CN101934545B - Method for manufacturing bamboo fibers - Google Patents
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- CN101934545B CN101934545B CN 201010246821 CN201010246821A CN101934545B CN 101934545 B CN101934545 B CN 101934545B CN 201010246821 CN201010246821 CN 201010246821 CN 201010246821 A CN201010246821 A CN 201010246821A CN 101934545 B CN101934545 B CN 101934545B
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for manufacturing bamboo fibers. The method comprises the following steps of: 1) rolling: rolling to crack a bamboo chip to ensure that the bamboo fibers are possibly dispersed; 2) dipping: putting the bamboo chip into a reaction kettle, and mixing with a proper amount of reactant for 10 to 90 minutes to remove lignin, polysaccharide, colloid and protein on the surface of the bamboo fiber; 3) defibering: reducing the pressure instantaneously to standard atmospheric pressure to ensure that the bamboo chip is exploded in the reaction kettle and defibered to form a single-fiber bamboo chip; 4) cleaning: washing the bamboo fibers with hot water with the temperature of between 50 and 100 DEG C at least twice to remove byproducts from the surfaces of the bamboo fibers; 5) dewatering: drying the cleaned bamboo fibers to obtain a dry bamboo fiber finished product; and 6) cutting: cutting the bamboo fibers into bamboo fibers with a proper length. By adopting a physical instantaneous depressurized explosion mode and a chemical reaction reagent dipping mode, the bamboo chip is treated by steps, and the instantaneous depressurized explosion also accelerates the reacting speed of the chemical reagent and the bamboo chip to achieve the effect of quickly removing the lignin, the polysaccharide, the colloid and other substances from the surface of the bamboo chip.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of bamboo wood deep-processing method, refer to a kind of employing physical method and chemical method manufacturing bamboo fibre especially.
Background technology
Since ancient times, bamboo is made for instrument as important material always, furniture, and construction timber, agricultural is used material, handicraft etc., people are very dark to its understanding.The bamboo growth cycle is short, and its fiber has good ecological property, can 100% biodegradation, can produce moisture absorption, and effect such as antibiotic has been widely used in textile.In addition, bamboo fibre has higher intensity, can replace glass fibre, and carbon fiber etc. are as the reinforcing material of plastics.
Bamboo also contains a large amount of lignin except containing bamboo cellulose, polysaccharide, colloid, protein and other materials.When being used for bamboo-plastic composite material, should partly or entirely remove this class material, influence the characteristic of composite to prevent too much non-cellulose material.Can cause fiber to harden as too much content of lignin.Some nutriments also may cause bamboo fibre mouldy, moth etc.
In order to remove the nutriment in the bamboo, original method is that bamboo is under water for a long time.Along with industrialization demands, reaction needs to accelerate.A kind of physical method of acceleration is to remove polysaccharide by boiling, materials such as albumen, and the speed except chemical substance of these class methods still is difficult for being applicable to large-scale manufacturing fast more slowly.Another kind, the physical method of producing fiber sooner are the steam that bamboo is placed HTHP, and making the bamboo explosion at instantaneous controlled pressure drop then is fiber, and the fiber that this method is produced still contains the non-fibrous material of higher concentration, influences its serviceability.Produce bamboo fibre fast and can adopt chemical method, but it is softening generally to adopt a large amount of chemical reagent to soak, separate delignification, polysaccharide, colloids etc. obtain bamboo fibre, chemical reagent has accelerated reaction, fiber manufacture process is shortened, but this method easily causes a large amount of chemical contaminations, the cost that disposes waste liquid is higher.Existing physical method as lignin, polysaccharide, colloid and protein, is removed limited for non-fibrous material.Chemical method is long processing time then, produces to pollute greatly, and accessory substance is difficult for reclaiming.
Summary of the invention
A kind of bottom line of the present invention uses chemical reagent, at utmost utilizes the quick method for making bamboo fibre of physical effect.
The invention provides a kind of bamboo fiber making method, it is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
Step 1) rolls: roll bamboo chip it is broken, so that bamboo fibre spreads out as far as possible;
Step 2) soak: bamboo chip is dropped in the reactor, mix mutually with an amount of reactant, incorporation time is 10-90 minute, and with lignin, polysaccharide, colloid and the protein of removing the bamboo fibre surface, reactant pH value is greater than 9;
Step 3) solution fibre: instantaneous controlled pressure drop is to standard atmospheric pressure, so that explosion takes place in reactor bamboo chip, and separates the fine filamentary bamboo chip that forms.
Step 4) is cleaned: adopt 50 ℃～100 ℃ the described bamboo chip at least twice of hot water injection, washing time is 5～30 minutes;
The step 5) dehydration: the bamboo chip oven dry after will cleaning obtains dry bamboo fibre finished product.
Among the present invention, also can further comprise following technical characterictic:
In step 2) in further comprise:
Step 21) at normal temperatures and pressures, bamboo chip is immersed in the reactant, soak time is 10-60 minute;
Step 22) at 120 ℃-160 ℃, the corresponding saturated vapor of reaction temperature is depressed, and bamboo chip continues to be immersed in the reactant, and the reaction time is 20-30 minute.
In step 2) in, described reactant comprises one or more in alkali lye, bleeding agent, surfactant and the software agent.Described alkali lye is to choose any one kind of them in calcium hydroxide, NaOH and the sodium carbonate or multiple.The concentration of described alkali lye is 1%～10%.
Compared with prior art, adopt physics instantaneous controlled pressure drop explosion and chemical reaction reagent to soak dual mode, substep is handled bamboo chip, effect with materials such as the lignin that reaches quick removal bamboo chip surface, polysaccharide, colloids, on the one hand, only adopt a spot of chemical reagent that bamboo chip is soaked preliminary treatment, reduced the chemical contamination that unnecessary waste liquid brings; On the other hand, under the condition of heating pressurization, accelerate the extent of reaction of chemical reagent and bamboo chip, thereby shortened the reaction time, improved production efficiency greatly; In addition, the instantaneous controlled pressure drop explosion makes that also the instantaneous expanded solution of bamboo chip is fine, further promotes accessory substance on the bamboo chip and the removal of nutritional labeling.Physics and two kinds of methods of chemistry are combined, and reaction process is accelerated in the reaction of mutually promoting, and is fit to industrialization, and made fiber is fit to composite usefulness, and accessory substance is suitable for recovery.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of bamboo fiber making method of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is bamboo fibre electromicroscopic photograph of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
The invention provides a kind of bamboo fiber making method, it may further comprise the steps:
Step 1) rolls: roll bamboo chip it is broken, so that bamboo fibre spreads out as far as possible;
Step 2) soak: bamboo chip is dropped in the reactor, mix mutually with an amount of reactant, incorporation time is 10-90 minute, and with lignin, polysaccharide, colloid and the protein of removing the bamboo fibre surface, reactant pH value is greater than 9;
Step 3) solution fibre: instantaneous controlled pressure drop is to standard atmospheric pressure, so that explosion takes place in reactor bamboo chip, and separates the fine ultimate fibre that forms;
In step 1), by rolling apparatus bamboo chip is broken into loose shape bamboo net, make the fiber of former bamboo chip spread out as far as possible, more even in order to subsequent reactions;
In step 2) in further comprise:
Step 21) bamboo chip after will breaking drops in the reactor, at normal temperatures and pressures, bamboo chip is immersed in the reactant, soak time is 10-60 minute, make materials such as bamboo fibre and lignin adhered thereto, polysaccharide, colloid, protein react, the mode by chemistry realizes peeling off;
Step 22) heating pressurization, at 120 ℃-160 ℃, the corresponding saturated vapor of reaction temperature is depressed, and bamboo chip continues to be immersed in the reactant, and the kiering time is 20-30 minute.
In the present invention, described reactant comprises one or more in alkali lye, bleeding agent, surfactant and the software agent.Described alkali lye is to choose any one kind of them in calcium hydroxide, NaOH and the sodium carbonate or multiple, and the concentration of described alkali lye is 1%～10%.By adopting alkali lye to mix mutually with other reagent, under HTHP, reaction is accelerated, the reduction that sticks together of materials such as lignin, polysaccharide, colloid, protein produces and separates tendency, and acceleration bamboo fibre byproduct reacts to be peeled off.Bleeding agent should be able to permeate to fibrous inside, reduces interfacial tension between surface tension and water oil, makes reactant liquor can diffuse into bamboo chip inside quickly.Bleeding agent need acid and alkali-resistance, the characteristic that penetration is strong.Bleeding agent generally is divided into nonionic penetrant and anion-permeable membrane agent two classes, and nonionic penetrant has AEO, as JFC, JFC-1, JFC-2, JFC-E etc.; The anion-permeable membrane agent fast penetrant T, alkali-resistant penetrant OEP-70, alkali-resistant penetrant AEP, seeping at high temperature agent JFC-M etc. arranged.The effect of softening agent is to make the bamboo chip quality that the softening processing that is conducive to take place, for example, and sodium polyphosphate, sodium sulfite etc.
In step 3), further comprise:
Step 31) after kiering finishes, open the valve of reactor, the pressure in the described reactor dropped to standard atmospheric pressure rapidly in 3 seconds, so that bamboo chip swelling of fiber, instantaneous controlled pressure drop can make that the instantaneous expanded solution of bamboo chip is fine, and the mode by physics is separated into ultimate fibre;
Step 32) mode by centrifugal or press filtration is separated above-mentioned solution and bamboo fibre.
In the preferred embodiment of invention, also can further comprise:
Step 4) is cleaned: adopt 50 ℃～100 ℃ the described bamboo fibre at least twice of hot water injection, washing time is 5～30 minutes, and the lucky submergence bamboo fibre of the water yield cleans repeatedly, and the accessory substance on bamboo fibre surface is removed;
Step 5) dehydration: dry after the bamboo fibre centrifugal dehydration after will cleaning, obtain dry bamboo fibre finished product.Certainly, also can adopt air-dry, mode such as dry to remove moisture.
Step 6) cutting: above-mentioned bamboo fibre is cut into the bamboo fibre that is fit to length.
Embodiment 1
Get about 1 kilogram of former bamboo chip, length is about 20cm, and width is about 1cm.Be placed on roll in the roller be cleaved into for several times netted.Then, be placed in 50 liters the pressure reaction still, in still, add 200 milliliter 5% NaOH, and stir.Heat up and heat reactor and get rid of the interior air of still, close air bleeding valve and make temperature progressively to 140 ℃, pressure gauge shows that pressure rises simultaneously.Behind the heat-insulation pressure keeping 15 minutes, open air bleeding valve rapidly safely in 2 seconds, operation is by remote control, and it is zero that pressure is reduced to.The fiber that collection is broken and liquid are used centrifuge defibre and liquid 3 minutes.Place boiling water to boil (just submergence) fiber that separates and boiled 3 minutes, centrifugation fiber and liquid, triplicate collects liquid for extracting byproduct, and fiber is placed in the baking oven 110 ℃ of following air blast bakings 30 minutes.All processes was less than 2 hours.Cutting machine is used for plastic granulating with the product that fiber is cut into 0.1-2mm length.Figure two is the electromicroscopic photograph of fiber.
Embodiment 2
Get about 1 kilogram of former bamboo chip, length is about 20cm, and width is about 1cm.Be placed on roll in the roller be cleaved into for several times netted.Be placed on then in 50 liters the pressure reaction still, add 200 milliliter 2% NaCO3 in the still, 0.2% sodium sulfite, the mixture of 0.2% neopelex, and stir.Heat up and heat reactor and get rid of the interior air of still, close air bleeding valve and make temperature progressively to 135 ℃, pressure gauge shows that pressure rises simultaneously.Behind the heat-insulation pressure keeping 20 minutes, open air bleeding valve rapidly safely in 2 seconds, make pressure reduce to zero.The fiber that collection is broken and liquid are used centrifuge defibre and liquid 3 minutes.Place boiling water to boil (just submergence) fiber that separates and boiled 5 minutes, centrifugation fiber and liquid, triplicate collects liquid for extracting byproduct, and fiber is placed in the baking oven 110 ℃ of following air blast bakings 30 minutes.All processes was less than 2 hours.Fiber is not done cutting, and it is compound to can be used for polyurethane.
Last institute should be noted that; above embodiment is only in order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention but not limiting the scope of the invention; although with reference to preferred embodiment the present invention has been done detailed description; those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that; can make amendment or be equal to replacement technical scheme of the present invention, and not break away from essence and the scope of technical solution of the present invention.
The effect of bleeding agent also is to have fixing hydrophilic and oleophilic group as the term suggests be osmosis, can align on the surface of solution, and the material that surface tension is significantly descended.
Claims (5)
1. bamboo fiber making method is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
Step 1) rolls: roll bamboo chip it is broken, so that bamboo fibre spreads out as far as possible;
Step 2) soak: bamboo chip is dropped in the reactor, mix mutually with an amount of reactant, incorporation time is 10-90 minute, and with lignin, polysaccharide, colloid and the protein of removing the bamboo fibre surface, reactant pH value is greater than 9;
Step 21) at normal temperatures and pressures, bamboo chip is immersed in the reactant, soak time is 10-60 minute;
Step 22) at 120 ℃-160 ℃, the corresponding saturated vapor of reaction temperature is depressed, and bamboo chip continues to be immersed in the reactant, and the reaction time is 20-30 minute;
Step 3) solution fibre: instantaneous controlled pressure drop is to standard atmospheric pressure, so that explosion takes place in reactor bamboo chip, and separates the fine ultimate fibre that forms;
Step 4) is cleaned: adopt 50 ℃～100 ℃ the described fiber at least twice of hot water injection, washing time is 5～30 minutes;
The step 5) dehydration: the fiber oven dry after will cleaning obtains dry bamboo fibre finished product.
2. bamboo fiber making method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in step 3), after boiling-off finishes, open the valve of reactor, the pressure in the described reactor dropped to standard atmospheric pressure rapidly in 3 seconds, so that the bamboo chip swelling of fiber.
3. bamboo fiber making method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in step 2) in, described reactant comprises one or more in alkali lye, bleeding agent, surfactant and the software agent.
4. bamboo fiber making method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: described alkali lye is to choose any one kind of them in calcium hydroxide, NaOH and the sodium carbonate or multiple.
5. bamboo fiber making method according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: the concentration of described alkali lye is 1%～10%.
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| CN 201010246821 CN101934545B (en) | 2010-08-05 | 2010-08-05 | Method for manufacturing bamboo fibers |
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| CN 201010246821 CN101934545B (en) | 2010-08-05 | 2010-08-05 | Method for manufacturing bamboo fibers |
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| CN101934545B true CN101934545B (en) | 2013-07-17 |
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Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102703993A (en) * | 2011-03-28 | 2012-10-03 | 徐州天虹时代纺织有限公司 | Processing technology of bamboo fiber |
| CN102409410A (en) * | 2011-08-24 | 2012-04-11 | 李超 | Novel bamboo palm fiber extraction process |
| CN104233546A (en) * | 2013-06-06 | 2014-12-24 | 安吉登冠竹木开发有限公司 | Bamboo fiber manufacturing method |
| CN108085752A (en) * | 2018-01-22 | 2018-05-29 | 孟婷婷 | The efficiently high-quality processing method of bamboo fibre |
| CN108342834B (en) * | 2018-02-28 | 2020-06-26 | 中国林业科学研究院木材工业研究所 | Flexible interpenetrating network porous material for die pressing and preparation method thereof |
| CN108582337A (en) * | 2018-05-30 | 2018-09-28 | 国际竹藤中心 | A kind of bamboo wood explosion separation with from recombination method |
| CN109252413B (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2021-01-12 | 张丹惠 | Comprehensive preparation method of bamboo biological extract and bamboo fiber |
| CN109094137B (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2024-07-09 | 浙江农林大学暨阳学院 | Bamboo fiber concrete composite material and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN1923481A (en) * | 2006-09-12 | 2007-03-07 | 张力新 | Bamboo filament fibre board and bamboo filament, method for making bamboo filament fibre board |
| CN101440380A (en) * | 2007-11-23 | 2009-05-27 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Technological process for coproduction of ethanol, fibre and power generation by bamboo wood layered multi-stage conversion |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN100500987C (en) * | 2005-04-15 | 2009-06-17 | 华南理工大学 | Low pressure blast pulping method in palm fiber |
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| CN1923481A (en) * | 2006-09-12 | 2007-03-07 | 张力新 | Bamboo filament fibre board and bamboo filament, method for making bamboo filament fibre board |
| CN101440380A (en) * | 2007-11-23 | 2009-05-27 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Technological process for coproduction of ethanol, fibre and power generation by bamboo wood layered multi-stage conversion |
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Effective date of registration: 20230918 Address after: 315502 Houge Village, Xikou Town, Fenghua District, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province Patentee after: Ningbo Baixin Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 315502 Houge Village, Xikou Economic Development Zone, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province Patentee before: Ningbo Bamtac New Material Co.,Ltd. |
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