CN101949369A - Low temperature solar energy-biomass energy combined heat and power system - Google Patents
Low temperature solar energy-biomass energy combined heat and power system Download PDFInfo
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- CN101949369A CN101949369A CN2010102375507A CN201010237550A CN101949369A CN 101949369 A CN101949369 A CN 101949369A CN 2010102375507 A CN2010102375507 A CN 2010102375507A CN 201010237550 A CN201010237550 A CN 201010237550A CN 101949369 A CN101949369 A CN 101949369A
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- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- MSSNHSVIGIHOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)CC(F)(F)F MSSNHSVIGIHOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl ether Chemical compound COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000013529 heat transfer fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002608 ionic liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutane Chemical compound CC(C)C NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopentane Chemical compound CCC(C)C QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- LVGUZGTVOIAKKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane Chemical compound FCC(F)(F)F LVGUZGTVOIAKKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003225 biodiesel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- AFABGHUZZDYHJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl butane Natural products CCCC(C)C AFABGHUZZDYHJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001282 iso-butane Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
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- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 18
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 208000031968 Cadaver Diseases 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002154 agricultural waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012075 bio-oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/70—Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/18—Domestic hot-water supply systems using recuperated or waste heat
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/46—Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines
Abstract
The invention relates to a low temperature solar energy-biomass energy combined heat and power system and a generating process. The system comprises a heat transfer fluid (such as heat transfer oil, ionic liquid, and water) circulation loop, a working medium circulation loop of an organic Rankine cycle, a heating furnace smoke discharge pipeline, a hot water heating loop and a cooling water loop. A heating furnace is used for supplementing heat for the heat transfer fluid or used as a standby heat source, and the heating surface uses dimethyl ether, heavy oil, biomass or low-grade cheap fuel made from the biomass; propane (R290), pentafluoropropane (R245fa) and the like are used as circulation working media; the exhaust heat regeneration quantity of the organic Rankine cycle can be adjusted according to the heating demand of a user; and a solar concentrator of the system is a solar concentration and waste heat recovery integrated vacuum flat-plate concentrator with a heat regenerating measure at the bottom, and the waste heat of exhaust smoke of the heating furnace can be recovered while fully using solar energy. The system can directly and efficiently convert a large quantity of low-grade biomass fuel and low-density solar energy into electric energy and supplies heat to users at the same time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cogeneration system and technology of utilizing solar energy and biomass energy, is that a kind of solar low-temperature heat energy and biomass energy are efficiently utilized new method and technology, belongs to the energy and environment technical field.
Background technique
Electrical production is being played the part of more and more important role in industrial and agricultural production, we can say that power supply is the bottleneck of entire society's development.Since oneth century, power industry all is seriously to depend on fossil fuels such as coal, though in recent years along with The Application of Technology such as overcritical Rankine cycles, the coal electrical efficiency progressively improves (state-of-the-art technology can reach nearly 50% the thermal efficiency in the world now), but power industry still is carbon dioxide and the main emission source of the serious environmental contaminants of sulfur dioxide, while is along with the exhaustion of fossil fuel, the cost of exploitation and difficulty can be increasing, therefore strengthen dynamics to new energy development, thereby alleviating national product and the life process degree of dependence to fossil fuel gradually, is the unique selection that the mankind must face.
The radiation power of the sun reaches 3.8x10
23KW, wherein, about 1.08x10
14KW is radiated earth surface, even if light-photoelectric transformation efficiency only be ten thousand/, also can reach nearly 4 times more than of whole world total power generating capacity.It is estimated that the sun is radiated tellurian energy within January, can support all non-renewable energy resources gross reserves that comprise fossil fuel, atomic power etc. on the earth 10 times more than, solar energy is really inexhaustible, the nexhaustible energy.China belongs to the quite abundant country of solar energy resources, and 2/3 area year sunshine duration of area is greater than 2200h, and unit area solar radiation total amount is higher than 5016MJ/m
2Therefore, the research solar energy generation technology is significant to the China and even the whole mankind's sustainable development.Solar electrical energy generation can be an electric energy with conversion of solar energy environment not being brought under any pollution and the public hazards situation, and solar electrical energy generation is described as following optimal generation mode.Press the difference of conversion regime, can be divided into photovoltaic generation and light-Re-electric dual mode, wherein, photovoltaic power generation technology is ripe, but its efficient is low, initial cost is high.Light-Re-power technology mainly refers to light collecting high temperature solar heating power generating, and the difference of pressing sunlight tracking system can be divided into uniaxiality tracking and double-axis tracking system two big classes; Press the difference of heat collector type, can be divided into slot type system, tower system and dish formula system three major types.Light collecting high temperature solar heating power generating efficiency height, single-machine capacity are big, the nine cover SEGS solar-powered thermal generating sets of on the desert, California, building as the U.S., maximum every cover generated output is 80 megawatts, total power generating capacity reaches 354 megawatts, can satisfy 500,000 residents' energy demand, 2,300,000 barrels of crude oil of annual saving reduce by 15.5 ten thousand tons of CO
2With 114 tons of NO
xDischarging.But the initial cost of high temperature solar heat power generating system is high, usually be several times as much as the thermal power generation system of same electric motor power, equipment, material are also had very high requirement, and installation period is longer, these unfavorable factors have all seriously restricted the construction and the investment of high temperature solar heat power generating system.
Biomass resource refers to that mainly agricultural and forest products industry waste, livestock breeding industry ight soil and city contain the solid waste of combustible component.There is abundant biomass resource in China, according to statistics China rural area just (calorific value about 10.2 * 10 up to 700,000,000 tons of the straw amount of abandoning only
15KJ), nearly 200,000,000 tons (calorific values about 3.1 * 10 of forest products industry waste
15KJ), agricultural wastes such as a large amount of rice husks, stalk are still arranged.If these wastes are unreasonable to be recycled, just can become the ring harmful substances.Current biomass energy utilization technologies mainly contains: directly burning, and heat that burning produces and steam can be used for generating, or to user's heat supply; Biogas technology, the biogas that living beings produce can be used as life combustion gas and generating; Biomass gasification technology, the combustible gas that gasification is produced can be used for cooking, heating and used for drying corps, also can be used as the fuel of internal-combustion engine, gas turbine equal power device, output power or power; The biomass pyrolytic technology is divided into destructive distillation system water gas, charcoal processing and fast pyrogenation system bio oil technology; The biomass liquefying technology.As a whole, agricultural and forest products industry living beings need to absorb CO in growing process
2Carry out photosynthesis, the using energy source of this biolobic material and conversion system can not cause CO in the earth atmosphere
2The increase of total amount, therefore, the research of biomass energy utilization technologies has become the focus of international community's new energy technology research.At present, the clean combustion technology of living beings has become ripe as production and use of marsh gas technology, straw gasifying technology etc., and Related product is just progressively realized the typing marketization.
Low-temperature solar energy and the biomass energy of being coupled effectively makes up cogeneration system, can realize having complementary advantages between solar energy and biomass energy, guarantees the stability and the high efficiency of energy source conversion system, is expected to become the important technique measure that makes up the distributed energy supply system.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of low-temperature solar energy-biomass energy cogeneration system and electrification technique as well as, this system once adds thermal recovery planar vacuum glass solar thermal collector or vacuum tube collector, carries out double heating with the heat of biomass energy.This system can be converted to high-grade electric energy with solar energy and biomass energy to greatest extent, and is provided for required heat energy such as domestic hot-water.
Solving the scheme that technical problem of the present invention adopts is: this system comprises: the thermal fluid circulation loop, organic Rankine circuit working medium circulation loop, oven smoke evacuation pipeline, the heat supply hot-water return, organic Rankine circuit chilled(cooling) water return (CWR), for the thermal fluid concurrent heating or make the oven of standby heat source, the integrated vacuum flat-plate heat collector of solar energy heating-heat recovery of hot measure is taken back in the bottom
Described thermal fluid circulation loop is as follows: the low temperature heat transfer fluid of coming out from organic Rankine cycle fluid steam generator (4), enter preheating in the integrated vacuum flat-plate heat collector of solar energy heating-heat recovery (2) through thermal fluid recycle pump (3) pressurization, entering oven (1) again is heated into the higher thermal fluid of temperature and enters refrigerant vapor generator (4), with the working medium in the circulation of heat transferred organic Rankine, make working medium finish the evaporation gasification;
Organic Rankine circuit working medium circulation loop is as follows: the liquid working substance that comes out from liquid-storage container is forced into evaporating pressure through working medium compression pump (13), enter preheating in the exhaust bleeder heater (8), enter refrigerant vapor generator (4) heat absorption evaporation afterwards, steam advances turbo-expander (5) acting output shaft work, drive excitation generator (6) generating, exhaust steam divides two-way through diversion three-way control valve: the liquid refrigerant that one tunnel intake and exhaust bleeder heater (8) preheating comes from the working medium compression pump, other one the tunnel directly is mixed into heat supply water heater (9) Heating Cyclic hot water with the refrigerant vapor that comes out from exhaust bleeder heater (8), enter coagulator (11) condensation afterwards, flow into the working medium liquid container, finish a circulation;
Oven smoke evacuation pipeline is as follows: flue gas enters heat recovery space, the integrated vacuum flat-plate heat collector of solar energy heating-heat recovery (2) bottom, enters hot water preheater (14) afterwards to the backwater preheating, after smoke exhaust fan (16) pressurization drains into chimney;
The heat supply hot-water return is: the backwater that comes from hot user is delivered to hot water preheater (14) preheating through waterback pump (15), enters the heating process that hot water heater (9) is finished hot water afterwards;
Organic Rankine circuit chilled(cooling) water return (CWR) is: the cooling water that comes from cooling tower (10) is delivered to organic Rankine circuit coagulator (11) through cooling water circulating pump (12), finish condensing to the cycle fluid exhaust steam, return cooling tower (10) water distributor afterwards, water-collecting tray at the bottom of combining in tower after the cooling is finished a circulation.
The fuel that the oven that this system adopts uses biomass fuel or made by living beings is as biodiesel, living beings gasification combustible gas, fuel diesel, heavy oil, methyl alcohol, ethanol, methane, rock gas, coal gas or dimethyl ether.
It is that R290, pentafluoropropane are that R245fa, pentane are that R601, isopentane are that R601a, pentane are C that this system's organic Rankine recycles propane
5H
12, n-hexane is C
6H
14, butane is that R600, isobutane are that R600a or HFC-134a are R134a and make cycle fluid by two or more mixed working fluid of forming in these 9 kinds of pure working medium.
This system's thermal fluid uses conduction oil, ionic liquid or water.
This system is provided with diversion three-way control valve in the turbine exhaust, can regulate exhaust backheat amount to the demand of heating load according to hot user.
Cogeneration system of the present invention comprises five loops: at first be thermal fluid (as conduction oil, ionic liquid, water etc.) circulation loop, the low temperature heat transfer fluid of coming out from organic Rankine cycle fluid steam generator, enter preheating in the integrated vacuum flat-plate heat collector of solar energy heating-heat recovery through the pressurization of thermal fluid recycle pump, entering oven again is heated into the higher thermal fluid of temperature and enters the refrigerant vapor generator, with the working medium in the circulation of heat transferred organic Rankine, make working medium finish the evaporation gasification; The secondth, organic Rankine circuit working medium circulation loop, the liquid working substance that comes out from liquid-storage container is forced into evaporating pressure through the working medium compression pump, enter the preheating of exhaust bleeder heater, enter refrigerant vapor generator heat absorption evaporation afterwards, steam advances turbine acting output shaft work, the generating of driving excitation generator, exhaust steam divides two-way through diversion three-way control valve: the liquid refrigerant that one tunnel intake and exhaust bleeder heater preheating comes from the working medium compression pump, other one the tunnel directly is mixed into heat supply water heater Heating Cyclic hot water with the refrigerant vapor that comes out from the exhaust bleeder heater, enter the coagulator condensation afterwards, flow into the working medium liquid container, finish a circulation; The 3rd loop is oven smoke evacuation pipeline, and flue gas enters heat recovery space, the integrated vacuum flat-plate heat collector of solar energy heating-heat recovery bottom, enters the hot water preheater afterwards to the backwater preheating, after the smoke exhaust fan pressurization drains into chimney; The 4th loop is the heat supply hot-water return, and the backwater that comes from hot user is delivered to the preheating of hot water preheater through waterback pump, enters the heating process that hot water heater is finished hot water afterwards; The 5th loop is organic Rankine recirculated cooling water loop, the cooling water that comes from cooling tower is delivered to organic Rankine circuit coagulator through cooling water circulating pump, finishes the condensing of cycle fluid exhaust steam, and returns the cooling tower water distributor afterwards, water-collecting tray at the bottom of combining in tower after the cooling is finished a circulation.
This power generation system is used normal pressure or low pressure (≤0.6MPa) solar energy system (or water, conduction oil or ionic liquid are made thermal fluid), solar thermal collector is the integrated vacuum flat-plate heat collector of solar energy heating-heat recovery of bottom band flue gas backheat measure);
This power generation system uses oven that thermal fluid is carried out concurrent heating (double heating), oven uses biomass fuel (or the fuel of being made by living beings, as biodiesel, living beings gasification combustible gas), fuel diesel, heavy oil, methyl alcohol, ethanol, methane, rock gas, coal gas, dimethyl ether;
The organic Rankine of this power generation system recycles propane (R290), pentafluoropropane (R245fa), pentane (R601), isopentane (R601a), pentane (C
5H
12), n-hexane (C
6H
14), butane (R600), isobutane (R600a), HFC-134a (R134a) and make cycle fluid by the mixed working fluid that these 9 kinds of pure working medium are formed;
This power generation system is provided with diversion three-way control valve on turbine exhaust steam pipeline, can regulate organic Rankine circuit exhaust backheat amount to the demand of heating demand according to the user.
Electrification technique as well as of the present invention is:
(1) according to the selected working medium of organic rankine cycle system and the kind of thermal fluid, generate output on demand and heating demand are equipped with and also install equipment and pipeline and accessories such as the integrated vacuum flat-plate heat collector of solar energy heating-heat recovery, oven, refrigerant vapor generator, thermal fluid recycle pump, working medium compression pump, exhaust bleeder heater, turbine, excitation generator, heat supply water heater, coagulator, hot water preheater, smoke exhaust fan, cooling tower;
(2), thermal fluid and cycle fluid metering are charged into separately in the circulation loop according to the charging amount of thermal fluid and organic Rankine circuit pipeline volume calculations thermal fluid and cycle fluid.
Working principle is:
The low temperature heat transfer fluid of after the heat release of organic Rankine cycle fluid steam generator, coming out, enter in the integrated vacuum flat-plate heat collector of solar energy heating-heat recovery through the pressurization of thermal fluid recycle pump, by the common preheating of the fume afterheat of the solar energy on top and bottom, enter oven and be heated into the higher thermal fluid of temperature once more, enter the refrigerant vapor generator, thermal fluid makes the working medium endothermic gasification become the into steam of turbine acting the working medium in the circulation of heat transferred organic Rankine in the refrigerant vapor generator; The organic working medium steam expands in turbine and exports shaft work, the generating of driving excitation generator, working medium exhaust steam after the expansion divides two-way through diversion three-way control valve: the liquid refrigerant that one tunnel intake and exhaust bleeder heater preheating comes from the working medium compression pump, other one the tunnel directly is mixed into heat supply water heater Heating Cyclic hot water with the refrigerant vapor that comes out from the exhaust bleeder heater, according to the user demand of heating demand is regulated the flow that organic Rankine circulation exhaust steam enters the exhaust bleeder heater, enter coagulator afterwards by the cooling water condensation of coming from cooling tower, flow into the working medium liquid container, again by the working medium circulating pump pressurized delivered to the exhaust bleeder heater, enter the refrigerant vapor generator after the preheating and absorb heat once more and flash to the steam of acting; Heat supplication and consumption matchmaker water backwater is delivered to the hot water preheater by waterback pump, enters after the preheating in the hot water heater to absorb turbine exhaust steam superheat section heat and be heated into heating agent and supply water, to user's heat supply; In order fully to reclaim the oven smoke exhaust heat, heat recovery space, the integrated vacuum flat-plate heat collector of special solar energy heating-heat recovery bottom is at first arrived in smoke evacuation, heat is passed to thermal fluid, enter the hot water preheater afterwards heat is passed to heat supply hot water, finish the waste heat of hot water.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) is converted into electric energy low density solar energy that can resource is very abundant and multiple low grade fuel-efficient, realizes heat supply simultaneously the user;
(2) greatly reduced cogeneration process ring harmful substances CO
X, SO
XGeneration and discharging;
(3) be convenient to realize personalized distributed heat chp system, be fit to some should not centrally connected power supply or the not enough area of power supply electric power is provided, as mountain area, pastoral area, fragmentary island, the farmers' of living scattered, remote geological park, to the high military base of power supply safety requirement etc.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is described in further detail, but they are not construed as limiting the invention.
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of technical solution of the present invention.
The name of each numbering is called among the figure: oven 1, the integrated vacuum flat-plate heat collector 2 of solar energy heating-heat recovery, thermal fluid recycle pump 3, refrigerant vapor generator 4, turbine (or decompressor) 5, excitation generator 6, diversion three-way control valve 7, exhaust bleeder heater 8, hot water heater 9, cooling tower 10, coagulator 11, cooling water circulating pump 12, working medium compression pump 13, hot water preheater 14, waterback pump 15, smoke exhaust fan 16.
Embodiment
Embodiment: build one low-temperature solar energy-biomass energy cogeneration family formula system in the area, Kunming, the motor output power is 10Kw, supplies 45～50 ℃ of health hot water 600l/d.
Heating plant of conduction oil adopts 100 integrated vacuum flat-plate heat collectors of solar energy heating-heat recovery, and heat-collecting area is 260m
2, the thermal-arrest plate is arranged in parallel in roofing by 4 rows, and positive south orientation becomes 27.9 ° inclination angle with horizontal plane.Oven fuel adopts combustible gas that stalk gasification stove produces, thermal fluid adopts the synthetic conduction oil Therminol VP-1 of the first promise of excellent stability, hot oil temperature after heating is 130 ℃, make organic Rankine circuit refrigerant vapor generator with plate type heat exchanger, conduction oil recycle pump LQRY65-40-160 high temperature oil pump, outlet--the order of the integrated vacuum flat-plate heat collector of solar energy heating-heat recovery 2--oven 1-refrigerant vapor generator 4--conduction oil recycle pump 3 imports installs oil-way system with brass tube by conduction oil recycle pump 3.
Organic Rankine cycle fluid pentafluoropropane (R245fa), decompressor adopts IT10 screw type decompressor, net power output is 10Kw, the expander inlet power pressure is 1.0MPa, 110 ℃ of temperature, exhaust bleeder heater, hot water heater, coagulator, refrigerant vapor generator all adopt plate type heat exchanger, and the working medium compression pump adopts high-pressure masked pump.Exporting by liquid container--the order of organic working medium compression pump 13--exhaust bleeder heater 8--refrigerant vapor generator 4-decompressor 5--exhaust bleeder heater 8--hot water heater 9--coagulator 11--liquid container import installs organic Rankine circuit working medium loop and required accessory with copper tube.
The PPR hot-water line is adopted in the heat supply water loop, by the order of waterback pump 15 outlet-hot water preheater 14-hot water heater 9-waterback pumps 15 imports heat supply water loop and required accessory is installed.
Selecting the cooling water circular flow for use is 20m
3The low form cooling tower LBCM-20 of/h, the cooling water circulating pump model is KQL50/100-1.1/2, cooling water pipeline adopts seamless steel pipe, by the order of cooling tower 10 outlet-cooling water circulating pump 12-coagulator 11-cooling towers 10 imports chilled(cooling) water return (CWR) and required accessory is installed.
The oven gas exhaust duct is welded with the 2mm hot rolling steel plate, is the Steel Stack of 300mm with diameter.By oven 1 smoke outlet--the order of the integrated vacuum flat-plate heat collector of solar energy heating-heat recovery 2-hot water preheater 14-smoke exhaust fan 16-chimney installs flue gas pipeline.
Above all devices equipment part is pressed Fig. 1 and is connected, and after the installation, the nitrogen that carries out pipeline purges, and organic rankine cycle system is vacuumized.And in respective line, charge into R245fa, conduction oil and tap water respectively on request.
Claims (5)
1. low-temperature solar energy-biomass energy cogeneration system, it is characterized in that this system comprises: the thermal fluid circulation loop, organic Rankine circuit working medium circulation loop, oven smoke evacuation pipeline, the heat supply hot-water return, organic Rankine circuit chilled(cooling) water return (CWR) is for the thermal fluid concurrent heating or make the oven of standby heat source, the integrated vacuum flat-plate heat collector of solar energy heating-heat recovery of hot measure is taken back in the bottom
Described thermal fluid circulation loop is as follows: the low temperature heat transfer fluid of coming out from organic Rankine cycle fluid steam generator (4), enter preheating in the integrated vacuum flat-plate heat collector of solar energy heating-heat recovery (2) through thermal fluid recycle pump (3) pressurization, entering oven (1) again is heated into the higher thermal fluid of temperature and enters refrigerant vapor generator (4), with the working medium in the circulation of heat transferred organic Rankine, make working medium finish the evaporation gasification;
Organic Rankine circuit working medium circulation loop is as follows: the liquid working substance that comes out from liquid-storage container is forced into evaporating pressure through working medium compression pump (13), enter preheating in the exhaust bleeder heater (8), enter refrigerant vapor generator (4) heat absorption evaporation afterwards, steam advances turbo-expander (5) acting output shaft work, drive excitation generator (6) generating, exhaust steam divides two-way through diversion three-way control valve: the liquid refrigerant that one tunnel intake and exhaust bleeder heater (8) preheating comes from the working medium compression pump, other one the tunnel directly is mixed into heat supply water heater (9) Heating Cyclic hot water with the refrigerant vapor that comes out from exhaust bleeder heater (8), enter coagulator (11) condensation afterwards, flow into the working medium liquid container, finish a circulation;
Oven smoke evacuation pipeline is as follows: flue gas enters heat recovery space, the integrated vacuum flat-plate heat collector of solar energy heating-heat recovery (2) bottom, enters hot water preheater (14) afterwards to the backwater preheating, after smoke exhaust fan (16) pressurization drains into chimney;
The heat supply hot-water return is: the backwater that comes from hot user is delivered to hot water preheater (14) preheating through waterback pump (15), enters the heating process that hot water heater (9) is finished hot water afterwards;
Organic Rankine circuit chilled(cooling) water return (CWR) is: the cooling water that comes from cooling tower (10) is delivered to organic Rankine circuit coagulator (11) through cooling water circulating pump (12), finish condensing to the cycle fluid exhaust steam, return cooling tower (10) water distributor afterwards, water-collecting tray at the bottom of combining in tower after the cooling is finished a circulation.
2. low-temperature solar energy as claimed in claim 1-biomass energy cogeneration system, it is characterized in that: the fuel that the oven that this system adopts uses biomass fuel or made by living beings, as biodiesel, living beings gasification combustible gas, fuel diesel, heavy oil, methyl alcohol, ethanol, methane, rock gas, coal gas or dimethyl ether.
3. low-temperature solar energy as claimed in claim 1-biomass energy cogeneration system is characterized in that: it is that R290, pentafluoropropane are that R245fa, pentane are that R601, isopentane are that R601a, pentane are C that this system's organic Rankine recycles propane
5H
12, n-hexane is C
6H
14, butane is that R600, isobutane are that R600a or HFC-134a are R134a and make cycle fluid by two or more mixed working fluid of forming in these 9 kinds of pure working medium.
4. low-temperature solar energy as claimed in claim 1-biomass energy cogeneration system is characterized in that: this system's thermal fluid uses conduction oil, ionic liquid or water.
5. low-temperature solar energy as claimed in claim 1-biomass energy cogeneration system is characterized in that: this system is provided with diversion three-way control valve in the turbine exhaust, can regulate exhaust backheat amount to the demand of heating load according to hot user.
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