CN101939714A - Automatic maintenance estimation in a plant environment - Google Patents
Automatic maintenance estimation in a plant environment Download PDFInfo
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- CN101939714A CN101939714A CN2008800246748A CN200880024674A CN101939714A CN 101939714 A CN101939714 A CN 101939714A CN 2008800246748 A CN2008800246748 A CN 2008800246748A CN 200880024674 A CN200880024674 A CN 200880024674A CN 101939714 A CN101939714 A CN 101939714A
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Abstract
A maintenance system for a process plant collects and uses historical data about maintenance orders. The data identifies the maintenance items for completing an order, such as the labor, materials, and maintenance tasks required. The data is historical data developed from actual completed maintenance orders. The system uses archived historical data and estimates various maintenance information, such as estimated cost for completing the maintenance order, and estimated start and completion times. The estimated data may be based on averaged data as a result. This estimated data along with the other maintenance order information may be sent to a scheduler for identifying a priority to the maintenance order and scheduling it accordingly.
Description
Technical field
Present invention relates in general to the Process Control System in the processing factory, more particularly, relate to and use the assets utilization and the optimization of working in coordination with in the expert system help processing factory.
Background technology
Generally include one or more process controllers of concentrating or disperseing as those Process Control Systems that are used for chemistry, oil or other process, these process controllers are via simulation, numeral or analog/digital hybrid bus, are connected at least one main frame or operator workstation and are connected to one or more process control and instrumentation such as field apparatus with communication mode.For example can be the field apparatus of valve, valve positioner, switch, transmitter and sensor (for example temperature, pressure and flow sensor), the function such as opening or closing valve and measurement process parameters in the implementation.The signal of process measurement value that process controller receives indication field apparatus generated or that be associated with field apparatus or process variable and/or with field apparatus relevant out of Memory, use this information to realize control routine, then generate control signal, the control signal that is generated is sent to the operation of field apparatus with control procedure by one or more buses.Information from field apparatus and controller can be used for the performed one or more application programs of operator workstation usually, so that the operator can carry out the desired function relevant with process, for example operation of the current state of view procedure, modification process or the like.
Although typical Process Control System has many process control and the instrumentation that is connected to one or more process controllers, for example valve, transmitter, sensor or the like, these process controllers are carried out the software that is used to control these equipment during process operation, but also have many for process operation essential or relevant with process operation other support equipment.These optional equipments comprise supply unit, generating and the power distribution equipment that for example is arranged in a plurality of positions of typical plant, the wheelwork such as turbine or the like.Although this optional equipment not necessarily can generate or the use variable, and in many cases, can even not be connected to process controller, but this device is very important and finally be essential for the proper operation of process for influence process operation Be Controlled.Yet in the past, process controller not necessarily can be appreciated that these miscellaneous equipments, and perhaps process controller is only supposed these equipment proper operations when implementation is controlled.
Further, many processing factories have other computing machine of the application program relevant with its execution that is associated and business function or maintenance function.For example, some factory comprise carry out with order starting material, replace the part of factory or the application program that equipment is associated, the computing machine of application program relevant with product demand or the like with the prediction sale.Equally, many processing factories, particularly those use the processing factory of smart devices, comprise being used for not considering that the equipment in the factory is under process control and the instrumentation or the situation of the equipment of other type, help to monitor and safeguard the application program of these equipment.For example, the asset management scheme (AMS that sells by Fisher Rosemount Systems, Inc
TM) AMS of intelligent device management device or application program
TMPackage enables and the communicating by letter of field apparatus, and the storage data relevant with field apparatus, to determine and to follow the tracks of the mode of operation of field apparatus.The previous example of this system is called " Integrated Communication Network for use in a Field Device ManagementSystem (the integrated communicaton network that is used for the field apparatus management system) " in name, the patent No. is 5, be disclosed in 960,214 the United States Patent (USP).In some cases, AMS
TMApplication program can be used for communicating with equipment, with the parameter in the change equipment, makes equipment to himself moving the application program of self calibration routine for example or self diagnosis routine, obtain about the state of equipment or the information of healthy and strong situation, or the like.This information can maintained personnel be stored and use, to monitor and to safeguard these equipment.Equally, other types of applications that has other type equipment be used to monitor wheelwork for example and generating and power-supply unit.These other application programs can be used by the maintainer usually, and are used to monitor and safeguard equipment in the processing factory.
Yet, in typical factory and process, the function that is associated with the process control activity, equipment and device maintenance and monitor activities and commercial activity still all separate with regard to carrying out these movable personnel usually with regard to these movable places that take place.In addition, the different instrument of the general use of different people that these different functions are related for example uses and moves on different computing machines to carry out the different application program of difference in functionality.As a rule, the data of different types that distinct device that the distinct device in instrument collection that these are different or use and the process is associated or in process is gathered, and be set to gather their needed data by different way.For example, the process control operator of operation every day of general monitoring process and mainly be responsible for guaranteeing the quality and the successional process control operator of process operation, usually by be provided with and the change process in set point, the loop of tuning process, the process operation of dispatching such as batch operation wait influence process.These process control operator can use be used to diagnose with the correction procedure control system in the available instrument of process control problem, comprise for example self-seeker, loop analysis device, nerve network system or the like.The process control operator can also be via the one or more process controllers that provide to the operator about the information of process operation, from process receiving course variable information, and the wherein alarm that comprises in the process being produced about the information of process operation.This information can offer the process control operator via the Standard User interface.
Further, current being known that provides expert engine, expert engine use control variable and about the limited information of the operating conditions of control routine or functional block that is associated with the process control routine or module, detecting poor operation loop, and provide information about the suggestion way of correcting this problem to the operator.That this expert engine was submitted on February 22nd, 1999, name is called " Diagnostics ina Process Control System (diagnosis in the Process Control System) ", application number is No.09/256, that 585 U.S. Patent application and on February 7th, 2000 submit to, name is called " Diagnostic Expert in aProcess Control System (diagnostician in the Process Control System) ", application number is 09/499, be disclosed in 445 the U.S. Patent application, thus with these two patented claims by reference integral body be herein incorporated.Equally, be known that in factory the Control and Optimization device of operation such as the real-time optimization device optimize the control activity of processing factory.This optimizer uses the complex model of factory to predict how to change input to optimize the operation of factory with respect to the optimization variable such as profit of some expectation usually.
On the other hand, mainly be responsible for guaranteeing the maintainer of the physical device valid function in the process and be responsible for maintenance and the maintainer of replacing failed equipment, use such as maintenance interface, AMS discussed above
TMApplication program and instrument about many other diagnostic tools of the information of the mode of operation of equipment in the process is provided.The maintainer also dispatches the maintenance activity that the part that may require factory is shut down.For many more novel process device and devices that are commonly referred to as smart devices, these equipment itself can comprise the problem of automatic checkout equipment operation and report the detection and the diagnostic tool of these problems via the standard maintenance interface to the maintainer automatically.For example, AMS
TMSoftware is to reported by maintenance personnel equipment state and diagnostic message, and communication and other instrument that makes the maintainer can determine the facility information that occurent thing and access means provided in the equipment is provided.Usually, maintenance interface and maintainer's position and process control operator's position separating is not though situation is not always like this.For example, in some processing factory, the process control operator can fulfil maintainer's responsibility, and vice versa, and the different people who perhaps is responsible for these functions can use identical interface.
Further, make such as select to make which product, optimize which variable in the factory or the like strategic commercial decision-making, be responsible for such as the personnel that order part, goods and materials, starting material or the like business application and be used for the application program of business application, be usually located in the office of factory away from process control interface and maintenance interface.Equally, managerial personnel or other personnel may wish from remote location or the customizing messages in other computer system accesses processing factory that is associated with processing factory, to use when monitoring factory's operation and making the long-range strategy decision-making.
Because different application programs is used to carry out the difference in functionality (for example separating process control, maintenance and commerce operations) in the factory in big many parts, so these application programs are not integrated in together, and do not have abundant shared data or information.In fact, many factories only comprise in these dissimilar application programs some but not all.In addition, even these application programs all are positioned at factory, but because different personnel use these different application programs and analysis tools, and because these instruments generally are positioned at the different hardware position of factory, even so this information to the useful situation of other function in the factory under, information flow from a functional area of factory to another functional area also seldom, if any.For example, the instrument such as the wheelwork data analysis tool can be used for measuring ability bad generator or wheelwork blade (based on the data of non-process variable type) by the maintainer.This instrument can detect problem, and warning maintainer equipment needs calibration, maintenance or replacing.Yet even if operate the loop that bad equipment may cause that the influence process control operation is monitored or the problem of some other assembly, process control operator (people or software specialist) also benefits from this information.Equally, even may be very important and may stop under the situation that the mode with the business people expectation is optimized factory at faulty equipment, business people not be known this fact yet.Because the process control expert does not know finally to cause the loop in the Process Control System and the bad plant issue of performance of unit, and because process control operator or expert suppose that this device is just in true(-)running, therefore the problem of process control expert in may its process control loop that is detected of wrong diagnosis, perhaps attempt using in fact correct till the ass ascends the ladder this problem, the instrument such as the loop tuner.Equally, business people may be made the commercial decision-making that moves factory in the mode of the commercial effect (for example optimum profit) that can't realize expecting because of faulty equipment.
Because lot of data analysis and other detect and diagnostic tool is available in process control environment, therefore exist many to process operator and the business people information about healthy and strong situation of equipment and performance useful, that the maintainer can use.Similarly, exist many to maintainer or business people useful, process operator can be used about the information of the current running status of process loop and other routine.Equally, in the process of optimizing process operation, exist generate in the process of carrying out business function or use, to maintainer or process control operator Useful Information.Yet in the past, because these functions are separated, so the information that generates in a functional area or gather is not used for or can not performs well in other functional area, this causes using the global degree of assets in the processing factory is best.The separate processes of these functions (maintenance, process and commercial affairs) means, one of these functions down the personnel of operation may be not by inform fully from other functional area, in task is carried out Useful Information, unless pay very onerous toil.This can cause the suboptimum of assets to use, and is especially all the more so the scheduling of assets protection in processing factory.Because about the restriction of the shared data of processing factory's performance, follow the tracks of and scheduled maintenance order difficulty especially.In addition, very long delivery time usually between the identification that safeguard to need and the corresponding startup of safeguarding order, the complexity of having added another level for the maintenance group of trial dispatch list order.Factory's maintenance group for example can be based on the healthy and strong situation of loop and the shutdown of planning process, is recombinated, reconfigures.Be not used for estimating the time that needs are safeguarded effectively and should safeguarding the appropriate system of the time of those orders of scheduling in the needs but do not exist at other.
Summary of the invention
A kind of Process Control System is used from data or the information relevant with assets processing factory the various device in the processing factory.These equipment can comprise the field apparatus such as valve, steady arm, switch, multiplexer, transmitter, sensor, control system, transceiver, variable speed drive, actuator, I/O system, two line equipment, three-way equipment or four line equipment or the like, and comprise according to such as Fieldbus, HRAT,
The equipment of the specialized protocol of AS-Interface (interface) and CAN and so on is at interior various smart machines.These equipment also can comprise the network communication equipment such as ICP/IP protocol equipment, ethernet device and internet equipment.These entities may further include the field device such as Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT), power distribution equipment, transformer, jar, wheelwork, measurement mechanism, pump or the like.The data such as control, process and service data and the information of processing factory are handled by instrument with cooperative mode, for example to generate the status information about equipment.This status information can be used for carrying out better or how optimum maintenance activity, for example, and about the problem corrective action of equipment.For example, information or data can be collected by the maintenance function relevant with the state of equipment.Then, this information can be used to determine the state of this equipment.This status information can adopt the form of diagnostic message, maintenance request, notice current or problem in the future or the like.If this status information indicates this equipment that problem is arranged, then order and/or parts order can be generated automatically with addressing this problem relevant safeguarding.Then, this order can be communicated to fulfil this order.Under the situation of parts order, can communicate with the supplier of the part that remains in maintenance, to be used.If this order is to safeguard order, then suitable maintainer can be warned.In other cases, for example, under the situation of the problem in the future that predicts, then this order can be scheduled and make it to be fulfiled before the predicted fault of this equipment.In addition, can be based on report the state of following the tracks of this order about the cycle of this order.
Process Control System can be periodically, continuously or otherwise from the plant asset collect status information with identification and scheduled maintenance order.This system can come the scheduled maintenance order based on various factors (comprising the estimation maintenance information about estimated cost, the estimated time and the estimation material of requirement).The application has described and can estimate that various information safeguard the priority of order and the control system of scheduling with improvement.In some instances, control system is the asset management system, and it passes on some asset request data to give the various current and/or historical datas safeguarded item on of enterprise asset management (EAM) system to be associated with these asset request data to this system interrogation automatically.This data can comprise maintenance task, work and the material information of these asset request data.For example, under alert if, this asset management system can determine these questioned assets to EAM, and it then provides the safeguard relevant information relevant with maintenance task, material and work to this asset management system.This asset management system analyzes these data and exploitation and is used to finish and safeguards that order is to handle the estimation maintenance information of this alert if.The plan deadline that this asset management system can estimate to safeguard cost that order is associated with this, be used to begin this average start time of safeguarding order, this safeguards order and material, work and the task of requirement.In example, this asset management system safeguards order and this order conveyed to maintenance schedule device in this asset management system, the EAM or elsewhere based on estimating that maintenance information generates, with to safeguarding that order carries out suitable scheduling.In some instances, safeguard that order can generate in EAM self.
Have the order of safeguarding of estimating maintenance information in case this system has developed, scheduler can be at least in part based on generating the maintenance schedule table automatically by the estimation maintenance information that the asset management system developed.In some instances, this scheduler may not only be considered the estimation maintenance information from this asset management system, and considers the current asset data such as the status information of healthy and strong index, changeability index, availability index and capability index.This information can be process details, device specifics, unit details, loop details or their combination.
In any case, this scheduler can be according to the real data on current status information, the maintenance item (for example, the tabulation of Available Material) and historical data in the past, the maintenance item of having finished (for example, the maintenance task in past need be finished the similar order of safeguarding) come the scheduled maintenance order.As expected, this maintenance schedule table can be dispatched to influence with maintenance system, Process Control System and business applications collaborative work, part is ordered, personnel assign and other safeguards finishing of item.
When incident changed, for example when the specific estimation maintenance information of safeguarding order changed, this system can also redefine this maintenance schedule table, and when there is change in the availability of material or work, equally can take place.As a result, this asset management system can with the maintenance information that changes, estimation or alternate manner convey to the maintenance schedule device, to revise this maintenance schedule table as required.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the block diagram of processing factory, and this processing factory has and is configured between many functional areas of this factory to receive and the asset management system that coordination data transmits;
Fig. 2 is about the data of the asset management system in the factory of Fig. 1 and information flow chart;
Fig. 3 is the exemplary description of the demonstration of the unit in the expression Process Control System that can be shown by graphical user interface;
Fig. 4 can be provided so that the another exemplary description of the demonstration of the information in user's energy fast investigation factory by graphical user interface;
Fig. 5 A and Fig. 5 B can be provided so that the user can check the case description of the panel of the demonstration of safeguarding order with automatic composition data by graphical user interface;
Fig. 6-9 illustrates the demonstration of the rumble spectrum figure that the element in the rotating machinery is shown;
Figure 10 is about automatic data and the information flow chart of safeguarding estimating system in the factory of Fig. 1;
Figure 11 is the data and the information flow chart of another example of the data of Figure 10 and information flow chart;
Figure 12 is the data and the information flow chart of another example of the data of Figure 10 and information flow chart;
Figure 13 is the figure that is used to safeguard the instance data message elements of order, and the various data that estimating system is determined of safeguarding by Figure 10 are shown;
Figure 14 is with the sheet format storage and a plurality of figure that safeguard the order dispatch table that safeguard order is shown;
Figure 15 is the flow graph that is used for reorganizing in response to the change of the state of effectively safeguarding order, warning or other incident the example procedure of maintenance schedule table; And
Figure 16 is the block diagram that is connected to the mechanism of a plurality of processing factories via the communication network remote monitoring.
Embodiment
Referring now to Fig. 1,, processing factory 10 comprises some commerce and other computer system by one or more communication networks and some control and maintenance system interconnection.Processing factory 10 comprises one or more Process Control Systems 12 and 14.Process Control System 12 can be such as the conventional procedure control system of PROVOX or RS3 system or any other DCS, it comprises the operator interface 12A that is connected to controller 12B and is connected to I/O (I/O) card 12C, and input/output cards 12C is connected to the various field apparatuss such as simulation and highway addressable remote transmitter (HART) field apparatus 15 again.The Process Control System 14 that can be distributed process control system comprises the one or more operator interface 14A that are connected to one or more distributed director 14B via the bus such as industry ethernet.Controller 14B can be the DeltaV that is for example sold by the Fisher Rosemount Systems, Inc in Texas Austin city
TMThe controller of controller or any other desired type.Controller 14B is connected to one or more field apparatuss 16 via I/O equipment, and for example, HART or Fieldbus field apparatus or any other intelligence or non-smart field devices for example comprise and using
Those equipment of in AS-Interface and the CAN agreement any.As is known, field apparatus 16 can offer analog or digital information the controller 14B relevant with process variable and miscellaneous equipment information.Operator interface 14A can store and implementation control operation person is available, be used for instrument to comprising that for example operation of the process of Control and Optimization device, diagnostician, neural network, tuner or the like is controlled.
Further, such as carrying out AMS
TMThe maintenance system of computing machine of monitoring of application program or any miscellaneous equipment and communication application program and so on can be connected to Process Control System 12 and 14 or the autonomous device here to carry out maintenance and monitor activities.For example, maintenance calculations machine 18 can be connected to controller 12B, and/or is connected to equipment 15 to communicate by letter with equipment 15 and reconfigure or carry out other maintenance activity in some cases on equipment 15 via any desired communication line or network (comprising wireless or the portable equipment network).Similarly, such as AMS
TMThe maintenance applications of application program and so on can be installed on one or more among the user interface 14A that is associated with distributed process control system 14, and safeguard and monitoring function by one or more execution the among the user interface 14A, comprise the data aggregation relevant with the mode of operation of equipment 16 to carry out.
Similarly, have the generating that is associated with factory 10 and the generating and the distribution system 24 of power distribution equipment 25 and be connected to another computing machine 26, this computing machine 26 operations and monitor generating in the factory 10 and the operation of power distribution equipment 25 via for example bus.Computing machine 26 can be carried out control of known power and diagnosis of application program 27, and those application programs that provided by for example Liebert and ASCO or other company for example are with control with safeguard and generate electricity and power distribution equipment 25.
In the past, various Process Control Systems 12 and 14 and generating and maintenance system 26 and 22 respectively also can't so that they can share with generate in useful mode each in these systems or interconnect each other by the mode of the data of each collection in these systems.As a result, each in the different function such as process control function, electricity generate function and wheelwork function has operated in other device hypothesis can be influenced by this specific function in the factory or that this specific function is had an influence ideally (almost occurring this situation certainly never) under the situation of operation.Yet,, therefore data sharing has seldom been arranged or has not had significant data sharing between the difference in functionality system in factory 10 because these functions differ widely and are used to monitor that the device of these functions also is different with personnel.
In order to overcome this problem, computer system 30 is provided, its communicate to connect with factory 10 in various function systems (comprising process control function 12 and 14, maintenance function and business function such as those functions that in computing machine 18,14A, 22 and 26, realize) computing machine or the interface that are associated.Specifically, computer system 30 communicates to connect conventional procedure control system 12 and is connected to the maintenance interface 18 that is associated with this control system, be connected to the process control and/or the maintenance interface 14A of distributed process control system 14, be connected to wheelwork maintenance calculations machine 22 and be connected to generating and distribution computer 26, more than connect all via bus 32.Bus 32 can use any desired or suitable Local Area Network or wide area network (WAN) agreement that communication is provided.
As shown in Figure 1, computing machine 30 also is connected to business system computing machine and maintenance plan computing machine 35 and 36 via identical or different network-bus 32, they can carry out for example business applications of Enterprise Resources Plan (ERP), material resources plan (MRP), accounting, product and user's order system, maintenance calculations system or any other expectation, and for example part, goods and materials and starting material are ordered application program, product scheduling application or the like.Computing machine 30 can also be connected to factory level LAN37, the WAN38 of company and be connected to and enable from the remote location remote monitoring factory 10 or the computer system 40 of communicating by letter with factory 10 via for example bus 32.
In one embodiment, the communication by bus 32 utilizes the XML agreement to take place.Here, seal device from each the data among computing machine 12A, 18, the 14A, 22,26,35,36 or the like with XML and seal and be sent to the XML data server that can for example be arranged in computing machine 30.Because XML is a descriptive language, so this server can be handled the data of any kind.At this server place, if necessary, these data are sealed device encapsulation with new XML, and promptly these data are mapped at these from an XML form and receive each the application program and one or more other XML forms of generating.Therefore, each data originators can be utilized this equipment or application program to understand or be convenient to the data envelope of the form of this equipment or application program with it, and each receive application program can receive be used for this receptions application program or by the data of the different-format of this reception application program understanding.This server is configured to depend on that the source and destination of data are mapped to another kind of form with a kind of form.If desired, this server can also be carried out certain data processing function or other function based on the reception of data.Before operation system as described herein, it is regular and it is stored in this server to set up mapping and processing capacity.By this way, data can be sent to one or more other application programs from any one application program.
Generally speaking, computing machine 30 storages and the execution asset management system 50, the asset management system 50 collects by Process Control System 12 and 14, maintenance system 18,22 and 26 and business system 35 and 36 data and the out of Memory that produce, and the information that is produced by the data analysis tool of carrying out in these systems each.This asset management system 50 can be based on the OZ expert system that is for example provided by NEXUS at present.Yet the asset management system 50 can be the expert system of any other desired type, comprises for example data digging system of any kind.Importantly, the asset management system 50 moves as data in the processing factory 10 and message switching center, and can coordinate the data in from a functional area (for example maintenance area) to other functional area (for example process control function zone or business function zone) or the distribution of information.The new information or the data of the one or more computer systems in the computer system that the asset management system 50 can also use the data of collection to produce can to distribute to difference in functionality in the factory 10 is associated.Further, the asset management system 50 can carry out or monitor and use collected data to produce the execution for the treatment of other application program of the newtype data of use in processing factory 10.
Specifically, the asset management system 50 can comprise or execution index produces software 51, index produce software 51 generate with factory 10 in equipment (as process control and instrumentation, generating set, wheelwork, unit, zone or the like) associated index, perhaps with factory 10 in process control entity (as loop or the like) associated index.Then, these index can be provided for the process control application program helping optimizing process control, and can be provided for business software or business applications thinks that business people provides the more complete or intelligible information that is associated with the operation of factory 10.The asset management system 50 can also provide service data (for example status information of equipment) and business data (for example data that are associated with the order of dispatching, timetable or the like) to give the control expert 52 who is associated with for example Process Control System 14 to help the control activity of operator's execution such as optimal control.Control expert 52 for example can be arranged in user interface 14A or any other computing machine that is associated with control system 14 or if necessary at computing machine 30.
In one embodiment, control expert 52 can be that for example above application number of determining is the control expert described in 09/256,585 and 09/499,445 the U.S. Patent application.Yet, these control experts in the decision process of carrying out by these control experts, the interior equipment of combination and use and processing factory 10 or the relevant data of state of other hardware in addition.Specifically, in the past, the general only use variable data of software control expert and some limited device status data are to make decision to process operator or to advise.The communication that utilizes the asset management system 50 to provide, particularly relevant communication with status information of equipment, for example by computer system 18,14A, 22 and 26 and communicating by letter of providing of the data analysis tool realized therein, control expert 52 can receive and will be such as healthy and strong information, performance information, utilize the status information of equipment information and the changeability information to be attached in its decision-making together with process variable information.
In addition, the asset management system 50 can provide information about the operation of the state of the equipment in the processing factory 10 and control activity to business system 35 and 36, in business system 35 and 36, for example safeguard that order produces application program or program 54 and can automatically produce based on detected problem processing factory 10 in and safeguard order and order part, perhaps in business system 35 and 36, can order goods and materials based on the work that is being performed.Similarly, the change by the asset management system's 50 detected control system can make business system 35 or 36 operations be used to utilize for example program 54 operation dispatchings and the application program of supplying order.In the same way, the change of customer order etc. can be imported in business system 35 or 36, and these data can be sent to the asset management system 50 and send to control routine or control expert 52 causing the change in this control, thereby for example begin to make the product of new order or be implemented in the change of being carried out in business system 35 and 36.Certainly, if necessary, each computer system that is connected to bus 32 can have application program therein, and other application program that this application program plays in this computing machine is obtained suitable data and these data are sent to for example function of the asset management system 50.
In addition, the asset management system 50 can send information to the one or more optimizers 55 in the processing factory 10.For example, Control and Optimization device 55 can be arranged in computing machine 14A and can move one or more Control and Optimization routine 55A, 55B or the like.In addition or alternately, optimizer routines 55 can be stored in computing machine 30 or any other computing machine or by computing machine 30 or any other computing machine and carry out, thereby essential data can be sent by the asset management system 50.If necessary, factory 10 can also comprise the model 56 of some aspect of modelling factory 10, and these models 56 can be carried out to carry out simulated function by the asset management system 50 or control or other expert such as control expert 52, and its purpose will be carried out more detailed description here.Yet, in general, model 56 can be used for determining that device parameter, region parameter, unit parameter, loop parameter or the like are to detect fault sensor or other failed equipment as the part of optimizer routines 55, to produce the performance of in factory 10, using and to utilize index the index, with execution performance or condition monitoring, and the use that is used for other.Model 56 can be such as by the model that is positioned at those models that the English MDC technology company of carrying Saden produces and sell, and maybe can be the model of any other desired type.Certainly exist many other can be provided in the factory 10 and can use application program from the data of the asset management system 50, and the system as described herein application program that is not limited to here mention specially.Yet generally speaking, the asset management system 50 helps can shared data and coordinate the use that assets are optimized the total assets in the factory 10 by making between the repertoire district in the factory 10.
Equally, generally speaking, one or more user-interface routine 58 can be stored in the one or more computing machines in the factory 10 and by these computing machines and carry out.For example, computing machine 30, user interface 14A, business system computing machine 35 or any other computing machine can run user interface programs 58.Each user-interface routine 58 can receive or subscribe the information from the asset management system 50, and identical or different group data can be sent in the user-interface routine 58 each.In the user-interface routine 58 any one can utilize different screens to provide different kinds of information to different users.For example, one of user-interface routine 58 can provide a screen or a group screen curtain to control operation person or to business people, so that this people can be provided with constraint or select optimization variable to use for the standard control routine or use for Control and Optimization device routine.User-interface routine 58 can provide the control guidance tool, and this guidance tool can be checked by index the user with certain coordinated mode and produced the index that software 51 generates.This operator's guidance tool can also make operator or any other people can obtain the information of state about equipment, control loop, unit or the like, and can see the information relevant easily with the problem of these entities because this information by other software detection in the processing factory 10 to.User-interface routine 58 can also be utilized by instrument 23 and 27, such as AMS
TMThe maintenance program of application program and so on or any other maintenance program provide or the performance monitoring data that produce or the performance monitoring data that produced by these models and the asset management system's 50 cooperations provide the performance monitoring screen.Certainly, user-interface routine 58 can provide the Any user access rights to the user and the preferential selection or other variable that the user can be changed use in any or all of functional area of factory 10.
For the discussion about the Collection and analysis of the asset data in the processing factory 10 is provided, with reference to Fig. 2 that data flow diagram is shown, it illustrates the asset management system 50 in the processing factory 10 and some data stream between other PC Tools or the application program.Although following about some ability description this utilize system 50, but about application number is No.10/086, assets utilization expert in 159 the U.S. Patent application discusses the further more detailed of the example asset management system and discusses, this U.S. Patent application was submitted on February 28th, 2002, name is called " Automatic work order/parts order generation andtracking (workpiece order/parts order produces and follows the tracks of automatically) ", by reference its integral body is herein incorporated specially hereby.
The asset management system 50 can be from such as multiplexer, transmitter, sensor, portable equipment, control system, radio frequency (RF) transceiver, on-line control system, web page server, historical station, the many data collectors or the data source of other controlling application program in control module or the processing factory 10 and so on, interface such as user interface and I/O interface and such as bus (Fieldbus for example, HART and industry ethernet), valve, transceiver, sensor, the data server of server and controller and so on, and such as process instrument, wheelwork, electric device, Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT), other plant asset of variable speed drive or the like and so on receives information.How these data can be produced by other function system or used by other function system and adopt any desired form based on these data.Further, can utilize any desired or suitable data communication protocol and communication hardware such as XML agreement discussed above that these data are sent to the asset management system 50.Yet in general, factory 10 will be configured so that the asset management system 50 receives the data of particular types automatically from one or more data sources, and so that the asset management system 50 can take the measure be scheduled to about these data.
Equally, the asset management system 50 receives information (and can actually carry out) from data analysis tool, and this data analysis tool for example, the current typical service data analysis tool that provides, such as those with instrument that equipment is associated the performance trace tool and to be used for above definite application number be 09/256, the performance trace tool of the Process Control System described in 585 and 09/499,445 the U.S. Patent application.These data analysis tools can also comprise the basic reason application program of the basic reason of the problem that for example detects some type, such as the patent No. is 6,017, the event detection of event detection described in 143 the United States Patent (USP) and so on, such as (on May 3rd, 1999 submitted to) application number is 09/303, the regulation loop diagnosis of regulation loop diagnosis described in 869 the U.S. Patent application (by reference it being herein incorporated specially hereby) and so on, be that the impulse circuit described in 09/257,896 the U.S. Patent application (by reference it being herein incorporated specially hereby) stops up the impulse circuit that detects application program and so on and stops up application program such as (on February 25th, 1999 submitted to) application number, other plugged line detects application program, the equipment state application program, device configuration application and maintenance applications, such as AMS
TMAnd so on device memory, historical station and information show tools, Explorer application program and the indexes applications program of checking account.Further, system 50 can be from the process control data analysis tool such as Advanced Control expert 52 that can provide in Process Control System 10, such as (on June 14th, 2000 submitted to) application number is 09/593,327 and (on October 4th, 1999 submitted to) application number be 09/412, the Model Predictive Control process routine of Model Predictive Control process routine (by reference it being herein incorporated specially hereby) described in 078 the U.S. Patent application and so on, tuning routine, fuzzy logic control routine and ANN (Artificial Neural Network) Control routine receive data and any information, and from being No.5 such as the patent No., the virtual-sensor of virtual-sensor described in 680,409 the United States Patent (USP) and so on receives data and any information.Further, the asset management system 50 can be from following these reception information: the relevant data analysis tool with wheelwork oil analysis, thermometry, ultrasonic system and laser alignment that is associated such as on-line vibration, RF wireless senser and hand-held data collection module parts, with wheelwork and the balanced system, all these can be relevant with the detection problem or the state of wheelwork in the processing factory 10.These instruments have been known in the prior art, and therefore here are not described in detail.Further, the asset management system 50 can receive and power management such as the application program 23 and 27 of Fig. 1 and power device and the relevant data of supply (it can comprise any desired power management and power device monitoring and analysis tool).
In one embodiment, the asset management system 50 carries out or monitors the execution of the mathematical software model 56 of some or all devices in the factory 10, for example device model, loop model, unit model, regional model or the like, they are for example moved by the calculating of any other expectation in computing machine 30 or the processing factory 10.Because many reasons, the asset management system 50 can use by the data of these model developments or the data that are associated with these models.In these data some (or these models itself) can be used for providing virtual-sensor in factory 10.In these data some, or these models itself can be used for realizing PREDICTIVE CONTROL or real-time optimization control in factory 10.In these data that produced by model 56 some can indexed generation routine 51 be used for producing the index that is used for other application program such as commercial affairs and process control application program.Use for these and other objects model 56 will be described below in more detail.
The asset management system 50 by other any communication network in for example bus 32 or the processing factory 10 when data produce or with certain cycle reception data.Thereafter, periodically or as required, the asset management system 50 redistributes data and gives other application program or use these data to produce and other function system in factory 10 is provided at the useful out of Memory of different aspect of the control and the operation of processing factory 10.Especially, the asset management system 50 can provide data and generate a series of combined index so that index produces routine 51, for example with oil (gas) filling device, unit, loop, zone or processing factory 10 in other entity in the one or more capability indexs that are associated, availability index, healthy and strong index and variable index.Here will discuss the generation and the use of these index in more detail.
The asset management system 50 can be according to the information development model that receives from data analysis tool model system 53, model of developing before data analysis tool model system 53 can comprise or the mold segment that can be assembled into model in the asset management system 50.In some instances, tool model system 53 comprises the design parameter model, and this system 50 compares design parameter model and actual performance model data to determine capability index.
The asset management system 50 can also provide data to receive data, the interface that this control routine 62 can be arranged in process controller or be associated with these controllers, optimizer 55, business applications 63, maintenance applications 66 or the like to control routine 62 with from control routine 62.
In addition, control expert 65 (can comprise the forecasting process controller), its equipment of only supposing that in the past it is being controlled is normally just done or is not worked, can receive the state or the healthy and strong relevant information of the equipment that control with it from the asset management system 50, the relevant out of Memory of mode of operation of for example above-mentioned equipment that utilizes index, changeability index, healthy and strong index or capability index and can be considered during with the trial control procedure or loop or the like.Predictive controller 65 and optimizer 55 can provide additional information and data to user-interface routine 58.Predictive controller 65 or optimizer 55 can use with network in the relevant status information of current state of reality of equipment, and as defined by business applications for example 63, consider the determined target of business proposal software and following needs that for example provide, to come optimal control based on the prediction in the control system by the asset management system 50.
Further, the asset management system 50 can provide data to receiving data such as the Enterprise Resources Plan instrument that is generally used for business proposal or commercial computing machine 35 and 36 or from the Enterprise Resources Plan instrument.These application programs can comprise: the product plan instrument that is used to control product plan, material resources plan; Be used for being created in automatically the parts order that business applications uses, the order of safeguarding of safeguarding order or supply order produces instrument 54 or the like.Certainly, can finish parts order automatically based on the information from the asset management system 50, safeguard the generation of order and supply order, this has shortened the identification assets need be repaired the time that required time and reception provide the necessary part of corrective action about maintenance issues to be spent.
The asset management system 50 can also provide information to maintenance system applications 66, and it not only warns the maintainer to note problem immediately, and takes the corrective action that will be needed to the problem of correcting such as ordering part etc.Further, can utilize to the asset management system 50 can with, but before the information of the disabled type of any individual system was produced new model 68.Certainly, will be understood that from Fig. 2 the asset management system 50 not only receives information or data from these data models and these analysis tools, but also receive information from Enterprise Resource instrument, maintenance tool and process control instrument.
And the user-interface routine 58 of one or more coordinations can communicate with any other application program in the asset management system 50 and the factory 10, to offer help to operator, maintainer, business people or the like and visual.These operators and other user can use the user-interface routine 58 of coordination carry out or realize PREDICTIVE CONTROL, change factory 10 setting, check information-related any other activity that in factory 10 help or execution and the asset management system 50 provide.
The asset management system 50 can carry out or monitor the execution of one or more mathematics or software model 56, and mathematics or software model 56 are used for the specific plant such as equipment, unit, loop, zone or the like in this factory of modelling or the operation of entity.By these models, the asset management system 50 can also define capability index or performance map by being compared with the determined identical parameters of being moved by the design parameter of modeled entity by basis of model by the determined one or more parameters of aforesaid these models.The healthy and strong index that other model can be used to indicate the healthy and strong of some equipment or other entity and be used to provide these entities of indication.For example, measure the indication that can be used as or convert to by determined some the input and output sensor errors of the regretional analysis of on some model, using to the stalwartness of these equipment.
Except capability index and healthy and strong index, the asset management system 50 can secondary index produce the index that routine 51 generates other type, for example, utilizes index and changeability index.Certain signal that changeability index indicating equipment, loop, unit or the like input or output or certain other parameter that is associated with equipment, loop, unit or the like change how much compare what have changed with this signal of expectation or parameter.This utilizes index, with a kind of form or another kind of form, follow the tracks of or whether the availability of reflection separate equipment, unit, loop or other entity and can providing about these entities based on the previous leveling base of determining or operational objective is excessively being utilized or certain indication of very few utilization.
An importance of the system of Fig. 1 is a user-interface routine 58, it provides the graphical user interface that integrates with the asset management system described here 50 (GUI), utilizes ability to carry out alternately so that user and the sundry assets that is provided by the asset management system 50 to be provided.Yet, before discussing GUI in more detail, will be recognized that this GUI can comprise one or more software routines, these software routines utilize any suitable programming language and technology to realize.Further, the software routines that constitutes this GUI can be stored and handle in such as single treating stations of the workstation in the factory 10, controller or the like or unit, perhaps alternately, the software routines of this GUI can utilize a plurality of processing units that connect that communicate with one another in the assets utilization system to be stored and to carry out with distributed way.
Preferably, but not necessarily, this GUI can utilize structure and the outward appearance based on image windows known to realize, the wherein a plurality of graphics views that interlink or the page comprise makes the user browse the one or more drop-down menus of these pages with the information of checking and/or retrieve particular type in the mode of expectation.By one or more corresponding page, view or the demonstration of this GUI, can the feature and/or the ability of the asset management system 50 described above be showed, visits, call or the like.In addition, constitute this GUI various demonstrations can with the mode of logic mutually link with fast user friendly and browse these intuitively and show with the information or the visit of retrieval particular type and/or call the certain capabilities of the asset management system 50.
In general, GUI described here provides the visual picture of process control zone, unit, loop, equipment or the like to describe or show.In these graphic presentations each can comprise many states and the capability index (wherein some or all can produce routine 51 by above-described index and produce) that is associated with the particular figure that is just shown by GUI.For example, the demonstration of describing the process control zone can provide one group to reflect the state in this zone (being the specific part of the specific grade that is in the device level of Process Control System) and the index of performance.On the other hand, the demonstration of describing loop can provide one group with this specific loop associated state and capability index.In any case, whether have problems in each in the equipment that the user can use at any view, the page or the index that illustrates in showing is described in this demonstration of rapid evaluation, loop or the like.
In addition, GUI described here can automatically or can provide maintenance information to the user in response to user's request.Any part of the asset management system 50 can provide maintenance information.Similarly, this GUI can display alarm information, process control information or the like, and it can also be provided by the asset management system 50.Further, this GUI can give information together with the problem that has occurred in factory 10 or may will occur to this user.These message can comprise describes this problem, suggestion may change (it can be implemented to alleviate current problem and maybe can be implemented to avoid potential problem), describe and can carry out to correct or to avoid the figure and/or the text message of the way or the like of problem system.
Fig. 3 is that expression can be described by the exemplary of demonstration of the unit 200 in the Process Control System of GUI demonstration.As shown in Figure 3, unit 200 comprises a plurality of equipment, for example, valve, pump, temperature transmitter or the like, all these can go out as shown carries out pattern description.In addition, this demonstration may further include line arrow and any other mark with logic and physical interconnections between the expression various device.Certainly, the diagrammatic representation of such Process Control System (or Process Control System part) is well known in the art, and therefore, the mode that realizes these diagrammatic representations or demonstration will be described in further detail no longer here.
Importantly, the demonstration of the GUI shown in Fig. 3 also comprises a plurality of index names and value 250.Especially, index name and value 250 comprise capability index, healthy and strong index, changeability index and utilize index, briefly discuss together with the asset management system 50 and index generation routine 51 more than all these.What index name and value 250 can go out as shown shows with table format or with the form of any other expectation.The performance and the state of index name and the whole unit 200 of value 250 expressions, therefore, the index value that illustrates be preferred but be not must by with handset group that constitutes unit 200 and/or equipment in each associated index value form.
Fig. 4 be can by GUI provide so that the user can fast investigation another exemplary describing of demonstration of warning message, condition or the like in the factory 10.The high-grade graphics view 300 of factory 10 can comprise the alert 320 with one or more unsettled warnings.In the warning in this alert each can be utilized with the unique alphanumeric indicator that is associated of equipment that generates warning or incident and represent.In addition, each in the warning in the title 320 can also comprise information button 340, and it can be selected to comprise with generation the pop-up window 350 of the more details relevant with this particular alarm by the user.Further, this user can also select the alphanumeric identifier that causes particular alarm at this equipment to investigate the possible cause of this warning.When the alphanumeric identifier was selected, this GUI can provide pop-up window 360.This pop-up window 360 can provide one or more response classifications 380, its can make things convenient for the user understand specific warning should be how processed and this warning when scope is processed.As an example, pop-up window 360 can be indicated: particular device is no longer communicated by letter, fault, this equipment need to safeguard immediately or this equipment requirements maintenance or some other attention soon this equipment.Certainly, it is more, still less and/or different response classifications to change use into.The alarm indication that is produced by this GUI in this point can be that (submission on November 7th, 2007) application number is the integrated demonstration described in 09/707,580 the U.S. Patent application (by reference it being herein incorporated specially hereby).Usually, this alarm indication can procedure for displaying be reported to the police and warning and as safeguard and report to the police and the warning of other type of warning and so on.In addition, the information about this warning such as the specifying information that the field 350 by this alert provides can send to GUI or send to the asset management system 50 together with this warning.
Fig. 5 A and Fig. 5 B can be provided and the user can be followed the tracks of to be described by the example of safeguarding the demonstrations of safeguarding order that order generation routine 54 produces automatically by GUI.The asset management system 50 can provide data to safeguarding that order produces routine 54, its make this routine in response to by the asset management system 50 and/or with the user that the asset management system 50 works find via GUI or the problem of identification or potential problems from movable property life safeguard order.For example, the asset management system 50 can receive diagnostic message, maintenance request or the like, and response maintenance system is produced be used to ask that the maintainer notes one or more problems safeguard that order is together with diagnostic message.Certainly, the details of safeguarding order of generation will depend on the type of detected problem or situation and be used to correct the canonical form of this problem, for example order part, goods and materials or the like.
Fig. 5 A illustrates display panel 370, and it can present to the user with the form of dialog box 372, and illustrates about safeguarding the various information of order (order in the example that illustrates " 1194 ").The display panel 370 that illustrates presents the various information such as position, type of device and report source (" Maximo ").This information is illustrative purposes for example, because can provide about plant asset and safeguard any information of order for the user.In addition, this general information can be filled according to previously stored data automatically.Except this general information, display panel 370 illustrates schedule information part 374, and data presentation estimated time that will produce automatically in schedule information part 374 is given this user.According to technology described here, this, data comprised by the asset management system 50 based on available work, material and the averaging time of service data or the estimation of historical time exploitation beginning (preposition) time 376 and estimated time to completion 378 estimated time.Display panel 370 also has dialog box 380 and 382, is used for importing respectively actual start time and deadline, and it can be used as about such historical time information data of safeguarding order afterwards.
Show in view of illustrating the general order of safeguarding that calculating estimated time is shown among Fig. 5 A, Fig. 5 B illustrates display panel 384, its estimation task 386 of safeguarding order (being labeled as work order " 1003 ") is shown and by the asset management system 50 in order to finish the estimated cost data 388 that these tasks produce automatically according to technology as described herein.In the example that illustrates, estimated cost data 388 are described automatically to determine finishes this and safeguards that order requires the cost data of working.By selecting label 390 and 392, the user can check the estimated cost information of material and instrument respectively.
Although Fig. 5 A and Fig. 5 B have described about the various information of safeguarding order and described, will be understood that these only illustrate for example and provide in different panels.User-interface routine 58 can any kind of mode, is included in the single demonstration or strides a plurality of display panels, and the sequence information of safeguarding that presents the data estimator that comprises automatic generation is given the user.In addition, with comparing of being described in the example of Fig. 5 A and Fig. 5 B, can offer other, the different or information still less of user.
As used herein, term " is safeguarded order " and will comprise that the application number of for example being quoted is the term that also is called " work order " in the example of 10/086,159 U.S. Patent application in the above.In addition, " safeguarding order " as used herein can also comprise maintenance request and work request.For example, in some systems, this system can only submit " work request " to and must take the action of " approval/appointment " this request subsequently, asks work order then.In any case employed here term " is safeguarded order " and can be comprised any this order or request.
Further, safeguard that order produces routine 54 and can comprise that commercial affairs are to the business communication function, it is under the situation that is with or without operator or maintainer interference, will be based on detected reality or forecasting problem in processing factory 10, communicate with order part, goods and materials or the like with supplier or other shop automatically.More specifically, based on by any data that provide in the asset management system 50 or the data analysis tool such as the wheelwork analysis tool or the prediction carried out, routine 54 can receiving equipment or the notice of the future problems of the current problem of other assets or prediction.Then, routine 54 via the Internet for example, phone, wireless or other communicate to connect automatic contact supplier and order part, device or goods and materials and before need changing, be dealt into factory 10 at equipment.By this way, safeguard that order produces 54 restriction stop times of routine or assists in ensuring that few or do not have owing to waiting for that part, device or goods and materials are to correct the stop time that this problem causes when problem is actual when occurring.Like this, it is more efficient that this fact makes factory 10.
Referring now to Fig. 6-9,, this GUI can provide other screen to the user with indication current problem or the future problems such as the problem of prediction, it can be detected by any data analysis tools in the asset management system 50 or the factory 10.Specifically, Fig. 6-9 illustrates rumble spectrum figure that the element such as axle in the rotating machinery of being carried out by the vibration analysis program 23 of Fig. 1 is shown and by the demonstration of this analysis tool based on detected situation of these figure or problem.For example, Fig. 6 illustrates detected uneven situation, and Fig. 7 illustrates detected misaligned situations, and Fig. 8 illustrates detected loosening situation, and Fig. 9 illustrates the situation of detected tired carrying.Other situation that certainly, also can show rotation or miscellaneous equipment based on the result of data analysis tool.Further, the result of these instruments can be used for making and safeguards that order produces routine 54 and automatically orders replacement part.
Except graphical demonstration sundry assets data, control system can also use the status information of collecting or drawing to monitor plant asset, the alert if that is identified for requiring safeguarding, the time of estimating to be used to carry out this maintenance and cost and based on such estimation by prioritizing and scheduled maintenance order.
Figure 10 illustrates according to an embodiment of the invention and can be used for determining example maintenance schedule device system 400 with the scheduled maintenance order based on certain estimation maintenance information of determining.In the example that illustrates, system 400 comprises control system 410, for example above-described control system 12 and 14, and itself and the assets such as smart devices communicate, and the tape spare of reporting to the police whether occurs to determine one of these assets.Control system 410 additionally or independently can with the asset management system communicate with based on such as by capability index, the healthy and strong index of assets utilization expert exploitation, utilize the model parameter index or the changeability index to determine alert if.When being performed under these index indication assets are being lower than the level of expectation, these index can be used for exploitation automatically and safeguard order (referring to for example Fig. 5 A and 5B) at corresponding unit, equipment, field apparatus, loop or the like.Usually, control system 410 will be connected to a plurality of assets by above-described controller.
In some instances, control system 410 is monitored assets continuously, and in some other example, control system 410 periodically, by time of scheduling or in response to for example from the instruction monitoring assets of procedures system or business system.Certainly, the alert if of being passed on can be based on single index or incident, and in other example, and this alert if can be based on a plurality of index or incident and based on single assets or a plurality of assets.Further, control system 410 can be developed alert if by the combined index of the combination of the various index of assets utilization expert modelization and exploitation based on expression.For example, can command control system 410 capability index and the healthy and strong index of assets be combined into the combined index that is used to generate alert if.Though this warning can be based on any other known tolerance.
When alert if was determined, control system 410 conveyed to maintenance system 420, maintenance system for example described above with the identity and the warning message condition of these assets.In other example, even when not having alert if, control system 410 also can be passed on the status information about assets, can be before reality warning occur under the situation of the predictive maintenance application program of predictive maintenance order as providing at maintenance system 420, and this may expect.Maintenance system 420 can will convey to the user to show via user-interface routine from the alert if of control system 410 or the prediction and alarm notice that produces at system 420 places.In addition, maintenance system 420 can be notified the maintainer this alert if, for example under the situation of the alert if in the emergency that requires to safeguard immediately attention.This this purpose, maintenance system 420 can be to carry out AMS
TMThe computing machine of application program or monitoring of any miscellaneous equipment and communication application program.In some cases, maintenance system 420 can reconfigure or carry out other maintenance activity about the assets that are connected thereto.Maintenance system 429 may not only be warned the maintainer to note problem immediately and take need be used for the corrective action of the problem of correcting such as being ordered part or the like.Yet, in the example that illustrates, replacing managing immediately to make and safeguard that order is generated and is scheduled in response to this warning, maintenance system 420 will safeguard that warning conveys to the asset management system 430 that maintains easily scheduling and safeguard the order generation.
When receiving this maintenance warning, these asset management system's 430 retrievals are used for determining to warn with this maintenance the data of the assets that are associated, and the asset management system 430 conveys to enterprise asset management system 440 with these assets, enterprise asset management system 440 collects and stores about safeguarding the historical data of order, specifically, as with the various maintenance items of safeguarding work, material and task that order is associated and so on.Enterprise asset management system 440 can be the IBM such as New York A Mengke
The system of Plant Maintenance System (factory's maintenance system) of the SAP AG of the Wa Erduofu of the Datastream (data stream) of the Infor Global Solutions (Infor global version) of Georgia Alpha Li Ta and Germany and so on.Enterprise asset management system 440 is not limited to these examples, and can be realized by other system.
For each assets, enterprise asset management system 440 determines the maintenance item that is associated with these assets and safeguards warning.Specifically, system 440 can be from maintenance task, data and the work information of corresponding system 450,460 and 470 retrieve stored, though and system 450,460 and 470 illustrates separatedly, any in them can be the part of individual system.For example, system 450 can comprise collect from maintenance system 420 or another maintenance system and listed the data that are required to be used for finishing the task of safeguarding order that is associated with determined assets.System 460 comprises the tabulation that is required to be used for to finish the material of maintenance task, and system 470 comprises the tabulation that requirement is used for carrying out the work of determined maintenance task.
System 450-470 can store about safeguarding the real data of item, and it adopts according to the form of safeguarding the historical data that order is worked out that carry out, that finish in the past on identical or similar asset equipment.Because these data are worked out according to the order of safeguarding of reality, so compare with data that estimate or plan, these data can be considered to real data.It is not the default data of working out according to the specific use of the assets in this process at least that system 450-470 can store the experience that was not according to the past.This default data may be developed and be stored in the corresponding system for each assets during installation.Can on factory or process grade, develop the data in the system that is stored in the 450-470 of system, perhaps for example can during device initialize, these data be advanced to these systems from smart machine.These data can comprise from before in these assets or the historical data of collecting in the maintenance work that similar assets are carried out.This historical data can comprise the data of the maintenance work that is reflected in the past of writing down on each unit, each zone, each processor, each loop or other base station.This historical data can comprise with in the past safeguard order relevant and any data of information to the asset management system 430 can be provided.
In any case, enterprise asset management system 440 will be respectively conveys to the asset management system 430 from these tasks, material and the work data of the 450-470 of system (promptly safeguard), estimating the finishing cost of safeguarding order and the time that is associated with this alert if, and generate this and safeguard order request.The asset management system 430 can determine to estimate maintenance information automatically, and it adopts the form based on the desired estimated cost of the data that receive from enterprise asset management system 440, estimated time and estimation material.
In shown example, this asset management system 430 is connected to enterprise asset management system 440 by factor interface 475, and it can also interconnect with other system such as maintenance system 420, control system 410 or business system.Interface 475 can be the wired network interface that is connected to external bus.Will be understood that interface 475 can be internet interface, telephone link, wireless communication link or other network interface that can be used for receiving or sending data by system.In addition, though in the example that illustrates, the asset management system 430 separates with enterprise asset management system 440, and in some instances, both can realize by the single computer systems such as the computer system 30 of Fig. 1.
The asset management system 430 determine these estimations maintenance informations and produce comprise the estimation maintenance information safeguard order request (as the order request of safeguarding of Fig. 5 A and 5B), it then is transferred back to enterprise asset management system 440 and safeguards order to dispatch this.Will be understood that in other example 430 of the asset management systems provide estimation maintenance information, asset data and maintenance to warn to another system (comprising the enterprise asset management system), this another system then produces automatically and safeguards order.
Figure 11 and Figure 12 illustrate respectively the time that will carry out by the asset management system 430 and another data flow diagram of cost estimating production process are shown.Figure 11 illustrates the time and estimates generator 500, and it can be the part of the asset management system 430, though shown in the example that illustrates for to separate with it.Time estimates that the generator 500 and the work system 502 of the availability of the work information that can determine to obtain from system 470 communicate.Time estimates that the generator 500 and the material system 504 of the availability of the material that can determine to determine from system 460 communicate.Time estimate generator 500 further with the averaging time that can be identified for finishing this maintenance item of safeguarding order and with whole safeguard that order is associated averaging time value time average system 506 communicate.
Usually, time estimation generator 500 can be determined data estimated time, the order T.T. amount from start to end of safeguarding that this data reflection estimated time is to be finished.Estimate this it can is the combination of deadline of the lead time estimated (for example, measured be initiated to the planned start time that this safeguards order) and estimation from this maintenances warning T.T..System 502,504 and 506 can respectively produce customizing messages analyzed estimated time.Time, estimator system 500 then can select the longest time as estimated time from collected data.
For example, whether available whether system 502 can determine to work or exist requirement to be used for ratifying lead time with assign task, is about to become the lead time of the part of data estimator.This information can be determined by the asset management system 430 being connected to commercial affairs and maintenance system.
Can be the longest lead time and the deadline of obtaining from system 502,504 or 506 respectively by estimator 500 for the specific lead time and the deadline of safeguarding the order estimation.
Figure 12 illustrates estimator 600, and it can determine to safeguard the cost estimating of order, and wherein this estimation can be to comprise being used for carrying out the cost of parts of maintenance and the financial cost of labour cost on specific unit.In some instances, this cost can comprise the trade type cost, and it comprises owing to safeguarding the cost of the stop time that is associated with execution on assets.Comparing under the situation that the delay of finishing in the certain maintenance order process may cause higher cost (increasing unsalable) with carrying out the delay of experiencing during other safeguards order, such estimation can be favourable.System 602 determines the work rate cost; System 604 determines material cost; And system 604 determines and each average unit cost that is associated in the maintenance task.Among the 602-606 of these systems each can on the whole or be based in part on to the default cost information of each setting in work, material or the task determines cost.Yet the estimated cost information from these systems can be the real data that is stored as historical data and represents before to have safeguarded the real cost of order in addition.
Just explanation for example, material, work and the task datas by estimator 500 and 600 assessments can comprise such as the attending device of parts list, requirement, the data of specific people's project, installation manual, obedience mandate, safety program details and so on such as protective device.
Enterprise asset management system 440 can be in many ways and based on safeguarding of receiving estimation that order is associated or non-data estimator in anyly come the scheduled maintenance order.In some instances, system 440 can using multivariate model (comprising the high-order model such as 2,3 and 4 rank differential models), to analyze data estimator and other status information such as healthy and strong index, capability index, changeability index and availability index to produce the maintenance schedule table.Status data can be transmitted from the asset management system 430 (as system 50) that is connected to network interface 475.
As scheduler, EAM 440 can with prioritizing all unsettled safeguard order and new estimate safeguard orders, to be stored in the storage medium and to adopt the form of database.Equally, EAM 440 can receive each new estimation safeguard order the time updated stored the maintenance schedule table, based on the new data estimator of order of safeguarding as required again with prioritizing maintenance schedule table.
When generating or upgrade dispatch list, EAM 440 can to safeguard order rank with by dispatch list by in the time execution that generates and reproducting periods is determined.Because each safeguards that order is that agreement is carried out, perhaps advantageously at each order before the start time and have time enough allow to transmit and receive, so EAM 440 can pass on desired parts list, order and any other to order for for information about seller's computing system to carry out part automatically by known technology.In other example, when safeguard the order start time near the time, EAM 440 can instruct the business system computing machine to finish part and order.
Figure 13 illustrates the instance data element of safeguarding order 700, and it can be by the asset management system 430 storage, safeguards order data as what EAM used in scheduling process.In the example that illustrates, safeguard that order data 700 is divided into field, the corresponding field of each in the different pieces of information element that provides by this system.The index of as described above all and those index that determine at the asset management system 430 places and so on is stored in the storage area 702.The asset management system 430 can store in storage area 704 and form the maintenance item of safeguarding order, and for example, such maintenance item is determined from system 460.The asset management system 430 can estimate the lead time data in the storage of storage area 706 places, in storage area 708 places storage estimated time to completion data, and in storage area 710 places storage estimated cost data.In the estimated time value each can be for example to concern that list, form or the like form is linked to each in the maintenance item of being stored.The asset management system 430 storage area 712 places storages can from system 470 and 450 receive such as essential personnel's data of safeguarding team's size.The general information about safeguarding order such as being used to carry out the specific instruction of safeguarding order is stored in storage area 714 places.Figure 13 illustrates and can be the example of the specific data of safeguarding the order storage, can carry out and other, the less or different data of scheduling storage by being required to be order.
As will be described as further below, because can change estimated time and the cost that order is associated of safeguarding with other scheduling to the change of certain maintenance order, so the part of data information element 700 is reserved proceeding to the cross reference that other safeguards order, other safeguards that in the order each can be determined by the fixed maintenance order identifier title that is stored in regional 716 places.List at the cross-reference data at regional 718 places and previous to safeguard order by other of the asset management system 430 or enterprise asset management system 440 signs, it has the item that depends on the relevant copula of safeguarding order 700.For example, the item that is stored in the zone 704 can comprise the item of safeguarding order that is used for subsequently, as long as these projects are in operating conditions.In some instances, determine that in response to the initial asset management system 430 cross-reference data can be stored by EAM 440 together with any other non-estimation maintenance information corresponding to the assets of safeguarding warning.In other example, information element 700 can safeguard that order is generated after having been produced by the asset management system 430.
Cross reference can be realized automatically.Cross reference can also comprise by what process personnel, business people or maintainer manually determined safeguards the order item.For example, though there is no need to rely on identical device or personnel, process personnel can recognize that a plurality of orders of safeguarding on the particular rack should be carried out together to minimize the stop time of this unit.In this case; though serve as the EAM440 of scheduler be programmed with dispatch identical unit safeguard order with immediately the order operate; but cross reference zone 718 will be as the protection of another layer; in order to avoid ordering again in unfavorable mode, EAM 440 safeguards order, only because during order is safeguarded in one of execution, environment change has taken place.For example, confirmable is that the optimum of maintenance schedule table is carried out can relate in response to the delay in the process of carrying out certain maintenance events and postponed whole dispatch list, safeguards that order is to avoid the dead halt time but not reschedule.By the store interleaving reference information, the different orders of safeguarding can be linked at together to carry out continuously.
In any case after developing the dispatch list of safeguarding order, EAM 440 then is placed on order identifier in the priority data zone 720.
Figure 14 illustrates example and safeguards adjusting data table 750.This tables of data illustrates a plurality of orders of safeguarding, is labeled as MO1, MO2, MO3 for convenience's sake, and is stored with the order of the execution that is scheduled.In the example that illustrates, when each was performed, this data field can be moved to left, and wherein when safeguarding that order is finished, the field of clauses and subclauses MO2 is moved to clauses and subclauses MO1 or the like.Each safeguards that order comprises and the above data field that is associated about the data field of Figure 13 discussion that therefore, identical Reference numeral is used.Tables of data 750 is included in the storage of 720 places and the sign row indication priority data of safeguarding the order that order will be performed wherein.
Maintenance schedule table as discussed above, that EAM 440 can real-time update be stored in response to the change that takes place during safeguarding order in execution.For example, if the maintainer encounters problems during order is safeguarded in execution, for example, plant failure, the new warning request of determining of safeguarding order, the availability issue of not expecting, then EAM 440 can be programmed to reschedule the order of safeguarding of queuing according to the environment that changes.Figure 15 illustrates the example procedure that can be carried out by EAM 440 in response to such environment.Piece 802 receives the current dispatch list of safeguarding.Piece 804 then determines effectively to safeguard order, can be any current order of safeguarding of safeguarding order or pending queuing such as any that is performed.Piece 806 for example by GUI to user's poll maintenance of state information, and the time determine that in response whether on time this effectively safeguard order scheduling.Piece 806 can be to for example commercial affairs and maintenance system poll.
If safeguarding that order was dispatched with the time of estimating finishes on time, then piece 808 determines whether other effective orders of safeguarding exist, and turn back to piece 804 in this case.
If order is scheduling on time, then piece 810 is determined to postpone whether influence to be stored on the dispatch list other and is safeguarded between order.Piece 810 for example can be determined the new plan deadline and determine that whether this deadline conflict with the planned start time that other safeguards order (for example requiring just to be safeguarded order by those of the identical maintainer of this delayed maintenance order use or identical attending device with current).If potential conflict exists, then control is passed to piece 812 to reschedule the maintenance schedule table.Safeguard order or exist potential conflict and the GUI that need reschedule to indicate but piece 812 is programmed to reschedule automatically so that personnel's manual adjustment is safeguarded order for personnel provide.Piece 812 for example can be notified personnel by the user-interface routine 58 of Fig. 2.In this case, before proceeding to piece 808, piece 812 can be waited for the instruction from personnel.In some instances, piece 812 can be fully implemented in the enterprise asset management system.In certain embodiments, piece 812 can comprise at least control is delivered to temporarily the asset management system with at safeguard and in response to the environment that changes to estimating that maintenance information reappraises.If after rescheduling the maintenance schedule table, piece 808 determines not have the other order of safeguarding to exist, and then process finishes.
Referring now to Figure 16,, will the long-range method that provides the visit of maintenance schedule device, a maintenance estimator and other data analysis tool be described.As illustrating among Figure 16, one or more processing factories 900,901,902 and 903 operate independently.Among the 900-903 of factory each is periodically collected the data about this factory, comprising: safeguard order, estimate maintenance information and actual maintenance information and maintenance schedule table, then send these data to DPA data processing activity or remote monitoring mechanism 910.In order to finish this function, each among the 900-903 of factory has user interface or server 900A-903A and these servers and is connected to remote monitoring mechanism 910 via any desired communication network such as the Internet or WWW.
Remote monitoring mechanism 910 can comprise web page server 912, and process 900-903 communicates by letter with remote monitoring mechanism 910 by web page server 912.Each factory can be as the above implementation of describing with reference to Fig. 1-15.For the process of process of system 400 and so on, each factory can be not only with factory in system communicate, and can obtain from other factory via monitor control mechanism 910 and safeguard sequence information.For example, factory 902 can obtain about safeguarding the historical data of item by communicating from factory 900,901 and 903 with remote monitoring mechanism 910.Under specific factory may not have situation for the specific historical data of safeguarding the maintenance item that order is determined, this may be useful especially.Communication for convenience, remote monitoring mechanism 910 can also comprise one or more processors 914, it has the database that is associated that is used to store plant data.Processor 914 can the visit data monitoring tools and is carried out the data monitoring tools, it comprises application program in the computer system of Fig. 1 for example any one or any one in the instrument, and process control instrument for example as described herein, process monitoring instrument, device or monitoring of tools instrument, index produce instrument, safeguard that order produces any one in instrument, commercial affairs or other instrument or the application program.In an example, application number is that the process monitoring instrument described in 09/256,585 and 09/499,445 the U.S. Patent application can be used for the monitor procedure parameter.
Although system 400 and other process component have been described to preferably realize with software that they can be realized with hardware, firmware or the like, and can be realized by any other processor that is associated with Process Control System 10.Therefore, element as described herein can be realized in standard multi-usage CPU or on custom-designed hardware such as special IC (ASIC) or other hard wired devices or firmware as required.When realizing with software, software routines can be stored on any computer-readable memory, for example at disk, CD or other storage medium, and in the RAM or ROM of computing machine or processor, in any database or the like.Equally, this software can be delivered to user or processing factory via any transmission method known or expectation, these methods for example comprise computer readable diskette or other portable computer stores mechanism or by the communication channel such as telephone line, internet, radio communication channel or the like (its be counted as with provide via portable storage media this software the same or can with this software exchange is provided via portable storage media).Equally, although be described to may be as rule-based expert in system 400, expert's machine of other type also can be used, and comprises the expert who uses other given data digging technology.
Therefore, although with reference to specific case description the present invention, it only is intended to example the present invention and unrestricted the present invention, those of ordinary skills it will be understood that, under situation without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, can change disclosed embodiment, replenish or deletion.
Claims (41)
1. automatic method of scheduled maintenance order in processing factory, this processing factory comprises a plurality of assets, described method comprises:
Order is safeguarded in maintenance warning generation in response at least one assets in described a plurality of assets;
Produce the described estimation maintenance information of safeguarding order, described estimation maintenance information indication and described estimated time or the estimated cost of safeguarding that order is associated;
Described estimation maintenance information is sent to is used among a plurality of other safeguarded order the described maintenance schedule device of safeguarding order of scheduling; And
Based on the described order of safeguarding of described estimation maintenance information scheduling, described scheduling causes comprising the described maintenance schedule table of safeguarding order.
2. method according to claim 1 comprises further producing estimated time to completion as described described estimated time of safeguarding order that described estimation maintenance information comprises described estimated time to completion.
3. method according to claim 1 comprises further producing and estimates the start time as described described estimated time of safeguarding order that described estimation maintenance information comprises the described estimation start time.
4. method according to claim 1 comprises further producing the described described estimated cost of safeguarding order that described data estimator comprises described estimated cost.
5. method according to claim 1 wherein based on described estimation maintenance information, safeguards that with described a plurality of other in order at least one safeguard that order compares, and gives described order higher priority or the low priority more safeguarded.
6. method according to claim 5, wherein said a plurality of other safeguard that in the order each safeguard that order is corresponding to different assets.
7. method according to claim 1 further comprises based on the described order of safeguarding of current asset data scheduling.
8. method according to claim 7, wherein said current asset data comprises healthy and strong index, capability index, availability index or changeability index.
9. method according to claim 1 further comprises:
Collection had before been safeguarded the historical data of order corresponding at least one of described maintenance warning; And
Determine described estimation maintenance information based on described historical data.
10. method according to claim 9, wherein said historical data comprise described at least one before safeguarded maintenance task information, work information or the material information of order.
11. method according to claim 9, wherein said historical data comprise described at least one before safeguarded the average deadline of order.
12. method according to claim 9, wherein said historical data comprise described at least one before safeguarded the average unit cost of order.
13. method according to claim 9, wherein in response to the maintenance of at least one other assets in described a plurality of assets warning finish described at least one before safeguarded order.
14. method according to claim 9 further is included in and finishes described the maintenance after the order, utilizes the described actual maintenance task information of order, actual work information and the described historical data of real material information correction safeguarded.
15. method according to claim 1 further comprises sending described maintenance schedule table to maintainer.
16. method according to claim 1 further comprises in response to the change of described estimation maintenance information and revises described maintenance schedule table.
17. according to the described method of claim 1, wherein receive data comprise receive with two line equipment, three-way equipment, four line equipment, wireless device, equipment, variable speed drive, controller, multiplexer, wheelwork, actuator, Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT), power distribution equipment, transmitter, sensor, control system, transceiver, valve, steady arm, switch, electric device, server, portable equipment, pump, I/O system, smart devices, non-smart field devices, HART protocol devices, Fieldbus protocol devices with processor,
Protocol devices,
Protocol devices,
Protocol devices, AS-interface protocol equipment, CAN protocol devices, ICP/IP protocol equipment, ethernet device, based on the relevant data of state one of in the equipment of internet and the network communication equipment.
18. the method for an automatic scheduled maintenance order in processing factory, this method comprises:
Produce in response to the maintenance of the assets in described processing factory warning and to safeguard order, describedly safeguard that order comprises and be used to finish the described maintenance item of safeguarding order;
Reception is about the described real data of safeguarding item;
Reception is about the described estimation maintenance information of safeguarding item;
Described real data and described estimation maintenance information are compared to produce the described estimation maintenance information of safeguarding order, this indication of estimation maintenance information and described estimated time or the estimated cost of safeguarding that order is associated;
Generation comprises describedly safeguards order and based on the maintenance schedule table of described estimation maintenance information.
19. method according to claim 18 is wherein given the described order higher priority of safeguarding based on described estimation maintenance information in described maintenance schedule.
20. method according to claim 18 wherein produces described maintenance schedule table and comprises that further the current state information based on described assets produces described maintenance schedule table.
21. method according to claim 20, wherein said current state information are healthy and strong index, capability index, availability index or changeability index.
22. method according to claim 18 wherein safeguards that about described the real data of item is the historical data of collecting from the maintenance item of finishing of safeguarding order.
23. method according to claim 22 further comprises from the enterprise asset management system receiving described historical data.
24. method according to claim 22, wherein said historical data comprise the described average deadline of safeguarding order of finishing.
25. method according to claim 25, wherein said historical data comprise the described average unit cost of finishing of safeguarding order.
26. method according to claim 18 wherein comprises that about the described real data of item of safeguarding leading dimension protects mission bit stream, work information or material information.
27. a system that is used for estimating to safeguard order in process control environment, wherein said process control environment comprises a plurality of equipment, and described system comprises:
Computer-readable memory;
Be stored on the described computer-readable memory and be suitable on processor carrying out with maintenance warning and produce first group of instruction safeguarding order in response to one of described a plurality of equipment;
Be stored on the described computer-readable memory and be suitable on processor carrying out to produce described second group of instruction safeguarding the estimation maintenance information of order, described estimation maintenance information is indicated and described estimated time or the estimated cost of safeguarding that order is associated;
Be stored on the described computer-readable memory and be suitable on processor carrying out so that the described order of safeguarding is sent to the 3rd group of instruction of maintenance schedule device; And
Be stored on the described computer-readable memory and be suitable on processor carrying out the 4th group of instruction with the development and maintenance dispatch list, described maintenance schedule table is pressed prioritizing based on described estimation maintenance information with the described order of safeguarding.
28. system according to claim 27 further comprises:
Be stored on the described computer-readable memory and be suitable on processor carrying out the 5th group of instruction of data that is used to discern the state of described a plurality of equipment with reception; And
Be stored on the described computer-readable memory and be suitable on processor carrying out the 6th group of instruction that produces described maintenance warning with the data of discerning the state of described a plurality of equipment in response to being used to of being received.
29. system according to claim 27 further comprises being stored on the described computer-readable memory and being suitable on processor carrying out to safeguard that by more described estimation maintenance information and other order develops the 5th group of instruction of described maintenance schedule table with the described order of safeguarding by excellent rank order.
30. system according to claim 27 further comprises being stored on the described computer-readable memory and being suitable on processor carrying out described maintenance schedule table is sent to maintainer's the 5th group of instruction.
31. system according to claim 27 further comprises being stored on the described computer-readable memory and being suitable on processor carrying out to produce estimated time to completion as described the 5th group of instruction safeguarding the estimated time of order.
32. system according to claim 27 further comprises being stored on the described computer-readable memory and being suitable on processor carrying out to produce and estimating that the start time is as described the 5th group of instruction safeguarding the described estimated time of order.
33. system according to claim 27 further comprises being stored on the described computer-readable memory and being suitable on processor carrying out to produce the 5th group of instruction of described estimated cost.
34. system according to claim 27 further comprises being stored on the described computer-readable memory and being suitable on processor carrying out to develop the 5th group of instruction of described maintenance schedule table based on current asset data.
35. system according to claim 27 further comprises:
Be stored on the described computer-readable memory and be suitable on processor carrying out to collect the 5th group of instruction of at least one historical data of before having safeguarded order; And
Be stored on the described computer-readable memory and be suitable on processor carrying out to determine the 6th group of instruction of described estimation maintenance information based on described historical data.
36. system according to claim 35, wherein said historical data comprise described at least one before safeguarded maintenance task information, work information or the material information of order.
37. system according to claim 35, wherein said historical data comprise described at least one before safeguarded the average deadline of order.
38. system according to claim 35, wherein said historical data comprise described at least one before safeguarded the average unit cost of order.
39. system according to claim 35 further comprises being stored on the described computer-readable memory and being suitable on processor carrying out to utilize the 7th group of instruction of actual maintenance task information, actual work information or the described historical data of real material information correction.
40. system according to claim 35, wherein have the plant asset that one of described described a plurality of equipment of safeguarding order are the first kind, and wherein said at least one safeguarded before that order was performed on the plant asset of second type different with the plant asset of the described first kind.
41., further comprise being stored on the described computer-readable memory and being suitable on processor carrying out to revise the 5th group of instruction of described maintenance schedule table in response to the change of described estimation maintenance information according to the described system of claim 27.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510191079.5A CN104914825B (en) | 2007-05-15 | 2008-03-13 | Automatic maintenance assessment in the environment of plant |
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| US11/803,507 US10410145B2 (en) | 2007-05-15 | 2007-05-15 | Automatic maintenance estimation in a plant environment |
| US11/803,507 | 2007-05-15 | ||
| PCT/US2008/056841 WO2008144101A2 (en) | 2007-05-15 | 2008-03-13 | Automatic maintenance estimation in a plant environment |
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| CN201510191079.5A Division CN104914825B (en) | 2007-05-15 | 2008-03-13 | Automatic maintenance assessment in the environment of plant |
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| CN101939714A true CN101939714A (en) | 2011-01-05 |
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| CN201510191079.5A Active CN104914825B (en) | 2007-05-15 | 2008-03-13 | Automatic maintenance assessment in the environment of plant |
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| CN201510191079.5A Active CN104914825B (en) | 2007-05-15 | 2008-03-13 | Automatic maintenance assessment in the environment of plant |
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| EP (1) | EP2150865B1 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104914825B (en) | 2019-01-22 |
| US20080288321A1 (en) | 2008-11-20 |
| JP5307799B2 (en) | 2013-10-02 |
| EP2150865B1 (en) | 2019-11-20 |
| CN104914825A (en) | 2015-09-16 |
| WO2008144101A2 (en) | 2008-11-27 |
| JP2010527486A (en) | 2010-08-12 |
| EP2150865A2 (en) | 2010-02-10 |
| US10410145B2 (en) | 2019-09-10 |
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