CN101942552B - Aging treatment method of large-size circular magnetic steel part precision magnetic field - Google Patents
Aging treatment method of large-size circular magnetic steel part precision magnetic field Download PDFInfo
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- CN101942552B CN101942552B CN2010105096708A CN201010509670A CN101942552B CN 101942552 B CN101942552 B CN 101942552B CN 2010105096708 A CN2010105096708 A CN 2010105096708A CN 201010509670 A CN201010509670 A CN 201010509670A CN 101942552 B CN101942552 B CN 101942552B
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Abstract
The invention relates to an aging treatment method of a large-size circular magnetic steel part precision magnetic field, belonging to the field of heat treatment and solving the problem of poor magnetic property evenness of a large-size part by adopting a traditional heat treatment method. The method of the invention comprises the following steps of: (1) treating a solid solution; (2) heating a heat treatment furnace to an aging treatment design temperature of 620-660 DEG C and keeping the temperature for 10-20 min; (3) mounting a magnet-conductive clamp on the part, putting in a temperature-equalizing area of the heat treatment furnace, applying an external magnetic field which is parallel to the magnet-conductive clamp and has the strength of 2-10 kOe and keeping the temperature for 45-90 min after heating the large-size circular magnetic steel part for 5-10 min to the aging treatment design temperature; (4) stopping heating, removing the external magnetic field and quenching; (5) tempering at a seventh level; and (6) cooling to a room temperature, dismounting the magnet-conductive clamp, obtaining a large-size amplitude-modulating typing magnetic steel part subjected to aging treatment and finishing the heat treatment process of the large-size circular magnetic steel part.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to large size annular magnetic steel machine parts'precise magnetic field aging treatment method, belong to the thermal treatment field.
Background technology
The Fe-Cr-Co alloy is owing to its excellent magnetism can be widely used in industries such as Aeronautics and Astronautics, communication, electrical equipment.The strong ferromagnetic α that Fe-Cr-Co alloy magnetic property forms when deriving from spinodal decomposition
1Phase and weak magnetic α
2Phase, theoretical according to the spinodal decomposition of Cahn, when not adding magnetic field, three of composition periods of change along the space<100>Direction is identical.After the thermal treatment, the fluctuation of a certain direction generation in edge composition forms and is ferromagnetic phase, forms uniaxial anisotropy in certain foreign field.Ferromagnetic α during externally-applied magnetic field
1The phase particle is preferentially grown up along outer magnetic field direction, finally obtains extended α
1Phase particle straight line is arranged in α
2Mutually.The maximum magnetic energy product of the anisotropy magnet that thermomagnetic treatment obtains generally is 2-3 a times of composition isotropic magnet.Because its magnetic property is very responsive to heat-treat condition, can make its magnetic property produce huge difference such as the Fe-Cr-Co alloy ± 5 ℃ thermomagnetic treatment temperature difference, therefore, its heat-treat condition is had higher requirement.
When thermomagnetic treatment; Because the spinodal decomposition process very rapidly; Traditional heat treating method is because treatment process can not cause the magnetic field homogeneity of part after the ageing treatment of magnetic field bad, poor performance effectively to rapid this speciality of spinodal decomposition; For large-scale part, the homogeneity that how to guarantee its magnetic property also is a problem to be solved by this invention.
Summary of the invention
The present invention seeks to problem, a kind of large size annular magnetic steel machine parts'precise magnetic field aging treatment method is provided for the magnetic property lack of homogeneity that solves the large-scale part that adopts the prior heat treatment method.
Large size annular magnetic steel machine parts'precise of the present invention magnetic field aging treatment method, this method comprises:
Step 1, pending large size annular magnetic steel part is carried out solution treatment;
Step 2, heat treatment furnace is heated to 620 ℃～660 ℃ ageing treatment design temperatures, is incubated 10 minutes then～20 minutes;
Step 3, the large size annular magnetic steel part that step 1 was handled install the magnetic conduction jig additional; And put into the uniform temperature zone that is warming up to the heat treatment furnace of timeliness design temperature through step 2; Applying, intensity parallel with said magnetic conduction jig simultaneously is the foreign field of 2kOe～10kOe; Said large size annular magnetic steel part is in the uniform magnetic field space, treats that said large size annular magnetic steel part was warming up to said ageing treatment design temperature at 5 minutes～10 minutes, was incubated 45 minutes～90 minutes then;
Step 4, stop the heating, remove foreign field, and the large size annular magnetic steel part that adds the magnetic conduction jig carried out shrend;
Step 5, the large size annular magnetic steel part that adds the magnetic conduction jig that step 4 was handled carry out seven grades of temper;
Step 6, the large size annular magnetic steel part that will add the magnetic conduction jig are cooled to room temperature, and the magnetic conduction jig is disassembled, and obtain the large size spinodal decomposition type magnet steel part that ageing treatment is crossed, and accomplish the accurate magnetic field ageing treatment of large size annular magnetic steel part.
Advantage of the present invention: the inventive method is when carrying out thermomagnetic treatment to part, and the outer magnetic field direction that applies is parallel with the magnetic conduction device, to guarantee the consistence of part two ends magnetic.Guaranteeing that part is in uniform temperature zone and the uniform magnetic field space; Be rapidly heated to the timeliness design temperature; Make under its outside magnetic field condition spinodal decomposition takes place; The rapid intensification of part can be followed spinodal decomposition process fast in real time, both can obtain the excellent magnetism ability, makes also that simultaneously the homogeneity of part magnetic property is improved.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a large size annular magnetic steel part heat treatment process synoptic diagram, and curve a is the solution treatment process, and curve b is the accurate treating processes of high-intensity magnetic field, and curve c is the martemper process;
Fig. 2 is the microtexture shape appearance figure of part after the accurate thermomagnetic treatment.
Embodiment
Embodiment one: below in conjunction with Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 this embodiment is described, this embodiment large size annular magnetic steel machine parts'precise magnetic field aging treatment method, this method comprises:
Step 1, pending large size annular magnetic steel part is carried out solution treatment;
Step 2, heat treatment furnace is heated to 620 ℃～660 ℃ ageing treatment design temperatures, is incubated 10 minutes then～20 minutes;
Step 3, the large size annular magnetic steel part that step 1 was handled install the magnetic conduction jig additional; And put into the uniform temperature zone that is warming up to the heat treatment furnace of timeliness design temperature through step 2; Applying, intensity parallel with said magnetic conduction jig simultaneously is the foreign field of 2kOe～10kOe; Said large size annular magnetic steel part is in the uniform magnetic field space, treats that said large size annular magnetic steel part was warming up to said ageing treatment design temperature at 5 minutes～10 minutes, was incubated 45 minutes～90 minutes then;
Step 4, stop the heating, remove foreign field, and the large size annular magnetic steel part that adds the magnetic conduction jig carried out shrend;
Step 5, the large size annular magnetic steel part that adds the magnetic conduction jig that step 4 was handled carry out seven grades of temper;
Step 6, the large size annular magnetic steel part that will add the magnetic conduction jig are cooled to room temperature, and the magnetic conduction jig is disassembled, and obtain the large size spinodal decomposition type magnet steel part that ageing treatment is crossed, and accomplish the accurate magnetic field ageing treatment of large size annular magnetic steel part.
The material of said large size annular magnetic steel part is the Fe-Cr-Co alloy.
Step 1 with the process that pending large size annular magnetic steel part carries out solution treatment is: at first adopt Al
2O
3Powder is hidden said large size annular magnetic steel part; Then said large size annular magnetic steel part is placed in the uniform temperature zone of High Temperature Furnaces Heating Apparatus, and is warmed up to 1050 ℃ with the temperature rise rate of 35 ℃/min; Be incubated 60min then; Adopt icy salt solution that large size annular magnetic steel part is quenched then, accomplish solution treatment large size annular magnetic steel part.
The purpose that high temperature solid solution is handled is in order to prevent the oxidation of Fe-Cr-Co alloy part, in order to obtain single α phase constitution, thereby is follow-up α → α
1+ α
2Spinodal decomposition is ready, therefore avoid occurring in the high temperature solid solution tissue to the alloy permanent magnetism can disadvantageous σ be necessity very mutually with γ mutually, and it is mainly relevant with solid solubility temperature and quenching velocity to obtain the degree of single α phase.For quick cooling, keep single α phase constitution, adopt icy salt solution that part is quenched.
Step 3 is the accurate treating processes of high-intensity magnetic field.High-intensity magnetic field thermal treatment is control and guarantees that Fe-Cr-Co is the key link of alloy magnetic property.Fe-Cr-Co is that permanent magnet alloy decomposes when high-intensity magnetic field thermal treatment, generates ferromagnetic α
1Be distributed in matrix α mutually
2Amplitude modulation tissue mutually, since the effect of high-intensity magnetic field, α
1To arrange along the high-intensity magnetic field direction is consistent mutually.The magnetic field that applies is the steady direct magnetic field, and the uniform magnetic field space is Φ 200 * 200mm
3, temperature-controlled precision is ± 0.5 ℃.
For guarantee magnetic parts N, S polarity can homogeneity, need part be installed on the magnetic conduction jig in the heat treatment process, and note N corresponding on the part, S utmost point limit with the high-intensity magnetic field direction.
When part was carried out thermomagnetic treatment, the outer magnetic field direction that applies was parallel with the magnetic conduction device, to guarantee the consistence of part two ends magnetic.Guaranteeing that part is in uniform temperature zone and the uniform magnetic field space, be rapidly heated to design temperature, make under its outside magnetic field condition spinodal decomposition takes place, the ferromegnetism α that spinodal decomposition generates
1Arrange along outer magnetic field direction, then part is quenched, to keep α
1Parallel ordered state.
The present invention both can obtain the excellent magnetism ability for the thermomagnetic treatment of large size magnetic parts provides a kind of new process method, makes also that simultaneously the homogeneity of part magnetic property is improved.Such as, for the annulus part, the surface magnetic flux of its N, S level differs and is lower than 3%, and N, S level angle are 170～190 °, have satisfied the requirement of some accurate magnetic devices well.
Though the Fe-Cr-Co alloy part has generated rich (Fe, ferromagnetic α Co) after high-intensity magnetic field thermal treatment
1Weak magnetic or the non-magnetic α of phase and rich Cr
2The amplitude modulation tissue of phase, but because α
1, α
2The composition difference of phase is little, and coercive force, the maximum magnetic energy product of corresponding alloy are also very low, so need further temper to increase α in the alloy
1, α
2Biphase composition difference.At temper process interalloy following three kinds of variations are arranged: α in the alloy
1, α
2The composition difference of phase further increases, α
1Phase volume fraction increases and the alligatoring of amplitude modulation tissue.In order to make the Fe-Cr-Co alloy obtain permanent magnetism performance preferably, hope that the temper process strengthens alloy two phase composition difference, guarantees α
1Phase volume fraction is moderate, and not obviously alligatoring is organized as yet in the amplitude modulation of alloy simultaneously.
Seven grades of temper processes of step 5 are:
First step tempering: the temperature rise rate with 30 ℃/min is warmed up to 630 ℃, insulation 1h;
Second stage tempering: the cooling rate with 1 ℃/min drops to 610 ℃, insulation 1h;
Third stage tempering: the cooling rate with 1 ℃/min drops to 590 ℃, insulation 2h;
Fourth stage tempering: the cooling rate with 1 ℃/min drops to 570 ℃, insulation 4h;
The level V tempering: the cooling rate with 1 ℃/min drops to 550 ℃, insulation 6h;
The 6th grade of tempering: the cooling rate with 1 ℃/min drops to 530 ℃, insulation 8h;
The 7th grade of tempering: the cooling rate with 1 ℃/min drops to 510 ℃, insulation 10h, and seven grades of tempering finish.
After tempering finishes; Be cooled to room temperature; Completion is to the accurate magnetic field ageing treatment of large size annular magnetic steel part, and the Fe-Cr-Co alloy part that thermal treatment is finished disassembles from the magnetic conduction jig, for the optimality and the consistence of guaranteed performance; N during with its high-intensity magnetic field thermal treatment, the S utmost point are extremely corresponding with N, the S of magnet charger, and the magnetic field that applies 1.5T is to its processing of magnetizing.Adopt the open-circuit surface maxwellmeter that its surface magnetic flux density is measured at last.
Embodiment two: this embodiment is that with the difference of embodiment one in the step 2 heat treatment furnace is heated to 620 ℃～647 ℃ ageing treatment design temperatures, other step is identical with embodiment one with processing parameter.
Embodiment three: this embodiment is that with the difference of embodiment one in the step 2 heat treatment furnace is heated to 647 ℃～660 ℃ ageing treatment design temperatures, other step is identical with embodiment one with processing parameter.
Embodiment four: this embodiment is that with the difference of embodiment one in the step 2 heat treatment furnace is heated to 630 ℃～655 ℃ ageing treatment design temperatures, other step is identical with embodiment one with processing parameter.
Embodiment five: this embodiment is that with the difference of embodiment one in the step 2 heat treatment furnace is heated to 647 ℃ of ageing treatment design temperatures, other step is identical with embodiment one with processing parameter.
Embodiment six: this embodiment is with the difference of embodiment one; Apply the foreign field that intensity is 2kOe～10kOe in the step 3; Make said large size annular magnetic steel part be warming up to said ageing treatment design temperature at 5 minutes～7 minutes, other step is identical with embodiment one with processing parameter.
Embodiment seven: this embodiment is with the difference of embodiment one; Apply the foreign field that intensity is 8kOe～10kOe in the step 3; Make said large size annular magnetic steel part be warming up to said ageing treatment design temperature at 7 minutes～10 minutes, other step is identical with embodiment one with processing parameter.
Embodiment eight: this embodiment is with the difference of embodiment one; Apply the foreign field that intensity is 4kOe～6kOe in the step 3; Make said large size annular magnetic steel part be warming up to said ageing treatment design temperature at 7 minutes～10 minutes, other step is identical with embodiment one with processing parameter.
Embodiment nine: this embodiment is with the difference of embodiment one; Apply the foreign field that intensity is 3kOe～7kOe in the step 3; Make said large size annular magnetic steel part be warming up to said ageing treatment design temperature at 7 minutes～10 minutes, other step is identical with embodiment one with processing parameter.
Embodiment ten: this embodiment is with the difference of embodiment one; Apply the foreign field that intensity is 3kOe～5kOe in the step 3; Make said large size annular magnetic steel part be warming up to said ageing treatment design temperature at 7 minutes～10 minutes, other step is identical with embodiment one with processing parameter.
Embodiment 11: this embodiment is with the difference of embodiment one; Apply the foreign field that intensity is 8kOe in the step 3; Make said large size annular magnetic steel part be warming up to said ageing treatment design temperature at 7 minutes, other step is identical with embodiment one with processing parameter.
Claims (7)
1. large size annular magnetic steel machine parts'precise magnetic field aging treatment method is characterized in that, this method comprises:
Step 1, pending large size annular magnetic steel part is carried out solution treatment;
Step 2, heat treatment furnace is heated to 620 ℃～660 ℃ ageing treatment design temperatures, is incubated 10 minutes then～20 minutes;
Step 3, the large size annular magnetic steel part that step 1 was handled install the magnetic conduction jig additional; And put into the uniform temperature zone that is warming up to the heat treatment furnace of timeliness design temperature through step 2; Applying, intensity parallel with said magnetic conduction jig simultaneously is the foreign field of 2kOe～10kOe; Said large size annular magnetic steel part is in the uniform magnetic field space, treats that said large size annular magnetic steel part was warming up to said ageing treatment design temperature at 5 minutes～10 minutes, was incubated 45 minutes～90 minutes then;
Step 4, stop the heating, remove foreign field, and the large size annular magnetic steel part that adds the magnetic conduction jig carried out shrend;
Step 5, the large size annular magnetic steel part that adds the magnetic conduction jig that step 4 was handled carry out seven grades of temper;
Step 6, the large size annular magnetic steel part that will add the magnetic conduction jig are cooled to room temperature, and the magnetic conduction jig is disassembled, and obtain the large size spinodal decomposition type magnet steel part that ageing treatment is crossed, and accomplish the accurate magnetic field ageing treatment of large size annular magnetic steel part.
Step 1 with the process that pending large size annular magnetic steel part carries out solution treatment is: at first adopt Al
2O
3Powder is hidden said large size annular magnetic steel part; Then said large size annular magnetic steel part is placed in the uniform temperature zone of High Temperature Furnaces Heating Apparatus, and is warmed up to 1050 ℃ with the temperature rise rate of 35 ℃/min; Be incubated 60min then; Adopt icy salt solution that large size annular magnetic steel part is quenched then, accomplish solution treatment large size annular magnetic steel part.
Seven grades of temper processes of step 5 are:
First step tempering: the temperature rise rate with 30 ℃/min is warmed up to 630 ℃, insulation 1h;
Second stage tempering: the cooling rate with 1 ℃/min drops to 610 ℃, insulation 1h;
Third stage tempering: the cooling rate with 1 ℃/min drops to 590 ℃, insulation 2h;
Fourth stage tempering: the cooling rate with 1 ℃/min drops to 570 ℃, insulation 4h;
The level V tempering: the cooling rate with 1 ℃/min drops to 550 ℃, insulation 6h;
The 6th grade of tempering: the cooling rate with 1 ℃/min drops to 530 ℃, insulation 8h;
The 7th grade of tempering: the cooling rate with 1 ℃/min drops to 510 ℃, insulation 10h, and seven grades of tempering finish.
The material of said large size annular magnetic steel part is the Fe-Cr-Co alloy.
2. large size annular magnetic steel machine parts'precise according to claim 1 magnetic field aging treatment method is characterized in that, in the step 2 heat treatment furnace is heated to 620 ℃～647 ℃ ageing treatment design temperatures.
3. large size annular magnetic steel machine parts'precise according to claim 1 magnetic field aging treatment method is characterized in that, in the step 2 heat treatment furnace is heated to 647 ℃～660 ℃ ageing treatment design temperatures.
4. large size annular magnetic steel machine parts'precise according to claim 1 magnetic field aging treatment method is characterized in that, in the step 2 heat treatment furnace is heated to 647 ℃ of ageing treatment design temperatures.
5. large size annular magnetic steel machine parts'precise according to claim 1 magnetic field aging treatment method; It is characterized in that; Apply the foreign field that intensity is 2kOe～8kOe in the step 3, make said large size annular magnetic steel part be warming up to said ageing treatment design temperature at 5 minutes～7 minutes.
6. large size annular magnetic steel machine parts'precise according to claim 1 magnetic field aging treatment method; It is characterized in that; Apply the foreign field that intensity is 8kOe～10kOe in the step 3, make said large size spinodal decomposition type magnet steel part be warming up to said ageing treatment design temperature at 7 minutes～10 minutes.
7. large size annular magnetic steel machine parts'precise according to claim 1 magnetic field aging treatment method; It is characterized in that; Apply the foreign field that intensity is 8kOe in the step 3, make said large size annular magnetic steel part be warming up to said ageing treatment design temperature at 7 minutes.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1056599A (en) * | 1990-05-14 | 1991-11-27 | 北京科瑞德特钕磁体有限公司 | The prescription of Cd rare-earth permanent-magnet alloy and manufacture method thereof |
| CN1912167A (en) * | 2006-08-10 | 2007-02-14 | 上海交通大学 | High-intensity magnetic field ageing hot processing method of Mg-Al series alloy |
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2010
- 2010-10-15 CN CN2010105096708A patent/CN101942552B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1056599A (en) * | 1990-05-14 | 1991-11-27 | 北京科瑞德特钕磁体有限公司 | The prescription of Cd rare-earth permanent-magnet alloy and manufacture method thereof |
| CN1912167A (en) * | 2006-08-10 | 2007-02-14 | 上海交通大学 | High-intensity magnetic field ageing hot processing method of Mg-Al series alloy |
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