CN101938215A - Voltage detection control device and method - Google Patents
Voltage detection control device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101938215A CN101938215A CN2009101512519A CN200910151251A CN101938215A CN 101938215 A CN101938215 A CN 101938215A CN 2009101512519 A CN2009101512519 A CN 2009101512519A CN 200910151251 A CN200910151251 A CN 200910151251A CN 101938215 A CN101938215 A CN 101938215A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a voltage detection control device and a method. At least two phases of a three-phase supply are respectively connected with a load end through each winding of an autotransformer; taps are respectively drawn out of each winding from positions with different number of turns and are connected with the load end respectively by a switch group; each switch group is controlled by a detection control unit; the detection control unit takes one group with the lowest voltage to judge whether the voltage thereof is higher than the reference voltage value; if yes, the switch group is switched to convert the secondary side of each winding of the autotransformer to different taps so as to lower voltage input into the power supply, and then, the lowered voltage is supplied for the load end. Thus, on the premise of ensuring electrical safety, unnecessary energy loss is avoided, and the power utilization efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of detecting voltage control device and method, but refer to that especially a kind of phase voltage of effective monitoring power supply changes, and then adjust its magnitude of voltage to avoid the apparatus for monitoring power supply of the meaningless loss of electric power, raising power consumption efficiency.
Background technology
The general household electricity in Taiwan is single-phase 110V at present, and particular places such as factory, hospital and school owing to need big electric power, adopt three phase mains.Reason is that three phase mains has higher efficient than single phase poaer supply, and can find out good and bad place by the application of single phase poaer supply and three phase mains:
1. rectified three-phase circuit has lower ripple and higher power than single phase rectifier circuit.
2. when three phase mains transmitted identical electric power with single phase poaer supply, the comparable single phase poaer supply of three phase mains was saved pressure drop and the power loss of half.
3. the more single-phase volume of threephase generator, transformer, motor is little and inexpensive.
4. the threephase motor characteristic is preferable and efficient is high, can produce rotating magnetic field voluntarily, and single-phase motor then need install actuating coil additional.
5. three-phase system is to be formed by complete single-phase sinusoidal wave the integration, can select single-phase voluntarily or the three-phase use by the user, single-phase then Hobson's choice.
From the above, the many advantage of three phase mains in utilization, so the bigger place of power consumption, factory, hospital and school etc. select the higher three phase mains of efficient naturally for use as the aforementioned; And desirable wherein two-phase is to select to use single phase poaer supply when as mentioned before, adopting three phase mains.Yet, though generally think that three phase mains has higher efficient and selectivity, on the power consumption efficiency with regard to load end, still not without treating self-criticism discussion part:
By general people's livelihood electricity consumption is 220V/110V, as take three phase mains, (UV between each phase, VW, WU) voltage is 220V, if get wherein two-phase (UV) as single phase poaer supply, its voltage also is 220V, but for considering the loss in the electric power transfer process and making user side have the power supply of enough voltage to use, (it is a lot of that voltage WU) all is higher than 220V for UV, VW between each phase of general three phase mains, however, when user side is selected three phase mains or got wherein two-phase when using single phase poaer supply, user side still need be converted to higher phase voltage relative low-voltage and (as 200～220V), yet promptly cause the meaningless loss of electric power in the transfer process of aforementioned high relatively low-voltage, this loss not only will be married again user's use cost, also cause waste simultaneously with regard to whole electric power resource.
From the above, still have suitable self-criticism space on the service efficiency about three phase mains, so remain further to be sought actively feasible solution.
Summary of the invention
Therefore main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of detecting voltage control device, in order to detect the change in voltage of each phase before entering user side at power supply earlier, and use by user side again after being adjusted to suitable magnitude of voltage, thereby avoid the meaningless loss of electric power, raising power consumption efficiency.
Be that aforesaid voltage detecting control device comprises for reaching the major technique means that aforementioned purpose takes:
Autotransformer has a plurality of windings, and each winding has primary side and secondary side respectively, and wherein primary side is connected with two of input three phase mains respectively at least, and its secondary side is pulled out tap respectively in the different numbers of turn, selectively to constitute a phase power output end;
Switches set has a plurality of electromagnetic switch and corresponding make and break contact, and make and break contact is divided between each tap of each winding secondary side of autotransformer; The whether excitatory switching that determines corresponding make and break contact by electromagnetic switch;
The detecting control unit, connect with the power output end mutually of each winding of autotransformer and the electromagnetic switch of switches set respectively, thereby judge each phase voltage of input power supply, and the switching of each make and break contact of control switch group, taps different on the phase power output end that makes each winding of autotransformer and the secondary side connect, after will importing power supply thus and carrying out step-down, send by each phase power output end again;
This detecting control unit further includes:
A plurality of phase voltage detecting circuits, it has input and output respectively, and the power output end mutually of its input and each winding of autotransformer connects, and detecting this phase power source voltage value, and is converted to direct voltage and is sent by output;
The multiplex (MUX) selects circuit, and it has a plurality of inputs and at least one output, and each input is connected with the output of each phase voltage detecting circuit respectively, is sent by output with the output signal of selecting one of them phase voltage detecting circuit;
Microprocessor, it has a plurality of inputs and a plurality of output, and one of them input selects circuit to be connected with the multiplex (MUX);
Commutation circuit, mainly formed by driver and a plurality of relay, this driver is controlled by microprocessor, each relay has make and break contact, each make and break contact is connected between the electromagnetic switch and power supply of aforementioned switches group, so that pass through the whether excitatory of this driver and each electromagnetic switch of relay control switch group by microprocessor.
Utilize the aforementioned circuit design guaranteeing under the prerequisite of Electrical Safety, the multi-segment voltage handoff functionality is provided, when the primary side of each autotransformer is connected with two of input power supply respectively at least, opening under the beginning state, switches set is failure to actuate, three phase mains will be sent by each phase power output end of autotransformer, each phase voltage will be selected the output of each phase voltage detecting circuit of circuit poll and detected by the multiplex (MUX), and then deliver to the microprocessor interpretation respectively, this microprocessor will judge in advance that in each phase voltage which is for minimum, reference voltage value with this minimum phase voltage and setting compares again, if minimum phase voltage is lower than reference voltage value, even three phase mains is directly sent, if be higher than this reference voltage value, then microprocessor will be looked this minimum phase voltage greater than reference voltage value in various degree, by the make and break contact in the commutation circuit selection connection switches set, make the phase power output end of each winding of autotransformer switch with secondary side on different tap connections, this moment, each winding promptly became step-down transformer, will import power supply and go ahead of the rest and send into user side again after the step-down; Thus, not only can avoid meaningless power consumption waste, also can guarantee normal power supply user side.
What deserve particular mention is: whether this microprocessor decision is to importing the Rule of judgment that power supply carries out step-down, be that phase voltage with the minimum wherein phase of voltage in the input power supply is as judging object, but not get the mean value of each phase voltage, reason is: the prerequisite that improves power consumption efficiency should be that Electrical Safety is guaranteed.So-called Electrical Safety refers to import power source voltage and should not be lower than safe critical value, if voltage subcritical value promptly can influence Electrical Safety.Therefore, if the mean value of getting each phase voltage is as judging object, because each phase power source voltage may be because of uneven different, under this situation, if the mean value of getting each phase voltage is as judging object, though mean value is higher than critical value, but when carrying out the voltage adjustment, each phase voltage is downgraded identical value simultaneously, under this situation, promptly may cause a certain phase voltage subcritical value and directly impact Electrical Safety; Based on aforementioned security reason, the present invention does not adopt the mean value of each phase voltage as judging object, and with minimum phase voltage as judging object, under this situation, as long as minimum phase voltage is higher than reference voltage value, other must be higher than reference voltage value mutually, when at the same time each phase voltage being downgraded, the situation of a certain phase voltage subcritical value can not take place, thereby can effectively guarantee Electrical Safety.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the distribution schematic diagram of one embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 A is the first of the detailed circuit diagram of one embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 B is the second portion of the detailed circuit diagram of one embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 C is the complete circuit of the preferred embodiment of the present invention of the circuit diagram merging among Fig. 2 A and Fig. 2 B.
Fig. 3 is the distribution schematic diagram of the another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 A and Fig. 2 B are two parts enlarged drawings of the circuit diagram of same embodiment, with the details of presentation graphs 2C clearly.
The main element symbol description
10 autotransformers, 11～13 windings
20 switches set, 21～24 electromagnetic switch
31～33 phase voltage detecting circuits
310～330 computings (OP) amplifier
40 multiplex (MUX)s select circuit 41 microcontrollers
42 multiplexers, 43 amplifiers
50 microprocessors, 60 commutation circuits
61 drivers, 70 power circuits
71 voltage stabilizing circuits
100 detecting control units
Embodiment
About a preferred embodiment of the present invention, be application scenario, at first see also shown in Figure 1ly that it comprises autotransformer 10 at three phase mains, this autotransformer 10 is provided with three windings 11～13 on same iron core, each winding 11～13 has primary side and secondary side respectively, and its primary side constitutes each phase power input (R, S of three phase mains respectively, T), then (U, V W) connect its secondary side with power output end mutually respectively; And the secondary side of each winding 11～13 is pulled out tap (U, U3 at different numbers of turn place respectively, U2, U1), (V, V3, V2, V1), (W, W3, W2, W1), one of them tap (high-pressure side) (U of each winding 11～13, V, W) respectively with power output end (U, V mutually, W) connect other taps (U3, U2, U1), (V3, V2, V1), (W3, W2, W1) a plurality of make and break contacts (MFL, the MFM by switches set 20 respectively then, MFH MR) interconnects, described make and break contact (MFL, MFM, MFH, MR) it opens and closes the road by electromagnetic switch corresponding in the switches set 20 21～24 controls respectively, when different electromagnetic switch 21～24 is excitatory, will make corresponding make and break contact (MFL, MFM, MFH MR) changes into closure, and each winding 11～13 is by different tap (U3 then, V3, W3), (U2, V2, W2) or (U1, V1 is W1) with power output end (U, V mutually, W) connect, because tap (U, U3, the U2 of each winding 11～13, U1), (V, V3, V2, V1), (W, W3, W2, W1) number of turn is to be successively decreased to low-pressure end by high-pressure side, it represents different step-down ratios respectively, as the tap of lower end more and power output end (U mutually, V is when W) connecting, by phase power output end (U, V, the phase voltage of W) sending is then low more.
Each electromagnetic switch 21～24 whether excitatory controlled by detecting control unit 100 in the aforementioned switches group 20, sees also shown in Fig. 2 A or Fig. 2 B about the particular circuit configurations of this detecting control unit 100, and it comprises:
A plurality of phase voltage detecting circuits 31～33, form by transformer T2～T4, bridge rectifier BD3～BD5 and 310～330 in computing (OP) amplifier respectively, the primary side of this transformer T2～T4 respectively with the aforementioned (U of power output end mutually, V, W) connect, to obtain its voltage between phases (U-V respectively, V-W, W-U), the secondary side of transformer T2～T4 is connected with the input of bridge rectifier BD3～BD5, phase voltage after step-down is rectified into direct voltage, delivers to OP amplifier 310～330 again and carry out the signal amplification;
The multiplex (MUX) selects circuit 40, mainly form by microcontroller 41, multiplexer 42 and amplifier 43, this microcontroller 41 has a plurality of inputs and at least one output, this multiplexer 42 has a plurality of inputs, at least one output and control end, and the output of aforementioned each phase voltage detecting circuit 31～33 is connected with the input of microcontroller 41 and multiplexer 42 respectively, and the control end of multiplexer 42 is connected with the output of microcontroller 41; Thus, utilize the switching of microcontroller 41 control multiplexers 42, each phase voltage can be switched alternately by the multiplex (MUX) of multiplexer 42 and deliver to amplifier 43 and carry out signal and amplify;
Microprocessor 50, as the s operation control maincenter, it can supply to judge the minimum phase voltage of voltage, and compares with the reference voltage value of setting; This microprocessor 50 has a plurality of inputs and a plurality of output, two input R41 wherein, be respectively equipped with variable resistor VR5 on the R42, VR4, for setting aforementioned reference voltage value, so that compare with each phase voltage that detects, its another input R40 is connected with aforementioned amplifier 43, each phase voltage signal that is detected with reception;
Power circuit 70, give each circuit of aforementioned detecting control unit and the electricity consumption of switches set 20 in order to the supply working power, it comprises transformer T1, two bridge rectifier BD1, BD2 and voltage stabilizing circuit 71, the primary side of this transformer T1 and the aforementioned (U of power output end mutually, V, wherein two being connected W), to obtain single-phase AC power, this AC power is delivered to two bridge rectifier BD1 respectively after transformer T1 step-down, the input of BD2, to be rectified into DC power supply, through the dc supply of 24V is provided after one of them bridge rectifier BD1 rectification, then carry out voltage stabilizing through voltage stabilizing circuit 71 again by the DC power supply after another bridge rectifier BD2 rectification, so that many group dc supplies and reference voltage to be provided.
Can understand detailed circuit structure of the present invention by above-mentioned explanation, as for its working method as detailed below:
Phase power input (R on autotransformer 10 each winding 11～13 primary side, S, when T) having power supply to send into, just begun the normal open switch contact (MFL on each winding 11～13 secondary side, MFM, MFH, MR) all be failure to actuate, three phase mains is via the tap (U of each winding 11～13 high-pressure side, V, W) direct sending is to phase power output end (U, V, W), each phase voltage of this three phase mains is detected by 31～33 of each phase voltage detecting circuits respectively immediately, select the microcontroller 41 in the circuit 40 to switch by the multiplex (MUX) with the multiplex (MUX) of multiplexer 42, making each phase voltage alternately of three phase mains deliver to microprocessor 50 judges, this microprocessor 50 will be found out minimum phase voltage earlier after relatively, and then whether judge this phase voltage greater than the reference voltage value of setting, if be equal to or less than reference voltage value, each phase voltage of expression input power supply is former promptly not high, so do not exist high pressure to change the loss problem of low pressure, so normal open switch contact (MFL, MFM, MFH on each winding 11～13 secondary side, MR) keep open circuit, the three phase mains of input will be through autotransformer 10 but is not done step-down and handle and directly send.
But detecting control unit 100 will continue to monitor the changing condition of three phase mains, when in case minimum phase voltage is higher than the reference voltage value of microprocessor 50 settings in the three phase mains, then exceed reference voltage value in various degree according to this phase voltage by microprocessor 50, select to make that wherein a corresponding electromagnetic switch 21～24 is excitatory by commutation circuit 60, and then make the make and break contact (MFL corresponding with this electromagnetic switch, MFM, MFH, MR) closure.
For example, be used in the occasion of 220V when detecting control device of the present invention, then set a minimum operating voltage as reference voltage value, 208V for example, and with a voltage range as the unit (for example 8V) that switches, when minimum phase voltage is 228V in the input power supply, 228V-208V=20V, therefore can carry out two sections step-downs at least, and this phase voltage is downgraded 212V (228V-8V-8V), other two phase voltages also downgrade 16V synchronously.As for how making each phase voltage fall 16V simultaneously, then by selecting one of them electromagnetic switch conducting that its corresponding make and break contact closure is realized.
See also shown in Figure 1, when the result of microprocessor 50 computings is when making that corresponding make and break contact (MFM) is closed on electromagnetic switch 22 conductings and each winding 11～13 secondary sides, each winding 11～13 secondary side is with tap (U2, V2, W2) on around circle respectively with power output end (U mutually, V W) connects, and reaches the purpose that reduces each phase voltage of three phase mains thus.And under the situation of electromagnetic switch 22 conductings and make and break contact (MFM) closure, because of its normal open switch contact
Transmit open circuit,, operate so can guarantee this electromagnetic switch 22 and the independent of make and break contact (MFM) so cut off the electric power loop of other electromagnetic switch 21,23,24.
(TH3), (TH1, TH2 TH3) also control the normally closed switch contact respectively to each temperature-sensitive sticker to aforementioned again autotransformer 10 for TH1, TH2 respectively at being respectively equipped with temperature-sensitive sticker on each winding 11～13
Each normally closed switch contact
Be cascaded, in present embodiment, if the temperature of autotransformer 10 arbitrary windings 11～13 surpasses 100, its normally closed switch contact is transmitted open circuit, to send signal back to microprocessor 50 (seeing also shown in Fig. 2 A or Fig. 2 B) this moment by optical coupler PC2, produce information warning or interruption of work by microprocessor 50.
The circuit design of earlier figures 1 is at the application occasion of 220V three phase mains, when it is used in the occasion of 380V three phase mains, as shown in Figure 3, phase power input (the R that only needs at autotransformer 10, S), phase power output end (U, V) and detecting establish transformer TR1 respectively between the control unit 100, TR2 monitors and the three phase mains of input is carried out delivering to detecting control unit 100 again after the step-down.
Moreover, previous embodiment is the example explanation with the application scenario of three phase mains, in fact also can be used in the use occasion of single phase poaer supply, difference is: autotransformer only needs two windings, the primary side of winding still constitutes the phase power input, the secondary side of winding is pulled out several taps, switchably with power output end connection mutually; Because single phase poaer supply is the wherein two-phase of getting in the three phase mains, so in this application scenario, the two-phase (UV) of order input power supply is connected with the primary side of two windings respectively, detect its phase voltage for the detecting control unit by each winding phase power output end, and then judge that U phase voltage or V phase voltage are lower, reference voltage value with lower phase voltage and setting compares again, and then whether decision downgrades the magnitude of voltage of each phase voltage.
Claims (11)
1. detecting voltage control device comprises:
Autotransformer has a plurality of windings, and each winding has primary side and secondary side respectively, wherein primary side respectively with input respectively being connected of power supply, its secondary side is pulled out tap respectively in the different numbers of turn, selectively to constitute the phase power output end;
Switches set has a plurality of electromagnetic switch and corresponding make and break contact, and make and break contact is divided between each tap of each winding secondary side of autotransformer; The whether excitatory switching that determines corresponding make and break contact by electromagnetic switch;
The detecting control unit, connect with the power output end mutually of each winding of autotransformer and the electromagnetic switch of switches set respectively, thereby judge each phase voltage of input power supply, and the switching of each make and break contact of control switch group, taps different on the phase power output end that makes each winding of autotransformer and the secondary side connect, after will importing each phase voltage step-down of power supply thus, send by each phase power output end again;
This detecting control unit further includes:
A plurality of phase voltage detecting circuits, it has input and output respectively, and the power output end mutually of its input and each winding of autotransformer connects, and detecting this phase power source voltage value, and is converted to direct voltage and is sent by output;
The multiplex (MUX) selects circuit, and it has a plurality of inputs and at least one output, and each input is connected with the output of each phase voltage detecting circuit respectively, is sent by output with the output signal of selecting one of them phase voltage detecting circuit;
Microprocessor is to find out the minimum phase voltage of voltage by importing in each phase voltage of power supply, and compares with the reference voltage value of setting that this microprocessor has a plurality of inputs and a plurality of output, and one of them input selects circuit to be connected with the multiplex (MUX);
Commutation circuit, mainly formed by driver and a plurality of relay, this driver is controlled by microprocessor, each relay has make and break contact, each make and break contact is connected between the electromagnetic switch and power supply of aforementioned switches group, so that pass through the whether excitatory of this driver and each electromagnetic switch of relay control switch group by microprocessor.
2. detecting voltage control device according to claim 1, this commutation circuit mainly is made up of driver and a plurality of relay, this driver has a plurality of inputs, it is connected with the output of microprocessor respectively, and output end of driver is connected with the magnetizing coil of each relay respectively, this relay comprises a plurality of make and break contacts respectively, and the make and break contact of each relay is connected between each electromagnetic switch of aforementioned switches group and the power supply.
3. detecting voltage control device according to claim 2, each phase voltage detecting circuit is made up of transformer, bridge rectifier and computing (OP) amplifier respectively, and the primary side of this transformer connects to obtain its voltage between phases respectively with aforementioned power output end mutually respectively; And
The secondary side of each transformer is connected with the input of bridge rectifier, and the phase voltage after step-down is rectified into direct voltage, delivers to operational amplifier again and carries out the signal amplification.
4. detecting voltage control device according to claim 3, the multiplex (MUX) selects circuit mainly to be made up of microcontroller, multiplexer and amplifier, this microcontroller has a plurality of inputs and at least one output, this multiplexer has a plurality of inputs, at least one output and control end, and the output of aforementioned each phase voltage detecting circuit is connected with the input of microcontroller and multiplexer respectively, and the control end of multiplexer is connected with the output of microcontroller.
5. detecting voltage control device according to claim 4, this microprocessor has a plurality of inputs and a plurality of output, wherein set up variable resistor separately on two inputs, for setting reference voltage value, and its another input selects the output of circuit to be connected with the multiplex (MUX), each phase voltage signal that is detected with reception.
6. detecting voltage control device according to claim 5, further comprise power circuit, this power circuit comprises transformer, two bridge rectifier (BD1, BD2) and voltage stabilizing circuit, the primary side of this transformer connects with aforementioned power output end mutually, to obtain single-phase AC power, this Circuit Fault on Secondary Transformer connects two bridge rectifier (BD1 respectively, BD2) input, to be rectified into DC power supply, one of them bridge rectifier (BD1) provide dc supply, and another bridge rectifier output connects this voltage stabilizing circuit, and many group dc supplies and reference voltage are provided.
7. according to each described detecting voltage control device in the claim 1 to 6, this autotransformer has three windings, and each winding has primary side and secondary side respectively, wherein primary side respectively with respectively being connected of three phase mains.
8. according to each described detecting voltage control device in the claim 1 to 6, this autotransformer has two windings, and two windings have primary side and secondary side respectively, and wherein primary side is connected with two of input power supply respectively.
9. detecting voltage control device according to claim 7, first and second side of this autotransformer further is provided with step-down transformer with the detecting control unit, to be applicable to the occasion of high-voltage power supply.
10. detecting voltage control device according to claim 8, first and second side of this autotransformer further is provided with step-down transformer with the detecting control unit, to be applicable to the occasion of high-voltage power supply.
11. a detecting voltage control method comprises:
Obtain the input power supply phase voltage of two-phase at least;
Find out the phase voltage of minimum voltage;
Make the reference voltage value of minimum phase voltage and setting compare;
When minimum phase voltage is higher than reference voltage value, downgrade the magnitude of voltage of each phase voltage of input power supply.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2009101512519A CN101938215A (en) | 2009-06-29 | 2009-06-29 | Voltage detection control device and method |
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| CN2009101512519A CN101938215A (en) | 2009-06-29 | 2009-06-29 | Voltage detection control device and method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106253267A (en) * | 2016-08-01 | 2016-12-21 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Supply self adaptation adjusting apparatus and method |
| CN109378820A (en) * | 2018-11-07 | 2019-02-22 | 宁波奥克斯电气股份有限公司 | A kind of control method that AC load power grid is adaptive and device |
-
2009
- 2009-06-29 CN CN2009101512519A patent/CN101938215A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106253267A (en) * | 2016-08-01 | 2016-12-21 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Supply self adaptation adjusting apparatus and method |
| CN106253267B (en) * | 2016-08-01 | 2018-12-04 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Supply self adaptation adjusts device and method |
| CN109378820A (en) * | 2018-11-07 | 2019-02-22 | 宁波奥克斯电气股份有限公司 | A kind of control method that AC load power grid is adaptive and device |
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Application publication date: 20110105 |