Phys.Chem.B,2001,105,8845-8860.),2,5-二(三丁基锡基)噻吩和5,5′-二(三丁基锡基)-2,2′-二噻吩(有机化学杂志,J.Org.Chem.,1995,60,6813-6819.),2,5-二(三丁基锡)-[3,2-b]并二噻吩(化学会志,帕尔金汇刊,第I辑,J.Chem.Soc.,Perkin.Trans.1,1997,15,3465-3470.)。 
表2中所列化合物的制备涉及到关键中间体4-溴-4′-氟代联苯,按照已公开的技术方案(化学会志,J.Chem.Soc.,1937,1359)制备。如下图所示,利用4-溴-4′-氟代联苯与金属镁反应可制得相应的格式试剂,在将其与硼酸三甲酯反应,最后经稀盐酸酸化,可制得4′-氟代联苯-4-硼酸。 
F2-BPPh,F2-BPBTB,F2-BPTBT的制备方法与BPPh,BPBTB,BPTBT的制备方法相同,只需用4′-氟代联苯-4-硼酸代替4-联苯硼酸即可。F2-BPTT,F2-BP2T,F2-BP3T可以通过4-溴-4′-氟代联苯分别与2,5-二(三丁基锡)-[3,2-b]并二噻吩,5,5′-二(三丁基锡基)-2,2′-二噻吩和5,5″-二(三丁基锡基)-2,2′:5′,2″-三噻吩 (有机化学杂志,J.Org.Chem.,1995,60,6813-6819.)进行Stille偶联反应得到。F2-BP4T的制备过程如下图所示,4-溴-4′-氟代联苯与噻吩的格式试剂发生Kumada偶联反应得到2-(4-4′-氟代联苯基)噻吩,其与NBS发生溴代反应得到5-溴-2-(4-4′-氟代联苯基)噻吩。最后将5-溴-2-(4-4′-氟代联苯基)噻吩与5,5′-二(三丁基锡基)-2,2′-二噻吩进行Stille偶联反应即可得到F2-BP4T。 
F2-p8P的制备过程如下图所示:4′-氟代联苯-4-硼酸与4,4′-二溴联苯(工业品)进行Suzuki偶联反应得到4-溴-4″′-氟-1,1′:4′,1″:4″,1″′-并四联苯,该产物经升华提纯后,通过Yamamoto偶联反应得到F2-p8P。 
F2-3PT,F2-3P2T和F2-3PTT的制备方法为4′-氟代联苯-4-硼酸与对溴碘苯(工业品)进行Suzuki偶联反应得到4-溴-4″-氟-1,1′:4′,1″-三联苯(如下图所示),其分别与2,5-二(三丁基锡基)噻吩,5,5′-二(三丁基锡基)-2,2′-二噻吩和2,5-二(三丁基锡)-[3,2-b]并二噻吩进行Stille偶联反应分别得到相应的F2-3PT,F2-3P2T和F2-3PTT。 
表3中所列化合物的制备涉及到关键中间体4-溴-3′,5′-二氟代联苯,如下图所示,按照已公开的技术方案(有机金属化学杂志,J.Organomet.Chem.,2000,598,127-135.),3,5-二氟溴苯(工业品)与金属镁反应可制得相应的格式试剂,再将其与硼酸三甲酯反应,最后经稀盐酸酸化,就可制得3,5-二氟苯硼酸,其与对溴碘苯(工业品)进行Suzuki偶联反应得到4-溴-3′,5′-二氟代联苯。 
按照上面提供的4′-氟代联苯-4-硼酸的制备方法,用4-溴-3′,5′-二氟代联苯替代4-溴-4′-氟代联苯,即可获得3′,5′-二氟代联苯-4-硼酸。鉴于表2和表3中所列化合物的结构差异为4-氟苯基和3,5-二氟代苯基,在已有4-溴-3′,5′-二氟代联苯和3′,5′-二氟代联苯-4-硼酸的前提下,按照表2中所列化合物的合成方法,很容易制备表3中的所有化合物。 
符合通式II的新型诱导层材料的具体化学结构,化合物名称和英文缩写列于表4。 
表4 
P4T,F2-P4T和F4-P4T的制备过程如下图所示:溴苯或对溴氟苯或3,5-二氟溴苯与噻吩的格式试剂进行Kumada偶联反应,得到2-苯基噻吩或2-(4-氟苯基)噻吩或2-(3,5-二氟苯基)噻吩,将它们分别与NBS反应,得到相应的溴代产物2-溴-5-苯基噻吩或2-溴-5-(4-氟苯基)噻吩或2-溴-5-(3,5-二氟苯基)噻吩,将上述溴代产物分别与5,5′-二(三丁基锡基)-2,2′-二噻吩进行Stille偶联反应,最终得到P4T或F2-P4T或F4-P4T。 
上述的所有诱导层材料经真空升华得到最终的纯品。 
附图说明
图1a为BPTT诱导层薄膜的原子力显微镜图片,图1b为VOPc在BPTT诱导层薄膜上生长薄膜的原子力显微镜图片,图1c为VOPc在BPTT诱导层薄膜上生长薄膜的选区电子衍射图。其中,取向一 VOPc(-2-12)晶面衍射点与BPTT(200)晶面衍射点共格,为有公度外延关系;取向二VOPc与BPTT为无公度外延关系。 
图2a为PbPc在BPTT诱导层薄膜上生长薄膜的原子力显微镜图片,图2b为PbPc在BPTT诱导层薄膜上生长薄膜的选区电子衍射图。其中,取向一PbPc与BPTT为有公度外延关系;取向二和取向三PbPc与BPTT为无公度外延关系。 
图3a为TiOPc在BPTT诱导层薄膜上生长薄膜的原子力显微镜图片,图3b为TiOPc在BPTT诱导层薄膜上生长薄膜的选区电子衍射图。其中,取向一TiOPc与BPTT为有公度外延关系;取向二和取向三TiOPc与BPTT为无公度外延关系。 
图4a为SnPc在BPTT诱导层薄膜上生长薄膜的原子力显微镜图片,图4b为SnPc在BPTT诱导层薄膜上生长薄膜的选区电子衍射图,SnPc与BPTT为有公度外延关系。 
图5a为F2-BP4T诱导层薄膜的原子力显微镜图片,图5b为PbPc在F2-BP4T诱导层薄膜上生长薄膜的原子力显微镜图片,图5c为PbPc在F2-BP4T诱导层薄膜上生长薄膜的选区电子衍射图。其中,取向一PbPc与F2-BP4T为有公度外延关系;取向二和取向三PbPc与F2-BP4T为无公度外延关系。 
图6a为VOPc在F2-BP4T诱导层薄膜上生长薄膜的原子力显微镜图片,图6b为VOPc在F2-BP4T诱导层薄膜上生长薄膜的选区电子衍射图,取向一、取向二和取向三VOPc与F2-BP4T均为无公度外延关系。 
图7a为TiOPc在F2-BP4T诱导层薄膜上生长薄膜的原子力显微镜图片,图7b为TiOPc在F2-BP4T诱导层薄膜上生长薄膜的选区电子衍射图,TiOPc与F2-BP4T为无公度外延关系。 
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例进一步描述本发明。 
实施例: 
实验所用康宁7059玻璃基板是商业产品,经过清洗后使用。实验所用非平面金属酞菁是商业产品,经过升华纯化后使用。实验所用诱导层材料经过升华纯化后使用。 
首先,在康宁7059玻璃基板上采用化学气相沉积方法生长厚度约300纳米的氮化硅。然后,采用分子气相沉积方法在氮化硅表面沉积1-3个分子层厚度的诱导层薄膜,真空度为10-4帕,基板温度约230℃。最后,在诱导层上连续沉积一层非平面金属酞菁,真空度和基板温度与制备诱导层相同。 
图1a为1个分子层厚度的2,5-二(4-联苯基)-[3,2-b]并二噻吩(BPTT)薄膜的原子力显微镜图像,薄膜表面平滑,适合有机半导体层的外延生长。图1b为酞菁氧钒(VOPc)在图1a表面生长20纳米厚度薄膜的原子力显微镜图像,VOPc分子层台阶明显,是典型的层状生长模式的薄膜。图1c为图1b的选区电子衍射图,VOPc在BPTT上表现出两种取向关系。其中,取向一VOPc(-2-12)晶面衍射点与BPTT(200)晶面衍射点共格,为有公度外延关系;取向二VOPc与BPTT为无公度外延关系。 
图2a是为酞菁铅(PbPc)在图1a表面生长20纳米厚度薄膜的原子力显微镜图像,PbPc分子层台阶明显,是典型的层状生长模式的薄膜。图2b为图2a的选区电子衍射图,PbPc在BPTT上表现出三种取向关系。其中,取向一PbPc与BPTT为有公度外延关系;取向二和取向三PbPc与BPTT为无公度外延关系。 
图3a是为酞菁氧钛(TiOPc)在图1a表面生长20纳米厚度薄膜 的原子力显微镜图像,TiOPc分子层台阶明显,是典型的层状生长模式的薄膜。图3b为图3a的选区电子衍射图,TiOPc在BPTT上表现出三种取向关系。其中,取向一TiOPc与BPTT为有公度外延关系;取向二和取向三TiOPc与BPTT为无公度外延关系。 
图4a是为酞菁锡(SnPc)在图1a表面生长20纳米厚度薄膜的原子力显微镜图像,SnPc分子层台阶明显,是典型的层状生长模式的薄膜。图4b为图4a的选区电子衍射图,SnPc在BPTT上表现出为无公度外延关系。 
图5a为1个分子层厚度的5,5″′-二(4-4′-氟代联苯基)-2,2′:5′,2″:5″,2″′-四噻吩(F2-BP4T)薄膜的原子力显微镜图像,薄膜表面平滑,适合有机半导体层的外延生长。图5b为酞菁铅(PbPc)在图5a表面生长20纳米厚度薄膜的原子力显微镜图像,PbPc分子层台阶明显,是典型的层状生长模式的薄膜。图5c为图5b的选区电子衍射图,PbPc在F2-BP4T上表现出三种取向关系。其中,取向一PbPc与F2-BP4T为有公度外延关系;取向二和取向三PbPc与F2-BP4T为无公度外延关系。 
图6a为酞菁氧钒(VOPc)在图5a表面生长20纳米厚度薄膜的原子力显微镜图像,VOPc分子层台阶明显,是典型的层状生长模式的薄膜。图6b为图6a的选区电子衍射图,VOPc在F2-BP4T上表现出三种取向关系,均为无公度外延关系。 
图7a为酞菁氧钛(TiOPc)在图5a表面生长20纳米厚度薄膜的原子力显微镜图像,TiOPc分子层台阶明显,是典型的层状生长模式的薄膜。图7b为图7a的选区电子衍射图,TiOPc与F2-BP4T为无公度外延关系。 
诱导层分子2,7-二(4-联苯基)-菲(BPPh),2,7-二(4 -联苯基)-硫芴(BPBTB),2,6-二(4-联苯基)-苯并[1,2-b:4,5-b′]二噻吩(BPTBT),2,5-二(4-联苯基)-[3,2-b]并二噻吩(BPTT),5,5″-二(4-联苯基)-2,2′:5′,2″-三噻吩(BP3T),5,5″′-二(4-联苯基)-2,2′:5′,2″:5″,2″′-四噻吩(BP4T),1,1′:4′,1″:4″,1″′:4″′,1″″:4″″,1″″′:4″″′,1″″″:4″″″,1″″″′-八联苯(p8P),2,5-二(4-1,1′:4′,1″-三联苯基)-噻吩(3PT),5,5′-二(4-1,1′:4′,1″-三联苯基)-2,2′-二噻吩(3P2T),2,5-二(4-1,1′:4′,1″-三联苯基)-[3,2-b]并二噻吩(3PTT),2,7-二(4-4′-氟代联苯基)-菲(F2-BPPh),2,7-二(4-4′-氟代联苯基)-硫芴(F2-BPBTB),2,6-二(4-4′-氟代联苯基)-苯并[1,2-b:4,5-b′]二噻吩(F2-BPTBT),2,5-二(4-4′-氟代联苯基)-[3,2-b]并二噻吩(F2-BPTT),5,5′-二(4-4′-氟代联苯基)-2,2′-二噻吩(F2-BP2T),5,5″-二(4-4′-氟代联苯基)-2,2′:5′,2″-三噻吩(F2-BP3T),5,5″′-二(4-4′-氟代联苯基)-2,2′:5′,2″:5″,2″′-四噻吩(F2-BP4T),4,4″″′-二(4-氟苯基)-1,1′:4′,1″:4″,1″′:4″′,1″″:4″″,1″″′-六联苯(F2-p8P),2,5-二(4-4″-氟代-1,1′:4′,1″-三联苯基)-噻吩(F2-3PT),5,5′-二(4-4″-氟代-1,1′:4′,1″-三联苯基)-2,2′-二噻吩(F2-3P2T),2,5-二(4-4″-氟代-1,1′:4′,1″-三联苯基)-[3,2-b]并二噻吩(F2-3PTT),2,7-二(4-3′,5′-二氟代联苯基)-菲(F4-BPPh),2,7-二(4-3′,5′-二氟代联苯基)-硫芴(F4-BPBTB),2,6-二(4-3′,5′-二氟代联苯基)-苯并[1,2-b:4,5-b′]二噻吩(F4-BPTBT),2,5-二(4-3′,5′-二氟代联苯基)-[3,2-b]并二噻吩(F4-BPTT),5,5′-二(4-3′,5′-二氟代联苯基)-2,2′-二噻吩(F4-BP2T),5,5″-二(4-3′,5′-二氟代联苯基)-2,2′:5′,2″-三噻吩(F4-BP3T), 5,5″′-二(4-3′,5′-二氟代联苯基)-2,2′:5′,2″:5″,2″′-四噻吩(F4-BP4T),4,4″″′-二(3,5-二氟代苯基)-1,1′:4′,1″:4″,1″′:4″′,1″″:4″″,1″″′-六联苯(F4-p8P),2,5-二(4-3″,5″-二氟代-1,1′:4′,1″-三联苯基)-噻吩(F4-3PT),5,5′-二(4-3″,5″-二氟代-1,1′:4′,1″-三联苯基)-2,2′-二噻吩(F4-3P2T),2,5-二(4-3″,5″-二氟代-1,1′:4′,1″-三联苯基)-[3,2-b]并二噻吩(F4-3PTT),5,5″′-二苯基-2,2′:5′,2″:5″,2″′-四噻吩(P4T),5,5″′-二(4-氟苯基)-2,2′:5′,2″:5″,2″′-四噻吩(F2-P4T)和5,5″′-二(3,5-二氟苯基)-2,2′:5′,2″:5″,2″′-四噻吩(F4-P4T)与非平面金属酞菁的外延关系列于表5中。 
表5 
本发明不限于上述实施例。一般来说,本专利所公开的用于弱取向外延生长的诱导层材料可以用于其他有机半导体元件中,形成二维和三维的集成器件中的元件。这些集成器件可能应用在集成电路、有源矩阵显示、传感器和光伏电池方面。使用基于本发明的电子元件容易大面积加工制备。 

Claims (4)

1.一类用于非平面金属酞菁弱外延生长薄膜的诱导层材料,其特征在于所述的诱导层材料具有如下结构通式:
(通式I)
通式I中的Ar为选自以下结构的芳香共轭基团:
通式I中的R1为氢原子(H)或氟原子(F),R2为氢原子(H)或氟原子(F),且R1与R2不同时为氟原子;按照R1和R2化学结构的不同,符合通式I的新型诱导层材料的分子结构分为以下三种类型:(1)R1=R2=H,并且不包含Ar为(4)-(8)的结构;(2)R1=F,R2=H;(3)R1=H,R2=F。
2.按照权利要求1所述的诱导层材料,其特征还在于所述的诱导层材料具有如下结构:2,7-二(4-联苯基)-菲(BPPh),2,7-二(4-联苯基)-硫芴(BPBTB),2,6-二(4-联苯基)-苯并[1,2-b:4,5-b′]二噻吩(BPTBT),2,5-二(4-1,1′:4′,1″-三联苯基)-噻吩(3PT),5,5′-二(4-1,1′:4′,1″-三联苯基)-2,2′-二噻吩(3P2T),2,5-二(4-1,1′:4′,1″-三联苯基)-[3,2-b]并二噻吩(3PTT),2,7-二(4-4′-氟代联苯基)-菲(F2-BPPh),2,7-二(4-4′-氟代联苯基)-硫芴(F2-BPBTB),2,6-二(4-4′-氟代联苯基)-苯并[1,2-b:4,5-b′]二噻吩(F2-BPTBT),2,5-二(4-4′-氟代联苯基)-[3,2-b]并二噻吩(F2-BPTT),5,5′-二(4-4′-氟代联苯基)-2,2′-二噻吩(F2-BP2T),5,5″-二(4-4′-氟代联苯基)-2,2′:5′,2″-三噻吩(F2-BP3T),5,5″′-二(4-4′-氟代联苯基)-2,2′:5′,2″:5″,2″′-四噻吩(F2-BP4T),4,4″″′-二(4-氟苯基)-1,1′:4′,1″:4″,1″′:4″′,1″″:4″″,1″″′-六联苯(F2-p8P),2,5-二(4-4″-氟代-1,1′:4′,1″-三联苯基)-噻吩(F2-3PT),5,5′-二(4-4″-氟代-1,1′:4′,1″-三联苯基)-2,2′-二噻吩(F2-3P2T),2,5-二(4-4″-氟代-1,1′:4′,1″-三联苯基)-[3,2-b]并二噻吩(F2-3PTT),2,7-二(4-3′,5′-二氟代联苯基)-菲(F4-BPPh),2,7-二(4-3′,5′-二氟代联苯基)-硫芴(F4-BPBTB),2,6-二(4-3′,5′-二氟代联苯基)-苯并[1,2-b:4,5-b′]二噻吩(F4-BPTBT),2,5-二(4-3′,5′-二氟代联苯基)-[3,2-b]并二噻吩(F4-BPTT),5,5′-二(4-3′,5′-二氟代联苯基)-2,2′-二噻吩(F4-BP2T),5,5″-二(4-3′,5′-二氟代联苯基)-2,2′:5′,2″-三噻吩(F4-BP3T),5,5″′-二(4-3′,5′-二氟代联苯基)-2,2′:5′,2″:5″,2″′-四噻吩(F4-BP4T),4,4″″′-二(3,5-二氟代苯基)-1,1′:4′,1″:4″,1″′:4″′,1″″:4″″,1″″′-六联苯(F4-p8P),2,5-二(4-3″,5″-二氟代-1,1′:4′,1″-三联苯基)-噻吩(F4-3PT),5,5′-二(4-3″,5″-二氟代-1,1′:4′,1″-三联苯基)-2,2′-二噻吩(F4-3P2T)或2,5-二(4-3″,5″-二氟代-1,1′:4′,1″-三联苯基)-[3,2-b]并二噻吩(F4-3PTT)中的任何一种。
3.一类用于非平面金属酞菁弱外延生长薄膜的诱导层材料,其特征在于所述的诱导层材料具有如下结构:5,5″′-二(4-氟苯基)-2,2′:5′,2″:5″,2″′-四噻吩(F2-P4T),5,5″′-二(3,5-二氟苯基)-2,2′:5′,2″:5″,2″′-四噻吩(F4-P4T)。
4.2,5-二(4-联苯基)-[3,2-b]并二噻吩(BPTT),1,1′:4′,1″:4″,1″′:4″′,1″″:4″″,1″″′:4″″′,1″″″:4″″″,1″″″′-八联苯(p8P)作为用于非平面金属酞菁弱外延生长薄膜的诱导层材料的用途。
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