CN203114542U - Organic Rankine cycle combined heat and power generation system with complementary solar energy and biomass energy - Google Patents
Organic Rankine cycle combined heat and power generation system with complementary solar energy and biomass energy Download PDFInfo
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/46—Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/14—Combined heat and power generation [CHP]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
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- Y02P20/133—Renewable energy sources, e.g. sunlight
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Abstract
一种太阳能和生物质能互补有机朗肯循环热电联产系统，包括：有机工质蒸发器、循环泵、循环流化床生物质气化炉、抛物面槽式太阳能集热器、汽轮机、发电机、余热换热器、冷凝器，所述循环流化床生物质气化炉与抛物面槽式太阳能集热器采取并联的耦合方式，该系统各部件的连接关系如下：从有机工质蒸发器中流出的低温换热流体经循环泵后，分为两部分，一部分到循环流化床生物质气化炉中吸热，另一部分经抛物面槽式太阳能集热器加热，当被加热的换热流体达到生物质气化炉出口的设定参数后进入有机工质蒸发器，在其中对有机工质进行放热，被加热的有机工质达到额定参数后到汽轮机做功，从而驱动发电机发电，汽轮机的排气经余热换热器放热，再经冷凝器冷凝后返回有机工质蒸发器，完成整个热力循环。
A solar energy and biomass energy complementary organic Rankine cycle cogeneration system, including: organic working medium evaporator, circulation pump, circulating fluidized bed biomass gasifier, parabolic trough solar collector, steam turbine, generator , waste heat heat exchanger, condenser, the circulating fluidized bed biomass gasifier and the parabolic trough solar collector adopt a parallel coupling mode, and the connection relationship of each component of the system is as follows: from the organic working medium evaporator The low-temperature heat exchange fluid flowing out is divided into two parts after passing through the circulating pump, one part absorbs heat in the circulating fluidized bed biomass gasifier, and the other part is heated by the parabolic trough solar collector, when the heated heat exchange fluid After reaching the set parameters at the outlet of the biomass gasifier, it enters the organic working medium evaporator, where the organic working medium is exothermic. After the heated organic working medium reaches the rated parameters, it goes to the steam turbine to do work, thereby driving the generator to generate electricity. The steam turbine The exhaust gas passes through the waste heat exchanger to release heat, and then returns to the organic working fluid evaporator after being condensed by the condenser, completing the entire thermodynamic cycle.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本实用新型涉及基于有机朗肯循环的太阳能和生物质能综合互补热电系统，特别涉及抛物面槽式太阳能集热器与循环流化床生物质气化炉采用并联的耦合方式，属于可再生能源利用领域。The utility model relates to a comprehensive complementary thermoelectric system of solar energy and biomass energy based on an organic Rankine cycle, in particular to a parabolic trough solar heat collector and a circulating fluidized bed biomass gasification furnace adopting a parallel coupling mode, which belongs to the utilization of renewable energy field.
背景技术 Background technique
在我国，火电机组承担着约80%的发电量，每年消耗的煤炭占总消耗量近50%，以煤为主的能源结构使我国面临严峻的资源环境问题，因此寻求新的可替代能源是现阶段亟待解决的能源战略问题。近年来，新能源因其可再生、无污染等优势而引起了广泛的关注，对我国调整能源结构、促进可再生能源利用以及建设低碳社会将产生重大的意义。In my country, thermal power units are responsible for about 80% of the power generation, and the annual coal consumption accounts for nearly 50% of the total consumption. The coal-based energy structure makes my country face severe resource and environmental problems. Therefore, it is important to seek new alternative energy sources. Energy strategy issues that need to be resolved urgently at this stage. In recent years, new energy has attracted widespread attention due to its renewable and non-polluting advantages, which will have great significance for my country's adjustment of energy structure, promotion of renewable energy utilization, and construction of a low-carbon society.
我国拥有十分丰富的太阳能资源，陆地表面每年大约可接受50×1018kJ的太阳能，西藏是太阳能最丰富的地区，年辐射量达9210MJ/m2，仅次于撒哈拉沙漠，居世界第二位。目前太阳能的利用主要有光伏和光热2种方式，但高额的投资和发电成本已经严重阻碍了其发展，据国际能源署预测，太阳能热发电是发电成本最有希望接近燃煤发电机组的技术，在美国已有9座太阳能热发电系统投入运营，其总装机容量达354MW，单系统最大装机容量达80MW，是世界上最大的太阳能热发电系统。研究表明，模块化槽式有机朗肯循环系统可能是风险最小且投资回报效益最高的太阳能热发电技术，采用抛物面槽式太阳能集热器直接蒸汽产生系统可使工质参数达到400℃，具有良好的发展前景。China has very rich solar energy resources, and the land surface can receive about 50×10 18 kJ of solar energy every year. Tibet is the region with the most abundant solar energy, with an annual radiation of 9210MJ/m 2 , ranking second in the world after the Sahara Desert. . At present, there are mainly two ways of solar energy utilization: photovoltaic and solar thermal, but high investment and power generation costs have seriously hindered its development. According to the forecast of the International Energy Agency, solar thermal power generation is the most promising way to generate power close to coal-fired power generation units. Nine solar thermal power generation systems have been put into operation in the United States, with a total installed capacity of 354MW and a single system with a maximum installed capacity of 80MW, making it the largest solar thermal power generation system in the world. Studies have shown that the modular trough organic Rankine cycle system may be the solar thermal power generation technology with the least risk and the highest return on investment. The direct steam generation system using parabolic trough solar collectors can make the working fluid parameters reach 400 ° C, which has good development prospects.
生物质能是继煤炭、石油、天然气之后的全球第四大能源，据统计，我国生物质资源生产潜力可达650亿吨/年，折合33亿吨标准煤，但目前利用程度只有2%左右，可开发潜力巨大。在生物质能发电领域中，采用有机工质的朗肯循环比采用水蒸汽为工质的郎肯循环表现出更高的性能，同时由于其CO2净排放量近似为0，具有良好的环保效益，对我国减排CO2具有重要意义。Biomass energy is the fourth largest energy in the world after coal, oil, and natural gas. According to statistics, the production potential of biomass resources in my country can reach 65 billion tons per year, equivalent to 3.3 billion tons of standard coal, but the current utilization rate is only about 2%. , which can be developed with great potential. In the field of biomass power generation, the Rankine cycle using organic working fluid has higher performance than the Rankine cycle using steam as working fluid. At the same time, because its net CO2 emission is approximately 0, it has good environmental protection. It is of great significance to reduce CO2 emissions in China.
目前，太阳能和生物质能综合互补发电系统主要存在以下不足：At present, the integrated complementary power generation system of solar energy and biomass mainly has the following deficiencies:
一、对于太阳能和生物质能互补发电系统循环工质的选择，中国实用新型专利：一种太阳能和生物质能综合互补的联合热发电系统，专利号为：201019026107.2，该专利采用水为朗肯循环工质，水的沸点和气化潜热都比有机工质高，因此对太阳能集热器和生物质能气化装置的工作强度要求高，系统比较复杂。1. For the selection of circulating working medium for solar energy and biomass energy complementary power generation system, Chinese utility model patent: a combined thermal power generation system with comprehensive complementary solar energy and biomass energy, the patent number is: 201019026107.2, the patent uses water as Rankine The boiling point and latent heat of vaporization of circulating working fluids are higher than those of organic working fluids, so the requirements for the working intensity of solar collectors and biomass energy gasification devices are high, and the system is relatively complicated.
二、太阳能和生物质能采取串联的耦合方式而不是并联，中国实用新型专利：低温太阳能-生物质能热电联供系统，专利号为：201010237550.7，该专利中太阳能集热器选取真空平板式，传热工质经真空平板式太阳能集热器预热后送入生物质气化炉中继续吸热，因两者采用串联的集成方式，在生物质气化炉出现故障的情况系统无法正常运行，安全性不高。2. Solar energy and biomass energy are coupled in series instead of in parallel. Chinese utility model patent: low-temperature solar energy-biomass energy cogeneration system, patent number: 201010237550.7. In this patent, the solar collector adopts a vacuum flat plate type. The heat transfer medium is preheated by the vacuum flat-plate solar collector and sent to the biomass gasifier to continue absorbing heat. Because the two are integrated in series, the system cannot operate normally when the biomass gasifier fails. , the security is not high.
实用新型内容 Utility model content
本实用新型综合利用太阳能和生物质能两种新能源进行互补发电，可有效弥补背景技术中的缺陷，采用抛物面槽式太阳能集热器，并且与循环流化床生物质气化炉进行并联的耦合方式，这种集成方式可确保在循环流化床生物质气化炉或者抛物面槽式太阳能集热器发生故障时系统仍可正常运行，安全性能高。另外采用有机物作为朗肯循环的工质，因其沸点低、潜热小，从而可有效降低太阳能集热器和循环流化床生物质气化炉的工作强度。另外，我国拥有十分丰富的太阳能和生物质能资源，并且其CO2净排放量近似为0，因此本实用新型可作为促进新能源大规模利用以及调整能源结构的一个创新。The utility model comprehensively utilizes two new energy sources of solar energy and biomass energy for complementary power generation, which can effectively make up for the defects in the background technology, adopts a parabolic trough solar heat collector, and is connected in parallel with a circulating fluidized bed biomass gasification furnace Coupling method, this integrated method can ensure that the system can still operate normally when the circulating fluidized bed biomass gasifier or the parabolic trough solar collector fails, and has high safety performance. In addition, organic matter is used as the working medium of the Rankine cycle, because of its low boiling point and low latent heat, which can effectively reduce the working intensity of solar collectors and circulating fluidized bed biomass gasifiers. In addition, China has very rich solar energy and biomass energy resources, and its net CO 2 emission is approximately 0, so the utility model can be used as an innovation to promote large-scale utilization of new energy and adjust energy structure.
本实用新型太阳能和生物质能互补有机朗肯循环热电联产系统包括:有机工质蒸发器、循环泵、循环流化床生物质气化炉、抛物面槽式太阳能集热器、汽轮机、发电机、余热换热器、冷凝器，所述循环流化床生物质气化炉与抛物面槽式太阳能集热器采取并联的耦合方式，该系统各部件的连接关系如下：从有机工质蒸发器中流出的低温换热流体经循环泵后，分为两部分，一部分到循环流化床生物质气化炉中吸热，另一部分经抛物面槽式太阳能集热器加热，当被加热的换热流体达到生物质气化炉出口的设定参数后进入有机工质蒸发器，在其中对有机工质进行放热，被加热的有机工质达到额定参数后到汽轮机做功，从而驱动发电机发电，汽轮机的排气经余热换热器放热，再经冷凝器冷凝后返回有机工质蒸发器，完成整个热力循环。The utility model solar energy and biomass energy complementary organic Rankine cycle cogeneration system includes: organic working medium evaporator, circulation pump, circulating fluidized bed biomass gasification furnace, parabolic trough solar heat collector, steam turbine, generator , a waste heat exchanger, a condenser, the circulating fluidized bed biomass gasifier and the parabolic trough solar collector adopt a parallel coupling mode, and the connection relationship of each component of the system is as follows: from the organic working medium evaporator The low-temperature heat exchange fluid flowing out is divided into two parts after passing through the circulating pump, one part absorbs heat in the circulating fluidized bed biomass gasifier, and the other part is heated by the parabolic trough solar collector, when the heated heat exchange fluid After reaching the set parameters at the outlet of the biomass gasifier, it enters the organic working medium evaporator, where the organic working medium is exothermic. After the heated organic working medium reaches the rated parameters, it goes to the steam turbine to do work, thereby driving the generator to generate electricity. The steam turbine The exhaust gas passes through the waste heat exchanger to release heat, and then returns to the organic working medium evaporator after being condensed by the condenser to complete the entire thermodynamic cycle.
进一步，所述低温换热流体经循环泵后，经三通分流调节阀分为两部分。Further, the low-temperature heat exchange fluid is divided into two parts by a three-way diverter regulating valve after passing through a circulation pump.
进一步，所述抛物面槽式太阳能集热器采用直接蒸汽产生系统。Further, the parabolic trough solar collector adopts a direct steam generation system.
进一步，被加热的换热流体达到设定参数后经三通分流调节阀混合进入有机工质蒸发器中。Further, after the heated heat exchange fluid reaches the set parameter, it is mixed into the organic working medium evaporator through the three-way diversion regulating valve.
进一步，所述余热换热器放出的热量被循环水泵的给水吸收。Further, the heat released by the waste heat exchanger is absorbed by the feed water of the circulating water pump.
进一步，所述有机工质选取R245FA（1,1,1,3,3-五氟丙烷）、R365MFC（ 1，1，1，3，3-五氟丁烷）、R245CA（ 1,1,2,2,3-五氟丙烷）、正戊烷、R410A（五氟乙烷）、R600A（异丁烷）、R32（二氟甲烷）、正己烷和甲苯单质或其任意组合的混合物。Further, the organic working fluid is selected from R245FA (1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane), R365MFC (1,1,1,3,3-pentafluorobutane), R245CA (1,1,2 ,2,3-pentafluoropropane), n-pentane, R410A (pentafluoroethane), R600A (isobutane), R32 (difluoromethane), n-hexane and toluene or any combination thereof.
进一步，所述低温换热流体是水。Further, the low temperature heat exchange fluid is water.
本实用新型综合利用太阳能、生物质能两种新能源作为有机工质蒸发器的热源，可促进新能源大规模利用、调整能源结构以及发展低碳经济，主要有以下二个方面的优点：The utility model comprehensively utilizes solar energy and biomass energy as the heat source of the organic working medium evaporator, which can promote large-scale utilization of new energy, adjust energy structure and develop low-carbon economy, and mainly has the following two advantages:
一、循环流化床生物质气化炉与抛物面槽式太阳能集热器采取并联的耦合方式，在白天辐射条件较好的情况下，换热流体主要是经过抛物面槽式太阳能集热器加热，抛物面槽式太阳能集热器属于中温太阳能热利用范围，因成本低、技术成熟而获得了较为广泛的应用。其出口蒸汽温度可达400℃，完全可满足有机工质所需要的蒸发温度，因此在循环流化床生物质气化炉4出现故障的情况下只需从三通分流调节阀处切断进入生物质气化炉的换热流体，系统便仍可正常运行，相对于生物质气化炉与太阳能集热器串联的耦合方式，并联的集成方式安全性更高。1. The circulating fluidized bed biomass gasifier and the parabolic trough solar collector are coupled in parallel. In the case of good radiation conditions during the day, the heat exchange fluid is mainly heated by the parabolic trough solar collector. The parabolic trough solar collector belongs to the range of medium-temperature solar thermal utilization, and has been widely used because of its low cost and mature technology. The temperature of the outlet steam can reach 400°C, which can fully meet the evaporation temperature required by the organic working medium. Therefore, in the case of failure of the circulating fluidized
二、传统朗肯循环采用水为循环工质，本实用新型有机朗肯循环则采用有机物为循环工质。与水相比，有机工质的沸点低、潜热小，因而更适合用于中、低温发电，能大幅降低抛物面槽式太阳能集热器及循环流化床生物质气化炉的工作强度，利于系统安全稳定运行。考虑到有机工质的环保性能及做功能力，本实用新型的有机工质选取R245FA、R365MFC、R245CA、正戊烷、R410A、R600A、R32、正己烷及甲苯9种有机工质单质或其任意组合的混合物。2. The traditional Rankine cycle uses water as the circulating working medium, while the organic Rankine cycle of the utility model uses organic matter as the circulating working medium. Compared with water, organic working fluid has a lower boiling point and lower latent heat, so it is more suitable for medium and low temperature power generation, and can greatly reduce the working intensity of parabolic trough solar collectors and circulating fluidized bed biomass gasifiers, which is beneficial to The system runs safely and stably. Considering the environmental protection performance and working ability of the organic working medium, the organic working medium of the present invention selects 9 kinds of organic working medium simple substances such as R245FA, R365MFC, R245CA, n-pentane, R410A, R600A, R32, n-hexane and toluene or any of them. Combined mixture.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1为本实用新型太阳能和生物质能互补有机朗肯循环热电联产系统示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a complementary organic Rankine cycle cogeneration system of solar energy and biomass energy of the present invention.
图中：1有机工质蒸发器，2循环泵，3三通分流调节阀，4循环流化床生物质气化炉，5抛物面槽式太阳能集热器，6三通分流调节阀，7汽轮机，8发电机，9余热换热器，10循环水泵，11冷凝器。In the figure: 1 Organic working fluid evaporator, 2 Circulating pump, 3 Three-way diverter regulating valve, 4 Circulating fluidized bed biomass gasifier, 5 Parabolic trough solar collector, 6 Three-way diverter regulating valve, 7 Steam turbine , 8 generators, 9 waste heat exchangers, 10 circulating water pumps, 11 condensers.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
下面结合附图，对本实用新型进一步详细说明。Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is described in further detail.
图1为本实用新型太阳能和生物质能互补有机朗肯循环热电联产系统示意图。所述发电系统由蒸发器、循环泵、循环流化床生物质气化炉、抛物面槽式太阳能集热器、汽轮机、发电机、余热换热器、冷凝器组成，该系统的工艺流程为：从有机工质蒸发器1中流出的低温换热流体（可为水、等离子体以及油等介质，本实用新型选取水为换热流体）经循环泵2后，在三通分流调节阀3处分为两部分，一部分到循环流化床生物质气化炉4中吸热，另一部分经抛物面槽式太阳能集热器5加热，抛物面槽式太阳能集热器5采用直接蒸汽产生系统，当经其加热的流体达到生物质气化炉4出口设定的流体参数后在三通分流调节阀6处混合，然后进入有机工质蒸发器1中放热，有机工质蒸发器1中的有机工质吸热达到额定参数后到汽轮机7做功，从而驱动发电机8发电，汽轮机7的排气经余热换热器9放热，热用户的给水经循环水泵10后到余热换热器9中吸热，产生一定温度的热水供热用户使用，余热换热器9的排气经冷凝器11冷凝后返回有机工质蒸发器1，完成整个热力循环。循环流化床生物质气化炉4与抛物面槽式太阳能集热器5采取并联的耦合方式，在白天太阳辐射条件较好的情况下，可调节三通分流调节阀3增大进入抛物面槽式太阳能集热器5的换热流体流量，减少进入循环流化床生物质气化炉4的换热流体流量，减轻其工作负荷；在夜晚则调整三通分流调节阀3使换热流体全部经过循环流化床生物质气化炉4加热，达到额定参数后经三通分流调节阀6到有机工质蒸发器1中对有机工质放热。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a complementary organic Rankine cycle cogeneration system of solar energy and biomass energy of the present invention. The power generation system consists of an evaporator, a circulating pump, a circulating fluidized bed biomass gasifier, a parabolic trough solar collector, a steam turbine, a generator, a waste heat exchanger, and a condenser. The process flow of the system is as follows: The low-temperature heat exchange fluid flowing out of the organic working medium evaporator 1 (which can be water, plasma, oil and other media, the utility model selects water as the heat exchange fluid) passes through the circulation pump 2, and then is disposed at the three-way
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103147945A (en) * | 2013-02-07 | 2013-06-12 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Solar power and biomass power complementing organic Rankine cycle cogeneration system |
| CN103410579A (en) * | 2013-08-23 | 2013-11-27 | 东南大学 | Device for improving generating efficiency of organic rankine cycle and working method |
| CN104673342A (en) * | 2015-01-27 | 2015-06-03 | 华北电力大学 | Low-order coal quality improvement and power generation integrated system based on solar energy and coal gasification combination |
| CN105464914A (en) * | 2015-12-17 | 2016-04-06 | 广东五星太阳能股份有限公司 | A Direct Expansion Solar Thermal Power Generation System Based on Cascade Rankine Cycle |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103147945A (en) * | 2013-02-07 | 2013-06-12 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Solar power and biomass power complementing organic Rankine cycle cogeneration system |
| CN103147945B (en) * | 2013-02-07 | 2014-12-10 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Solar power and biomass power complementing organic Rankine cycle cogeneration system |
| CN103410579A (en) * | 2013-08-23 | 2013-11-27 | 东南大学 | Device for improving generating efficiency of organic rankine cycle and working method |
| CN103410579B (en) * | 2013-08-23 | 2015-08-19 | 东南大学 | A kind of device for improving organic Rankine bottoming cycle generating efficiency and method of work |
| CN104673342A (en) * | 2015-01-27 | 2015-06-03 | 华北电力大学 | Low-order coal quality improvement and power generation integrated system based on solar energy and coal gasification combination |
| CN105464914A (en) * | 2015-12-17 | 2016-04-06 | 广东五星太阳能股份有限公司 | A Direct Expansion Solar Thermal Power Generation System Based on Cascade Rankine Cycle |
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