CN101951829B - 一种进行视敏度检查的系统 - Google Patents

一种进行视敏度检查的系统 Download PDF

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CN101951829B
CN101951829B CN2008801147862A CN200880114786A CN101951829B CN 101951829 B CN101951829 B CN 101951829B CN 2008801147862 A CN2008801147862 A CN 2008801147862A CN 200880114786 A CN200880114786 A CN 200880114786A CN 101951829 B CN101951829 B CN 101951829B
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里沙德·韦茨
邓肯·麦克莱恩
约翰·罗杰斯
贾斯廷·佩德罗
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    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
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    • G01B9/00Measuring instruments characterised by the use of optical techniques
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    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B3/00Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
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    • A61B3/1025Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions for confocal scanning
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
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    • G01B9/00Measuring instruments characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B9/02Interferometers
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    • G01B9/02091Tomographic interferometers, e.g. based on optical coherence
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Abstract

本发明涉及通过将共焦成像仪引向患者眼睛内进行视敏度检查。当患者注视某点时,在其视野中的各个点产生刺激;通过眼睛移动记录患者对刺激的反应,并在共焦成像仪的辅助下进行跟踪;矫正在视网膜上的所述刺激的位置以便将刺激之间的任何眼睛移动考虑在内。

Description

一种进行视敏度检查的系统
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2007年11月5日提交的美国临时申请号60/985,465的优先权,其内容以引用的方式并入本文。 
技术领域
本发明涉及眼科检查领域,具体地说,涉及对患者的微视野和视敏度进行检查的方法。 
背景技术
旨在绘制患者视野并记录周边视敏度的视野测试是眼科领域的支柱。采用此类测试以评估疾病和治疗进展。典型地,测试由在患者直视前方、注视某点时让其对每次感知光闪烁反应组成。采用投射到要求患者读字母的墙上的图对视敏度进行一般测试。使用视野检查测试位于视网膜上的点并且一般使用哈姆弗雷分析器(HumphreyTMfield analyzer)进行。 
这两个系统的主要缺点就是缺少眼底跟踪。比如,如果某人在他或她的黄斑中有20/200的视力,而在他或她的周边有20/40的视力,则标准视野测试将无法辨别差异,或者无法告知医生患者使用眼底的 哪个部分进行注视。眼底是晶状体对面眼的内侧部分。 
标准视野检查不提供跟踪。如果患者在刺激之间移动患者自己的眼球,那么向低注视能力的患者提供刺激给出无意义的结果。 
发明内容
根据本发明,提供了一项对患者进行视敏度检查的方法,包括将共焦成像仪引向患者的眼睛;在患者注视某点时,在其视野的各个点显示刺激;记录患者对所述刺激的反应;采用共焦成像仪跟踪眼睛的移动;以及矫正在患者视网膜上刺激的位置以考虑在连续刺激之间的任何眼睛的移动。 
因此,根据本发明的实施例,当向患者显示刺激时,采用来自组合的扫描激光检眼镜系统和光学相干断层扫描系统(SLO/OCT)的SLO成像对眼睛进行成像。在检查期间软件自动跟踪眼睛的移动情况。这种方法给医师带来有价值的信息,例如患者眼睛的哪部分用来注视,帮助确保测试的准确性,并为医师提供卓越的眼底图像以便诊断。 
视敏度检查或视野检查一经结束,便可使用系统的OCT部分对患者扫描,因此医师通过进行B-扫描、C-扫描,或获得3D断层扫描(tomography)可看到来自患者眼睛的结构信息。随后,功能(视觉检查以及视敏度检查)信息可以被覆盖到结构信息上,因此医师可看出眼球中的哪些结构与视力下降有关。 
使功能和结构能力做成单机意味着可以缩短患者需要的检查时 间、减少操作者需要的训练以及给医师提供更准确的信息。 
附图说明
现在将仅通过实例并结合附图更详细地描述本发明,其中: 
图1显示了视野检查结果的视网膜图片; 
图2显示了OCT断层扫描图像(虚颜色表示视网膜厚度,黑色和白色是OCT B-扫描); 
图3显示了将视野检查结果覆盖在断层扫描图像上;以及 
图4是根据本发明的一个实施例进行视敏度检查的仪器的框图。 
具体实施方式
描述了商业上可适用的组合SLO/OCT系统,例如,在美国专利号6,769,769中,其内容以引用方式并入本文。此SLO/OCT系统能够使眼睛或视网膜成OCT图像以及SLO图像或共焦显微图像。 
根据本发明的实施例,使用由SLO-OCT系统产生的高分辨率SLO扫描来跟踪患者的眼睛移动进行视敏度检查。如图4所示,将SLO-OCT系统10引向患者眼睛12,以及通过扫描获得的一系列视网膜SLO图像。通过来自SLO扫描仪的计算机14创建共焦图像和将该共焦图像显示在显示屏16上。 
该SLO-OCT系统10通过比较连续图像能够跟踪视网膜的移动。该跟踪能够利用适于该目的任意已知算法,诸如用于图像校准的边缘检测与Hausdroff算法的组合,在计算机14的软件中自动进行跟踪。 只要能够精确地跟踪眼睛的移动,实际使用的算法并不重要。 
该SLO-OCT系统10包括由计算机14控制的高分辨率显示屏18,当扫描时患者能够看到。使用高分辨率显示屏18为病人创建一固定目标以注视在其上。当通过在患者视野中的各个点和在各种强度下产生刺激进行检测时,要求患者注释该目标。例如,如果患者看着一中心点,则在由极坐标r1,θ1所述的位置产生一闪烁,并且患者要求指出其能否观察到该闪烁。改变该闪烁的强度以确定患者在该点的敏感度(或响应度)。接着,在不同的点ri,θi可重复该过程。 
随后,由该SLO-OCT系统获得的跟踪结果数据被用于显示屏18以准确地将视野测量刺激定位于将所有患者移动考虑在内测试的每个点相同眼底位置。因此,如图1所示,根据患者的响应可创建患者的视敏度的图。通过考虑由扫描仪间的SLO成像仪器检测到的眼睛移动,可将数据点与患者视网膜上的矫正位置相关联。例如,如果SLO成像仪器检测出视网膜在连续刺激下移动了δx的量,那么可以调整随后的刺激点在视网膜上的位置以便将这次移动考虑进去。 
另外,如图2所示,使用仪器的OCT部分可得到断层扫描的三维图像,在这种情况下刺激点可以被标记在三维图像上,如图3所示。 
此显示器亦可用于显示四个方向(C上,下,左,右的开口)之一的斯耐仑C(Snellen‘C’)。在这个测试中,患者使用一个手持遥控器或控制杆来报告开口方向。当患者无法继续报告开口的方向时,他已经通过了他的视敏度极限。任何其他字母数或符号数都可以被用作相同的目的。记录通过SLO仪器获得的跟踪数据来表明患者使用 眼睛的哪一部分来注视固定点。 
本发明利用了SLO-OCT系统能够产生的功能信息与结构信息的优势。它可期望地使用来自功能成像和结构成像的SLO图像的自动较准,来覆盖在计算机14中B-扫描,C-扫描或断层扫描的视觉检查或视敏度检查的结果。 
因此,本发明的各个方面包括将微视野检查整合到一组合SLO-OCT成像系统中的方法,以及将视敏度测试整合到一组合SLO-OCT成像系统的方法。 

Claims (6)

1.一种进行视敏度检查的系统,所述系统包括:
SLO-OCT系统(10)、计算机(14)、显示器(16)和显示屏(18);
其中,将SLO-OCT系统(10)引向患者眼睛(12),以及通过扫描获得的一系列视网膜SLO图像,通过来自SLO扫描仪的计算机(14)创建共焦图像和将该共焦图像显示在显示器(16)上;
SLO-OCT系统(10)通过比较连续图像能够跟踪视网膜的移动,该跟踪能够利用适于跟踪视网膜的移动目的的用于图像校准的边缘检测与Hausdroff算法的组合的已知算法,在计算机(14)的软件中自动进行跟踪;
SLO-OCT系统(10)包括由计算机(14)控制的高分辨率显示屏(18),当扫描时患者能够看到,使用高分辨率显示屏(18)为病人创建一固定目标以注视在其上;其中,当通过在患者视野中的各个点和在各种强度下产生刺激进行检测时,要求患者注释该目标;如果患者看着一中心点,则在由极坐标r1,θ1的位置产生一闪烁,并且患者要求指出其能否观察到该闪烁;改变该闪烁的强度以确定患者在该点的敏感度或响应度;接着,在不同的点ri,θi重复该过程;
由SLO-OCT系统(10)获得的跟踪结果数据被用于显示屏(18)以准确地将视野测量刺激定位于将所有患者移动考虑在内测试的每个点相同眼底位置;根据患者的响应创建患者的视敏度的图;通过考虑由扫描仪间的SLO成像仪器检测到的眼睛移动,将数据点与患者视网膜上的矫正位置相关联;如果SLO成像仪器检测出视网膜在连续刺激下移动了δx的量,那么调整随后的刺激点在视网膜上的位置以便将这次移动考虑进去。
2.根据权利要求1的系统,其中,矫正的患者反应覆盖在采用SLO-OCT系统共焦成像仪(10)获得的视网膜的共焦成像上。
3.根据权利要求1的系统,其中,所述矫正的患者反应覆盖在通过采用SLO-OCT系统(10)的OCT部分获得的视网膜的断层扫描图像上。
4.根据权利要求1的系统,其中,所述刺激包括光闪烁,并且改变所述光闪烁的强度以测定在视网膜不同区域患者的反应。
5.根据权利要求1的系统,其中,向患者显示所述显示屏(18)上的形状,并且通过患者报告该形状的方向确定视敏度的限度。
6.根据权利要求5的系统,其中,所述形状是C-形。
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HK1153106A1 (zh) 2012-03-23
CN101951829A (zh) 2011-01-19
JP5688491B2 (ja) 2015-03-25
EP2209414A1 (en) 2010-07-28
JP2011502015A (ja) 2011-01-20
US7690791B2 (en) 2010-04-06
CA2704350A1 (en) 2009-05-14
EP2209414B1 (en) 2015-04-15
US20090141240A1 (en) 2009-06-04
WO2009059400A1 (en) 2009-05-14
CA2704350C (en) 2016-09-20

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