CN101923102A - Fiber accelerometer based on Mach-Zehnder interferometer - Google Patents
Fiber accelerometer based on Mach-Zehnder interferometer Download PDFInfo
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- CN101923102A CN101923102A CN 201010173095 CN201010173095A CN101923102A CN 101923102 A CN101923102 A CN 101923102A CN 201010173095 CN201010173095 CN 201010173095 CN 201010173095 A CN201010173095 A CN 201010173095A CN 101923102 A CN101923102 A CN 101923102A
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Abstract
The invention provides a fiber accelerometer based on a Mach-Zehnder interferometer, which comprises a light source, a single-core polarization maintaining fiber, a sensing probe, a twin-core polarization maintaining fiber and a detector, wherein both ends of the twin-core polarization maintaining fiber are respectively connected with the single-core polarization maintaining fiber through polarization maintaining fiber couplers; light emitted by the light source passes through the single-core polarization maintaining fiber, is coupled into the two fiber cores of the twin-core polarization maintaining fiber respectively through the coupling of a polarization maintaining fiber 1*2 coupler, and then enters the sensing probe of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer formed by the twin-core polarization maintaining fiber; two light arms of the sensing probe interfere at the polarization maintaining fiber 2*1 coupler, and interfered signals are converted into electric signals for data processing by the detector after passing through the single-core polarization maintaining fiber. The invention is beneficial to the miniaturization and the integration of the sensor, can solve the stability problem caused by randomly changed polarization state of a sensor of the traditional accelerometer, has the advantage of outputting two paths of complementary signals and has low requirement on the coherence of the light source.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of optical fiber acceleration transducer.
Background technology
The measurement of acceleration all is widely used in a lot of fields.Along with the continuous expansion of usable range, require that sensor bulk is smaller and more exquisite, measuring accuracy and reliability is higher and develop to intelligentized direction.Because the high speed development of science and technology is more and more higher to the requirement of precision, stability and the volume miniaturization of sensor.In most of optical fiber acceleration sensing probes of having reported, cantilever beam structure and mandrel column structure are two kinds of structures that are commonly used to construct the mass inertia oscillator.The mandrel column structure is applied in the phase modulation-type acceleration transducer substantially, be a kind of structure of general practicality, but the cross-talk of transducing signal is bigger.The cantilever beam structure widespread usage also is useful on the report of grating type optical fiber sensing probe in the intensity modulation type fibre-optical probe, this simple for structure, but sensitivity and precision are not high, and the big non-linear hour error of tested vibration acceleration scope is difficult to avoid.
The Michaelson interferometer and Mach---Zehnder interferometer then is one of classical architecture of phase modulation-type fibre optic interferometer.The Michaelson interferometer relies on reflected light to produce interference, four fibre-optical splices in the fiber coupler are symmetrical on light path, always distribute to two optical fiber outputs uniformly by the light signal of an optical fiber input, the light that reflects by reference arm and signal arm, not only in this light path of photoelectric detector, produce interference light through the 3dB fiber coupler, and in this root light path of light source, also can produce the reflected light identical with entering photoelectric detector, and the noise of light source is increased, the coherence weakens.So generally will behind light source, add an optoisolator, stop reflected light to enter light source.Compare with the reflection interference structure of Michaelson, Mach---Ze De is a kind of transmission-type interference structure, do not have back light to influence the problem of light source works, and have the advantage of two-way complementary signal output, this symmetry output make interferometer is controlled with signal Processing comparatively convenient.But most so far Mach---damp moral structure integrated level is still not high, as U.S. Pat 6031948, US5920666, US 20040149037A1, Chinese patent " uses the Mach-Zehnder interfere type device of composite fiber " (publication number CN 1172958A).Under the situation that interferometer is had higher mechanical stability and temperature stability require, the optical fiber mach Zehnder interferometer of being made up of the discrete optical texture is difficult to satisfy such demand.The polarization-maintaining coupler that double joint optical fiber constitutes will have good extinction ratio, requires two optical fiber polarisation main shaft keeping parallelisms, and polarization maintaining optical fibre will remain two optic fibre force balances in the fusion drawn process, little rotation does not take place, and these are all influential to system stability.Chinese patent " double-core optical fiber integration type accelerometer and measuring method " (publication number CN 101368978) is measured twin-core fiber transmission change of interference fringes by CCD and is measured acceleration, and integrated level improves greatly, but very high to the pixel request of CCD.Chinese patent " fiber integrated type Mach-Zehnder interferometer and manufacture method thereof " (publication number CN 101105555A) proposes a kind of integrated form optical fiber Mach---Zehnder interferometer structure, but optical fiber described in the above-mentioned patent and device are non-polarization maintaining optical fibre and device, and to cause the instability of interference signal be to be difficult to one of difficult problem that effectively overcomes so far to the random variation of polarization state when light wave transmitted in common low-birefringence single-mode fiber.Generally the two-beam fibre optic interferometer of being made by low birefringent fiber all can't be avoided because the detection signal random fading that the optical polarization random variation causes in the optical fiber causes the stability of system to become very poor.Special in the optical fiber during two pickup arm polarization state quadratures, the output interference signal of interferometer is zero.In the phase modulation-type Fibre Optical Sensor, for the phase place that reduces optical fiber itself and the disturbance of polarization state, should adopt single-mode fiber, for making contrast the best of interference light intensity, require the light wave in signal arm and the reference arm must the homophase polarization.1382), but its underintegration and Hu Yongming etc. have proposed to utilize accelerometer (Chinese laser, 2005,32 (10): of polarization maintaining optical fibre.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of great temperature stability that has, interference signal is stable, the integrated fibre optic accelerometer based on Mach and Zehnder interferometer.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
Comprise light source, single core polarization maintaining optical fibre, sensing probe, twin-core polarization maintaining optical fibre, and detector; The two ends of twin-core polarization maintaining optical fibre are of coupled connections by polarization-maintaining fiber coupler and single core polarization maintaining optical fibre respectively; The light that light source sends utilizes the coupling of polarization maintaining optical fibre 1 * 2 coupling mechanism to be coupled into two fibre cores of twin-core polarization maintaining optical fibre respectively through single core polarization maintaining optical fibre, enters the Mach and Zehnder interferometer sensing probe that are made of the twin-core polarization maintaining optical fibre then; Two arm light of sensing probe are interfered at polarization maintaining optical fibre 2 * 1 coupling mechanism places, and the signal after the interference is converted to the laggard line data of electric signal by the detector reception and handles behind single core polarization maintaining optical fibre; Described polarization-maintaining fiber coupler is coupled to form by single core polarization maintaining optical fibre and twin-core polarization maintaining optical fibre; Described optical fiber sensing probe is to be the sensing probe that Mach-Zehnder interferometer that the molten embedded core type twin-core polarization maintaining fiber of airport constitutes constitutes by the center.
The present invention can also comprise:
1, described sensing probe comprises the mass of fixedlying connected with the twin-core polarization maintaining optical fibre, with the rigidly connected sensing head external shell of twin-core polarization maintaining optical fibre.
2, described sensing head external shell is cylindric, and two ends cylindraceous and twin-core polarization maintaining optical fibre are rigidly connected.
3, described sensing head external shell is a sheet, and the twin-core polarization maintaining optical fibre at mass two ends is rigidly connected by anchor clamps and sheet external shell respectively.
4, described molten embedded core type twin-core polarization maintaining fiber is that each guarantor's core shift all is that single mode is protected inclined to one side fibre core, and fibre core is circular or oval fibre core, and two fibre core polarization principal axis directions are identical.
5, described molten embedded core type twin-core polarization maintaining fiber material can be quartzy, plastics or polymkeric substance.
6, described polarization-maintaining fiber coupler by single core polarization maintaining optical fibre and and the twin-core polarization maintaining optical fibre be coupled to form, be meant that single core polarization maintaining optical fibre and twin-core polarization maintaining optical fibre utilize Polarization Maintaining Optical Fiber Fusion Splicer directly to dock the polarization-maintaining fiber coupler that fusion constitutes; Or draw the awl machine to add hot-drawn at two optical fiber solder joint places to the optical fiber utilization after the welding and bore, form the polarization-maintaining fiber coupler that the toriconical structure constitutes at the solder joint place.
The present invention is in order to solve when making full optical fiber acceleration instrument, because the technological difficulties such as decay of the polarization state of the full optical fiber interferometer that the single-mode fiber polarization causes, improve simultaneously for the stability that solves sensor and cost between contradiction, proposed a kind of based on Mach---the fibre optic accelerometer of Zehnder interferometer.
Advantage of the present invention is: utilize twin-core Mach 1.---the Zehnder interferometer structure has realized acceleration analysis, helps the sensor miniaturization, and is integrated.2. utilize polarization maintaining optical fibre to constitute that Mach---Zehnder interferometer can solve the stability problem that traditional acceierometer sensor causes because of the polarization state random variation.3. Mach---Ze De is a kind of transmission-type interference structure, does not have back light to influence the problem of light source works, and has the advantage of two-way complementary signal output.4. interfere the optical path difference of arms very little owing to two that are in the twin-core fiber, thus less demanding to the coherence of light source.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 the present invention is based on the Mach and the fibre optic accelerometer structural drawing of Zehnder interferometer;
Fig. 2 is for the present invention is based on molten embedded core type twin-core polarization maintaining fiber sectional view;
Fig. 3 is a fibre optic accelerometer sensing probe inner structure of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the equal sensing probe inner structure in the housing externally of twin-core fiber of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is a sheet encapsulating structure sensing probe of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a simple beam structure sensing probe of the present invention.
Embodiment
For example the present invention is done description in more detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
Fig. 2 is for the present invention is based on molten embedded core type twin-core polarization maintaining fiber sectional view; Two fibre cores 8 have identical polarization principal axis direction, and fiber optic hub is the inwall that is embedded in covering 9 of 10, two fibre core 8 symmetries of airport, each fibre core 8 part in covering and fraction in airport 10.
Embodiment one:
Fig. 1 is for the present invention is based on Mach---the fibre optic accelerometer system construction drawing of Zehnder interferometer, the light that light source 1 sends is through single core polarization-maintaining single-mode fiber 2, utilize 3 couplings of polarization maintaining optical fibre 1 * 2 coupling mechanism to be coupled into two fibre cores of molten embedded core type twin-core polarization maintaining fiber 4 respectively, enter Mach---the Zehnder interferometer sensing head that constitutes by the twin-core polarization maintaining optical fibre then.Sensing probe 5 is to be connected and fixed by epoxy resin and twin-core fiber 4 by a mass 11, mass 11 is used for the variation of the extraneous acceleration of perception, the sensing probe (Fig. 3) that twin-core fiber 4 and sensing head external shell 12 are rigidly connected and constitute, or the twin-core fiber at mass 11 two ends rigidly fixes formation sheet encapsulating structure (Fig. 4) respectively with anchor clamps 13.Two arm light are interfered at polarization maintaining optical fibre 2 * 1 coupling mechanisms 6 places, and the signal after the interference is accepted to be converted to the laggard line data of electric signal by detector 7 and handled behind polarization maintaining optical fibre 2, and then measures extraneous acceleration.
Wherein polarization maintaining optical fibre 1 * 2 and 2 * 1 coupling mechanisms 36, be to adopt the fused biconical taper method to make, single core polarization maintaining optical fibre 2 utilizes Polarization Maintaining Optical Fiber Fusion Splicer to dock fusion with twin-core polarization maintaining optical fibre 4, the polarization principal axis direction of single-core fiber 2 and twin-core fiber 4 is identical during butt joint, utilization draws the optical fiber after the awl machine will fuse to add the hot-drawn awl at the solder joint place, forms the toriconical optical taper at the solder joint place and constitutes fiber coupler 36;
Embodiment two:
Influence twin-core fiber for reducing extraneous perturbation, can be with Mach---Zehnder interferometer integral body places the external shell body cavity.Specifically describe as follows: the optical fiber acceleration meter systems is by light source 1, single core polarization maintaining optical fibre 2, and polarization maintaining optical fibre 1 * 2 coupling mechanism 3, sensing probe 5, twin-core polarization maintaining optical fibre 4, polarization maintaining optical fibre 2 * 1 coupling mechanisms 6, detector 7 connects to form successively.1 * 2 coupling mechanism 3 and 2 * 1 coupling mechanisms 6 are that single-core fiber and twin-core fiber utilize Polarization Maintaining Optical Fiber Fusion Splicer directly to dock fusion formation, and twin-core fiber center airport subsides during because of welding, and two fibre core contacts side surfaces then can constitute polarization-maintaining fiber coupler.Sensing head 5 by the twin-core polarization maintaining optical fibre constitute Mach---Zehnder interferometer is formed; mass 11 is connected and fixed by epoxy resin and twin-core fiber 4; the polarization-maintaining fiber coupler 14 that protects is rigidly connected with sensing head external shell 12; the sensing probe (Fig. 5) that constitutes, Mach---Zehnder interferometer integral body places the external shell body cavity at this moment.This accelerometer has the high advantage of stability.
Embodiment three:
The optical fiber acceleration meter systems is by light source 1, single core polarization maintaining optical fibre 2, and polarization maintaining optical fibre 1 * 2 coupling mechanism 3, sensing probe 5, twin-core polarization maintaining optical fibre 4, polarization maintaining optical fibre 2 * 1 coupling mechanisms 6, detector 7 connects to form successively.1 * 2 coupling mechanism 3 and 2 * 1 coupling mechanisms 6 are that single-core fiber and twin-core fiber utilize Polarization Maintaining Optical Fiber Fusion Splicer directly to dock fusion formation, twin-core fiber center airport subsides during because of welding, two fibre core contacts side surfaces then can constitute polarization-maintaining fiber coupler, need after the fusion to encapsulate.Sensing head 5 by the twin-core polarization maintaining optical fibre constitute Mach---Zehnder interferometer is formed, the single-core fiber 2 and the sensing head external shell 12 at interferometer two ends are rigidly connected, mass 11 is connected and fixed by epoxy resin and twin-core fiber 4, place, twin-core fiber two ends sets up two fulcrum 15 fixed fibers in housing, constitutes the sensing probe (Fig. 6) of simple beam structure.Mach---Zehnder interferometer integral body places the external shell body cavity, has very high stability at this moment.
Claims (7)
1. the fibre optic accelerometer based on Mach and Zehnder interferometer comprises light source, single core polarization maintaining optical fibre, sensing probe, twin-core polarization maintaining optical fibre, and detector; It is characterized in that: the two ends of twin-core polarization maintaining optical fibre are of coupled connections by polarization-maintaining fiber coupler and single core polarization maintaining optical fibre respectively; The light that light source sends utilizes the coupling of polarization maintaining optical fibre 1 * 2 coupling mechanism to be coupled into two fibre cores of twin-core polarization maintaining optical fibre respectively through single core polarization maintaining optical fibre, enters the Mach and Zehnder interferometer sensing probe that are made of the twin-core polarization maintaining optical fibre then; Two arm light of sensing probe are interfered at polarization maintaining optical fibre 2 * 1 coupling mechanism places, and the signal after the interference is converted to the laggard line data of electric signal by the detector reception and handles behind single core polarization maintaining optical fibre; Described polarization-maintaining fiber coupler is coupled to form by single core polarization maintaining optical fibre and twin-core polarization maintaining optical fibre; Described optical fiber sensing probe is to be the sensing probe that Mach-Zehnder interferometer that the molten embedded core type twin-core polarization maintaining fiber of airport constitutes constitutes by the center.
2. the fibre optic accelerometer based on Mach and Zehnder interferometer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described sensing probe comprises the mass of fixedlying connected with the twin-core polarization maintaining optical fibre, with the rigidly connected sensing head external shell of twin-core polarization maintaining optical fibre.
3. the fibre optic accelerometer based on Mach and Zehnder interferometer according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described molten embedded core type twin-core polarization maintaining fiber is that each guarantor's core shift all is that single mode is protected inclined to one side fibre core, fibre core is circular or oval fibre core, and two fibre core polarization principal axis directions are identical.
4. the fibre optic accelerometer based on Mach and Zehnder interferometer according to claim 3 is characterized in that: described molten embedded core type twin-core polarization maintaining fiber material can be quartzy, plastics or polymkeric substance.
5. the fibre optic accelerometer based on Mach and Zehnder interferometer according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described polarization-maintaining fiber coupler is coupled to form by single core polarization maintaining optical fibre with the twin-core polarization maintaining optical fibre, is meant that single core polarization maintaining optical fibre and twin-core polarization maintaining optical fibre utilize Polarization Maintaining Optical Fiber Fusion Splicer directly to dock the polarization-maintaining fiber coupler that fusion constitutes; Or draw the awl machine to add hot-drawn at two optical fiber solder joint places to the optical fiber utilization after the welding and bore, form the polarization-maintaining fiber coupler that the toriconical structure constitutes at the solder joint place.
6. the fibre optic accelerometer based on Mach and Zehnder interferometer according to claim 5 is characterized in that: described sensing head external shell is cylindric, and two ends cylindraceous and twin-core polarization maintaining optical fibre are rigidly connected.
7. the fibre optic accelerometer based on Mach and Zehnder interferometer according to claim 5 is characterized in that: described sensing head external shell is a sheet, and the twin-core polarization maintaining optical fibre at mass two ends is rigidly connected by anchor clamps and sheet external shell respectively.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 201010173095 CN101923102B (en) | 2010-05-17 | 2010-05-17 | Fiber accelerometer based on Mach-Zehnder interferometer |
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| CN 201010173095 CN101923102B (en) | 2010-05-17 | 2010-05-17 | Fiber accelerometer based on Mach-Zehnder interferometer |
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| CN101923102A true CN101923102A (en) | 2010-12-22 |
| CN101923102B CN101923102B (en) | 2013-06-05 |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102062902A (en) * | 2010-12-24 | 2011-05-18 | 华南师范大学 | Mach-Zehnder interferometer based tunable flat-top multi-channel optical fiber filter |
| CN102721827A (en) * | 2012-05-29 | 2012-10-10 | 北京航空航天大学 | Optical fiber accelerometer |
| CN107702735A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-02-16 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Modulated fiber type based on electrocaloric effect integrates Mach Zehnder interferometers |
| CN107727123A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-02-23 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Modulated fiber type based on electrocaloric effect integrates Michelson interferometers |
| CN111121837A (en) * | 2019-12-28 | 2020-05-08 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Dual-core optical fiber Mach-Zehnder interferometer based on orthogonal tilted grating |
| CN112747778A (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2021-05-04 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Adjustable Mach-Zehnder interferometer based on thermo-optic effect |
| CN115219023A (en) * | 2022-07-18 | 2022-10-21 | 济南大学 | Pendulum type optical pressure measuring device and method based on double-core optical fiber interferometer |
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Patent Citations (6)
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102062902A (en) * | 2010-12-24 | 2011-05-18 | 华南师范大学 | Mach-Zehnder interferometer based tunable flat-top multi-channel optical fiber filter |
| CN102721827A (en) * | 2012-05-29 | 2012-10-10 | 北京航空航天大学 | Optical fiber accelerometer |
| CN107702735A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-02-16 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Modulated fiber type based on electrocaloric effect integrates Mach Zehnder interferometers |
| CN107727123A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-02-23 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Modulated fiber type based on electrocaloric effect integrates Michelson interferometers |
| CN112747778A (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2021-05-04 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Adjustable Mach-Zehnder interferometer based on thermo-optic effect |
| CN111121837A (en) * | 2019-12-28 | 2020-05-08 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Dual-core optical fiber Mach-Zehnder interferometer based on orthogonal tilted grating |
| CN115219023A (en) * | 2022-07-18 | 2022-10-21 | 济南大学 | Pendulum type optical pressure measuring device and method based on double-core optical fiber interferometer |
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