CN101923022B - Hand-held device and method for measuring lodging-resistant strength of crop - Google Patents
Hand-held device and method for measuring lodging-resistant strength of crop Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of measurement and discloses a hand-held device for measuring the lodging-resistant strength of a crop, comprising a clamping unit and a shell, wherein the clamping unit is provided with an adjustable opening used for clamping a crop stalk to be measured; the shell is connected with the clamping unit and comprises a measuring unit, the measuring unit comprises a cantilever beam sensor, an inclination angle sensor, a processing unit and a display unit, wherein the cantilever beam sensor is fixed with the clamping unit and is used for measuring the value of a thrust transmitted by the clamping unit and applied to the stalk to be measured in real time, converting the value of the thrust to electric signals and transmitting the electric signals; the inclination angle sensor is horizontally fixed at the bottom of the shell and is used for measuring the inclination angle value of the shell relative to the horizontal plane in real time, converting the inclination angle value to the electric signals and transmitting the electric signals; the processing unit is used for receiving the electric signal transmitted by the measuring unit in real time and converting the electric signals to the corresponding measurement values, storing the required measurement value according to the measuring target set by a user and outputting the required measurement value; and the display unit is used for displaying information outputted by the processing unit. By adopting an undamaged measurement method, the device can be widely applied to breeding processes or crop producing management.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of measuring technique, particularly a kind of method of measuring the device of crop intensity resistant to lodging and using this device to measure.
Background technology
Lodging is a kind of phenomenon of plants stems stalk from natural erectility to permanent dislocation that is caused by extraneous factor, and in crop production, particularly ubiquity in cereal crops has become one of key constraints of stable high yield.In all kinds of researchs and standard, multiple division to the lodging degree is arranged.Country's rice lodging property standard is divided into: straight, tiltedly, fall, the volt level Four, wherein, straight: the stem stalk is uprightly or upright basically; Tiltedly: stem stalk pitch angle is less than 45 degree; Fall: stem stalk pitch angle is greater than 45 degree; Volt: the stem fringe fits perfectly in ground fully.Zhang Zhongxu etc. propose in " relation of lodging resistance in rice ability and stem stalk physical behavior and to the influence of output ": represent the lodging ability of paddy rice with the maturity stage angle that tilts of plant, and be divided into according to big young pathbreaker's lodging degree at plant pitch angle: the pitch angle is 3 ranks of erect type or the type that the obliquity and 61～90 of lodging type, 46～60 degree of 40～45 degree is spent.Sun Shoujun etc. lodge corn stem according to being divided into 0～4 five grade with the ground corner dimension in " anti-morphological feature of Chinese sorghum and dissection structural research "; And measure the stem stalk is pulled to ground in the maturity stage and be required power of miter angle and spring back angle, as the reference parameter of lodging grading.The method of passing through physical method measurement stem stalk intensity resistant to lodging relatively more commonly used comprises: stem stalk applied thrust is made its crooked same angle, need the big more stem stalk of thrust usually, its lodging tolerance is strong more; Perhaps on force measuring machine, break the stem stalk, the required critical force that applies is big more when breaking, and intensity resistant to lodging is high more.The device or the method for multiple mensuration crop stem intensity resistant to lodging are disclosed at present.
The product aspect, using is the strong analyzer of stalk (DIK-7400) that Japan produces more widely, it adopts the mechanical type weight beam; Cooperate stem stalk clamping device; Clamp the privileged site of stem stalk through clamping device, and promote the stem stalk and make it be bent to certain angle, measure the thrust size; Adopt above-mentioned identical mode to measure to different stem stalks thus, to the specific thrust result; The stem stalk that required thrust is big more, its lodging tolerance is strong more; But because this device adopts is the mechanical type weight beam, and the registration of this dynamometer is swum pin and in moving process, had friction force, causes measuring error bigger, and its each measurement data all can not preserve automatically, needs manual record.Homemade micro computer strength of stem analyzer YYD-1 adopts pull pressure sensor, and the crop stem that lies on the testing jig is exerted pressure until it is broken, and needed critical force is big more when breaking, and the lodging tolerance of stem stalk is strong more; But there is limitation in the application of this instrument, and it need could implement corresponding test behind the crop harvesting crop being lain on the special stand, can't directly implement in the field to measure.
The patent aspect; The patent No. is that 200620135139.8 the utility model " a kind of rape strength of stem measurement mechanism " and the patent No. are that 200620135138.3 utility model " a kind of corn stem strength meter " discloses same measuring method; The straw stiffness that is respectively applied for rape and corn is measured; Convert the power on the stem stalk of being applied to into corresponding electric signal and be input in the single-chip microcomputer through pressure transducer, single-chip microcomputer is presented at the maximum pressure that the stem stalk that gets access to is born on the display with digital form under the ultimate limit state that fractures; These two kinds of measurement mechanisms all belong to field live body plants stems stalk measuring lodging-resistant strength device, yet used power can be destroyed the normal growth state of stem stalk when it implemented to fracture to the stem stalk, possibly cause artificial stem stalk lodging.
The part document also discloses the measuring lodging-resistant strength instrument.For example: the Jia Zhi of academy of agricultural sciences, Shanxi Province corn research institute is gloomy to wait people (1992) to use spring balance, protractor etc., measures the individual plant corn by 1/5th places move the pulling force when becoming miter angle with ground to from the face of land, as the index of intensity resistant to lodging; This metering system can not cause damage to the stem stalk, but need obtain the angle of inclination of stem stalk through protractor; The use of protractor relates to artificial reading, has very big artificial measuring error.
The stem stalk lodging angle that existing disclosed all instrument or method all can not be stored measurement automatically in addition, does not possess the function of storage detecting information, for example the test duration, measures kind, location block number or geographical location information etc.
Summary of the invention
The technical matters that (one) will solve
The technical matters that the present invention will solve is defectives such as overcoming the destruction stem stalk growth conditions that exists in the existing crop stem measuring lodging-resistant strength technology, can't store data such as lodging angle when measuring automatically, measuring error is big, display message is not comprehensive.
(2) technical scheme
Technical scheme of the present invention discloses a kind of hand-held measuring lodging-resistant strength of crop device, comprising:
Hold the unit, have the adjustable opening that is used for the selected position of clamping crop stem to be measured; And,
With the housing that said grip unit is fixedly connected, said housing comprises:
Measuring unit comprises: mechanics sensor, fix with said grip unit, and measure the suffered thrust magnitude of said crop stem to be measured in real time and be converted into electric signal and send; Angular transducer, horizontal fixed are measured the angle of inclination value of crop to be measured in real time and are converted into electric signal and send in said housing bottom;
Processing unit is packaged in the said housing, receives the said electric signal of said measuring unit transmission in real time and is translated into corresponding measured value; The required measured value of measurement target storage according to the user is provided with is also exported; According to said required measured value,, generate intensity index value resistant to lodging and output based on the intensity decision model resistant to lodging that presets;
Display unit is arranged at said surface of shell, is used to show the information of said processing unit output.
Preferably, said mechanics sensor is a cantilever beam sensor, and said angular transducer is an obliquity sensor.
Preferably, said device also comprises:
Input block is arranged at said apparatus surface, supplies the user to import the label information and/or the measurement target in the affiliated plot of crop to be measured; Said measurement target comprises: the angle of inclination value under set thrust range or the specific thrust magnitude, the thrust magnitude under set range of tilt angles or the certain tilt angle.
Preferably, said device also comprises:
Tip element is connected with said measuring unit with said input block, when detecting thrust magnitude that said measuring unit measures and conform to the said measurement target that is used to import with the angle of inclination value, sends to characterize and measures the cue that finishes.
Preferably, said device also comprises: the GPS unit is used to obtain the geographical location information of crop to be measured.
Preferably, said device also comprises: transmission unit, comprise USB subelement and/or GPRS subelement, and be used for the information of said processing unit output is offered appointment reception object.
Wherein, said grip unit comprises: have the interval therebetween to form the left and right pawl and the setting nut of opening, the size of said opening changes through moving said left and right pawl along said setting nut.
The invention also discloses above-mentioned hand-held measuring lodging-resistant strength of crop device and carry out the method for ionization meter, may further comprise the steps:
S1: the setting measurement target comprises: the angle of inclination value under set thrust range or the specific thrust magnitude, the thrust magnitude under set range of tilt angles or the certain tilt angle;
S2:, and control said grip unit and make it at the uniform velocity promote said cane perpendicular to said stem stalk through the opening clamping crop stem to be measured of grip unit;
S3: obtain the suffered thrust magnitude of said crop cane to be measured and the angle of inclination value of said crop cane to be measured in real time through mechanics sensor and angular transducer, be translated into electric signal and transmission;
S4: said electric signal is reduced to corresponding measured value, judges whether said measured value conforms to said measurement target, if get into S5; If not, return S2;
S5: store and/or show required measured value; According to said required measured value,, generate intensity index value resistant to lodging and demonstration based on the intensity decision model resistant to lodging that presets.
Preferably, said step S1 also comprises: obtain crop geographical location information to be measured and/or affiliated plot number information, and/or the input measurement time.
Wherein, the said intensity decision model resistant to lodging that presets is the funtcional relationship between the degree resistant to lodging set up through simulated experiment and the suffered external force of stem stalk, the angle that lodges.
(3) beneficial effect
1, device of the present invention uses the variation of obliquity sensor through the angle of the relative horizontal level of sensing device self when measuring the angle of inclination, and the variation that this variation converts electric signal into is sent; Obliquity sensor does not have the moving machinery parts, is fit to very much to be applied in the device that hand-held takes measurement of an angle;
When 2, live body plants stems stalk is measured in the field; Adopt obliquity sensor and cantilever beam sensor, obtain the angle of inclination of stem stalk under different stressing conditions, different angle of inclination under the perhaps same purpose power; And can combine intensity decision-making module resistant to lodging, draw intensity index resistant to lodging.Through control thrust size, under the situation of not damaging the stem stalk, obtain required stem stalk quantification of intensities resistant to lodging or measurement result qualitatively;
3, adopt the GPS module to obtain the geography information of tested stem stalk position, improve the late time data analysis efficiency.
4, combine the GPRS function, make things convenient for the transmission of teledata.
5, can adopt multiple form to preserve the various data messages of tested stem stalk and be uploaded to computing machine, make things convenient for the user to adopt computer software that population data is carried out statistical study fast and handle.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structured flowchart of hand-held measuring lodging-resistant strength of crop device of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the front view of a specific embodiment of hand-held measuring lodging-resistant strength of crop device of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, specific embodiments of the invention describes in further detail.Following examples are used to explain the object of the invention, but are not used for limiting scope of the present invention.
Be illustrated in figure 1 as the structured flowchart of hand-held measuring lodging-resistant strength of crop device of the present invention, this device mainly comprises: power module 6 is whole device power supply through power supply chip 4; Sensor assembly 3 comprises force transducer and angular transducer, measures thrust size F and cane with respect to the horizontal plane the tilt angle alpha under this thrust F effect that puts on crop cane to be measured by the grip unit (not shown), and is converted into electric signal and exports; GPS module 5 is used for crop to be measured is positioned and obtain its geographical location information, comprises through, latitude value; Load module, can for input keyboard 7 maybe can realization information any other device of input, be used to supply the user to import the measurement target and the Measuring Time of crop attribute information to be measured, expectation, wherein; Crop attribute information to be measured comprises: the number information in plot under the crop to be measured, the kind of crop to be measured; Measurement target comprises: measure the angle of inclination value under set thrust range or the specific thrust magnitude, measure the thrust magnitude under set range of tilt angles or the certain tilt angle; Core processing module 1 receives and stores the information from sensor assembly 3, GPS module 5 and input keyboard 7; Specifically, the electric signal through multi-channel data acquisition circuit 2 receiving sensor modules 3 are sent is reduced to corresponding measured value through core processor 10 with electric signal; Simultaneously the measurement target of this measured value and user's setting is compared, judge whether to reach measurement target, if; Then judge to measure and finish, through storage chip 8 storage correlation measure, or; According to said correlation measure; Intensity decision model resistant to lodging based on presetting generates intensity index value resistant to lodging, through storage chip 8 storage index of correlation values; This storage chip 8 also store the latitude and longitude value that receives, crop varieties information, Measuring Time etc. other with measure relevant data; Above-mentioned stored data can be exported to display module 11 and show, or offer computing machine or long-range receiving trap through USB port 12 and radio frequency chip 9 with transmission of usb data line or GPRS Wireless transmission mode.In addition, this device also comprises reminding module, when when measured value conforms to measurement target, (reaching predetermined thrust magnitude or inclination angle value), sends cue, reminds the user to stop to measure.
This intensity decision model resistant to lodging can be obtained through following mode: select representational crops stem stalk in advance, utilize mechanics sensor and angular transducer mensuration to act on thrust F and corresponding angle of inclination value α on the stem stalk; Utilize tests such as wind-tunnel again; The wind speed of varying strength is to the influence of the lodging degree of stem stalk under the simulating natural condition; Set up the funtcional relationship of degree resistant to lodging and the suffered external force of stem stalk, lodging angle, and intensity index=f promptly resistant to lodging (F, α); Be input in the program of core processing module 1, use as intensity decision model resistant to lodging.
Be illustrated in figure 2 as the outward appearance front view of a specific embodiment of hand-held measuring lodging-resistant strength of crop device of the present invention, by knowing that this device comprises grip unit 14 and the housing 13 that is fixedly connected with this grip unit 14 among the figure.Wherein, grip unit 14 has sizable opening, through the selected position of this opening clamping crop cane to be measured, and based on this position enforcement thrust; Specifically, grip unit 14 is divided into left pawl 16 and right pawl 15, and this left and right pawl can move along an adjustable nut 17, through controlling the position change openings of sizes of two pawls, so that wale the crop stem of different-diameter; The mechanics sensor (not shown) is preferably cantilever beam sensor, is fixed on housing 13 interior forward end, and an end of this sensor and grip unit 14 are fixing to receive the thrust of its transmission, the electric signal after the other end output conversion; The angular transducer (not shown) is preferably obliquity sensor, and horizontal fixed is in housing 13 bottoms, and it need not the moving machinery parts just can be converted into electric signal and output with the change of installing angle between (housing) and the surface level in the measuring process; Need to prove that the housing parts of this hand-held device is the size of angle and the angle approximately equal of tested stem stalk off-vertical position when measuring and between the surface level, can regard stem stalk angle of inclination as; The miscellaneous part that is packaged in the housing 13 comprises: core processing module 1 (not shown), can adopt P1300 intelligent radio acquisition module, and the core processor of this acquisition module is supported JAVA or C Programming with Pascal Language, can carry out processing such as high-speed data computing; Radio frequency chip 9 (not shown) are supported the GPRS wireless telecommunications; Multi-channel data acquisition circuit 2 (not shown) can receive the data of multiple sensor module; Memory circuit is supported storage chip 8 (not shown) in addition, can carry out the mass data access data; The display circuit (not shown) supports liquid crystal display to show; Keyboard input circuit (not shown) is supported the input control of external keyboard; And GPS module 5; In addition, surface of shell also is provided with LCDs 11 and input keyboard 7.
Through embodiment the method for using hand-held measuring lodging-resistant strength of crop device of the present invention to carry out the strength of stem measurement is elaborated below, so that principle of the present invention and advantage are clearer.
Embodiment one
At first through the GPS module to being positioned by the measuring plants position, the record latitude and longitude information perhaps, is imported tested stem stalk location block number information; Setting measurement target then for example, is obtained stem stalk inclination angle 40 required thrust magnitude when spending, and perhaps obtains the angle that the stem stalk tilts under the thrust of 1N; Use clamping device to clamp tested plant then, at the uniform velocity promote with approximate perpendicular to the plants stems stalk, to reduce the error that accelerated motion causes thrust; When arriving predetermined angle value (40 degree) or thrust magnitude (1N); Device sends chimes of doom; Eject the warning interface; The user is reminded, finish this test, show information such as power, angle value, the time of this time test, tested stem stalk kind, latitude and longitude value or ground block number through LCDs and store; The data of storage can be transferred to computing machine through USB port, or use the GPRS mode to carry out remote transmission, and the user can use data processing software, to population data quantitatively contrast, analyzing and processing.
Embodiment two
At first through the GPS module to being positioned by the measuring plants position, the record latitude and longitude information perhaps, is imported tested stem stalk location block number information; Setting measurement target then, for example, the scope of obtaining of angle is 0～40 degree, and when stem stalk every crooked 0.5 is spent, writes down corresponding thrust size; Then, use clamping device to clamp tested plant, at the uniform velocity promote with approximate perpendicular to the plants stems stalk, to reduce the error that accelerated motion causes thrust; When arriving the predetermined angle value, device is reminded the user, finishes this test; In the data substitution strength model resistant to lodging with the angle of measuring acquisition and power, draw intensity index resistant to lodging; Show information such as the time of index resistant to lodging, this time test, tested stem stalk kind, latitude and longitude value or ground block number through LCDs and store; The data of storage can be transferred to computing machine through USB port, perhaps use the GPRS mode to carry out remote transmission, and at computer terminal, the user can use data processing software, population data is carried out qualitative analysis handle.
In sum, device of the present invention adopts mechanics and angular transducer based on the embedded hardware platform, obtains stem stalk angle of inclination and the size that applies acting force quickly and accurately; Use the GPS module accurately to obtain stem stalk geographic position; Use keyboard to import the measurement data information such as kind, location block number and test duration of tested stem stalk; Store corresponding measurement data such as the angle that obtains, power as quantification of intensities measurement result resistant to lodging and show; Perhaps obtain intensity index resistant to lodging, store as intensity observational measurement result resistant to lodging with corresponding measurement data and show through strength model resistant to lodging in the program; The data of storage can use USB port to be transferred on the computing machine, perhaps use the GPRS mode, carry out remote data transmission; The user carries out statistical study through computing machine to the colony's measurement data that obtains and handles; Simultaneously, adopted non-invasive measuring method, can be widely used in the management of breeding process or crop production.
Above embodiment only is used to explain the present invention; And be not limitation of the present invention; The those of ordinary skill in relevant technologies field under the situation that does not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention, can also be made various variations and modification; Therefore all technical schemes that are equal to also belong to category of the present invention, and scope of patent protection of the present invention should be defined by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. a hand-held measuring lodging-resistant strength of crop device is characterized in that, comprising:
Grip unit has the adjustable opening that is used for the selected position of clamping crop stem to be measured; And,
With the housing that said grip unit is fixedly connected, said housing comprises:
Measuring unit comprises: mechanics sensor, fix with said grip unit, and measure the suffered thrust magnitude of said crop stem to be measured in real time and be converted into electric signal and send; Angular transducer, horizontal fixed are measured the angle of inclination value of crop to be measured in real time and are converted into electric signal and send in said housing bottom;
Processing unit is packaged in the said housing, receives the said electric signal of said measuring unit transmission in real time and is translated into corresponding measured value; The required measured value of measurement target storage according to the user is provided with is also exported; According to said required measured value,, generate intensity index value resistant to lodging and output based on the intensity decision model resistant to lodging that presets;
Display unit is arranged at said surface of shell, is used to show the information of said processing unit output.
2. hand-held measuring lodging-resistant strength of crop device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that said mechanics sensor is a cantilever beam sensor, and said angular transducer is an obliquity sensor.
3. hand-held measuring lodging-resistant strength of crop device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that said device also comprises:
Input block is arranged at said apparatus surface, supplies the user to import the label information and/or the measurement target in the affiliated plot of crop to be measured; Said measurement target comprises: the angle of inclination value under set thrust range or the specific thrust magnitude, the thrust magnitude under set range of tilt angles or the certain tilt angle.
4. hand-held measuring lodging-resistant strength of crop device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that said device also comprises:
Tip element is connected with said measuring unit with said input block, when detecting thrust magnitude that said measuring unit measures and conform to the said measurement target of user's input with the angle of inclination value, sends to characterize and measures the cue that finishes.
5. hand-held measuring lodging-resistant strength of crop device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that said device also comprises: the GPS unit is used to obtain the geographical location information of crop to be measured.
6. hand-held measuring lodging-resistant strength of crop device as claimed in claim 1; It is characterized in that; Said device also comprises: transmission unit, comprise USB subelement and/or GPRS subelement, and be used for the information of said processing unit output is offered appointment reception object.
7. hand-held measuring lodging-resistant strength of crop device as claimed in claim 1; It is characterized in that; Said grip unit comprises: have the interval therebetween to form the left and right pawl and the setting nut of opening, the size of said opening changes through moving said left and right pawl along said setting nut.
8. the method for any described measurement device crop intensity resistant to lodging among use such as the claim 1-6 may further comprise the steps:
S1: the setting measurement target comprises: the angle of inclination value under set thrust range or the specific thrust magnitude, the thrust magnitude under set range of tilt angles or the certain tilt angle;
S2:, and control said grip unit and make it at the uniform velocity promote said cane perpendicular to said stem stalk through the opening clamping crop stem to be measured of grip unit;
S3: obtain the suffered thrust magnitude of said crop cane to be measured and the angle of inclination value of said crop cane to be measured in real time through mechanics sensor and angular transducer, be translated into electric signal and transmission;
S4: said electric signal is reduced to corresponding measured value, judges whether said measured value conforms to said measurement target, if get into S5; If not, return S2;
S5: store and/or show required measured value; According to said required measured value,, generate intensity index value resistant to lodging and demonstration based on the intensity decision model resistant to lodging that presets.
9. method as claimed in claim 8, wherein, said step S1 also comprises: obtain crop geographical location information to be measured and/or affiliated plot number information, and/or the input measurement time.
10. method as claimed in claim 8, wherein, the said intensity decision model resistant to lodging that presets is the funtcional relationship between the degree resistant to lodging set up through simulated experiment and the suffered external force of stem stalk, the angle that lodges.
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| CN102620987B (en) * | 2012-03-14 | 2014-01-15 | 安徽农业大学 | Clamp for crop stem bending test |
| CN103206911B (en) * | 2013-01-15 | 2015-07-22 | 四川农业大学 | Stalk deflection measuring device |
| CN103217336B (en) * | 2013-03-11 | 2016-07-06 | 北京农业信息技术研究中心 | The crop stem strength meter of one kind of groups plantation and application thereof |
| CN103822829A (en) * | 2014-03-03 | 2014-05-28 | 河南农业大学 | Crop stalk lodging resistance measurement method and device |
| CN104198268A (en) * | 2014-08-11 | 2014-12-10 | 北京农业信息技术研究中心 | Crop lodging-resistant test system and method utilizing same |
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| CN104656516A (en) * | 2015-01-22 | 2015-05-27 | 中国农业大学 | Distributed corn test data acquisition system |
| CN104729931B8 (en) * | 2015-04-15 | 2018-09-04 | 杨双源 | A kind of corn stem force tester resistant to lodging |
| CN106768560B (en) * | 2017-01-18 | 2019-04-19 | 三峡大学 | A kind of device of the radial pressure of simulation rock crack and measurement root system in crack |
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| CN108169138B (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2020-10-30 | 扬州大学 | Rice lodging monitoring method utilizing thermal infrared image |
| CN108037013B (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2023-12-22 | 中国农业大学 | Portable crop stalk strength measuring device and method |
| CN108169021A (en) * | 2018-01-26 | 2018-06-15 | 内蒙古农业大学 | The flexible assay method of shrub plant |
| CN109099866B (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2019-11-15 | 华南农业大学 | A kind of inclined plant amount identification device of tactilely-perceptible rice strain |
| CN111238960B (en) * | 2020-03-24 | 2022-09-20 | 河南问道光电科技有限公司 | Acupuncture type corn stalk lodging strength rapid measuring instrument convenient to operate |
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