CN101950122B - Multilayered screens with light-emitting stripes for scanning beam display systems - Google Patents

Abstract

Multilayered screens with parallel light-emitting stripes for scanning beam display systems. The light-emitting materials may include phosphor materials and non-phosphor materials.

Description

The multilayer screen that is used for scanning beam display systems with luminous zone

The application be submitted on May 19th, 2008, application number is 200880023058.0, denomination of invention is divided an application for the patented claim of " multilayer screen with luminous zone that is used for scanning beam display systems ".

Prioity claim

The U.S. Provisional Application No.60/938 that the application's requirement is entitled as " multilayer screen with luminous zone that is used for scanning beam display systems ", submits on May 17th, 2007; 690 right of priority is incorporated its disclosed full content into by reference with the part as present specification.

Background technology

The application relates to the display system of using screen with fluorescent material under light stimulus, to launch colorama, for example, and based on the image and the video display of laser be used for the screen design of these displays.

Image and video display can be designed to directly produce the light of the different colours that carries coloured image; And with colour image projection to screen, wherein screen is through making coloured image visible and not luminous to the observer to reflection of light, diffusion or the scattering that receives.The instance of this display comprises digital light processing (DLP) display, liquid crystal on silicon (LCoS) display and grating light valve (GLV) display.Some other image and video display use the light that produces different colours to form the luminescent screen of coloured image.The instance of this display system comprises cathode ray tube (CRT) display, plasma display, LCD (LCD), light emitting diode (LED) display (for example, organic LED display) and field-emitter display (FED).

Summary of the invention

The application's instructions described especially under the light stimulus luminescent screen and based on the display system and the device of this screen, use at least a exciting light beam to encourage one or more luminescent materials on the screen, it is luminous to form image.Fluorescent material can comprise phosphor material and non-phosphor material, for example quantum dot.

In an example, a kind of display screen comprises: luminescent layer, comprise a plurality of parallel and luminous zones of separating, and the exciting light that each luminous zone absorbs excitation wavelength is different from the visible light of the visible wavelength of excitation wavelength with emission; Lens array layer is positioned on the said luminescent layer the said exciting light said luminescent layer that leads, and comprises the two-dimensional lens array.Each lens has the size less than each luminous zone width, and in each luminous zone width a plurality of lens is arranged.The pinhole array layer is between said lens array layer and said luminescent layer; And comprise the reflection opaque layer; Said reflection opaque layer covers said lens array layer and patterning has the two-dimentional pinhole array that spatially corresponds respectively to said lens, so that said exciting light is transferred to said luminescent layer from said lens.

In another example; A kind of display screen comprises: luminescent layer comprises a plurality of parallel and luminous zones of separating and inserts a plurality of parallel interband parting between the said luminous zone; The exciting light of each luminous zone absorption excitation wavelength is different from the visible light of the visible wavelength of said excitation wavelength with emission; Each interband parting is between two adjacent luminous zones, and wherein, each interband parting is an optical reflection.This display screen also comprises dichroic layer, is formed on the said luminescent layer to receive and to transmit said exciting light, and wherein, said dichroic layer reflects said luminescent layer visible light emitted.This display screen also comprises the Fresnel lens layer, is configured to the said exciting light said dichroic layer that leads.Said dichroic layer is between said Fresnel lens layer and said luminescent layer.

In another example, a kind of display screen comprises: luminescent layer, and it comprises luminous zone parallel and that separate, the exciting light of each luminous zone absorption excitation wavelength is different from the visible light of the visible wavelength of excitation wavelength with emission; And inserting the parallel interband parting between the said luminous zone, each interband parting is between two adjacent luminous zones.Each interband parting is an optical reflection.

In another example; A kind of method that is used to make display screen; Comprise: the exciting light that will absorb excitation wavelength is applied in the parallel slot of mould with the luminescent material that emission wavelength is different from the visible light of excitation wavelength, so that two adjacent slots are applied in two kinds of different luminescent materials launching two kinds of different wave lengths; Said luminescent material is being applied in the process in the mould, is controlling the amount of every kind of luminescent material in each respective grooves, with partially filled each groove; The top that fluent material is applied to corresponding luminescent material in each groove is to be full of this groove; Fluent material is changed be attached to into the transparent solid material of each luminescent material in each groove; Screen layer is placed on the mould to contact with transparent solid material and to combine; Mention said screen layer will from said mould, proposing, thereby form luminescent layer with parallel luminous zone by band and every kind of luminescent material that transparent solid material forms; And the screen layer that one or more is additional is applied on the said luminescent layer to form display screen.

In another example, a kind of method that is used to make display screen comprises: the opaque interband parting of optics material is applied in the parallel slot of mould, and said parallel slot limits the parallel band spacer array of display screen; The hyaline layer of UV curing transparent material is applied to the upper surface of interband parting material in exposed surface and the parallel slot of the mould between the parallel slot; With the UV photoconduction to UV curing transparent material so that its curing, so that combine with said interband parting material; Apply UV cutting adhesive phase to be bonded to the hyaline layer that has solidified; Bearing bed is attached to said UV cutting adhesive phase; The interband parting array that said bearing bed, UV cutting adhesive phase and the hyaline layer that solidified are mentioned will be attached to the hyaline layer that has solidified shifts out from the parallel slot of mould; With luminescent material at the groove of filling on the hyaline layer that has solidified between the said interband parting; The exciting light that said luminescent material absorbs excitation wavelength is different from the visible light of excitation wavelength with emission wavelength, so that two adjacent slots that separated by the interband parting are applied in two kinds of different luminescent materials of two kinds of different wave lengths of emission; In applying the process of said luminescent material, control the amount of every kind of luminescent material in each respective grooves, with partially filled each groove and form the parallel luminous zone spatially be inserted with said interband parting and separate by said interband parting; Place one or more screen layer to contact and to be incorporated into the top of interband parting; The UV photoconduction is separated with the hyaline layer that has solidified UV is cut adhesive phase and bearing bed to UV cutting adhesive phase together; Remove the hyaline layer that has solidified from interband parting and luminous zone; And form the hyaline layer that has solidified that light receiving layer is removed with replacement, so that receive exciting light and exciting light imported luminous zone.

In another instance, a kind of method that is used to make display screen comprises: on the flat surfaces of the lens array layer of two-dimensional lens array, form metal level; Said lens arra is melted laser beam scanning pass through each lens focus to metal level will melt laser beam; Thereby the metal of the position of melting laser beam that removes focusing forms two-dimentional pinhole array thus to form pin hole in said metal level; Luminescent layer is bonded to metal level with two-dimentional pinhole array.Said luminescent layer comprises a plurality of parallel and luminous zones of separating; The exciting light of each luminous zone absorption excitation wavelength is different from the visible light of the visible wavelength of excitation wavelength with emission; Wherein, each lens has size less than the width of each luminous zone so that a plurality of lens are arranged in the width of each luminous zone.This method comprises that also said luminescent layer and said lens array layer are bonded to support base forms display screen.

These will carry out detailed explanation with other instances and embodiment in accompanying drawing, detailed instructions and claim.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 shows an instance of scan laser display system, and this system has the fluorescent screen of being processed by the laser fluorescent material (for example, phosphorescence) that can encourage of emission colorama under the excitation of the scan laser light beam that carries image information to be shown.

Fig. 2 A and 2B show among a kind of exemplary screen construction and Fig. 1 the structure of colored pixels on the screen.

Fig. 3 A shows a kind of exemplary embodiment of laser module among Fig. 1, and it has a plurality of laser instruments of guiding a plurality of laser beams to screen.

Fig. 3 B and 3C show two instances of back object lens scanning beam display systems.

Fig. 4 shows a kind of exemplary screen with fluorescence belt, and said fluorescence belt has and is used under the optical excitation of scanning and excitation light red, the green and blue fluorescent belt of emission.

Fig. 5 shows an instance of the multilayer screen of the parallel luminous zone with the lens array layer of being coupled to.

Fig. 6 A, 6B and 6C show other details based on the lens arra assembly that designs among Fig. 5.

Fig. 7 A, 7B and 7C show be used for shop drawings 5 lens arra assemblies pin hole so that an instance of the self-aligning laser ablation manufacturing process of each pin hole and respective lens.

Fig. 8 shows another instance of the multilayer screen with the parallel luminous zone that is coupled to the lens arra assembly.

Fig. 9 and 10 shows two screens that the combination of using Fresnel lens layer and dichroic layer to replace respectively the lens arra assembly in the screen in Fig. 5 and 8.

Figure 11 A, 11B, 11C and 11D show an instance of the molding process that forms the luminescent layer with parallel luminous zone.

Figure 12 A and 12B show through using the lens arra assembly shown in Fig. 5 to mention luminescent layer.

Figure 13 A to 13D shows the additional step of the process that is used for shop drawings 5 screens.

Figure 14 A, 14B and 14C show to use and mention layer molded luminescent layer is shifted out mould and is bonded to other screen layer, for example the lens arra assembly.

Figure 15 A to 15J shows the molding process that is different from process among Figure 11 A to Figure 11 C.

Figure 16 and 17 shows two screen constructions based on process among Figure 15 A to 15J.

Figure 18 shows another the exemplary screen construction with Fresnel lens layer.

Specify

The application has described the embodiment of scanning beam display systems, and this system comprises laser video display system and laser HDTV equipment, and its use has luminescent material, and the screen of phosphorescence and fluorescent material for example is with the luminous image that produces under optical excitation.Various instances to screen design with luminous or fluorescent material are illustrated.Screen with the phosphor material under the excitation of one or more scanning and excitation laser beam has carried out being used as in detailed description and various in this application system and the device instance optical excitation fluorescent material of specific embodiment.

In one embodiment; For example; Can encourage the phosphorescence that produces the redness that is suitable for forming coloured image, green and blue three kinds of different colours respectively through laser beam optics, can be formed on the screen as pixel or the parallel redness, green and the blue phosphorescent band that repeat.The various instances of describing among the application use the screen with the parallel color phosphor strips that is used to launch redness, green and blue light, so that the various characteristics based on the display of laser to be shown.

Phosphor material is a kind of luminescent material.Use phosphorescence to can be applicable to have display by the screen that other optics can encourage, luminous, non-phosphorescence fluorescent material is processed as system, equipment and the characteristic of the various descriptions in the instance of fluorescent material.For example, quanta point material is luminous under suitable excitation, thereby can be used as system and the fluorescent material of equipment among the application.More specifically, semiconducting compound, for example CdSe and PbS etc. can be fabricated to diameter and be the form of particulate of the exciton Bohr radius magnitude of compound, come luminous as quanta point material.In order to produce the light of different colours, the different quanta point materials with different nanotube bandgap structure are used in emission different colours under the identical exciting light.Some quantum dot sizes and comprise about dozens of atom between 2 to 10 nanometers, for example, and 10 to 50 atoms.Quantum dot can spread and be blended in the various materials to form liquid solution, powder, gluey matrix material and solid (for example, solid solution).Quantum dot film or film band can be formed in the substrate as the screen that is used for the application system or equipment.In one embodiment, for example, three kinds of different quanta point materials can be designed and be configured to receive the optical excitation as the scan laser light beam of optical pumping, are suitable for forming redness, green and the blue light of coloured image with generation.These quantum dots can be formed on the screen as the pixel of arranging by parallel lines (for example, the red pixel dotted line of the order of repetition, green pixel dotted line and blue pixel dotted line).

At least one scan laser light beam of instance use of scanning beam display systems described herein excites the colorful light-emitting material that is deposited on the screen to produce coloured image.This scan laser light beam is modulated to the image that carries redness, green and blue or other perceived color, and is controlled by this way: laser beam is used redness, green and blue excitated red, the green and blue colorful light-emitting material of image respectively.Therefore, the scan laser light beam carries image, but does not directly produce the appreciable visible light of observer.On the contrary, the visible light of the energy of the absorption of the colorful light-emitting fluorescent material on screen scan laser light beam and emission redness, green and blue perhaps other colors is to produce the appreciable actual coloured image of observer.

Using energy enough to make the laser pumping of fluorescent material of one or more laser beam of the luminous or illumination of fluorescent material, is in the various forms of optical excitations.In other embodiments, optical excitation can enough encourage the non-laser light source of the fluorescent material that uses in the screen to produce through energy.The instance of non-laser pumping light source comprises various light emitting diodes (LED), lamp and other light sources, and it produces excitation and converts high-octane light into the wavelength of the fluorescent material of low-energy light in the visible-range or the light of band.The frequency or the spectral range of the actuated optical light beam of fluorescent material can be the frequencies that frequency is higher than the fluorescent material visible light emitted on the excitation screen.Like this, the actuated optical light beam can be purple light spectral limit and ultraviolet (UV) spectral range, and for example, wavelength is below 420nm.In the instance that is described below, UV light or UV laser beam are used an instance of the exciting light that acts on phosphor material or other fluorescent materials, and can be the light of other wavelength.

Fig. 1 shows the instance of display system based on laser that uses the screen with color phosphor strips.Alternatively, the color phosphor beam spot also can be used for limiting the image pixel on the screen.This system comprises the laser module 110 that produces and throw at least one scan laser light beam 120 to screen 101.Screen 101 has parallel color phosphor strips in vertical direction, and two adjacent phosphoresence bands are processed by the different phosphate luminescent material of emission different colours light.In the instance that illustrates, red phosphorescent absorbs laser and launches red light, and green phosphorescent absorbs laser and comes transmitting green light, and blue phosphorescent absorption laser is launched blue light.Three adjacent color phosphor strips are three kinds of various colors.A concrete spatial color of phosphoresence band is illustrated in figure 1 as redness, green and blue in proper order.Also can use other color sequences.The wavelength of laser beam 120 is in the optical absorption bandwidth of colored phosphorescence, and its wavelength is shorter than the visible blueness and green with red wavelength that is used for coloured image usually.As an instance, colored phosphorescence can be that the UV light of absorption spectrum ranges from about 380nm to about 420nm is to produce the phosphorescence of redness, green and the blue light expected.Laser module 110 can comprise: one or more laser instrument, and for example, the UV diode laser is to produce light beam 120; Beam flying mechanism, it is used on screen 101 each level and vertical scanning light beam 120 presenting a frames images, and signal modulates mechanism, is used for modulated beam of light 120 to carry the information that is used for redness, green and blue image passage.These display systems can be configured to back-projection system, and wherein, observer and laser module 110 are positioned at the opposition side of screen 101.Alternatively, these display systems can be configured to orthographic projection system, and wherein, observer and laser module 110 are positioned at the same side of screen 101.

Fig. 2 A shows a kind of exemplary design of the screen 101 among Fig. 1.Screen 101 can comprise back substrate 201, its to scan laser light beam 120 transparent and towards laser module 110 to receive scan laser light beam 120.Substrate 202 before second, with respect to back substrate 201 fixing and in the back projection structure towards the observer.Color phosphor strips layer 203 is placed between substrate 201 and 202, and comprises phosphoresence band.Be used to launch redness, green and blue color phosphor strips and be expressed as " R ", " G " and " B " respectively.Redness, green and the blueness of 202 pairs of phosphoresence bands emissions of preceding substrate are transparent.Substrate 201 and 202 can be processed by various materials, comprises glass or plastic front board.Each colored pixels comprises the part of three adjacent color phosphor strips on the horizontal direction, and its vertical dimension is limited the beam spread of laser beam on the vertical direction 120.Like this, each colored pixels comprises three subpixels of three kinds of different colours (for example, red, green and blue).Laser module 110 makes horizontal line of the each scanning of laser beam 120, for example, from left to right and from top to bottom, to be full of screen 101.Laser module 110 is with respect to screen 101 fix in position, so that the scanning of control bundle 120 in a predetermined manner, to guarantee the proper alignment between each location of pixels on laser beam 120 and the screen 101.

In Fig. 2 A, the green phosphorescent band in pixel of scan laser light beam 120 guiding is used for the green light of this pixel with generation.Fig. 2 B further shows along the operation of the screen 101 of the B-B direction observation on normal to screen 101 surfaces.Because each color ribbon is longitudinally in shape, so the cross section of light beam 120 can be the shape of extending along the direction of band, with the fill factor of maximization light beam in being used for each color ribbon of a pixel.This can realize through in laser module 110, using the beam-shaping optical element.The lasing light emitter that is used to produce the scan laser light beam of the phosphor material on the excitation screen can be monotype laser instrument or multi-mode laser device.Laser instrument can be monotype along the direction perpendicular to the phosphoresence band bearing of trend also, and the penlight that limits with the width that has each phosphoresence band extends.Along the bearing of trend of phosphoresence band, this laser beam can have a plurality of patterns on the zone greater than the beam spread of phosphoresence band horizontal direction, to expand.Has monotype to have the penlight footprint on the screen and to be multi-mode with the use of the laser beam that on screen, has big footprint in a direction in vertical direction; Allow light beam to form the color sub-pixel that is suitable for extending on the screen, and in light beam, provide enough laser power to guarantee enough screen intensitys through multi-mode.

With reference now to Fig. 3 A,, it shows the embodiment of an instance of laser module 110 among Fig. 1.Laser array 310 with a plurality of laser instruments is used to produce a plurality of laser beams 312 to scan the screen intensity that screen 101 is enhanced simultaneously.Provide signal modulation controller 320 with the laser instrument in control and the modulated laser array 310, be carried at image to be shown on the screen 101 so that laser beam 312 is modulated to.Signal modulation controller 320 can comprise: Digital Image Processor, and its generation is used for the data image signal of three different color channels; And drive circuit for laser, the laser instrument control signal of data image signal is carried in its generation.Then, apply the laser instrument control signal, for example, be used for the electric current of laser diode with the laser instrument in the modulated laser array 310.

Beam flying can be used for the scanning mirror 340 of vertical scanning through use, and for example galvo mirror and the polygon scanner 350 that is used for the multiaspect of horizontal scanning are realized.Scanning lens 360 can be used for throwing scanning light beam to the screen 101 from polygon scanner 350.Scanning lens 360 is designed to each laser instrument in the laser array 310 is formed images to screen 101.In the different reflectings surface of polygon scanner 350 each is scan N bar horizontal line simultaneously, and wherein, N is the number of laser instrument.In the instance that illustrates, the laser beam galvo mirror 340 that at first leads is then from galvo mirror 340 guiding polygon scanners 350.Then, the scanning light beam 120 of output is projected on the screen 101.Relay optical module 330 is placed in the light path of laser beam 312, with the spatial property of revising laser beam 312 with produce the light beam 332 that is used for the galvo mirror 340 and the compact light beam of polygon scanner 350 scannings as being projected to the scanning light beam 120 of screen 101 with excitation phosphorescence and the colorama generation image through phosphorescent emissions.

Laser beam 120 space on screen 101 is scanned with the pixel at different moment bump different colours.Like this, each in the modulated beam of light 120 be carried at different constantly be used for each pixel with in different redness, green and the blue picture signals that are used for different pixels constantly.Therefore, light beam 120 has the image information that is used for different pixels in difference constantly through signal modulation controller 320 and coding.Like this, beam flying is mapped to the space pixel on the screen 101 with the picture signal of time domain coding in the light beam 120.For example, three order time slots of modulated laser beam 120 three color sub-pixels that can make each colored pixels time evenly be divided into to be used for three different color channels.The modulation of light beam 120 can use pulse modulation technique with suitable color combination and desired images brightness in the gray scale that produces each color desired, each pixel.

In one embodiment, different and adjacent upright position on a plurality of light beam 120 guiding screens 101, wherein two adjacent beams are separated from each other by screen 101 horizontal line vertically on screen 101.For the given position of galvo mirror 340 and the given position of polygon scanner 350, light beam 120 is vertically misalignment each other on screen 101, and can be positioned at the diverse location on the screen 101 by along continuous straight runs.Light beam 120 is the part of cover screen 101 only.In the fixed angle position of galvo mirror 340, the rotation of polygon scanner 350 causes a screen section from N adjacent level line on the light beam 120 scanning screens 101 of the laser instrument of the N in the laser array 310.The end of each horizontal scanning on a screen section, galvo mirror 340 is adjusted to the different fixed angle position, so that the upright position of all N light beam 120 is adjusted to N horizontal line of the next adjacent screen section of scanning.Repeating this process is scanned to produce full screen display up to whole screen 101.

In the instance of the scanning beam display systems shown in above-mentioned Fig. 3 A, scanning lens 360 is positioned at the downstream of beam scanning apparatus 340 and 350, and one or more scanning and excitation light beam 120 is focused to screen 101.This optical texture is called " preceding object lens " scanning system.Before this, in the objective lens design, import the scanning direction of the scanning light beam of scanning lens 360 along two quadratures.Therefore, scanning lens 360 is designed to along the direction of two quadratures scanning light beam focused to screen 101.For the direction at two quadratures realizes suitable focusing, scanning lens 360 can be compound, and is made up of a plurality of lens elements usually.In one embodiment; For example; Scanning lens 360 can be two-dimentional f-theta lens, and it is designed to: when input beam winds perpendicular to each scanning in two orthogonal axes of scan lens optical axis, between focal position on the screen and input scan angle (theta), have linear relationship.In this f-theta lens, the focal position on the screen and input scan angle (theta) are proportional.

Before two-dimensional scan lens 360 in the objective lens arrangement, f-theta lens for example, can demonstrate along causing the track of light-beam position on the screen 101 is the optical distortion of two orthogonal scanning directions of curve.Therefore, the straight horizontal scanning line of expection becomes curve on the screen 101.The distortion that two-dimensional scan lens 360 cause is visible on screen 101, thereby has reduced the images displayed quality.A method that alleviates arc problem of dtmf distortion DTMF is with a plurality of lens elements scanning lens 360 to be designed to the compound lens structure to reduce arc distortion.Compound a plurality of lens elements can make final lens subassembly not meet the f-theta condition of expectation, thereby can compromise the optical scanning performance.Lens element number in this assembly reduces and increases along with the distortion tolerance usually.Yet this scanning lens with compound a plurality of lens elements is made expensive.

The relevant problem of dtmf distortion DTMF of two-dimensional scan lens in the above-mentioned and preceding object lens scanned beam systems; Back object lens scanning beam display systems is described below, and it can be realized through replacing two-dimensional scan lens 360 with better simply, cheap one-dimensional scanning lens.Title is " back object lens scanned beam systems " and the U.S. Patent application No.11/742 that is filed in orders April 30 in 2007 (U.S. Patent Publication No.____); 014 has described the instance of the back object lens scanned beam systems that the phosphorescence screen that is suitable in the application, describing uses, and by reference it is incorporated as the part of present specification.The screen design of describing among the application can be used for back object lens and preceding object lens scanning beam display systems.

Fig. 3 B shows an exemplary embodiment based on the back object lens scanning beam display systems of system design among Fig. 1.Laser array 310 with a plurality of laser instruments is used to produce a plurality of laser beams 312 to scan the display brightness that screen 101 is enhanced simultaneously.Provide signal modulation controller 320 control with modulated laser array 310 in laser instrument be carried at image to be shown on the screen 101 so that laser beam 312 is modulated to.Beam flying is based on two scanner design with horizontal scanner (for example polygon scanner 350) and orthoscanner (for example galva meter scanner 340).Each of the different reflectings surface of polygon scanner 350 is a scan N horizontal line simultaneously, and wherein, N is the number of laser instrument.Relay optical module 330 reduces the interval of laser beam 312 to form compact laser beam 332, and it is expanded in the face size of the polygon scanner that is used for horizontal scanning 350.The downstream of polygon scanner 350; Connect orthoscanner 340 (for example, the galvo mirror) after one dimension horizontal scanning lens 380 are arranged, it receives from polygon scanner 350 each horizontal scanning light beam 332 through one-dimensional scanning lens 380; And; Before next horizontal scanning that the following one side of polygon scanner 350 realizes,, the vertical scanning of each horizontal scanning light beam 332 is provided at the end of each horizontal scanning.Orthoscanner 340 is with two-dimensional scan light beam 390 guiding screens 101.

Under this optical design of level and vertical scanning; One-dimensional scanning lens 380 are placed on the upper reaches of downstream and orthoscanner 340 of polygon scanner 140 so that each horizontal scanning light beam is focused on the screen 101; And; Minimize the arc distortion of level of image to be displayed on the screen 101 within the acceptable range, thereby on screen 101, produce the horizontal scanning line of " straight " visually.Can produce these one-dimensional scanning lens 380 of straight horizontal scanning line, compare the two-dimensional scan lens of similar performance, simple relatively and cheap.In the downstream of scanning lens 380, orthoscanner 340 is a plane reflector, and with light beam simple reflex to screen 101 and in order to scan different horizontal line vertical scanning so that each horizontal scanning light beam is placed on upright positions different on the screen 101.The reflector size of along continuous straight runs is enough big on the orthoscanner 340, to cover the space extension from each scanning light beam of polygon scanner 350 and scanning lens 380.System is the back objective lens design among Fig. 3 B, because one-dimensional scanning lens 380 are at the upper reaches of orthoscanner 340.In this instantiation, the downstream of orthoscanner 340 do not have lens or other concentrating elements.

Significantly, in the back objective system of Fig. 3 B, for a concrete light beam, the distance of position changes along with the vertical scanning position of orthoscanner 340 from scanning lens to the screen 101.Therefore; When one-dimensional scanning lens 380 were designed to have fixed focal length along the straight horizontal line through the center of the one-dimensional scanning lens that extend, each beams focusing character must change to keep stable light beam along with the vertical scanning position of orthoscanner 380 and focuses to screen 101.Like this, dynamic focusing mechanism can be embodied as the convergence of adjustment based on the light beam of the vertical scanning position process one-dimensional scanning lens 380 of orthoscanner 340.

For example, one or more laser beam can use fixed lens and dynamic refocused lens as dynamic focusing mechanism from the light path of laser instrument to polygon scanner 350.Each light beam is through the dynamic focusing lens focus of fixed lens upstream position.When the focus of these lens overlaps, from the output light of these lens by collimation.Depend on the direction and the amount that depart between these lens focuss, output light can be dispersed or assembled from collimation lens to polygon scanner 350.Therefore, when these two lens of adjustment during along the relative position of their optical axises, the focusing of scanning light beam on screen 101 can be adjusted.Can use the refocused lens actuator to adjust the relative position between these lens in response to control signal.In this instantiation, use the refocused lens actuator, be synchronized with the vertical scanning of orthoscanner 340, import the convergence of the light beam of one-dimensional scanning lens 380 from polygon scanner 350 along light path with adjustment.Orthoscanner 340 among Fig. 3 B with than the sweep speed of first horizontal scanner 350 little the rate scanning of Duoing, like this, the focus variations that orthoscanner causes on screen 101 changes with slower vertical bandwidth in time.Focusing adjusting mechanism to be performed has the more response speed of limit in the system of this permission Fig. 1 on the slower vertical bandwidth rather than on higher horizontal scan rate.

The polygon scanner 350 that the above-mentioned instance of back object lens scanned beam systems is used for horizontal scanning among Fig. 3 B is used for second optical beam scanners vertical scanning, scanning lens 380 downstream as first optical beam scanner that is placed on scanning lens 380 upper reaches and orthoscanner 340 (for example galvo mirror) conduct.In other embodiments, first optical beam scanner that is positioned at scanning lens 380 upper reaches is the orthoscanner that is used for vertical scanning, galvo mirror for example, and second scanner in scanning lens 380 downstream is the polygon scanners that are used for horizontal scanning.This structure can be designed to use little galvo reverberator, thereby avoids along the big downstream galvo reverberator of the size of the polygonal horizontal scan direction in the upper reaches of back objective system needs among Fig. 3 B.Big galvo reverberator can require bigger power to operate than little galvo reverberator, and its dynamic range can be restricted because comparing the big volume of little galvo reverberator.In this system, the distortion pattern rotates with respect to another and is more excellent for the RGB perpendicular line, because the strong distortion of vertical direction makes the invocation point rotation, it means wideer point.

Fig. 3 C shows an instance based on the laser scanning display system of a plurality of laser instruments in the laser array 310 of back objective lens arrangement, wherein, and the reversed in order of two scanner equipments among Fig. 3 B.This scanning beam display systems comprises: laser instrument, and it forms laser array 310 to produce a plurality of laser beams respectively; The beam flying module, two scanner 340A and 350A that it has the both sides of the scanning lens 380A that is placed in the laser beam light path are scanned up to screen 101 with the direction at two quadratures with laser beam; And burnt optical relay module 330 far away, it is placed between laser instrument 310 and the scan module, and comprises lens 330A, 330B and 330C, with reduce two between the adjacent laser beam the interval and at the overlapping laser beam of scan module.In the embodiment that in Fig. 3 C, designs; Scanning lens 380 can be designed to the reflecting surface of orthoscanner 340A is formed images to the reflecting surface of polygon 350A, so that can use compact polygonal relatively little polygon facet to reduce power consumption and polygonal dynamic range.It is little optical depth that mirror 337 and 338 is placed in the light path between polygon scanner 350A and the screen 101 with folded optical path.

In one embodiment, burnt optical relay module 330 far away can comprise having first focal length to receive and to focus on first lens from the laser beam of laser instrument, have second focal length that is shorter than first focal length and separate first focal length to focus on from second lens of the laser beam of first lens and to have the 3rd focal length of being longer than second focal length and separate the 3rd focal length with focusing with guide the 3rd lens from laser beam to the scan module of second lens with second lens with first lens.The case description that is used for burnt optical relay module 330 far away in title for " being used to use the optical design of the scanning beam display systems of fluorescent screen " and submit to (PCT publication number WO2007/050662) in the PCT on October 25th, 2006 application No.CT/US2006/041584 and title for " being used to use the optical design of the scanning beam display systems of fluorescent screen " and be filed in the U.S. Patent application No.11/510 on August 24th, 2006 (US publication US2007-0206258A1); 495, by reference the two is incorporated into the part as present specification.

In Fig. 3 C, the control laser beam is with overlapping in single plane (that is pupil plane).The scanner of the single shaft scanning at the scanning lens 380A upper reaches, for example the galvo mirror is arranged in pupil plane and is used for all light beam of axle scanning in edge, and it is a vertical direction in this example.Scanning lens 380A can be multi-functional scanning lens, and it is designed to have enough big visual angle to accept the scanning light beam from the full angle scope of upper reaches orthoscanner 150 (for example, galvo mirror).Scanning lens 380A is a convergent lens, and it focuses on the screen 101 light beam.Scanning lens 380A also is used for the galvo mirror 340A imaging polygon reflecting surface to the polygon scanner 350A of downstream.This imaging function allows polygon 350A less relatively.Under the situation that does not have imaging, polygon 350A is with relatively large, because scanning light beam is along with the distance with galvo mirror 340A increases and natural expansion.Scanning lens 380A can be single element lens or can comprise a plurality of lens elements to realize its function among Fig. 3 C, for example, and in the sweep limit inner focusing of galvo mirror 340A and heavily imaging.

In the downstream of scanning lens 380A, the convergent beam of polygon scanner 350A self-scanning in the future lens 380A is scanned up to screen 101.The focus of convergent beam is usually located on the curved surface.Use focus servo with plane with the dynamic refocused of light beam to screen 101.In this example, focus servo comprises at least two lens elements 334 and 335, and air-gap shown in it passes through separately.One (for example, lens 334) in two lens has positive focal length, and another (for example, lens 335) have negative focal length.Provide actuator to control the relative spacing between two lens 334 and 335.When these lens that comprise focus servo separate preset distance (that is, position neutral or that demarcate), get into and appear at light beam in the focus servo by demarcating collimation.In the instance shown in Fig. 3 C, lens of focus servo are fixed and another moves axially, to allow the dynamic refocused of light beam.Removable lens (for example, lens 335) move approximately, and the distance of its calibration position enough makes light beam focus to screen 101.In the objective system of back, the two-dimensional scan light beam of output has optical distortion in the horizontal direction, for example " arc " distortion.Can in the light path between polygon scanner 350A and the screen 101, provide distortion correction optical module 336 to reduce optical distortion with a plurality of lens elements.

Be used for the band design of Fig. 2 B of the fluorescent screen 101 of Fig. 1,3A, 3B and 3C, can be embodied as various structures.Fig. 2 A shows an instance, and it is with fluorescence coating 203, and for example the color phosphor strips layer is placed between two substrates 201 and 202.In back-projection system, expectation screen 101 be coupled light as much as possible to fluorescence coating in incident scanning and excitation light beam 120, and maximizes from the radiative amount towards the fluorescence coating of observer's side.In screen 101, a plurality of screen mechanisms be can implement, either alone or in combination,, the maximization of the fluorescence of effective convergence of exciting light, the observer's side that leads, the enhancing of Display Contrast and the minimizing of screen flash of light comprised to strengthen screen performance.Can design and select the structure and material of screen 101, be used for concrete demands of applications with other to satisfy the cost restriction.

Fig. 4 shows the screen 101 of an exemplary, and it has the fluorescence belt that is used to have under the optical excitation of scanning and excitation light red, the green and blue fluorescent belt of emission.Show a lot of screen characteristics as an example, and can in concrete screen, optionally implement these characteristics.Therefore, the specific fluorescent screen that only has a characteristic shown in some Fig. 4 can enough be used for concrete demonstration and use.

Fluorescent screen 101 among Fig. 4 comprises at least one basalis 424, with the rigid structural support of the various screen elements that are provided for comprising fluorescence coating 400.This basalis 424 can be thin substrate or rigid sheet.When being placed on observer's side of fluorescence coating shown in Fig. 4 400, substrate 424 can be by the visible colorama material transparent or partially transparent of fluorescent belt 401,402 and 403 emissions is processed.The partially transparent material can have even weakening to the visible light that comprises three colors that fluorescent belt is launched, and operates as the optics neutral density filters.Basalis 424 can be processed by plastic material, glass material or other suitable dielectric materials.For example, basalis 424 can be processed by the acrylic acid rigid sheet.In some designs, the thickness of basalis 424 can be several millimeters.In addition, basalis 424 can be made as the opaque and reflection of exciting light to exciting light beam 120, arrives the observer and makes unabsorbed exciting light get back to fluorescence coating 400 to stop exciting light.

Basalis 424 also can be positioned at other sides of fluorescence coating 400.Because exciting light beam 120 must transmission pass through basalis 424 to get into fluorescence coating 400, the material that is used for basalis 424 should be transparent to the exciting light of exciting light beam.In addition, but also reflected fluorescent light layer 400 visible light emitted of the basalis 424 in this structure, with future autofluorescence layer any visible light emitted guiding observer side of 400 improve the brightness of images displayed.

Fluorescence coating 400 comprises the multicolour pattern with repetition, for example the parallel fluorescent belt of redness, green and blue phosphorescent band.Said fluorescent belt is perpendicular to the horizontal scan direction of the scanning and excitation light beam 120 shown in Fig. 1.Shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 2 B, each display pixel comprises three subpixels on the screen, and it is the part of adjacent redness, green and blue ribbon 401,402 and 402.The size of each sub-pixel along continuous straight runs limits through the width of each band, and size vertically limits through width of light beam vertically.Interband parting 404, it is that optical reflection is opaque, and optical absorption property is perhaps arranged, and can be formed between any two adjacent fluorescent belts to minimize or to reduce crosstalking between two adjacent subpixels.Therefore, between two adjacent subpixels in colored pixels and the hangover of the boundary between two adjacent color pixels be able to reduce, and the resolution of screen and contrast are improved.The sidewall of each interband parting 404 can be made as optical reflection and improve the brightness of each sub-pixel and the efficient of screen.In addition, but interband parting 404 for example, is coated with the blacking absorption layer towards the face blacking of observer's side, to reduce the reflection and the flash of light of observer's side.

The above-mentioned basic structure of basalis 424 and fluorescence coating 400 can be used as structural unit (building block) increases one or more screen elements, thereby strengthens the various character and the performance of screen.Fluorescence coating 400 is optical activity layers, and wherein the exciting light of excitation wavelength is absorbed and converts into by fluorescent material and is used for the visible fluorescence of display image to observer's different colours.In this regard, fluorescence coating 400 also is " excitation side " and the boundary between " observer's side " of screen, and wherein, the optical property of both sides designs to such an extent that realize the optical effect of expectation in different each with in both sides, thereby strengthens screen performance.The instance of these optical effects comprises: strengthen exciting light beam 120 and be coupled to fluorescence coating; Reclaim not by the reflection of fluorescence coating 400 absorptions and exciting light to the fluorescence coating 400 of scattering; Maximize amount from the visible light emitted of fluorescence coating 400 to screen viewing person side; Reduce the screen flash of light that reflection of ambient light causes, stop that exciting light appears on observer's screen to the observer, and the contrast that strengthens screen.Various screen elements can constitute one or more in these optical effects of realization.Several instances of these screen elements are shown in Fig. 4.

With reference to Fig. 4,, can provide incident layer 411 to come coupling excitation light beam 120 to screen 101 at the light incident side of screen towards exciting light beam 120.For example, the incident direction that can use the Fresnel lens layer to come gated sweep exciting light beam 120 as this incident layer 411.Again for example, in the width of each sub-pixel or fluorescent belt, have array of lens elements and with the lens array layer of the pinhole array of a plurality of lens coupling, can in this incident layer 411, implement.Again for example, also can use layers of prisms or high refractive index medium layer a part,, comprise exciting light and fluorescence coating visible light emitted to reclaim light to screen as incident layer 411.In order to be improved to observer's screen intensity; First dielectric layer 412 (D1) (for example can be placed on fluorescence coating 400 upper reaches; The excitation side of fluorescence coating 400) in the path of exciting light beam 120, with the light and reflected fluorescent light layer 400 visible light emitted of transmission exciting light beam 120 wavelength.First dielectric layer 412 can reduce the optical loss of fluorescence, thereby strengthens screen intensity.In observer's side of fluorescence coating 400, can provide second dielectric layer 421 (D2) to transmit the light of fluorescence coating 400 visible light emitted and reflection exciting light beam 120 wavelength.Therefore, second dielectric layer, the 412 recyclable exciting lights that pass through fluorescence coating 400 are to fluorescence coating, thus the utilization ratio and the screen intensity of enhancing exciting light.

In observer's side of fluorescence coating 400, can comprise that contrast enhancing layer 422 is to improve Display Contrast.Contrast enhancing layer 422 can comprise color-selection absorption band, its along the director space of normal to screen layer corresponding to and in alignment with the fluorescent belt in the fluorescence coating 400.Thereby color-selection absorption band transmits the light of fluorescent belt corresponding color and the light of the color that absorbs other fluorescent belts respectively.Alternatively, contrast enhancing layer 422 can be an optics neutral density filters layer, and it evenly weakens visible light to reduce the screen flash of light that causes owing to reflection of ambient light.This neutral density filter function also can be realized in one or more other layer of observer's side of fluorescence coating 400, comprise basalis 424.

In addition, screen can be included in fluorescence coating 400 the screen gain layer 423 of observer's side with the optics visual angle with screen that highlights.Gain layer 423 can comprise the lens jacket with lens element, have diffraction element the diffraction optics layer, have the hologram layer of holographic element or the combination of these and other structure.Layer 423,422 and 421 can be different from shown in Fig. 4 at the space sequence of observer's side of fluorescence coating 400.

In addition, the observer's side that encourages restraining barrier 425 can be placed on fluorescence coating 400 appears on the screen of observer's side to stop any exciting light.This layer can be realized through the material of transmission visible light and absorption exciting light.For example, can be used as this layer based on the color filter of polyester can be from the exciting light of 400-415nm radiation to stop.In some embodiments, this barrier filters can have below the 410nm less than 0.01% transmitance and more than 430nm, can have the transmitance greater than 50%.The neutral density filter function also can be incorporated in this layer, for example, 430nm is had uniform weakening to the visible light between the 670nm.This barrier functionality can be incorporated in the basalis 424.

In Fig. 4, stop that exciting light (for example, UV) and dielectric layer D2 (421) and observer's side that optics neutral density (ND) wave filter 422 can be formed on luminescent layer of transmission visible light.Because support base 424 is positioned at observer's side, so support base 424 can be by the visible colorama material transparent or partially transparent of luminescent layer emission is processed.The partially transparent material that the visible light that comprises three kinds of colors that luminous zone is launched is evenly weakened can be used on support base 424 to operate as optics neutral density (ND) wave filter.In addition, support base 424 can be made as reflection and opaque to the exciting light of exciting light beam 120, arrives the observer and reclaims unabsorbed exciting light to luminescent layer to stop exciting light.

Fig. 5 shows an instance of the multilayer screen of the parallel luminous zone with lens array layer of being coupled to 510.Support base 424 is provided at observer's side of screen to support various screen layers and can be processed by plastics and other materials.Luminescent layer is bonded to substrate 424 through transparent binding layer 540, and comprises luminous zone parallel and that separate, for example, is with 401,402 and 403 among Fig. 4.Each band absorbs exciting light 120 is different from the visible wavelength of excitation wavelength with emission visible light.In this example, each luminous zone comprises the luminescent material band 401,402 or 403 of absorption exciting light with visible emitting, and transparent material strip 501, for example, and the transparent filling material between luminescent material band and pinhole array layer 502.The parallel band sept inserts luminous zone through each interband parting between two adjacent luminous zones.Each interband parting is optical reflection and opaque with two adjacent luminous zones of isolation, with enhance color purity and picture contrast.In this example, each interband parting comprises the opaque core 531 of optics, for example black optical absorbing material, and the optical reflecting layer 532 that is formed at the opaque core of optics 531 both sides, and optical reflecting layer 532 connects two adjacent luminous zones respectively.

Lens array layer 510 is formed on the transparent lens array supporting layer 512 forming the two-dimensional array of lens 511, and the excitation side that is positioned at luminescent layer with guiding exciting light 120 to luminescent layer.Each lens 511 has the size less than the width of each luminous zone, and in the width of each luminous zone a plurality of lens is arranged, and for example, 4 lens 511 is arranged in each luminous zone.

Screen among Fig. 5 comprises the pinhole array layer 520 with the lens array layer combination.Pinhole array layer 520 is formed between lens array layer 510 and the luminescent layer; Reflection opaque layer 522 with the pattern distribution that comprises the two-dimensional array that covers lens array layer 510 and have the pin hole of aiming at lens 511 respectively 521; Thereby; The exciting light 120 that focuses to the corresponding pin hole 521 that is used for lens 511 through each lens 511 can arrive luminescent layers through reflection opaque layer 522, and being reflected property of the exciting light opaque layer 522 of missing other directions of pin hole 521 stops and reflects.Each band can cover a plurality of lens 511, and for example, diameter range is the lenticule of about tens of microns (for example, 20 microns), and converts the small-sized exciting light beam of a plurality of convergences into through exciting light 120 scioptics 511 that each band or sub-pixel receive.The focusing of each lens 511 guides most of luminous power through corresponding pin hole 521, to increase exciting light 120 amounts of passing through to luminescent layer.Lens array layer 510 can be designed to have 100% or near 100% fill factor, to produce high-level efficiency during through reflection opaque layer 522 in optically-coupled.This design is guaranteed: exciting light 120 transmission that lens array layer 510 receives arrive luminescent layer through pinhole array layer 520.In this regard, this combination of lens array layer 510 and pinhole array layer 520 provides the function of incident layer 411 among Fig. 4.

In addition; Pinhole array layer 520 uses the dog catch of reflection opaque layer 522 conducts to the light of the pin hole array layer 520 that leads from luminescent layer; Because, between luminescent layer and pinhole array layer 520, not having under the situation of lens, the light of directive pinhole array layer 520 spreads on all directions.Particularly, the luminescent layer visible light emitted is all directions.Transparent filling material band 501 be placed on luminescent material 401,402 or 403 and pinhole array layer 520 between; Be used for the transmission space of luminescent material visible light emitted with generation, arrive fully diffusion before any pin hole 511 to allow visible light emitted directive pinhole array layer 520.For example, transparent filling material band 501 can have tens of microns thickness in visible light emitted, to produce fully diffusion.The minimum thickness of oolemma 501 can be made as the half the of each lens 511 focal length.As a result, only sub-fraction light can be through the pin hole 521 in the pinhole array layer 520, and most visible light and the unabsorbed exciting light opaque layer 522 reflected back luminescent layers that are reflected.This reflected light is by " recovery " brightness and optical efficiency to improve screen.In this regard, but also the same operation of dichroic layer D1 (411) in the image pattern 4 of this combination of lens array layer 510 and pinhole array layer 520.

The combination of lens array layer 510 and pinhole array layer 520 is assemblies of lens arra shown in Fig. 5 500.Bonding coat 530 can be placed between luminescent layer and the pinhole array layer 520 so that lens arra assembly 500 is bonded to luminescent layer.Bonding coat 530 can be, for example transparent adhesive layer.

Fig. 6 A, 6B and 6C show other details of lens arra assembly 500.Fig. 6 A shows along the vertical view of the direction from excitation side to observer's side.In this instantiation, each lens 511 has hexagonal shape, and docks the fill factor to have 100% with six adjacent lens, 511 no any edge-to-edges with gap.Also can use the other lenses shape.Fig. 6 B shows the skeleton view of lens arra assembly 500.Fig. 6 C shows the sectional view of the lens 511 of the edge direction identical with sectional view shown in Fig. 5.

Fig. 7 A, 7B and 7C show an instance of laser ablation manufacture process, and the pin hole 521 that is used for making lens arra assembly 500 is to aim at each pin hole 521 with corresponding lens 511 automatically.Lens array layer 510 has the side for flat surfaces.Black absorption layer 710 can be formed on this flat surfaces and absorb exciting light.This absorption can make things convenient for laser ablation.The thickness of layer 710 can be for example about 100nm.On the top of black absorption layer 710, it is opaque that reflection opaque metal layer 522 forms optics with the thickness of expectation.Thickness is that the vapor deposition aluminium lamination of 400nm to 700nm can be used as layer 522.Fig. 7 B shows the laser ablation process.With with display system shown in Fig. 1,3A, 3B or the 3C in the identical mode of exciting light beam 120; Scanning is melted laser beam 720 and is directed and scans from lasing light emitter, so that melt laser beam 720 exciting light beam 120 is followed the trail of in each position on screen scanning pattern and guiding.Under this scan pattern; Because the incident direction that laser beam 720 changes with respect to vertical incidence is melted in scanning; Therefore with respect to the focus on the optical axis of each lens 511, melt the focus 722 of light beam 720 on metal level 522 from lens 511 change position to one of lenses 511.Therefore, the position that is used for the pin hole 521 of lens 511 is melted the direction of light beam 720 when the incident lens 511 through scanning and is confirmed respectively.Fig. 7 B shows that light beam 720 is melted in scanning and about along this relation between each the beam focus position of optical axis in 5 lens of the screen center of horizontal scan direction.Because the conversion of the beam focus position that the scanning of light beam 720 causes is along level and vertical direction.Fig. 7 C shows the pin hole 521 of generation.

Therefore, the array of the pin hole 521 in the pinhole array layer 520 not with lens array layer 510 in the position of array of lens 511 accurately mate.Lens 511 in the lens array layer 510 are lens in the array-to even isolated cyclic array between-lens.Pin hole 521 in the pinhole array layer 520 is not periodic, and in two directions has the hole of variation-to-span.Each pin hole 521 is only corresponding to lens 511, and with the center misalignment of respective lens 521 on the optical axis of lens 511, except being on the screen at vertical incidence direction place the position at scanning light beam.When screen was used for actual display system, this design of pinhole array layer 520 provided the automatic aligning between each pin hole and the scanning and excitation light beam 120.As a result, the optical loss of lens arra assembly 500 place's exciting lights reduces.

The metal at each 722 place, lens 511 focal positions is melted and is removed to form through hole as pin hole 521.This ablation procedure is assisted in absorption through laser in the 722 place's black absorption layers 710 of focal position, but also in black absorption layer 710, produces the hole of coupling.Pin hole 521 can be made greater than the size of surperficial 522 place's beam spots; To be provided for manufacturing tolerance and owing to (for example melt laser beam 720; 520nm) with exciting laser light beam 120 (for example, less than 420nm) between the tolerance limit of the light beam focus variations that causes of wavelength difference.

Significantly, above-mentioned and other screen design have been eliminated any meticulous optical alignment between the different screen layer in fact among the application.Lens array layer 510 is handled through above-mentioned autoregistration laser ablation with pinhole array layer 520 and is manufactured to a single component 500.This assembly 500 is bonded to luminescent layer to cover each other.Each lens 511 need not used any band or the next accurately aligning of any other characteristic in the luminescent layer with its corresponding pin hole 521.Therefore, these screen layers different with other can relatively easily be assembled into together to form final screen.

Fig. 8 shows another instance of the multilayer screen with the parallel luminous zone that is coupled to lens arra assembly 500.In this example, insert interband parting 801 between luminous zone by the optical reflection opaque material, for example, metal, the potpourri of reflective beads and bond material, and Chinese white (for example, the resin of filling TiO 2 is perhaps filled the resin of barium sulphate) is processed.Pearl can be processed with the completion optical reflection greater than the dielectric material of the refractive index of pearl bond material by refractive index, and can be various sizes, for example, and from the extremely tens of microns of several microns, perhaps hundreds of microns.Each pearl can partly or completely be coated with metallic coating.The reflectivity of Chinese white can be greater than 90% from 400nm to 650nm.In addition, blacking absorption belt 810 can be formed on reflection or the flash of light to reduce the sept place on the face of observer's side (that is, away from lens array layer 510) of each interband parting.

Fig. 9 and 10 shows the two kind screens of the combination of use Fresnel lens layer 910 and dichroic layer 920 with the lens arra assembly in the screen of replacing Fig. 5 and Fig. 8 respectively.The excitation side that Fresnel lens layer 910 is placed on screen covers the whole zone that receives exciting light beam 120 as the incident layer.Fresnel lens layer 910 for example can be formed on the medium substrate that can be processed by glass or plastic material.For example, acrylic plastics material can be used for forming Fresnel lens layer 910.Dielectric layer with refractive index different with Fresnel lens layer 910 can be formed between the remainder of Fresnel lens layer 910 and screen, to produce from the refractive index difference of following one deck (for example dichroic layer 920) of Fresnel lens layer 910 to screen.This layer can be that air-gap is perhaps to the transparent dielectric substance of exciting light.Fresnel lens layer 910 has the Fresnel ring and can constitute through optical diffraction, refraction or both and guides incident scanning and excitation light beam 120 for approximately being orthogonal to the incident exciting light beam of screen again.Fresnel lens layer 910 can be the core structure far away that is used for incident scanning and excitation light beam 120.

Dichroic layer 910 can be realized with various structures.For the large format display, this dichroic layer can be processed and relatively easily made by relatively inexpensive material.A plurality of dielectric layers can be designed to constitute through the control refractive index and the physical thickness value of layer the optical filter of various selection wavelength.For example, the height that replaces of multilayer and low-refraction dielectric layer can be designed to realize reflection of selection wavelength and the transmission spectrum expected.Many films with different refractivity can laminate or fuse together the compound foil that constitutes D1 or D2 dichroic layer.In some embodiments, the multilayer of two of different refractivity kinds of different materials formations can be used for forming compound membrane stack through place these two kinds of materials with the mode that replaces.In other embodiments, have that three kinds of different refractivity or multiple different materials can be stacked and the compound membrane stack that forms dichroic layer 920.This compound foil that is used for dichroic layer 920 comes down to transmit the optical interference reverberator of exciting light (for example, UV light) and reflected colours visible light.The material that is used for this compound foil can be the combination of organic material, inorganic material or organic and inorganic material, and it is rigidity or flexible.

Flexible multi-layered compound foil can be formed by polymerization, non-cohesive material or polymerization and non-cohesive material.The exemplary film that comprises polymerization and non-cohesive material is disclosed in the United States Patent(USP) No. 6 of title for " being used to form the method for many colors interference coatings "; 010; 751 are the United States Patent(USP) No. 6 of " the retroeflection thing with polymer multilayer reflective coatings " with title; In 172,810, its full content is incorporated into the part as present specification by reference.The compound foil of all-polymer structure can provide to be made and cost benefit.High temperature polymer with high light transmission and big refractive index difference can be used for being formed in stable in the environment, thin and flexible interference filter.Title is that disclosed composite multi-layer interference filter can be used for the cost large-area manufacturing filter membrane that provides accurate wavelength to select and can be low relatively in the United States Patent(USP) No. 6,531,230 of " color transformation film ".Incorporate United States Patent(USP) No. 6,531 by reference into, whole disclosures of 230 are with the part as present specification.The right use permission of polymkeric substance with high index of refraction difference constitutes mirror thin, high reflection, and it does not independently have substrate and easy the processing constitutes giant-screen.Be equivalent to a multi-layer optical film (MOF) on this compound foil function, for example, it can be the piling up of alternating layer of PET and co-PMMA, and is suitable for the normal incidence zone of reflections of screen application with displaying.For example, the enhanced specular reflector of being made based on the film of polyester by the multilayer of 3M company (ESR) can constitute color separation reflection and the transport tape that produces the expectation that is used for the application.Title is the United States Patent(USP) No. 5 of " the sunproof biphenyl derivatives that is used for pulse optics blacking apparatus and method " for United States Patent(USP) No. 5,976,424, the title of " being used to make the method for the multi-layer optical film with thin optical layers "; 080; 467 and title for disclosing the instance of the multilayer film of various characteristics in the United States Patent(USP) No. 6,905,220 of " back light system " with multi-layer optical film reverberator; Incorporate its full content by reference into, with a part as present specification.

In above-mentioned instance, each luminous zone comprises luminescent material band (for example, 401,402 or 403) and the transparent material strip 501 of absorption exciting light with visible emitting.This structure can be passed through the whole bag of tricks manufacturing, comprises directly on screen layer, printing the luminescent phosphor band.The instance of the molded and transfer flow shown in Figure 11 A, 11B and the 11C is described below, and wherein, the luminescent phosphor band initially is formed in the mould, from mould, shifts out and be transferred to screen layer then.

Figure 11 A shows the mould that is suitable for making luminescent layer.Said mould comprises at the bottom of the mould 1101 and be formed at the bottom of the mould parallel slot 1120 between the groove sept 1130 on 1101.The dimensional integrity of mould can through known accurate manufacture process for example diamond turning realize.The inside surface of groove 1120 can be handled before applying luminescent material in the mould, separated from mould to make things convenient for each luminous zone.For example, the inside surface of each groove 1120 can be electroplated or apply with surface lubrication material (for example, special teflon) layer with nickel dam.

After mould was ready to, with luminescent material, phosphor material for example was applied in the parallel slot 1120 of mould (Figure 11 B and 11C), so that two adjacent slots 1120 are applied with two kinds of different luminescent materials of two kinds of different wavelengths of light of emission.Printing technology, for example silk screen printing technology can be used for the phosphorescence China ink is printed in the mould.In printing technology, control the amount of each luminescent material in each respective grooves, with partially filled each groove 1120.This can pass through, and for example controls silk screen printing parameter (for example, squeegee speed, the angle of attack, black viscosity, paraffin paper film A/F etc.) and realizes.Alternatively, the phosphorescence amount also can be controlled through the volatilizer in the mixed ink, and its evaporation and permission phosphorescence are precipitated to the bottom of each mold slots.China ink can have recessed upper surface (Figure 11 C) after the volatilizer evaporation.

Apply after the phosphor material, fluent material is applied to each groove 1120 above the corresponding luminescent material, to fill up groove 1120.For example, can apply optical transparent liquid material (for example, Norland 61 UV curing compounds or the transparent ripple AC of Addison A109-TR UV mold compound) to fill mould.Use squeegee to strike off the material that mould top exceeds.

Then, fluent material changes transparent solid material 501 into, and transparent solid material 501 is attached to each luminescent material in each groove 1120.For example, transparent material 501 can come completely or partially to solidify through being exposed to UV light or heat, removes from mould with auxiliary.The upper surface of transparent material 501 can keep viscosity to be incorporated into other screen layer easily after transformation.Figure 11 D shows the instance of the mould with concrete size.

Above-mentioned molded luminescent layer then removes and is attached to other screen layer from mould.In this process, screen layer is placed on the mould to contact and to be incorporated into transparent solid material.Mention screen layer and shift out mould with each luminescent material, have the luminescent layer of parallel luminous zone, and this screen layer is attached to other screen layer with formation with the band that will form by transparent solid material 501.

Figure 12 A and 12B show through using lens arra assembly 500 to mention luminescent layer.At first, shown in Figure 11 D, pre-assembled lens arra assembly 500 is oriented the transparent filling material 501 that makes that transparent adhesive layer 530 exposes in the groove 1120 of mould.The pre-assembled lens arra assembly 500 of mold compresses is bonded to each other (Figure 12 A) to allow transparent adhesive layer 530 and transparent filling material 501 relatively.Then, shown in Figure 12 B, mention lens arra assembly 500 at the bottom of the mould of mould, 1101 removing, thereby transparent filling material 501 bands and the phosphoresence band (401,402,403 etc.) that is attached to transparent filling material 501 are shifted out groove 1120.Pre-service through groove 1120 inside surfaces in the bonding and mould between transparent adhesive layer 530 and the transparent filling material 501 can make things convenient for each luminous zone and mold separation, thereby promote this to mention process.

Figure 13 A to 13D shows the residue process that is used for shop drawings 5 screens.From mould, propose to have after the luminescent layer of parallel luminous zone the surface (Figure 13 A) between metallizing reflection horizon on the luminous zone is with the exposed surface that covers luminescent material and transparent solid material and two adjacent luminous zones on the screen layer.On the side surface part of this layer be among Fig. 5 on reflection horizon 532 and luminescent material (for example, the phosphorescence) upper surface part of this layer be depicted as layer 1310, be removed after it.Add filling material material 531 to fill two gaps between the adjacent luminous zone, material 531 can be light absorbing material, for example, and black pigment.Then, metal level above partially filled thing material 531, the luminescent material (for example, phosphorescence) 1310 and part luminescent material are removed, to form the flat surfaces that exposes luminescent material in each luminous zone.Figure 13 C shows exposed upper phosphorescence surface 1330 and filling material surface, top to form flat surfaces.At this moment, other screen layer can be placed on the flat surfaces.Figure 13 D shows support base 424 can be attached to flat surfaces through using transparent binding layer 540.

Figure 14 A, 14B and 14C show to use and mention layer (lifting layer) 1401 molded luminescent layer is proposed mould and is bonded to other screen layer, for example, and the lens arra assembly.Mentioning layer 1401 becomes the part of screen and can be designed to reach the transmission length of expecting between pinhole array layer 520 and the phosphorescence.Mentioning layer 1401 can be processed by various transparent materials, comprises thin plastics or polyester film, and for example, thickness is 6 microns to 25 microns Mylar film.Mold compresses is mentioned layer 1401 to allow to mention layer 1401 and transparent filling material 501 be bonded to each other (Figure 14 A) at first, relatively.Thin adhesive phase can be applied to other exposed surfaces of mentioning layer 1401 or transparent filling material 501 with auxiliary combination of mentioning between layer 1401 and the transparent filling material 501.Then, shown in Figure 14 B, mention layer 1401 and be raised at the bottom of the mould of mould, 1101 to remove and transparent filling material 501 bands and the phosphoresence band (401,402,403 etc.) that is attached to transparent filling material 501 are shifted out groove 1120.Figure 14 C has further shown the lens arra assembly 500 among Fig. 5 is attached to and has mentioned the assembling process of layer 1401 as a screen part.Pre-assembled lens arra assembly 500 is oriented and makes transparent adhesive layer 530 towards mentioning layer 1401.Pre-assembled lens arra assembly 500 with mention layer 1401 and push relative to each other to allow transparent adhesive layer 530 and to mention layer 1401 and be bonded to each other.Then, other screen layer is placed on phosphoresence band (401,402,403 etc.) and goes up to accomplish screen.

With reference to figure 13C, observer's side of phosphorescence surface, top 1330 screen-orienteds in each band.Air-gap or low-refraction dielectric layer can be formed between phosphorescence surface 1330 and the support substrate layer 424 to strengthen visible light emitted through the transmission of support base 424 to the observer.In one embodiment, the surface texturisation on the exposed surface 1330 of luminescent material can form in removing process or independent surface treatment process to form luminescent material and to be bonded to the air-gap between the screen layer of flat surfaces 1330.Mentioning layer 1401 can be the low-index material of refractive index less than the phosphorescence refractive index.

Different molding processes can be used for having the screen of similarly different slightly sandwich constructions.Figure 15 A to 15J shows this different molding process.

Figure 15 A shows the mould that is suitable for making the luminescent layer that is used for screen.This mould comprises at the bottom of the mould 1501 and in the narrow parallel mold slots 1510 that forms between the wide mould sept 1520 on 1501 at the bottom of the mould.Groove 1510 is used to form the interband parting between the adjacent luminous zone in the screen, and the space that mould sept 1520 occupies is used to form luminous zone in the screen.The dimensional integrity of mould can be used known accurate manufacture process, and for example diamond turning realizes.The upper surface of the mould sept 1520 of the inside surface of mold slots 1510 and mould can be processed with convenient molded structure and mold separation.For example, the upper surface of the inside surface of each groove 1510 and mould sept 1520 can be electroplated or apply with surface lubrication material (for example, special teflon) with nickel dam.Interband parting material, optics opaque material (for example, black ink) for example, the parallel slot 1510 that is applied to mould is to fill up groove 1510.Print and handle, for example silk screen printing is handled, and can be used for interband parting materials, printed on to mould.Interband parting material can be that light absorbing UV solidifies black material.Remove unnecessary interband parting material so that form flat surfaces with the upper surface of mould sept 1520.

Figure 15 B shows and on the upper surface of the exposed surface top of the interband parting material 1530 of filling and mould sept 1520, forms UV curing transparent layer 1540.At first, applying the UV curing materials that is used for hyaline layer 1540 and it is placed as with the upper, exposed surface of the interband parting material 1530 of filling and the upper surface of mould sept 1520 directly contacts.Then, the UV curing materials that is used for hyaline layer 1540 is exposed to UV light with curing materials, so that the UV curing materials combines with interband parting material 1530.This UV curing transparent layer 1540 can be used in some screens, and can from other screens, remove.

Then, under the situation that does not have UV curing transparent layer 1540, bearing bed 1560 and adhesive phase 1550 are attached to upper surface and the upper surface of mould sept 1520 on exposed surface top of the interband parting material 1530 of filling.When UV curing transparent layer 1540, bearing bed 1560 and adhesive phase 1550 are attached to the upper surface of UV curing transparent layer 1540.Adhesive phase 1550 can be to have the bottom adhesive layer 1551 that is bonded to UV curing transparent layer 1540 and the UV cutting adhesive phase of upper plastic that is attached to bearing bed 1560 or polyester backing layer 1552.An instance of adhesive phase 1550 is the UV cutting adhesive tapes that use in the wafer cutting, and adhesive surface becomes not sticking when being exposed to the UV light time.This process is bonded to UV curing transparent layer 1540 (Figure 15 C) through adhesive phase 1550 with bearing bed 1560.Then, bearing bed 1560 is lifted from mould so that interband parting 1530 is shifted out mold slots 1510, form the parallel array (Figure 15 D) of the phosphorescence trough of belt 1533 between the adjacent interband parting 1530.

Then, reflectance coating 1570, metal level (for example, aluminium) for example is deposited on the basal surface of surface and phosphorescence trough of belt 1533 of interband parting 1530 (Figure 15 E).The partially recycled light in this reflection horizon is to strengthen the optical efficiency of screen.Then, with luminescent material, for example phosphor material is applied to parallel slot 1533, so that two adjacent slots 1533 are applied with two kinds of different luminescent materials launching two kinds of different wavelengths of light.Print and handle, for example silk screen printing is handled, and can be used for the phosphorescence China ink is printed on groove 1533.During printing, control the amount of each luminescent material in each respective grooves 1533, with partially filled each groove 1533 to the upper surface that is lower than interband parting 1,530 one selected distance h (Figure 15 F).So just form phosphoresence band with upper surface 1580 (401,402,403 etc.).The phosphor material that available UV rayed is filled is with curing materials.UV light is penetrate through reflective metal level 1570 not, is kept perfectly so that discharge the bonding of adhesive phase 1550 of UV.Can leave a blank or fill with optical transparent liquid material (the for example transparent ripple AC of Norland 61UV curing compound or Addison A109-TR UV mold compound) in space on the phosphor material, it converts the transparent solid material that is bonded to each luminescent material in each groove 1533 into.

In this design, the upper surface of interband parting 1530 is oriented to the observer's side towards final screen.Therefore, the partial reflection coating 1570 on interband parting 1530 upper surfaces should be removed reflection or the flash of light to reduce screen viewing person side.This can be through removing reflectance coating 1570 the upper strata expose as opaque upper surface 1531 until the opaque packing material of interband parting 1530 and realize (Figure 15 G).This removes process and can use various technology to realize, includes but not limited to polishing and sandblast.

Then, support base 424 is attached to the upper surface (Figure 15 H) of upper surface 1531 and transparent filling material 501 through adhesive phase.At this moment, UV light can lead and make UV cutting adhesive phase 1550 lose viscosity through bearing bed 1560 and adhesive phase 1550, thereby discharges the screen construction shown in Figure 15 I.UV hyaline layer 1540 can be removed (Figure 15 J).

Figure 16 and 17 further shows two instances based on the screen of screen construction among Figure 15 J.Among Figure 16, the lens arra assembly 500 among Fig. 5 is attached to the excitation side of screen construction among Figure 15 J.In Figure 17, the dichroic layer 920 among Fig. 9 is attached to the excitation side of screen construction among Figure 15 J.

Figure 18 shows other one routine screen construction with Fresnel lens layer.In this example; Contrast enhancing layer 422 is as the color filter layer 1810 with redness, green and blue electric- wave filter 1811,1812 and 1813 among Fig. 4, its along the direction of normal to screen layer spatially corresponding to and in alignment with the fluorescent belt in the fluorescence coating.Thereby, select color absorption band 1811,1812 and 1813 transmit respectively fluorescent belt respective color light and absorb the light of the color of other fluorescent belts.Adhesive phase.Can between two adjacent filters 1811,1812 and 1813, form zone of opacity, reduce blend of colors with the isolation wave filter.This filter layer 1810 can be used on other screen design to strengthen the contrast of display image.

In Figure 18, adhesive phase 1820 is formed between color filter layer 1810 and the phosphorescent layer.This adhesive phase 1820 produces at interval between phosphoresence band and color filter, to produce air-gap.Not desired images halo is reduced in this gap, makes UV be recovered to phosphorescent layer to improve optical efficiency.This air-gap can be set to various thickness values, for example, and 10 to 20 microns.In the mill, the thin layer of bonding agent spreads in mould and multi-layer optical film D1 is laminated to adhesive phase 1820.Then, phosphorescence is stripped from mould.This instance shows air-gap and the available opaque reflecting material between the different phosphate light belt, for example titania, or silver-colored thin slice fill, perhaps between assembling, electroplate and flatten.

Although this instructions comprises a lot of details, these should not constitute the restriction to scope of invention or scope required for protection, and should regard the explanation to the characteristic details of specific embodiment of the present invention as.Some characteristic in each embodiment context of describing in this instructions also can be combined among the independent embodiment and realize.Otherwise the various characteristics of in the context of an embodiment, describing also can realize in a plurality of embodiment or the combination of any suitable son respectively.In addition; Though the characteristic of foregoing description is used in some combination; Even as initial the requirement, institute requires one or more characteristic in the combination can from combination, remove in some cases, and desired combination can be directed to son combination or sub distortion of making up.

Some embodiments are only disclosed.Yet, be appreciated that and can describe and illustrate based on present patent application, make change, strengthen and other embodiments.

Claims (12)

1. method that is used to make display screen comprises:

The exciting light that absorbs excitation wavelength is applied in the parallel slot of mould with the luminescent material that emission wavelength is different from the visible light of excitation wavelength, so that two adjacent slots are applied in two kinds of different luminescent materials launching two kinds of different wave lengths;

Said luminescent material is being applied in the process in the mould, is controlling the amount of every kind of luminescent material in each respective grooves, with partially filled each groove;

The top that fluent material is applied to corresponding luminescent material in each groove is to be full of this groove;

Fluent material is changed be attached to into the transparent solid material of each luminescent material in each groove;

Screen layer is placed on the mould to contact with said transparent solid material and to combine;

Mention said screen layer will from said mould, proposing, thereby form luminescent layer with parallel luminous zone by band and every kind of luminescent material that said transparent solid material forms; And

One or more other screen layer is applied on the said luminescent layer to form display screen.

2. the method for claim 1, wherein:

Said fluent material is the UV curing materials, and

When forming said transparent solid material, with the UV photoconduction to said fluent material to solidify said fluent material.

3. the method for claim 1, wherein:

Said fluent material is a thermosetting material, and

When forming said transparent solid material, heat is applied to said fluent material to solidify said fluent material.

4. the method for claim 1 comprises:

After the luminescent layer that will have parallel luminous zone proposes from mould, metal level is coated on the said luminous zone with the surface on the screen layer between the exposure that covers said luminescent material and said transparent solid material and two the adjacent luminous zones; And

Apply packing material to fill two gaps between the adjacent luminous zone;

The metal level and the part luminescent material that remove partially filled material, luminescent material top are to form flat surfaces, and said flat surfaces exposes the luminescent material in each luminous zone; And

Additional screen layer is applied on the said flat surfaces.

5. method as claimed in claim 4; Wherein, The said metal level on said partially filled material, luminescent material top and said part luminescent material are removed with the surface texturisation on the exposed surface that stays said luminescent material, so that at said luminescent material be combined between the screen layer on the said flat surfaces and form air-gap.

6. method as claimed in claim 4, wherein, said packing material is light absorbing black material.

7. the method for claim 1 comprises:

After the luminescent layer that will have parallel luminous zone proposes, fill gap between the adjacent luminous zone to cover the exposure of luminescent material and said transparent solid material with reflecting material from mould; And

The partial reflection material and the part luminescent material that remove luminescent material top are to form flat surfaces, and said flat surfaces exposes the luminescent material in each luminous zone; And

Additional screen layer is applied on the said flat surfaces.

8. method as claimed in claim 7; Wherein, The partial reflection material and the part luminescent material on said luminescent material top are removed with the surface texturisation on the exposed surface that stays luminescent material, so that at said luminescent material be combined between the screen layer on the said flat surfaces and form air-gap.

9. the method for claim 1 comprises: before applying said luminescent material, handle the inside surface of the groove in the mould, to make things convenient for each luminous zone and mold separation.

10. method as claimed in claim 9, wherein, the inside surface of each groove is coated with nickel dam.

11. method as claimed in claim 9, wherein, the inside surface of each groove is coated with the surface lubrication material layer.

12. the method for claim 1, wherein said luminescent material comprise the quantum dot that absorbs exciting light and visible emitting.

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