JP2008142024A - Method for producing alcohol by using sheath of bamboo shoot - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for producing an alcohol by using a sheath of bamboo shoot as a raw material. <P>SOLUTION: The method for producing the alcohol by using a sheath of bamboo shoot includes the first step of obtaining a cellulose-containing material by separating cellulose and non-fiber contained in the sheath of bamboo shoot, the second step of obtaining a sugar-containing material by carrying out saccharification treatment of the cellulose-containing material, the third step of obtaining a saccharified liquid by carrying out solid-liquid separation of the sugar-containing material, the fourth step of producing an ethyl alcohol-containing liquid by carrying out alcohol fermentation of the saccharified liquid and the fifth step of taking out ethyl alcohol from an ethyl alcohol-containing liquid, and in the first step, cut sheath of bamboo shoot is boiled in an alkaline water solution to elute a non-fiber and the saccharification treatment is carried out by adding either one of an acid and an enzyme to the cellulose-containing material. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

The present invention relates to a method for producing alcohol using straw skin as a raw material.

Since the skin of the cocoon has an antiseptic effect, it is used as a container for food (for example, refer to Patent Document 1), and since a large amount of fiber (cellulose) is contained, a method of taking out this fiber and using it (for example, , See Patent Document 2).

JP 2002-273709 A JP 2003-166137 A

However, the cocoon skin used as in Patent Documents 1 and 2 is a part of the generated cocoon skin, and most of them are discarded without being used. For this reason, it is a problem from the viewpoint of effective use of biological resources.

The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide an alcohol production method using straw peel as a raw material.

The alcohol production method using the cocoon skin according to the present invention in accordance with the above object, the first step of obtaining cellulose-containing material by separating cellulose and non-fibrous contained in the cocoon skin,
A second step of saccharifying the cellulose-containing material to obtain a sugar-containing material;
A third step of solid-liquid separating the sugar-containing material to obtain a saccharified solution;
A fourth step of fermenting the saccharified solution with alcohol to produce an ethyl alcohol-containing solution;
And a fifth step of extracting ethyl alcohol from the ethyl alcohol-containing liquid.

In the alcohol production method using the cocoon skin according to the present invention, in the first step, the cut cocoon skin is boiled in an alkaline aqueous solution to elute the non-fibrous material and then washed with water. Here, the alkaline aqueous solution may be either a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution or a sodium hydrogen carbonate aqueous solution.

In the alcohol production method using the cocoon skin according to the present invention, the saccharification treatment can be performed by adding either an acid or an enzyme to the cellulose-containing material.

In the method for producing alcohol using the straw skin according to claims 1 to 4, since the regenerated product is ethyl alcohol, it can be used in a wider range compared to the case where it is used as a fiber, for example. As a result, it is possible to promote reuse of the cocoon skin that has been discarded.

In particular, in the alcohol production method using the cocoon skin according to claim 2, the cellulose-containing material can be softened by boiling the cocoon skin in an alkaline aqueous solution, and the cellulose-containing material can be easily treated. become.

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings for understanding of the present invention.
Here, FIG. 1 is process explanatory drawing which shows the alcohol manufacturing method using the skin of the straw based on one embodiment of this invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, the method for producing alcohol using the rind skin according to one embodiment of the present invention,
A first step of separating cellulose and non-fibrous material contained in cocoon skin to obtain a cellulose-containing material, a second step of saccharifying the cellulose-containing material to obtain a sugar-containing material, and a sugar-containing material as a solid liquid It has the 3rd process which isolate | separates and obtains a saccharified liquid, the 4th process which carries out alcohol fermentation of a saccharified liquid and produces | generates an ethyl alcohol containing liquid, and the 5th process which takes out ethyl alcohol from an ethyl alcohol containing liquid. This will be described in detail below.

In the first step, the cut straw skin is boiled in an alkaline aqueous solution to elute non-fibrous materials and then washed with water.
Here, the kind of bamboo material that takes the skin of the cocoon is not particularly limited, and examples of bamboo materials that inhabit Japan include mushrooms, mosouchiku, waspaku, kurochiku, yadake, and medaka. In addition, bamboo shoots are collected from bamboo groves. In the case of cocoon peels that are used for food, they are collected from the greenery market, greengrocers, etc. in addition to bamboo groves. The collected crust skin is washed with water to remove dirt and dust attached to the surface. Next, the rind skin washed with water is cut into a size that can be easily treated (for example, 2 to 25 cm, preferably 10 to 20 cm), put in a heating tank, and boiled with an alkaline aqueous solution.
Other bamboo materials that can be used to peel the cocoons are: Macchiku in Taiwan and Thailand, Taiwan Madake, Dentro Karamagi Giganteus (generally called Giant Bamboo) in Indonesia, Thailand and Vietnam, and Thai Santich in China. , Burmese (Myanmar) and Borneo can be used.

As the alkaline aqueous solution, for example, a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution having a concentration of 0.2 to 2%, preferably 0.5 to 1.5% is used. The boiling time is 1 to 2 hours. By boiling in an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, the cellulose-containing material (fibrous material) constituting the cocoon skin swells and the cellulose-containing material gains flexibility, and the non-fibrous material in the cocoon skin is water. Elute in aqueous sodium oxide. Here, non-fibrous refers to proteins, lipids, and ash contained in the skin of straw. In addition, water-soluble fiber is also eluted into the aqueous sodium hydroxide solution. Then, the cellulose-containing material is taken out from the alkaline aqueous solution, and impurities including non-fibrous materials are washed away with sufficient water to obtain a cellulose-containing material from which impurities are removed.
In addition, when using domestically produced cocoon skin, the period of time when the cocoon skin is obtained is limited, so if the collected cocoon skin is stored as a cellulose-containing material, ethyl alcohol can be stably extracted throughout the year. it can.

In the second step, the obtained cellulose-containing material is finely pulverized using, for example, a mixer to form a slurry, and cellulase (an example of an enzyme) is added thereto and stirred to saccharify the cellulose with cellulase (hydrolysis). To obtain a sugar-containing product. Here, the cellulase is not particularly limited as long as it contains at least endoglucanase, exoglucanase, cellobiohydrolase, and glucosidase. In addition, water is supplied to the slurry as necessary so that the slurry containing the cellulose-containing material and the cellulase has a viscosity capable of being stirred. The pH of the slurry is preferably 4-6, and the temperature is preferably 40-60 ° C.

Cellulose contained in the cellulose-containing material is saccharified by the action of cellulase to produce oligosaccharides such as cellobiose and cellotriose, and soluble sugars such as glucose. Thereby, the viscosity of a slurry falls and stirring efficiency improves. Therefore, the progress of the saccharification reaction (cellulose hydrolysis reaction) can be determined by determining the change in slurry viscosity over time. Here, the degree of progress of the saccharification reaction is affected by the amount of cellulase used and the saccharification treatment time. If the amount of cellulase used is too small, the hydrolysis reaction of cellulose does not proceed efficiently, and if too much, the cost of cellulase will increase. It becomes large and the economy is impaired. On the other hand, if the saccharification treatment time is too short, the cellulose is not sufficiently saccharified, resulting in a low yield of ethyl alcohol. Therefore, the amount of cellulase used is, for example, an amount necessary for hydrolysis of most of cellulose (for example, 80% or more) to soluble sugar in a saccharification treatment time of about 10 to 50 hours.

Here, the amount of cellulase used was determined based on the following test. Specifically, 50 mg of filter paper (Whatman No. 1, manufactured by Whatman) is used as a substrate, and 0.5 ml of cellulase solution containing a predetermined amount of cellulase and 1.0 ml of citrate buffer (pH 4.8) are added thereto. When an enzyme reaction is carried out at 50 ° C. for 1 hour, the amount of cellulase required to produce a reducing sugar corresponding to 1 micromole of glucose per minute is obtained, and this is taken as 1 unit. The number of cellulase units required to hydrolyze, for example, 80% or more of cellulose into soluble sugar during the saccharification treatment time was determined. As a result, the amount of cellulase used is preferably set to be 3 to 100 units, more preferably 10 to 30 units, with respect to 1 g of the cellulose-containing material.

In the third step, the obtained sugar-containing material is subjected to solid-liquid separation to obtain a saccharified solution. For solid-liquid separation, for example, filtration, centrifugation, filter press, or the like is used. Here, in the sugar-containing material, in addition to oligosaccharides such as cellobiose and cellotriose, glucose, and other soluble sugars, inorganic ions derived from cellulose-containing materials (for example, calcium ions, magnesium ions, sodium ions) Insoluble substances such as lignin and hemicellulose, cellulase and the like are included. Therefore, the saccharified solution contains oligosaccharides such as cellobiose and cellotriose, glucose, other soluble sugars, inorganic ions, cellulase and the like.

In addition, although the isolate | separated solid content may be incinerated, a part or all of solid content can also be returned to a 2nd process again. By returning the solid content to the second step, the cellulose that has not been decomposed into the soluble sugar is hydrolyzed again, and as a result, the saccharification time of the cellulose is extended. For this reason, the hydrolysis rate of a cellulose becomes high.

In the fourth step, a microorganism that performs alcohol fermentation using glucose as a substrate is added to the obtained saccharified solution to produce an ethyl alcohol-containing solution. Here, since cellulases such as endoglucanase, exoglucanase, cellobiohydrolase, and glucosidase remain in the saccharified solution, soluble sugars other than oligos and glucose in the saccharified solution are hydrolyzed. Reaction that changes to glucose also proceeds, and the produced glucose is converted to alcohol by the microorganism. Here, the microorganism is not limited as long as glucose is subjected to alcohol fermentation, and yeasts conventionally used in the fermentation field such as sake yeast, beer yeast, wine yeast and the like can be used.

In the fifth step, the obtained ethyl alcohol-containing liquid is heated, for example, to evaporate the ethyl alcohol, and the ethyl alcohol vapor is recovered and cooled to take out 95% ethyl alcohol (hydrous alcohol). In addition, ethyl alcohol with an alcohol concentration of 99% or more can be obtained by performing dehydration treatment of hydrous alcohol.

As described above, the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiment. However, the present invention is not limited to the configuration described in the above-described embodiment, and the matters described in the scope of claims. Other embodiments and modifications conceivable within the scope are also included.
For example, an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution is used as the alkaline aqueous solution used in the first step, but an aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate solution can also be used.
In the second step, the cellulose-containing product was saccharified using an enzyme to obtain a saccharide-containing product, but the saccharification treatment of the cellulose-containing product is performed by acting an acid, for example, dilute sulfuric acid, instead of the enzyme. You can also.

Also, the cellulose-containing material obtained in the first step is put into a mixer, water is added as necessary to unravel the cellulose fibers to form a defibrated material, and the obtained defibrated material is put into a mold and drained. The solid can be obtained by further drying. The obtained solid is in a state where the fibers constituting the skin of the straw are interlaced, and the strength of the solid can be increased by increasing the density of the solid when forming the solid. . For this reason, the raw material and container for forming various members from the skin of a cocoon can be manufactured by shape | molding a solid substance into various shapes, such as plate shape, cylinder shape, box shape, and rod shape.

It is process explanatory drawing which shows the alcohol manufacturing method using the skin of the straw based on one embodiment of this invention.

Claims (4)

A first step of separating the cellulose and non-fibrous material contained in the cocoon skin to obtain a cellulose-containing material;
A second step of saccharifying the cellulose-containing material to obtain a sugar-containing material;
A third step of solid-liquid separating the sugar-containing material to obtain a saccharified solution;
A fourth step of fermenting the saccharified solution with alcohol to produce an ethyl alcohol-containing solution;
And a fifth step of extracting ethyl alcohol from the ethyl alcohol-containing liquid. 2. The alcohol production method using the cocoon skin according to claim 1, wherein the first step comprises boiling the cut cocoon skin in an alkaline aqueous solution to elute the non-fibrous material and then washing with water. A method for producing alcohol using a cocoon skin. 3. The method for producing alcohol according to claim 2, wherein the alkaline aqueous solution is either an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution or an aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate solution. The alcohol production method using the cocoon skin according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the saccharification treatment is performed by adding either an acid or an enzyme to the cellulose-containing material. Alcohol production method using leather.

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