CN101925697B - Forming head for dry forming fibrous web - Google Patents
Forming head for dry forming fibrous web Download PDFInfo
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- CN101925697B CN101925697B CN2009801032115A CN200980103211A CN101925697B CN 101925697 B CN101925697 B CN 101925697B CN 2009801032115 A CN2009801032115 A CN 2009801032115A CN 200980103211 A CN200980103211 A CN 200980103211A CN 101925697 B CN101925697 B CN 101925697B
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- distribution unit
- formed head
- pin
- roller
- distribution
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
- D01G25/00—Lap-forming devices not integral with machines specified above
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
- D04H1/72—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
- D04H1/72—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged
- D04H1/732—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged by fluid current, e.g. air-lay
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H27/00—Special paper not otherwise provided for, e.g. made by multi-step processes
- D21H27/30—Multi-ply
- D21H27/42—Multi-ply comprising dry-laid paper
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
- Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
Abstract
A forming head for dry forming a fibrous web The invention relates to a forming head (1,25) for dry forming a fibrous web, which forming head is positioned above a forming wire opposite a suction unit. The forming head (1,25) is divided into at least two independent interconnected distribution units (2,3,4,5,26,27,28,29,30,31) each of which comprises at least one revolving roller (11,12,13, 14,15,16,17,18,19,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41) provided with protruding spikes (12). By dividing the forming head (1,25) into a plurality of interconnected distribution units (2,3,4,5,26,27,28,29,30,31), a more efficient disintegration of agglomerates, shadows and/or lumps in the fibre material is achieved compared to the known forming heads, thereby ensuring a more homogenous final product.
Description
The present invention relates to the formed head (forming head) for fiber web (fibrous web) dry forming, formed head is positioned at the top of the forming web relative with pump unit (forming wire).The invention still further relates to the method for using described formed head.
Such various formed head can be from for example knowing No. 0159618 european patent application.This application has been described and has been provided with bottom web with a plurality of openings or the formed head of screen cloth.In order to ensure the bottom of fiber by shaping box, the wing, roller are used in suggestion or other shovels are scraped or brushing device, and it removes fiber in the mode of activity from the screen cloth in the bottom of formed head.Pump unit is arranged on the below of forming web to tie up and to move to forming web for towing by the bottom.The increase of the certain providing capability of machinery of even now, but the increase that obtains and unsatisfactory and come further increase ability making efforts for many years.
Net in the bottom of shaping box or the size of the opening in the screen cloth determine by fiber, and this fiber is distributed on the forming web.Especially the use with cellulose fibre is relevant in the manufacturing of paper products for this, and paper products comprise for example napkin paper of absorbing products.Therefore, to the limited length system of employed fiber.
In order to overcome the problem of fibre length, WO99/36623 has described has open bottom,, does not have the formed head of bottom web or screen cloth that is.The distribution of fiber is realized by the spike roller (revolving spike roller) of a plurality of rotations.Described pin is arranged to partly keep the fiber opposing from the effect of the suction of following pump unit.In the formed head of single fiber, form, in air-flow separately and online by below being sent to downwards of the spike roller of the groups of fibers of mixing by using rotation.This has obviously increased the ability of shaped device.But the inventor finds that fibrous mass can fully not torn off by pin by spike roller, causes the inhomogeneous distribution of fibres on the forming web, and therefore causes inhomogeneous final products.
Another problem of known formed head is that they are very expensive.Therefore, the producer prefers to use one or more formed heads of the production that can be used for a lot of different nets, rather than uses the formed head that has the design of production the best of ad hoc networks.Therefore, the formed head that uses by convention is not in particular given product design, causes having the net than desired lower quality.
Therefore the formed head that can meet the desired best need of production and not damage the quality of any thereby the net that obtains need to be arranged.
Therefore a first aspect of the present invention provides the modularization formed head, this modularization formed head is firmly and comprises some distribution units (distribution unit), and distribution unit can easily be assembled into complete formed head and allow larger control and adjustment between adjacent distribution unit.
Provide group, shadow and/or the piece of guaranteeing fiber according to a second aspect of the present invention and do not torn off formed head than hitherto known higher degree.
Provide formed head according to the invention according to a third aspect of the present invention, this formed head is guaranteed the even distribution on the forming web of fiber in dry forming device (dry-forming apparatus), and the ability of damaged fiber distributor not.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention provide in operation reliable and allow overhaul or safeguard between the formed head of long period is arranged.
Provide the formed head that has than the pin of hitherto known more anti-fracture according to a fifth aspect of the present invention.
Provide according to a sixth aspect of the present invention and can easily be suitable for different fiber types and the formed head of fibre length.
Provide according to a seventh aspect of the present invention and can form different nets and/or pad (mat) and the formed head of the ability of damaged fiber distributor not.
This realizes according to the present invention because formed head be divided into a plurality of independently with interconnective distribution unit, wherein each distribution unit comprises at least one rotating roller that is provided with outstanding pin.
When interconnective distribution unit is removably mounted in the formed head, each distribution unit guarantees that formed head can be reequiped with revising so that the need of production of satisfied much different nets also obtains the mould of high-quality manufacturing simultaneously certainly to change into the type end socket, because can design individually and best to employed material and desired final products.
The system that causes having some different independent distribution units according to modularization formed head of the present invention, distribution unit can be easily and at random is assembled into complete formed head, and this allows the hitherto known larger control of ratio and adjustment between adjacent distribution unit.
Therefore, the invention provides installation and the assembling of simplifying described formed head and make the user can increase arbitrarily and/or adjust the formed head of internal part.Can answer in addition client's requirement to design according to the different distributions unit of formed head of the present invention.
Different parts, distribution unit and rotating roller can be transported to the production site and in the production site assembling, be used for independent use and maybe can be connected to the structural framing element so that the formed head integrated with other related elements that generate factory to be provided.
Setter and/or end user also can revise configuration and/or the position of different distribution units and its parts on demand.
Form from a plurality of distribution units by the connecting element assembling according to formed head of the present invention.Preferably, connecting element comprises in the insertion hole within the walls and nutted screw bolt-type member, and still, the present invention also imagines other connecting elements well known by persons skilled in the art.
Therefore can be constructed to process arbitrarily long fiber and/or particle and/or staple fibre according to formed head of the present invention.
Always be specifically designed as with the expectation fiber for the manufacture of the conventional formed head of air-laid webs (air laid web) and satisfy thereby the needs of the net that obtains, if and for example required different fibre lengths, described formed head just could not satisfy the needs of described fiber.Therefore, the use of conventional formed head is limited to the application of appointment.Use has solved this problem according to formed head of the present invention, because each distribution unit is designed to removably be fixed and is interchangeable.When the user wishes to make different products, in formed head, need to use different fibers or different condition only, in order to guarantee netting gear the expectation attribute is arranged, the user replaces simply, removes with one or more different distribution units with needs according to condition or increases one or more distribution units.
By the formed head that comprises some distribution units according to of the present invention is provided, guaranteed that distribution unit can easily be assembled into the complete formed head of the required optimum producting condition of net satisfied thereby that obtain.Therefore, each distribution unit is " plug and play " unit, its available hand by rapid moving except and transposing, with the replacement of another unit or remove or add from formed head simply.
Distribution unit also can be constructed to satisfy specific and unique need of production.Such needs are can be for example relevant with the air-flow supplied in final products, employed fibrous material or the formed head.Aspect this, each distribution unit can be designed best, guarantees that specific unit is best suited for distribution and blended fiber.
Can should be mentioned that as an example, a distribution unit can be designed to give very high impulsive force to the fibrous material that is provided to this unit, and another distribution unit can be designed to guarantee to be provided to the mixing of high level of the fibrous material of formed head.
Therefore, formed head allows the hitherto known larger control of ratio and the adjustment between adjacent distribution unit.
In addition, comprise that by having at least two independently formed heads of distribution unit, inventor are surprised to find that, the more effectively fiber decomposition of comparing with known formed head is implemented.
This is because the decomposition of group, shadow and/or the piece of fibrous material is subject to the impact from the bump of the pin on the rotating roller.When the pin on the rotating roller and for example when bump group, impulsive force will guarantee that described group is decomposed.By the distribution step (distribution step) more than is arranged, be surprised to find that, group, shadow and/or the piece that is not decomposed in the first distribution step is decomposed in unit below.
Therefore use will guarantee that not only all groups, shadow and/or piece in the fibrous material are removed according to formed head of the present invention, and fiber will be opened and separate fully.
Therefore the present invention provides to generate the uniformly possibility of net than possible up to now higher speed, and/or has improved the uniformity of the net made from existing speed.The mixing that the separation of supposing the very high level that caused by different distribution steps has improved the fiber in the formed head is with the result after providing these and improving.
When being applied in the dry forming device according to formed head of the present invention, may form fiber product in addition, wherein avoided the problem of the variation of thickness in the width of product.
As used herein, term " distribution unit " refers to the distribution unit that can work independently as formed head in the situation of the control that does not have another distribution unit or impact.
Therefore, not only provide than known up to now fiber more effective according to formed head of the present invention and to have opened and separate, but also guarantee to prevent that fiber block or excessive fiber are placed on the forming web, and guarantee that fiber was mixed equably before being placed on the forming web.Therefore in the situation of the ability that does not reduce distributor, realize the even distribution of fiber on forming web according to formed head of the present invention.
For the further distribution and the therefore more uniformly distribution of promotion that realize fiber, at least one rotating roller with attached pin at least one distribution unit can advantageously cover the descried whole sectional area in main horizontal plane of distribution unit.Therefore be retained in the distribution unit, remaining group, shadow and/or piece do not turn back to above-mentioned distribution unit thus, suppose for example to roll into a ball to be pulverized and decompose rather than be sucked the unit to be drawn onto forming web with having guaranteed pars fibrosa.
Preferably, distribution unit just in time is placed on the forming web, but can be any one distribution unit or several distribution units in optional embodiment.
But in preferred embodiment, the sectional area of at least one distribution unit is only partly covered by at least one rotating roller with attached pin.The present inventor is surprised to find that, this guarantees that air circulation and direction of air are opposite, provide than formed head more all the fiber of even homogeneous distribute, wherein the sectional area of distribution unit is rotated roller fully and covers.Particularly preferably, the percentage of the sectional area that is covered by the rotating roller in the described distribution unit is preferably about 65% about 30% to about 80%.
In order to realize this, only have the part of the sectional area of distribution unit to be covered by at least one rotating roller, may simply less rotating roller be placed in the distribution unit and/or by adjusting the size of the pin on the rotating roller.But, also may be individually or adjust in combination the size of rotating roller and/or the length of rotating roller.
In conjunction with the information that provides in this application, those skilled in the art will be based on employed material and final products, and according to the present invention, this information can find to the different distributions unit thereby to the best needs of formed head.
According to of the present invention preferred embodiment in, at least one distribution unit comprises a plurality of rotating rollers in the plane of the level in fact of being arranged in.Because be forced through rotating roller at the fibrous material aspect this, guaranteed that fiber is placed on the forming web symmetrically, be formed on the final products that uniform thickness is arranged in the width of forming web.
All rotating rollers in the distribution unit are preferably driven by single engine and synchronous belt.
Therefore obtained that rotating roller can be placed with so that the circle that the outer end of pin is described the to overlap each other beneficial effect of WEB such as gear for example.Such embodiment has rotating roller can be close to the advantage of placing each other, and fiber can be once by the pin impact more than thus.This will, piece and/or shadow provide higher impulsive force, realizes the better decomposition of fibrous material.In addition, when the outer end of pin when moving each other, example is made the fibr tissue possibility that becomes such as the very short fiber with low length to 3 millimeters.Therefore the product that obtains on cross-wise direction and have in a longitudinal direction the well-proportioned section possibility that becomes.
Pin is placed nearer each other in rotating roller, and the efficient that pin will be rolled into a ball, piece and/or shadow turn back to distribution unit is just higher.By this way, fiber block or fiber cluster are kept by spike roller and separate or decompose in progressive mode, are drawn onto forming web because the fiber of these reservations is turned back to distribution unit rather than is sucked the unit by pin.
Alternatively, rotating roller can be placed to so that the circle that the outer end of pin is described not overlap each other.This is advantageous particularly when processing the long fiber that for example has 60 millimeters or larger length according to formed head of the present invention, because circle defines the outer end that in fact just contact departs from pin each other each other or a little.In this respect, the pin on the rotating roller preferably is placed to the pin that is in close proximity on the contiguous roller, for example 2 millimeters.
In addition, may change pin in the axial direction of rotating roller and the intensity on the circumference.By these parameters, pin is with respect to number of times and the air-flow of the rotation of the placement of the pin on the contiguous rotating roller, roller, and the function of regulating formed head according to the present invention is possible.
According to an embodiment of the invention, pin can be made by partially or completely flexible material.By this way, contact with each other or clash into or contact or clash into the wall of formed head if guaranteed pin, pin can not damage or rupture.This will guarantee that formed head known formed head more reliable in operation and ratio use inflexibility pin needs maintenance still less.Such flexibility or the pin of partially flexible can for example be the forms of bristle or brush.
Alternatively, pin can be made by non-flexible material.Such pin will provide larger impulsive force, and this fibrous material for some kind is preferred.Use non-flexible material will guarantee therefore that indomitable especially group, piece and/or shadow are decomposed to pin.
Under any circumstance, pin is longer, and is just stronger to the bump of fibrous material, and the separation of group is just more effective.
According to of the present invention another preferred embodiment in, at least one roller at least one distribution unit is removably installed.Therefore may be simply by in distribution unit, replacing, remove or increasing the material that one or more rotating rollers are at random adjusted the length of the degree of approach of the pin on the rotating roller for example, pin and/or made pin.
Adjust also can by in the plane that is installed in level in fact mutually the roller of dislocation realize, may set up recess thus, this recess allows more substantial fibrous material to pass through within the given time period.Alternatively, the rotating roller in the distribution unit can have different length and/or size.
Formed head can be advantageously provided the bottom with a plurality of openings.This bottom can preferably be placed on the distribution step close to forming web, but can be in protection domain according to employed fibrous material and final products be placed on all, in some distribution units or be not placed in the distribution unit.
If for example long fiber is with processed, preferably, solid bottom is not placed at the place at the distribution step.But if less fiber or particle are distributed by formed head, one or more distribution steps can be advantageously provided fixing bottom.
The pump unit that is placed in the preferably vacuum unit of forming web below will higher degree affect little particle and/or fiber at long fiber.Fixing bottom will prevent that little fiber and/or particle from directly being sucked and arriving on the forming web by rotating roller, and will therefore help to guarantee to comprise that the product of fubril and/or particle also is homogeneous.
Fixing bottom can preferably be arranged to fiber and/or particle are placed on the form of screen cloth, net or grid on the forming web.In order to guarantee fiber and/or particle by the bottom of formed head, the bottom can comprise the wing, roller or other shovel is scraped or washing device, and its mode with activity removes fiber from the bottom.
In the characteristic of fiber and/or particle, fiber and/or particle are distributed on the forming web and on the desired product at the Size-dependent of the net at place, the bottom of shaping box or the opening in the screen cloth.This is comprising that absorbing products is for example special relevant with the use of cellulose fibre in the manufacturing of the paper products of napkin paper.
When the bottom is that the bottom can easily change in order to not only adjust and/or change the ability of formed head when having the form of grid of a plurality of dismountable grid elements (detachable grid element), and change fiber to the transfer rate of forming web.In this respect, the bottom can help to optimize final products.
Roller can be preferably by horizontal positioned or vertical the placement, and pin will rotate on vertical plane He in the horizontal plane respectively thus.Because the symmetry of fiber is placed, this is preferred, and the width that is organized in shaping box of uniform thickness is interior to be formed so that have.
Which floor roller the fiber that has various abilities for the formed head of arranging the roller with horizontal orientation with processing may arrange in each distribution unit.Roller in every layer can be placed on the row, and its longitudinal axis is parallel or vertically directed on the moving direction of forming web.But the longitudinal axis of roller also can be oriented on the direction parallel with the moving direction of forming web.
According to the present invention, the possibility that forms fiber product is shown, wherein avoided the problem of varied in thickness in the width of the product that forming web forms.Can expect, the wonderful uniformity of this of the thickness of the product that produces in the width of product is because following truth: directly guide fiber downwards against forming web on the surface that is rotated in forming web of spike roller on vertical direction.Therefore in favourable embodiment, the roller in each distribution unit be suitable for identical rotary speed around they the longitudinal axis for example 200 and 5000rpm between, preferably in the interval of 2000-3000rpm, rotate greatly.
But in different embodiments, roller can be suitable for that different rotary speeies is arranged in different distribution steps or simply in single distribution unit.Be adjustable by allowing rotary speed, each distribution unit can be in optimum state work, even be provided with the materials of different amounts at different time quantums.In this respect, also may be to each the distribution step of design of material with specific physical attribute.
As previously mentioned, the pin on each rotating roller can be distributed as along the longitudinal axis of roller with along the circumference of roller.Preferably, described be evenly distributed on both direction, in order to guarantee the even distribution of forming web.
Also may use the size and the rotary speed that alter a great deal.But preferably, the axial distance between the pin is between 3 and 20 millimeters, and the thickness of pin is between 0.5 and 10 millimeter.The length of pin is preferably about 100 millimeters between 5 and 200 millimeters.
Within the scope of the invention, also may use rotary speed, pin length and the pin thickness that is positioned at outside these intervals.By changing length and the thickness of roller and pin, may process long fiber there not being them to rotate in the situation of the danger in each other equally.That is to say, may process long fiber and these fibers are placed on the forming web as independent fiber, and do not rotate in each other.
Very short in order to make, that is, have the final products of fiber of the length of about 2-4 millimeter, be spaced apart with the outer end of the roller of outstanding pin, for example between pin net such as the gear passage is arranged in order to allow at the corresponding pin on the adjacent roller.Therefore obtain on cross-wise direction and the well-proportioned product of the well-proportioned section possibility that becomes is arranged in a longitudinal direction.When fiber is retained in the distribution unit with higher degree, also may process staple fibre, prevent that fiber from directly falling on the forming web.
Among the application, term " pin " includes the embodiment of the pin that mainly is screw thread formation.But problem also comprises the element that plate forms, and it also can be designed to the wing.The wing that such plate forms mainly forms with the wide zone that the rotating shaft at axle is placed vertically planar.Alternatively, plate can form by the inclined-plane or be formed as propeller to produce the up or down behavior of direction in groups of fibers.Be convenient to air when being employed for the pin at wing one-tenth by formed head, the wing can arrange porose.Such hole can promote passing through of air.By suitably selecting rotary speed and in roller, forming the hole, can stop or limit fiber by such hole.
In according to particularly advantageous embodiment of the present invention, formed head comprises four distribution units, and it is from beginning to be placed continuously from forming web distribution unit farthest.Be surprised to find that, when the first distribution unit comprises a rotating roller, the second distribution unit comprises two rotating rollers, the 3rd distribution unit comprises a rotating roller, and the 4th distribution unit comprises a plurality of rotating rollers in the plane of the level in fact of being disposed in, fibrous material will be open fully and do not have piece or shadow, this has guaranteed the well-proportioned distribution of fiber on forming web again.
The top distribution unit preferably is arranged to and can transmits relatively large impulsive force to fibrous material.Therefore find, for example having, the single rotating roller of the long pin of the length between 50 and 130 millimeters is preferred.In this respect, the first distribution unit can have identical with following distribution unit or less level cross-sectionn.The inventor proves, clear and definite useful " the shower effect " that the formed head with described structure provides the difference by Air Flow (fluxuation) to produce, and it distributes fiber equably and effectively spreads on the long following distribution unit.
Final products can be made or comprised at least natural fabric, for example cellulose fibre, the fiber from flax, hemp, jute, ramie, sisal hemp, cotton, kapok, glass, stone, old newsprint, napier grass, bog moss, sea grass, monkey grass or analog by natural fabric.These fibers have possibility useful certain insulating capacity in a lot of the application.
The part of synthetic fiber, for example bulk material of polyamide, polyester, polyacrylic acid, polypropylene, bicomponent fiber or vermiculite fiber or analog and any kind also can be made or be comprised at least by synthetic fiber to product.Fiberboard with such synthetic fiber can be used for providing the fiber product with some attribute, for example absorbing products.In addition, fiber can be used the fire retardant preliminary treatment, and perhaps fire retardant can directly be provided in fibre blend, and fibre blend is blown in the shaping box.
Because can use very long fiber according to formed head of the present invention, may make stable product, although it manufacturedly has large thickness.This is because long fiber can form fiber bond (bindings) at for example relatively large material layer up to the 200-400 millimeter.Bond can be frangible hydrogen bond or elasticity bond, and it is set up by bond material or its combination.
Can therefore be used for for example by synthetic fiber or natural fabric or its mixture manufacturing felt pad according to formed head of the present invention.
In this respect, can comprise alternatively end wall with the immediate distribution unit of forming web, it can be with respect to forming web about highly adjusted.Therefore realize that the thickness of final products is not limited to the advantage of specific maximum height.
The present invention has been described with reference to the accompanying drawings in further detail, wherein
Fig. 1 is the perspective schematic view according to the formed head of an embodiment of the invention;
The part that Fig. 2 shows the formed head shown in Fig. 1 is the schematic side elevation in cross section,
Fig. 3 shows the schematic side elevation of the 4th distribution unit shown in Fig. 1,
Fig. 4 shows the schematic side elevation of the different embodiment of the 4th distribution unit among Fig. 1, and
Fig. 5 a shows the schematic side elevation according to the formed head of the second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 b shows the embodiment shown in Fig. 5 a with front schematic view.
In following Fig. 1-4, suppose as an example to comprise four distribution units according to formed head of the present invention.This is never intention restriction the present invention certainly, and within the scope of the invention, formed head can comprise from two to a plurality of distribution units.
In Fig. 1, show the formed head 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.Formed head comprises respectively four independently interconnective distribution units 2,3,4 and 5.Fiber is provided to the first distribution unit 2 by entrance 6.Pump unit 7 is positioned at forming web 8 belows, and formed head is positioned at online side.Fiber 9 is that air-laid webs on the forming web 8 is to form net 10 in the dry forming process.
In Fig. 1, formed head is shown visible inner member in the 4th distribution unit 5.But, it will be appreciated that housing wall can be made by transparent or opaque material.
In each distribution unit 2,3,4,5 inside, rotating roller is provided with outstanding pin 12.
In the embodiment shown in Figure 1, the first distribution unit 2 comprises a rotating roller 11, the second distribution unit 3 comprises two rotating rollers 12,13, the 3rd distribution unit 4 comprises a rotating roller 14, and the 4th distribution unit 5 comprises five rotating rollers 15,16,17,18,19 in the plane that places the in fact level parallel with forming web 8.
Place interior five rotating rollers 15,16,17,18,19 of the 4th distribution unit can be considered to consist of the bottom of formed head, wherein three rotating rollers 15,16,17 are placed in a sidewall next door of distribution unit, and two rotating rollers 18,19 are placed in opposite side.
Obvious for those skilled in the art, the quantity of rotating roller can be according to product and the employed fiber adjustment of expectation.
The engine 20 that is arranged the possibility of variable rotary speed drives each rotating roller, guarantees to adjust according to roller, pin and product to be formed the speed of engine.
In the rotating roller 11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19 each has axle 21, and the pin 12 of the form of the element that forms with screw thread on axle 21 is given prominence to.Pin 12 has been prescribed a size and mutual edge distance mutually, and this makes and allow to have passage (passage) possibility that becomes between the corresponding pin 12 on the adjacent rotating roller.
Rotation spike roller in the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 is placed to so that the circle that the outer end of pin is described not overlap each other.
Fiber 9 is provided to formed head 1 by entrance 6.Described fiber comprises, piece and/or shadow, and when these contact with pin 12, group, piece and/or shadow will be decomposed or be torn up, in order to guarantee the even distribution of the fiber 9 in the product 10 that forming web 8 forms.
This is because the decomposition of the group of fibrous material is subject to the impact from the bump of the pin on the rotating roller, and when for example rolling into a ball when being rotated pin and impacting, impulsive force is forced to the group of assurance to open and/or decompose in certain degree at least.
Because this is not only repeated several times in each distribution unit, and in these four distribution units, all groups, shadow and/or piece all will be removed, in order to guarantee the even distribution of the fiber 9 in the product 10 that forming web 8 forms.
Fiber is provided to the first distribution unit 2 by entrance 6 in air-flow.Air-flow can produce by conveying fan, and conveying fan is connected with the pipe that leads to distribution unit, but other method of acquisition air-flow well known by persons skilled in the art is in protection domain.
In the embodiment shown in Figure 1, fiber mainly imports from every side of the first distribution unit 2, but fiber also can be fed to by a plurality of inlet tubes on every side of described distribution unit distribution unit or several distribution units.Therefore, may change by opening and closing inlet tube the ability of formed head.
As the possibility of entrance 6, fiber can be introduced in above-mentioned distribution unit in the described distribution unit by fiber is blown into.This will guarantee that fiber has sizable speed when being incorporated into the unit, this be defined in that large change in concentration in the whole formed head will be reduced or even eliminate, guaranteed distributing more uniformly to the powder of net.
The first distribution unit 2 of top can have maybe can not have dismountable lid 23 to allow the examination and maintenance of formed head, and provide and permit the possibility that leaked-in air enters, so that the Continuous Flow to forming web that negative pressure does not increase in formed head and obstruction obtains by pump unit.Preferably, lid 23 has air intake opening 24 to enter for permitting leaked-in air.Opening can be arranged on any other suitable position of covering in 23 or on the formed head, and for example, in the axial side of the first distribution unit 2 and/or distribution unit subsequently, and more opening can be set up and be favourable.
Distributing uniformly increases in addition, because rotating roller keeps fiber before fiber is drawn onto forming web by vacuum gradually from pump unit.By this way, rotating roller is as a kind of buffer area work, guarantees that fiber directly do not fall on the forming web.
Also can be added on some distribution steps according to formed head of the present invention as the fiber of the part of final net or other products, increase the ability of formed head.
In this respect, comprise that the fibrous material of group, piece and/or the shadow of impulsive force that need to be the highest can be fed to the first distribution step 2, and need the fibrous material of minimum impulsive force to be fed to distribution unit 5.
Fig. 2 shows the schematic side elevation that the part shown in Fig. 1 is the formed head in cross section.On the right side of figure, show be used to schematically showing rotating roller 11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19 partial cross section, and the left side of figure shows engine 20.
As see, the first distribution unit 2 and the 3rd distribution unit 4 all comprise the rotating roller 11,14 with pin 12, its only cover distribution unit sectional area about 65%.On the contrary, the second distribution unit 3 has two rotating rollers 12,13 with pin, and pin covers in fact the whole zone of each distribution unit.
The 4th distribution unit 5 has five rotating rollers 15,16,17,18,19 in the plane that is placed on the in fact level parallel with forming web 8.To cover the whole bottom of the 4th distribution unit 5 with these rotating rollers of attached pin, by the 4th distribution unit 5, fibrous material will be released to forming web.Because pin partly keeps fiber with the effect of opposing from the suction of pump unit, the groups of fibers that forms in the shaping box of single fiber is separated also and is mixed in air-flow, is sent to following online downwards by using the rotation spike roller.
Fig. 3 shows the schematic side elevation according to the 4th distribution unit 5 of the present invention, and wherein the pin 22 on the rotating roller 15,16,17,18,19 is placed with so that the circle that the outer end 23 of pin is described not overlap each other.
This is advantageous particularly when not being flexible when the pin 22 on the rotating roller, because the bump between two rotations and adjacent pin may make the pin fracture.
Fig. 4 shows the different embodiments according to the 4th distribution unit 5 of described invention, and wherein the pin 22 on the rotating roller 15,16,17,18,19 is placed with so that the circle that the outer end 23 of pin is described not overlap each other.As being clearly shown that among the figure, two adjacent pins are meshed as gear each other.
Embodiment shown in Fig. 3 has the advantages that rotating roller 15,16,17,18,19 can be each other more closely placed, thus fiber can be once by more than one pin 12 impacts,, piece and/or shadow provide higher impulsive force, realize better decomposing.
This is advantageous particularly when not being flexible when the pin 22 on the rotating roller, because the bump between two rotations and adjacent pin may make the pin fracture.
Fig. 5 a and 5b show the second embodiment 25 according to formed head of the present invention.This embodiment corresponds essentially to the first embodiment of minor modifications, and identical part uses identical reference number.
In Fig. 5 a and 5b, suppose as an example to comprise six distribution units according to formed head of the present invention.This is never intention restriction the present invention certainly, and within the scope of the invention, formed head can comprise from two to a plurality of distribution units.
Formed head shown in Fig. 5 a and the 5b comprises distinguishes six independently interconnected distribution units 26,27,28,29,30 and 31.Fiber is provided to the first distribution unit 26 by entrance 6.Pump unit 7 is positioned at forming web 8 belows, and formed head 25 is positioned at online side.Fiber is the air-laid webs on forming web 8, to form net in the dry forming process.
As shown in Fig. 5 a and 5b, first, second, and third distribution unit 25,26 and 27 has than following distribution unit, that is, and and the 4th, the 5th and the 6th distribution unit 28,29 and 30 less level cross-sectionns.
Difference in the level cross-sectionn has been guaranteed at the distribution unit with smaller cross-sectional area and has been had flowing of air-flow between the distribution unit of larger cross section, produce thus inhomogeneous air-flow, this will guarantee that fiber is distributed more equably and spreads on the following distribution unit.
In each distribution unit, rotating roller is provided with outstanding pin 12.
In the embodiment shown in Fig. 5 a and the 5b, the first distribution unit 26 comprises a rotating roller 32, the second distribution unit 27 comprises two rotating rollers 33,34, the 3rd distribution unit 28 comprises a rotating roller 35, the 4th distribution unit 29 comprises a rotating roller 36, the 5th distribution unit 30 comprises two rotating rollers 37,38, and the 6th distribution unit 28 comprises three rotating rollers 39,40,41 in the plane that is placed in the in fact level parallel with forming web 8.
Place three rotating rollers 39,40,41 of the 6th distribution unit can be considered to form the bottom of formed head.
Obvious for a person skilled in the art, the quantity of rotating roller and corresponding pin and size can be adjusted arbitrarily according to desired product and employed fiber.
The engine 20 that is arranged the possibility of variable rotary speed drives each rotating roller, guarantees to adjust according to roller, pin and product to be formed the speed of engine.
All rotating rollers that single engine 20 drives in the distribution unit.The synchronous belt (not shown) is used for power is sent to each rotating roller from described engine.Therefore obtain that rotating roller can be placed to so that the circle that the outer end of pin is described the to overlap each other useful effect of net such as gear for example.This embodiment has the advantage that rotating roller can more closely be placed each other, so fiber can be once by the pin impact more than.This will, piece and/or shadow provide higher impulsive force, realizes the better decomposition of fibrous material.In addition, when the outer end of pin when moving each other, example is made the fibr tissue possibility that becomes such as the very short fiber with low length to 3 millimeters.Therefore, realize on cross-wise direction and the very uniformly product of the section possibility that becomes is arranged very uniformly in a longitudinal direction.
Certainly may use independent engine to each rotating roller in a distribution unit, and all rotating rollers in the second distribution unit are used common engine and synchronous transfer band etc.
Should further emphasize, each distribution unit with additional engine in formed head is " plug and play ", and available quick-moving speed is extracted and changed, replace, remove fully or extra distribution unit is added to formed head with another distribution unit.
Claims (22)
1. formed head (1,25) that is used for the fiber web dry forming, described formed head (1,25) is positioned at the top of the forming web (8) relative with pump unit (7), it is characterized in that, described formed head (1,25) is divided into and is removably mounted on described formed head (1,25) at least two distribution units (2,3,4 in, 5,26,27,28,29,30,31), in described at least two distribution units one is arranged on another the top, and each distribution unit comprises at least one rotating roller (11 that is provided with outstanding pin (12), 12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41).
2. formed head as claimed in claim 1 (1,25) is characterized in that, the described distribution unit in the described formed head communicates with each other, so that top distribution unit (2) can be sent to fibrous material following distribution unit (3,4,5).
3. formed head as claimed in claim 1 or 2 (1,25) is characterized in that, at least one described distribution unit (2,3,4,5,26,27,28,29,30,31) described at least one rotating roller (11,12,13,14 in, 15,16,17,18,19,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41) the described pin (12) on covers the described distribution unit (2,3 of seeing with respect to described forming web (8), 4,5,26,27,28,29,30,31) sectional area 30% to 80% between.
4. formed head as claimed in claim 1 or 2 (1,25) is characterized in that, at least one described distribution unit (2,3,4,5,26,27,28,29,30,31) described at least one rotating roller (11,12,13,14 in, 15,16,17,18,19,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41) the described pin (12) on covers the described distribution unit (2,3 of seeing with respect to described forming web (8), 4,5,26,27,28,29,30,31) whole area of section.
5. formed head as claimed in claim 1 or 2 (1,25) is characterized in that, at least one distribution unit (2,3,4,5,26,27,28,29,30,31) have and following distribution unit (2,3,4,5,26,27,28,29,30,31) identical or less level cross-sectionn.
6. formed head as claimed in claim 1 or 2 (1,25) is characterized in that, at least one described distribution unit (2,3,4,5,26,27,28,29,30,31) at least one roller (11,12,13,14 in, 15,16,17,18,19,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41) removably installed.
7. formed head as claimed in claim 1 or 2 (1,25) is characterized in that, at least one rotating roller (11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41) have the size different from residue rotating roller in the distribution step.
8. formed head as claimed in claim 1 or 2 (1,25) is characterized in that, described formed head (1,25) is equipped with the bottom with a plurality of openings.
9. formed head as claimed in claim 8 (1,25) is characterized in that, described bottom is the grid with a plurality of dismountable grid elements.
10. formed head as claimed in claim 1 or 2 (1,25) is characterized in that, at least one distribution unit (2,3,4,5,26,27,28,29,30,31) at least one roller (11,12,13,14 in, 15,16,17,18,19,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41) be placed with the moving direction that the longitudinal axis is oriented orthogonal to described forming web (8).
11. formed head as claimed in claim 1 or 2 (1,25) is characterized in that, at least one distribution unit (2,3,4,5,26,27,28,29,30,31) the described roller (11,12,13 in, 14,15,16,17,18,19) be placed with its longitudinal axis with respect to other distribution units (2,3,4,5,26,27,28,29,30,31) the described roller (11 one of, 12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41) on identical or different direction.
12. formed head as claimed in claim 1 or 2 (1,25) is characterized in that, each distribution unit (2,3,4,5,26,27,28,29,30,31) the described roller (11,12,13 in, 14,15,16,17,18,19) be suitable for identical or different rotary speeies around its longitudinal axis rotation.
13. formed head as claimed in claim 1 or 2 (1,25) is characterized in that, described pin (12) is along described roller (11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41) even circumferential ground distributes.
14. formed head as claimed in claim 1 or 2 (1,25) is characterized in that, at least one distribution unit (2,3,4,5,26,27,28,29,30,31) the described pin (12) in is at described roller (11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41) be spaced apart on the longitudinal direction, thereby allow at adjacent roller (11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41) between the relative pin (12) on passage is arranged.
15. formed head as claimed in claim 1 or 2 (1,25) is characterized in that, described roller (11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41) the described pin (12) on is made by flexible material.
16. formed head as claimed in claim 1 (1,25) is characterized in that, described formed head comprises four distribution units (2,3 placing continuously from beginning from described forming web described distribution unit farthest, 4,5,26,27,28,29,30,31), wherein
The first distribution unit (2) comprises a rotating roller (11),
The second distribution unit (3) comprises two rotating rollers (12,13),
The 3rd distribution unit (4) comprises a rotating roller (14),
The 4th distribution unit (5) comprises a plurality of rotating rollers in the plane (15,16,17,18,19) of the level of being arranged in.
17. formed head as claimed in claim 16 (1,25) is characterized in that, described the first distribution unit, the second distribution unit and the 4th distribution unit (2,3,5) the described rotating roller (11,12 in, 13,15,16,17,18,19) the described pin (12) on covers the whole area of section of each distribution unit when seeing in the plane of main level.
18. formed head as claimed in claim 1 or 2 (1,25) is characterized in that, at least one described distribution unit (2,3,4,5,26,27,28,29,30,31) described at least one rotating roller (11,12,13,14 in, 15,16,17,18,19,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41) the described pin (12) on covers the described distribution unit (2,3 of seeing with respect to described forming web (8), 4,5,26,27,28,29,30,31) 65% of sectional area.
19. formed head as claimed in claim 7 (1,25) is characterized in that, the described length that is of a size of.
20. one kind for the manufacture of fibroreticulate equipment, it is characterized in that, described equipment comprises according to each described formed head (1,25) among the claim 1-19.
21. one kind is used for the drying fibroreticulate method of making, described method is used according to each described formed head among the claim 1-19 and is come the drying fiber web of making, and wherein said at least two distribution units are removably mounted on described formed head (1,25) in, and a distribution unit is disposed on the top of another distribution unit, it is characterized in that
Fibrous material is added to from forming web described distribution unit (2) farthest, in described formed head (1,25), processes being used for,
Make the distribution unit (3,4,5) of described fibrous material below a distribution unit is sent to, and
Described fibrous material is placed on the described forming web (8), to be used to form described fiber web.
22. method as claimed in claim 21, wherein said at least one distribution unit (2,3,4,5,26,27,28,29,30,31) remove from described formed head (1,25), and alternatively, different distribution unit (2,3,4,5,26,27,28,29,30,31) be inserted into.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP08150185.0 | 2008-01-11 | ||
| EP08150185A EP2078769A1 (en) | 2008-01-11 | 2008-01-11 | A forming head for dry forming a fibrous web |
| PCT/EP2009/050273 WO2009087236A1 (en) | 2008-01-11 | 2009-01-12 | A forming head for dry forming a fibrous web |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101925697A CN101925697A (en) | 2010-12-22 |
| CN101925697B true CN101925697B (en) | 2013-02-20 |
Family
ID=39471939
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009801032115A Active CN101925697B (en) | 2008-01-11 | 2009-01-12 | Forming head for dry forming fibrous web |
Country Status (14)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20100283176A1 (en) |
| EP (2) | EP2078769A1 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20100116185A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN101925697B (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE535634T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2009203705A1 (en) |
| BR (1) | BRPI0905731A2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2711808A1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK2238281T3 (en) |
| NZ (1) | NZ587277A (en) |
| PL (1) | PL2238281T3 (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2502837C2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2009087236A1 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA201005680B (en) |
Families Citing this family (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2078769A1 (en) * | 2008-01-11 | 2009-07-15 | Portico Ldt. | A forming head for dry forming a fibrous web |
| CA2777244C (en) | 2009-10-21 | 2018-01-09 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Porous supported articles and methods of making |
| US8834758B2 (en) | 2010-04-13 | 2014-09-16 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Thick inorganic fiber webs and methods of making and using |
| MX2012011845A (en) | 2010-04-13 | 2012-11-09 | 3M Innovative Properties Co | Methods of making inorganic fiber webs. |
| CN102834558A (en) | 2010-04-13 | 2012-12-19 | 3M创新有限公司 | Inorganic fiber webs and methods of making and using |
| CA2796039A1 (en) | 2010-04-13 | 2011-10-20 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Inorganic fiber webs and methods of making and using |
| GB201012860D0 (en) * | 2010-07-30 | 2010-09-15 | Rockwool Int | Method for manufacturing a fibre-containing element and element produced by that method |
| DE102012111815A1 (en) * | 2011-12-22 | 2013-06-27 | Oerlikon Textile Gmbh & Co. Kg | Device useful for dry molding a fiber web, comprises molding head, which has fiber outlet having a molding wire which is arranged above a storage tape and comprises a number of clamping plates connected by rigid holding device |
| BR112014015843A8 (en) | 2011-12-30 | 2017-07-04 | 3M Innovative Properties Co | methods and apparatus for producing non-woven fibrous webs |
| JP6290789B2 (en) * | 2011-12-30 | 2018-03-07 | スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー | Apparatus and method for producing a nonwoven fibrous web |
| EP2799607A1 (en) * | 2013-05-03 | 2014-11-05 | Formfiber Denmark ApS | A method and apparatus for dry-forming a fibrous product |
| PT3049563T (en) | 2013-09-25 | 2018-02-12 | Really Aps | Method of manufacturing a product from textile waste |
| WO2019142851A1 (en) * | 2018-01-17 | 2019-07-25 | 東レ株式会社 | Reinforced fiber mat manufacturing device |
| WO2020253927A1 (en) | 2019-06-20 | 2020-12-24 | Advance Nonwoven A/S | Dry forming plant and method for dry forming a fibrous tissue using such dry forming plant |
| FR3120372A1 (en) | 2021-03-02 | 2022-09-09 | Saint-Gobain Isover | MINERAL WOOL MANUFACTURING FACILITY |
| FR3120373B1 (en) | 2021-03-02 | 2024-05-03 | Saint Gobain Isover | MINERAL WOOL MANUFACTURING FACILITY |
| GB202212612D0 (en) | 2022-08-31 | 2022-10-12 | Aeropowder Ltd | Oil absorbent materials |
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| WO2006012898A1 (en) * | 2004-08-05 | 2006-02-09 | Dan-Core International A/S | Former head with rotary drum |
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| DK172432B1 (en) * | 1997-12-23 | 1998-06-15 | Carsten Andersen | Former box for apparatus for dry forming a fibrous tissue. |
| ID29844A (en) * | 1998-09-22 | 2001-10-18 | Kimberly Clark Co | PROCESS TO MAKE LAMINATES FROM FILM THAT HAS NOT BEEN THE LOOK AND THE NETWORK ISN'T ANNUAL WEIGHT OF THE MATCH AND THE PRODUCTS PRODUCED FROM ITS |
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| EP2400476A1 (en) * | 2010-06-28 | 2011-12-28 | Thomson Licensing | Method and device for 3D object protection by permutation of its points |
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2008
- 2008-01-11 EP EP08150185A patent/EP2078769A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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2009
- 2009-01-12 AU AU2009203705A patent/AU2009203705A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2009-01-12 WO PCT/EP2009/050273 patent/WO2009087236A1/en active Application Filing
- 2009-01-12 CA CA2711808A patent/CA2711808A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2009-01-12 AT AT09700432T patent/ATE535634T1/en active
- 2009-01-12 BR BRPI0905731-5A patent/BRPI0905731A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2009-01-12 CN CN2009801032115A patent/CN101925697B/en active Active
- 2009-01-12 US US12/812,346 patent/US20100283176A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2009-01-12 NZ NZ587277A patent/NZ587277A/en unknown
- 2009-01-12 EP EP09700432A patent/EP2238281B1/en active Active
- 2009-01-12 PL PL09700432T patent/PL2238281T3/en unknown
- 2009-01-12 KR KR1020107017588A patent/KR20100116185A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2009-01-12 DK DK09700432.9T patent/DK2238281T3/en active
- 2009-01-12 RU RU2010132248/12A patent/RU2502837C2/en active
-
2010
- 2010-08-10 ZA ZA2010/05680A patent/ZA201005680B/en unknown
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| US3252186A (en) * | 1963-01-21 | 1966-05-24 | Wood Conversion Co | Differential fiber dispersing rolls and felting therefrom |
| EP0159618A1 (en) * | 1984-04-27 | 1985-10-30 | MIRA LANZA S.p.a. | Apparatus for uniformly distributing a disintegrated fibrous material on a fiber layer forming surface in plants for the dry forming of paper |
| CN1346307A (en) * | 1999-04-09 | 2002-04-24 | Bki控股公司 | Distribution unit for dry forming of web material |
| WO2006012898A1 (en) * | 2004-08-05 | 2006-02-09 | Dan-Core International A/S | Former head with rotary drum |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| RU2010132248A (en) | 2012-02-20 |
| CN101925697A (en) | 2010-12-22 |
| NZ587277A (en) | 2011-12-22 |
| WO2009087236A1 (en) | 2009-07-16 |
| RU2502837C2 (en) | 2013-12-27 |
| CA2711808A1 (en) | 2009-07-16 |
| KR20100116185A (en) | 2010-10-29 |
| EP2238281A1 (en) | 2010-10-13 |
| BRPI0905731A2 (en) | 2015-07-14 |
| AU2009203705A1 (en) | 2009-07-16 |
| ZA201005680B (en) | 2011-04-28 |
| PL2238281T3 (en) | 2012-04-30 |
| US20100283176A1 (en) | 2010-11-11 |
| EP2078769A1 (en) | 2009-07-15 |
| ATE535634T1 (en) | 2011-12-15 |
| DK2238281T3 (en) | 2012-03-12 |
| EP2238281B1 (en) | 2011-11-30 |
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