Background technique
China is the maximum country of world population, and the national economic development faces the dual-pressure of resource and environment.Take temperature from fossil energy resource per capita, coal resources have only 60% of world average level, and oil has only 10% of world average level, and rock gas has only 5%.From production of energy and consumption, at present China has become second largest in the world production of energy state and second largest energy-consuming state, and it is very serious to produce and use the environmental pollution that fossil energy causes in a large number.
Solar energy resources is abundant, and is inexhaustible, nexhaustible; The restriction of no region can directly develop, utilize, and need not exploit and transport; Development and use solar energy can not cause any pollution to environment, is one of clean energy resource; But solar radiation is dispersed strong, and energy flux density is lower, must be by collecting and conversion equipment just can obtain the energy of certain power.
Existingly can be on a large scale solar energy converting be comprised mainly that for the technology of the available energy form of industry solar photovoltaic technology and solar light-heat power-generation are technological.Wherein, solar light-heat power-generation techniques make use light and heat collection systematic collection solar radiant energy is translated into heat energy; Solar energy at first heats the high temperature heat-carrying agent; High temperature heat-carrying working medium is heated into superheated vapor through heat exchange with water then, in conjunction with other process system, reaches the purpose of heat supply, steam supply and generating; Can also use in this solar energy utilization system medium such as fused salt with solar energy through the stores of energy storage subtense angle with heat energy, discharge again when needing.Existing solar light-heat power-generation equipment mainly contains paraboloid trough type, thermal-arrest is tower and three kinds of parabolic dish formulas, can accomplish the conversion of solar radiation collection and photo-thermal efficiently.At present, the technology maturity of slot type is the highest, and tower, dish formula is taken second place.In recent years, research and the exemplary test of China aspect solar energy optical-thermal also obtained remarkable progress, and the localization rate of parts and components of photothermal power generation equipment progressively improves.
Yet stochastic factor such as the restriction of natural condition such as the collection of solar energy has received round the clock, season, latitude and altitude and fine, cloudy, cloud, rain, the problem of the discontinuous and poor stability of solar radiation can't overcome all the time.In traditional solar light-heat power-generation system, generator set plays machine, shutdown in afternoon in sun-drenched morning on date, goes round and begins again; Shut down in the moon, rain, snow, sand and dust sky, and year power generating equipment is utilized hour less than 2500 hours; Can't realize generating electricity continuously and stably and heat supply.Because frequent rising shut down, the life consumption of power generating equipment is greater than continuous operation unit; Unit generation efficient is lower than the continuous operation unit of same capacity, parameter.And, when heat collecting field is out of service, need extra facility that heat-conducting work medium and energy storage working medium are carried out anti-frost protection at cold area.
Summary of the invention
For solar light-heat power-generation system existing problems in practical application of being mentioned above solving, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a kind of solar energy and conventional boiler cogeneration heating system.This system comprises:
Piping is switched in solar energy light gathering and heat collecting subtense angle, conventional boiler, power generation and heat supply subtense angle and superheated vapor parallel connection; Wherein solar energy light gathering and heat collecting subtense angle and conventional boiler produce superheated vapor respectively; The superheated vapor that is produced all switches piping through described superheated vapor parallel connection to be provided to the power generation and heat supply subtense angle, and said power generation and heat supply subtense angle can be to produce electric energy or heat supply in generating separately.
Wherein, described sun can comprise solar energy light gathering and heat collecting subtense angle, high temperature heat-carrying refrigerant heat transfer subtense angle and steam generation subtense angle by the photo-thermal subtense angle, can also comprise or not comprise the energy storage subtense angle; Described power generation and heat supply subtense angle comprises steam turbine and generator, is supplied to steam turbine from the superheated vapor of solar energy light gathering and heat collecting subtense angle and/or conventional boiler, and the rotation of Steam Turbine Driven generator produces electric energy.
In above-mentioned solar energy and conventional boiler cogeneration heating system, the steam generator parallel connection in conventional boiler and the solar energy light gathering and heat collecting subtense angle, switching realize the uninterruptable power generation and the heat supply of system to the steam turbine steam supply.Wherein, the steam pushing turbine rotates, and drives the generator amature rotation and produces electric energy; Extracted steam from turbine or steam discharge then can be used for heating and factory steam.
Conventional boiler in the utility model is meant the boiler that uses fossil fuel, can mix patterns such as burning stove for pulverized coal fired boiler, circulating fluidized bed boiler, grate furnace, oil fired furnace, gas range or pluralities of fuel; Wherein, the fossil fuel in the utility model mainly refers to coal, petroliferous shale, oil, rock gas, also comprises with the fossil fuel being the derived fuels such as blast furnace gas that raw material generates.
The associating power supplying and heating system of the utility model has utilized reproducible solar energy resources just to greatest extent, has reduced pollutant emission, has reduced the consumption of fossil fuel, has practiced thrift primary energy; Overcome through the switching between the parallel system again that solar energy is discontinuous, the problem of poor stability, realized photo-thermal solar electrical energy generation, heating system continuously, stable operation.And; Conventional boiler and steam turbine can also provide the high temperature tracing steam; As system's anti-frost protection, need not use extra facility that heat-conducting work medium in the solar energy optical-thermal system and energy storage working medium are carried out anti-frost protection, thereby simplify system, reduced investment.
Embodiment
Further elaboration is done by system below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 1 and 2 pairs of the utility model of accompanying drawing.
Shown in the schematic diagram of accompanying drawing 1; The system of the utility model adopts steam generation subtense angle (S03) and the parallelly connected switchover operation of conventional boiler (S04) in the solar energy light gathering and heat collecting subtense angle; Unite to steam turbine (S05) steam supply, steam turbine (S05) drives generator (S07) generating then; The thermal source of steam generation subtense angle (S03) is from solar energy light gathering and heat collecting system (S01) and energy storage subtense angle (S02); Wherein, In solar energy light gathering and heat collecting system (S01), at first utilize the irradiation of the sun that high temperature heat-carrying worker is added caloic; High temperature heat-carrying working medium gets into steam generation subtense angle (S03) through energy storage subtense angle (S02) back, and produces steam in steam generation subtense angle (S03) and water generation heat exchange.
More cheer and bright for the purpose, technological scheme and the advantage that make the utility model, below in conjunction with the system flow chart of accompanying drawing 2 each subtense angle is discussed in detail:
1, solar energy light gathering and heat collecting subtense angle (201)
Above-mentioned solar energy light gathering and heat collecting subtense angle is meant and utilizes focusing system to collect solar radiant energy heating high temperature heat-carrying working medium that high temperature heat-carrying working medium is with heat delivery to energy storage subtense angle (202) and steam generator (204) then.This high temperature heat-carrying working medium can be that conduction oil also can be other heat conduction carriers that those skilled in the art are familiar with.
Solar energy optical-thermal light and heat collection subtense angle comprises:
A: groove type solar light and heat collection system (condenser, tracker and vacuum thermal-arrest pipe); A plurality of grooved parabolic concentrator heat collectors focus on direct sunlight through the arrangement of series and parallel; The high temperature heat-conducting work medium of heating, vacuum heat collecting pipe the inside is realized the photo-thermal conversion.
B: tower type solar light and heat collection system (heliostat field, tower and heat absorber); The heliostat field is accepted and the gathering solar radiant energy; And the solar radiation energy of assembling reflexed to the heat absorber that is positioned cat head, the high temperature heat-conducting work medium in the heating heat absorber is realized the photo-thermal conversion.
The light and heat collection system of c, dish formula or other form.
2, high temperature heat-carrying refrigerant heat transfer subtense angle
Above-mentioned high temperature heat-carrying refrigerant heat transfer subtense angle will be through the high temperature heat-conducting work medium of solar energy light gathering and heat collecting subtense angle (201) heating after heat collecting field recycle pump (203) boosts; Get into energy storage subtense angle (202); Portion of energy is stored the back get into steam generator (204) heat exchange, return light and heat collection system (201) then.
3, energy storage subtense angle (202)
Above-mentioned energy storage subtense angle comprises high and low temperature working medium reservoir, the high and low temperature working medium pump, and energy storage heat exchanger, the high temperature heat-carrying working medium of light and heat collection system output is boosted through heat collecting field recycle pump (203) and is got into energy storage heat exchanger and carry out the storage and the release of energy.Thermal energy storage process is that energy storage working medium with the low temperature reservoir is stored in the high temperature reservoir after through cryogenic fluid pump, energy storage heat exchanger heat exchange, and in this process, heat-carrying working medium temperature reduces the back and gets into steam generator (204); Exothermic process is that the energy storage working medium of high temperature reservoir is stored in the low temperature reservoir after through high temperature refrigerant pump, energy storage heat exchanger heat exchange, and in this process, the heat-carrying working medium temperature back that raises gets into steam generator (204).The energy storage working medium here can be high-temperature molten salt or other energy storage carriers that those skilled in the art were familiar with.
Because the energy-storage system technical sophistication of photo-thermal solar energy, initial cost height when Technological Economy is more unreasonable, are not provided with the protection domain that the energy storage subtense angle also belongs to the utility model.
4, steam generator (204)
The feedwater that power generation system is come gets into steam generator, under the heating of high temperature heat-carrying working medium, becomes superheated vapor by unsaturated water, gets into the generating of power generation and heat supply subtense angle then.
5, conventional boiler (301)
Conventional boiler comprises that pulverized coal fired boiler, circulating fluidized bed boiler, grate furnace, oil fired furnace, gas range or pluralities of fuel mix the boiler that uses fossil fuel that burns patterns such as stove.
6, power generation and heat supply subtense angle
The power generation and heat supply subtense angle comprises steam turbine (101) and generator (102).From the superheated vapor parallel connection switchover operation of photo-thermal solar energy system steam generator and conventional boiler, supply with the power generation and heat supply subtense angle; Steam turbine (101) drives generator (102) rotation and produces electric energy.When system generated electricity merely, steam turbine (101) can be a condensed steam type; During heat supply, steam turbine is a cogeneration units when system generates electricity, can make the condensed steam type that draws gas, back pressure type or back pressure type draw gas.
The drawing gas more than at least one section or one section of steam turbine (101), the vapour source that steam turbine (101) steam discharge both can be used as thermotropism user steam supply also can be used as the thermal source of heat supply; Both can be used as the thermal source of secondary net heat supply, also can be used as the thermal source of rough vacuum circulating water heating.Can confirm the combination of drawing gas of steam turbine according to hot user's demands of different.
7, piping is switched in the superheated vapor parallel connection
The pipeline and necessary valve that piping comprises the steam circulation switched in the superheated vapor parallel connection.Piping is switched in said superheated vapor parallel connection; Associating through photo-thermal solar energy and conventional boiler; Realize light and heat collection system, energy storage device and conventional boiler parallel connection switching generating, heat supply; Guarantee continuous, the stable and safety of generating and heat supply, improve the renewable and clean energy resource utilization ratio to greatest extent, reduce fossil energy consumption, reduce pollutant emission.
The cogeneration heating system of the utility model when actual motion, by day or the sun-drenched period can utilize photo-thermal solar energy light gathering and heat collecting system (201) to make steam generator (204) that superheated vapor is provided; At night or overcast and rainy; Can pay the utmost attention to energy storage subtense angle (202) heat release continues by steam generator (204) superheated vapor to be provided; When energy storage subtense angle (202) can't provide enough energy; The photo-thermal solar energy system is stopped transport, and to steam turbine (101) superheated vapor is provided by conventional boiler.
Through the switching between the above-mentioned parallel system, overcome effectively that solar energy is discontinuous, the problem of poor stability.Except above-mentioned alternate run mode, photo-thermal solar energy and conventional boiler can also cooperations, for generating, heating system together provide steam, and the deficiency of steam flow when remedying single use photo-thermal solar energy.
All are provided with above-mentioned partly or entirely similar, similar or approximate system and all belong to the utility model protection domain; Any modification of within the design philosophy of the utility model and principle, being made, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., also all should be included within the protection domain of the utility model.