CN101949427A - 尤其是用于机动车的轴如凸轮轴以及制造方法 - Google Patents

尤其是用于机动车的轴如凸轮轴以及制造方法 Download PDF

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CN101949427A
CN101949427A CN2010102228457A CN201010222845A CN101949427A CN 101949427 A CN101949427 A CN 101949427A CN 2010102228457 A CN2010102228457 A CN 2010102228457A CN 201010222845 A CN201010222845 A CN 201010222845A CN 101949427 A CN101949427 A CN 101949427A
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camshaft
cam
shaft
axle
zone
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M·福格尔
M·德尔塞
M·贝希托尔德
T·温克勒
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Neumayer Tekfor Holding GmbH
Neumayer Tekfor GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D53/00—Making other particular articles
    • B21D53/84—Making other particular articles other parts for engines, e.g. connecting-rods
    • B21D53/845—Making camshafts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/047—Camshafts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C3/00—Shafts; Axles; Cranks; Eccentrics
    • F16C3/02—Shafts; Axles
    • F16C3/023—Shafts; Axles made of several parts, e.g. by welding
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D1/00—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements
    • F16D1/06—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end
    • F16D1/064—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end non-disconnectable
    • F16D1/068—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end non-disconnectable involving gluing, welding or the like
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D1/00—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements
    • F16D1/06—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end
    • F16D1/08—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end with clamping hub; with hub and longitudinal key
    • F16D1/0852—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end with clamping hub; with hub and longitudinal key with radial clamping between the mating surfaces of the hub and shaft
    • F16D1/0858—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end with clamping hub; with hub and longitudinal key with radial clamping between the mating surfaces of the hub and shaft due to the elasticity of the hub (including shrink fits)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
    • F16F15/22—Compensation of inertia forces
    • F16F15/26—Compensation of inertia forces of crankshaft systems using solid masses, other than the ordinary pistons, moving with the system, i.e. masses connected through a kinematic mechanism or gear system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
    • F16F15/22—Compensation of inertia forces
    • F16F15/26—Compensation of inertia forces of crankshaft systems using solid masses, other than the ordinary pistons, moving with the system, i.e. masses connected through a kinematic mechanism or gear system
    • F16F15/264—Rotating balancer shafts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
    • F16F15/32—Correcting- or balancing-weights or equivalent means for balancing rotating bodies, e.g. vehicle wheels
    • F16F15/34—Fastening arrangements therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L2303/00—Manufacturing of components used in valve arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L2800/00—Methods of operation using a variable valve timing mechanism
    • F01L2800/15—Balancing of rotating parts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2360/00—Engines or pumps
    • F16C2360/18—Camshafts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F2226/00—Manufacturing; Treatments
    • F16F2226/04—Assembly or fixing methods; methods to form or fashion parts
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/17—Crankshaft making apparatus
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49229—Prime mover or fluid pump making
    • Y10T29/49293—Camshaft making
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49908—Joining by deforming
    • Y10T29/49938—Radially expanding part in cavity, aperture, or hollow body
    • Y10T29/4994—Radially expanding internal tube
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/49—Member deformed in situ
    • Y10T403/4924—Inner member is expanded by longitudinally inserted element
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/21—Elements
    • Y10T74/2101—Cams
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/21—Elements
    • Y10T74/2173—Cranks and wrist pins
    • Y10T74/2183—Counterbalanced

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
  • Gears, Cams (AREA)
  • Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于机动车的轴如凸轮轴以及制造方法。本发明具体地涉及用于制造待轴向压力套装在轴上的具有与圆形形状不同的形状的功能体的方法，其中，为了磨削最终功能形状，所述功能体通过其内孔张紧在一个芯棒上并且在那里在磨削期间在与安置在所述轴上的状态相应的状态中变形。

Description

尤其是用于机动车的轴如凸轮轴以及制造方法
本发明专利申请是本申请人的申请日为2006年8月7日、申请号为200680032907.X、发明名称为“尤其是用于机动车的轴如凸轮轴以及制造方法”的发明专利申请的分案申请。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于制造待轴向压力套装在轴上的具有与圆形形状不同的形状的功能体的方法。
背景技术
在内燃机中为了控制换气阀而使用凸轮轴。在此，在四冲程发动机中凸轮轴以发动机转速的一半转动。作为用于换气阀运动的控制元件使用由基圆区域和隆起区域组成的凸轮。此外，在凸轮轴上例如可设置一个用于接收链轮或齿轮或传感器轮的端部件及其它一些元件。
凸轮取决于功能在纵向轴线上扭转地安置在凸轮轴上。由此，凸轮轴总体上具有不平衡，这至少在一定的转速范围中导致发动机附加地不期望地振动。
此外，发动机的总旋转质量引起振动。这些振动现象中的至少一些可被补偿，其方式是实际上施加反向不平衡。这些反向不平衡可通过平衡重量施加在凸轮轴上和/或特意为此目的设置一个所谓的补偿轴。
对于凸轮轴由DE4030568C2及DE4336809C2公知设置补偿重量。在DE4030568C2中为了补偿不平衡在一个实施例中在构造成实心的凸轮轴中补偿质量相对于转动轴线偏心地错位。在另一个实施例中，管状区段形式的补偿质量也相对于旋转轴线偏心地错位。这种轴在制造方面昂贵并且在使用领域方面受到限制。
DE4336809提出了待固定在轴基体上的具有孔的凸轮，这些凸轮固定在轴上。凸轮在凸轮的位于凸轮隆起部对面的侧上设置有一个轴向加接部分形式的延续部分、即一个与凸轮构造成一体的半壳作为补偿质量。这种凸轮轴的应用可能性也受到限制，因为凸轮及补偿重量的位置从前面过来彼此相互确定并且不可改变。
发明内容
本发明的任务在于：尤其是提供一种凸轮轴及其制造方法，在这种凸轮轴中可较简单且较廉价地进行制造并且在这种凸轮轴中可比迄今更精确地进行平衡/不平衡分配。此外，可扩大凸轮轴的应用及使用可能性并且也可考虑已固定或待固定在轴上的构件的质量分配。
一种轴、尤其是凸轮轴，具有一些设置在轴体上的功能体如凸轮，在这种轴中，如尤其是在这种凸轮轴中，该任务这样来解决：补偿质量是不仅与功能元件如凸轮而且与轴分开制造并且固定在轴例如凸轮轴上的元件。这种元件不仅可固定在凸轮本身上而且可固定在轴基体上。
安置这些元件的一个特别有利的方式可通过轴向压力套装这些元件来进行，由此使这些元件轴向地且无相对转动地固定在轴上。在此特别有利的可以是，不仅凸轮而且补偿或平衡元件或重量通过轴向压力套装来固定，确切地说是以如在DE-OS′en 4030568C2、4336809C2及3803383C2中的至少一个中所述的方式来固定，上述文献的内容应组合到本发明中。
通过轴向压力套装固定在轴基体上的平衡重量或元件合乎目的地构造成环状并且具有一个质量较大的平衡区域及一个质量较小的保持区域。保持区域与具有较大质量的平衡区域相比可比平衡区域具有更小的轴向延伸尺寸。保持区域也可在一个相对于旋转轴线垂直的平面中相对于平衡区域不对称地设置。
平衡元件也可至少近似构造成半壳状并且固定在轴体上。该固定可通过激光束焊接来进行，但也可通过钎焊或粘接来进行。特别有利的是通过电容放电焊接来固定，因为由此可无扭曲地焊接并且在焊接部位周围实际上不存在变热。为了借助于焊接来固定，有利的可以是，平衡元件具有至少一个向内指向的轮廓；所述轮廓也可通过至少平行于轴线延伸的突起构成，该突起在焊接时与凸轮轴或与凸轮轴基体形成连接。
在同一个凸轮轴上可施加质量不同的平衡元件或平衡重量。
通过借助于分开制造的平衡元件或补偿质量使凸轮控制与质量补偿的功能分开也可以实现凸轮轴的模块化结构。在此情况下视需要及应用而定可使用相同的凸轮轴基体与不同的凸轮和相应的补偿质量。由此也可显著地节省刀具成本。
通过本发明也可用特别简单且有利的方式实现：通过平衡元件焊接点的数量及位置也考虑已固定或仍待固定在轴上的其它元件例如传感器、驱动轮或类似件的质量。
此外，用特别有利的方式中可实现：平衡重量或元件以这样的方式设置在轴上，使得轴本身具有不平衡，但它补偿或平衡通过其它旋转质量产生的振动。
另一个本发明构思涉及具有非圆形功能体的所谓接合式轴、即例如凸轮轴的制造，其中，凸轮通过轴向压力套装固定在轴基体上。已经证实，在将凸轮首先磨削到其给定轮廓并且接着压力套装这些凸轮的这种凸轮轴中，凸轮的外部形状这样偏离给定轮廓，使得发动机控制受到消极影响。在此，不仅圆柱状的固定区域变形，而且在凸轮的隆起区域中产生形变。因此，该另一个本发明构思的任务在于：避免这种变形并且尤其是提供凸轮轴，在这种凸轮轴中，功能体、即例如凸轮的外部轮廓在安装好的状态中也相应于符合规定的轮廓。这这样来实现：在磨削外部轮廓时，凸轮的张紧通过其内孔借助于一个张紧元件、例如液压的或机械的张紧芯棒来进行，其中，产生凸轮的扩张，该扩展相应于在凸轮接合到凸轮轴上之后相应的扩张。由此可精确地根据目标轮廓来制造其外部轮廓。
另一个本发明构思涉及功能体如尤其是用于接合式凸轮轴的凸轮的构型。本发明的该部分的任务在于：节省材料，降低凸轮轴成本并且减小凸轮轴中的不平衡。根据本发明，这这样来实现：凸轮在凸轮隆起部中加工有一个在轴线方向上至少部分地穿过凸轮的槽。该槽可在轴线方向上贯穿或可能情况下仅部分地穿过凸轮。该槽在朝凸轮正面的方向上观察可以是蛾眉月形状并且仅加工在一侧上，但也可从两侧加工。但该槽也可以是一个贯穿的、也至少近似圆形的开口。
可以看出，可以节省否则在实心凸轮中所使用的昂贵材料的并非微不足道的部分。
附图说明
借助于图1至图10来详细描述本发明。
具体实施方式
在此，图1示出了一个具有轴基体2的所谓接合式凸轮轴1，该轴基体包括一个管状区段2a及一个例如通过焊接、摩擦焊接或类似方法固定在该管状区段上的、部分地构造成空心的接管2b。接管2b可通过体积成形来制造，并且在2c处通过已经描述的方法与管2a相连接。加接部分2b在其背离连接部位的一侧上具有一个法兰3，在管区段2a与接管2b连接之后从端部区域4直到环圈5的始端对轴状基体的表面进行精加工并且为轴向压力套装凸轮N1至N8及平衡重量作准备。此后，按照相应顺序轴向压力套装所述凸轮及平衡重量，确切地说是以在已经描述的DE-OS′en中所述的方式来轴向压力套装。也可用相同的方式来安置传感器轮10。空心轴2a在其端部4上通过一个密封罩11来封闭，以便避免油进入并且由此避免产生不平衡。
按照根据图1中箭头II-II的视图在图2的视图中示出了平衡重量6，此外，在图3中按照根据图2中线III-III的剖面还示出了该平衡重量。该平衡重量具有一个部分地构造成圆柱状区段的保持区段12及一个径向延伸尺寸较大并且由此质量较大的区域13。
图4中在按照箭头IV-IV的视图中所示的补偿元件7如在图5中按照图4中线V-V的剖面可看到的那样在相对于旋转轴线垂直的平面中构造成不对称的。该补偿重量或该补偿质量7也具有一个部分地构造成圆柱状的保持区段14及一个质量较大的区域15。为了使质量重心X在轴向上移位到保持区域14的范围附近，质量较大的区域15构造成锥状，即轴向上离开环状的保持区域设置有变小的质量。该锥状分布的构型用16标记。
图6中在按照箭头VI-VI的视图中示出了平衡元件9。图7按照图6中线VII-VII的剖面示出了补偿元件9，该补偿元件也具有一个部分地构造成圆柱状的保持区域17及一个质量较大的区域18。并且在此如图5中那样区域18的径向及轴向延伸尺寸显著大于区域17的径向及轴向延伸尺寸。
但也可以在轴基体上固定一些根据图9的平衡重量来取代所述平衡元件6～9中的至少几个。平衡元件30至少近似构造成半壳状并且在径向内部区域中具有一个至少近似与轴基体相适配的轮廓31。由该轮廓径向向内伸出两个焊接突起32，由此可使平衡元件30通过焊接如电容放电焊接、电阻焊接或类似方法固定在轴基体上，其中，两个焊接突起32熔接在轴基体上。
图9在按照图1中线IX-IX的视图中示出了凸轮N2，图10示出了根据图9中线X-X的剖面。凸轮3具有一个孔60及一个部分圆柱状的区域61，该部分圆柱状的区域过渡到一个凸出的区域62。在凸出的凸轮区域62中加工有一个槽63，以便节省材料及重量。槽63也可在轴线方向上构造成贯穿的。
这种凸轮通过相应的加工即通过锻造、必要时辐射、车削孔60、将该孔硬车削到接合尺寸、磨削周边轮廓及必要时最后滚磨到其最终尺寸来制造。但在凸轮通过其孔60轴向压力套装时，凸轮的外部形状相对于预给定的给定轮廓发生变化，确切地说不仅在圆柱状的区域61中而且在隆起区域62中发生变化。为了即使在凸轮压力套装好时也保证与给定轮廓精确相应的凸轮形状，在磨削外部轮廓64时将凸轮3通过其圆形的内孔60接收在一个张紧装置上，该张紧装置以与在轴向压力套装时的情况相同的方式使凸轮扩张。为此则可将凸轮接收在一个机械的或液压的张紧元件上，该张紧元件产生与在凸轮压力套装到轴上时相同的形式的重叠。由此可精确地根据目标轮廓来制造外部轮廓，在所述元件解除张力后出现不符合规定的形状，但在凸轮装配后又出现目标形状。

Claims (3)

1.用于制造待轴向压力套装在轴上的具有与圆形形状不同的形状的功能体的方法，其特征在于：为了磨削最终功能形状，所述功能体通过其内孔张紧在一个芯棒上并且在那里在磨削期间在与安置在所述轴上的状态相应的状态中变形。
2.根据权利要求1的方法，其特征在于，所述轴是凸轮轴。
3.根据权利要求1或2的方法，其特征在于，所述功能体是用于凸轮轴的凸轮。
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