CN108037013B - Portable crop stalk strength measuring device and method - Google Patents

Portable crop stalk strength measuring device and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108037013B
CN108037013B CN201711477163.9A CN201711477163A CN108037013B CN 108037013 B CN108037013 B CN 108037013B CN 201711477163 A CN201711477163 A CN 201711477163A CN 108037013 B CN108037013 B CN 108037013B
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stalks
crop
measuring
module
sensor
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CN108037013A (en
Inventor
张东兴
卞晓慧
杨丽
崔涛
张天亮
荆慧荣
丁友强
刘彦伟
樊晨龙
钟翔君
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China Agricultural University
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China Agricultural University
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/08Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/02Details
    • G01N3/04Chucks
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0014Type of force applied
    • G01N2203/0016Tensile or compressive
    • G01N2203/0019Compressive
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/025Geometry of the test
    • G01N2203/0258Non axial, i.e. the forces not being applied along an axis of symmetry of the specimen
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/026Specifications of the specimen
    • G01N2203/0262Shape of the specimen
    • G01N2203/0266Cylindrical specimens
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/04Chucks, fixtures, jaws, holders or anvils
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/06Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
    • G01N2203/067Parameter measured for estimating the property
    • G01N2203/0676Force, weight, load, energy, speed or acceleration
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/06Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
    • G01N2203/067Parameter measured for estimating the property
    • G01N2203/0682Spatial dimension, e.g. length, area, angle
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture

Abstract

A portable crop stalk strength measuring device and method, the device includes: the clamping device is used for clamping the stalks of the crops to be tested; the signal acquisition module comprises a pressure sensor, two inclination angle sensors and an AD conversion module, wherein the first inclination angle sensor is used for measuring an included angle of the crop stalks deviating from the vertical direction under the action of thrust perpendicular to the stalks, and the second inclination angle sensor is used for measuring an included angle of the crop stalks relative to the vertical direction under the action of horizontal thrust; the AD conversion module converts the collected pressure and the two angle values into electric signals to be sent; the singlechip processing module is used for processing the received electric signals and restoring the electric signals into corresponding measured values; the liquid crystal display module displays the pressure value and the two angle values in real time; and a power module for supplying power to the whole measuring device. By using the device and the method for measuring the strength of the crop stalks, two different force application modes can be selected, and the requirements of breeders and harvest machinery researchers are met.

Description

Portable crop stalk strength measuring device and method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a device for measuring the strength of crop stalks and a use method thereof.
Background
Lodging is a phenomenon from an erect state to permanent dislocation of stalks caused by external factors, and is a common problem in crop production. According to statistics, the loss of corn caused by lodging is huge, and the yield loss of corn caused by lodging is nearly 100 ten thousand tons each year in China, and the corn lodging not only affects the yield, but also is not suitable for harvesting modern agricultural machinery.
The main factor affecting corn lodging is stalk strength. The cultivation of crops with high lodging resistance through experimental study on the strength of cornstalk becomes urgent need, and at present, domestic and foreign experts develop various instruments for measuring the lodging resistance strength of crops according to the lodging resistance characteristics of the crops, such as: the DIK-7400 stalk strength tester produced in Japan uses a mechanical spring dynamometer, clamps a specific part of the stalk through a clamping device and applies a certain thrust force to the specific part, and measures the force born by the specific part when the specific part is bent to a certain angle; at present, a plurality of universal testers are applied in a laboratory to perform various performance tests such as stretching, compression, bending, stripping, shearing and the like on various materials, but the tester is huge in size, high in required experimental environment requirement, and can not perform field experiments because stalks are cut off; the invention patent 201010237712.7 discloses a measuring device for measuring lodging resistance strength of crops by hand, which is used for measuring force applied to the stalks and inclination angle of the stalks under corresponding thrust force by a pressure sensor and an angle sensor, but the clamping unit must be kept perpendicular to the measured stalks when the device is used for measuring. The existing disclosed instruments and methods can only measure the inclination angle of the stalks under the action of the thrust force perpendicular to the crop stalks, and the measurement mode is suitable for the research of breeders on the crop lodging resistance, but cannot measure the lodging angle of the stalks under the action of the horizontal thrust force applied to the corn stalks by corn harvesting machinery researchers.
Therefore, from the actual condition of the mechanical properties of the crop stalks, the design of a portable device for measuring the strength of the corn stalks, which is suitable for different agricultural requirements, becomes a main task. The invention has wide and profound significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device capable of simply measuring the strength of crop stalks, which can push the crop stalks by adopting two different force application modes and display the force, angle and other data of the measured crop stalks in the tilting process in real time.
According to a first aspect of the present invention there is provided a portable crop stalk strength measurement device comprising:
the clamping device is used for clamping the stalks of the crops to be tested;
the signal acquisition module comprises a pressure sensor, two inclination angle sensors and an AD conversion module, wherein the first inclination angle sensor is arranged in a shell of the measuring device and is used for measuring an included angle of crop stalks deviating from the vertical direction under the action of thrust perpendicular to the stalks; the second inclination sensor is arranged outside the shell of the measuring device and is used for being fixed on the surface of the crop stalks and measuring the included angle of the crop stalks relative to the vertical direction under the action of horizontal thrust; the AD conversion module converts the collected pressure and the two angle values into electric signals to be sent;
the singlechip processing module is used for processing the received electric signals and restoring the electric signals into corresponding measured values;
the liquid crystal display module displays the pressure value and the two angle values in real time; and
and the power supply module is used for supplying power to the whole measuring device.
Preferably, the measuring device of the present invention further comprises a data processing module for post-processing the measured value. The data processing module may be a single processing software or may be a combination comprising hardware and software.
Preferably, the measuring device of the present invention may further include a bluetooth module for transmitting data with an external device. In this case, the data processing module may be an upper computer software, and the upper computer may be an external device such as a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a portable notebook computer, or the like. In a preferred embodiment, the upper computer software is developed based on an android system, and the functions of the upper computer software comprise real-time display of data, curve drawing, historical data query, adding remark information, deriving data and the like. In a preferred embodiment, the Bluetooth module is an HC-05 Bluetooth module.
In other embodiments, the data processing module is a combination of hardware and software and is integrated in the measuring device of the invention, and is directly connected with the singlechip processing module, so that the measuring device can realize real-time display of data, curve drawing, historical data query, remark information addition, data export and the like without external equipment.
Preferably, the pressure sensor is a miniature S-shaped pull pressure sensor.
Preferably, the inclination sensor is a SCA60C inclination sensor.
Preferably, the single chip microcomputer processing module comprises a central processing unit STC89C52RC.
Preferably, the liquid crystal display module is a 12864LCD liquid crystal display.
Preferably, the power module uses 3.7V18650 rechargeable lithium batteries.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of measuring the strength of a crop stalk using the above-described measuring device, comprising two measurement modes.
The first measurement method comprises the following steps:
(1) Turning on a power switch;
(2) Lightly leaning an opening of the clamping device against a measured position of the crop stalks, and pressing a start button on software of the data processing module;
(3) Push stalks slowly and always perpendicular to the stalks, at this time observe the force F on the software 1 And theta 1 Is not connected to the second inclination sensor, θ 2 Always 0;
(4) Pressing the "pause" or "end" button of the software may view, save or export the history data.
The second measurement mode comprises the following steps:
(1) Firstly, a second inclination sensor is arranged on the surface of a measured crop stalk;
(2) Turning on a power switch;
(2) Lightly leaning an opening of the clamping device against a measured position of the crop stalks, and pressing a start button on software of the data processing module;
(3) Slowly and always horizontally pushing the stalks, and displaying force F by data processing module software 1 And theta 2 In which the change relation of theta can be observed 1 Whether the value of (2) is always 0 so as to ensure that the stalks are always pushed horizontally;
(4) Pressing the "pause" or "end" button of the software may view, save or export the history data.
The two measurement modes can be optionally used for measurement in one or a combination of two modes according to actual needs.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention can measure the relation between the stress and the inclination angle of the crop stalks by adopting two different force application modes, and can meet the use requirements of different researchers. Particularly, when the second measurement mode is adopted, the intensity value of the horizontal thrust of the stalks can be obtained all the time, so that a reference is provided for the lodging angle of the stalks under the action of the horizontal thrust applied by the crop harvesting machinery researchers. Therefore, the measuring device can simultaneously meet the demands of breeding personnel and harvest machinery researchers, and has wide application prospect.
The invention has simple structure and low cost, and the cost of the materials used by each module is lower, thus being suitable for mass production. The instrument operation process is simple, the instrument clamping device clamps the stalks and pushes the stalks forward for a certain distance, and the measurement result can be obtained.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the handheld measuring device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a vertical assay of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of a level measurement according to the present invention.
Wherein the reference numerals are as follows:
1 clamping device 2 pressure sensor
3 first inclination sensor 4 second inclination sensor
5AD conversion module 6 liquid crystal display module
7 single chip microcomputer processing module 8 bluetooth module
9 upper computer software 10 power module
11 screw 12 shell
13 Power switch 14 wire
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to examples and figures.
As shown in fig. 1, the measuring device for measuring the stalk strength of crops according to the present invention mainly comprises: the clamping device 1 is used for clamping a specific position of a measured crop stalk; the information acquisition module comprises a pressure sensor 2, a first inclination angle sensor 3, a second inclination angle sensor 4 and an AD conversion module 5, and converts acquired pressure and two angle values into electric signals to be transmitted; the singlechip processing module 7 is used for processing the received electric signals and restoring the electric signals into corresponding measured values; the liquid crystal display module 6 displays the pressure value and the two angle values in real time; a power supply module 10 for supplying power to the whole measuring device; and the Bluetooth module 8 transmits the data in the singlechip processing module 7 to the upper computer software 9 in a Bluetooth mode.
In a specific case, the pressure sensor 2 is a miniature S-shaped pull pressure sensor, and the first and second inclination sensors are SCA60C inclination sensors. The singlechip processing module 7 comprises a central processing unit STC89C52RC. The liquid crystal display module 6 is 12864LCD liquid crystal display. The power module 10 uses 3.7V18650 rechargeable lithium batteries. The Bluetooth module 8 is an HC-05 Bluetooth module. The upper computer software 9 is developed based on an android system, and the functions of the upper computer software include real-time display of data, curve drawing, historical data inquiry, remark information adding, data export and the like
Fig. 2 shows a schematic view of the external structure of a hand-held measuring device according to the invention. The hand-held measuring device comprises a housing 12, the housing 12 having a grip adapted to the human hand. The clamping device 1 is fixedly connected to the front end of the housing 12 by means of screws 11. The second tilt sensor 4 is arranged outside the housing 12 by means of a wire 14. The case 12 is provided with a liquid crystal display module 6 and a power switch 13. Other modules and components are disposed within the housing 12.
The present invention has two measurement states or modes according to the needs of users, wherein fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of vertical measurement, and fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of horizontal measurement.
When using the vertical measurement method, the instrument mainly measures the angle theta of the inclination of the crop stalks under the action of vertical thrust 1 And corresponding thrust F 1 Wherein θ is 1 The angle between the hand-held device shell 12 and the horizontal plane is approximately equal to the angle of the measured stalk deviating from the vertical position, which can be regarded as the stalk inclination angle, and F is the force applied by the user to the stalk and the force F of the stalk to the clamping device 1 Is a pair of interaction forces, thus F 1 Can be regarded as a corresponding thrust force, in which case the second inclination sensor 4 may not be installed.
The vertical measurement method comprises the following steps:
(1) The power switch 13 is turned on, the HC-05 Bluetooth signal is searched on the upper computer software 9, and the upper computer prompts 'successful connection'.
(2) The opening of the clamping device 1 is lightly leaned against the measured position of the crop stalks, and the start button on the upper computer software 9 is pressed.
(3) The stalk is pushed slowly and always vertically, and the upper computer software force F can be observed at the moment 1 And theta 1 Is not connected to the second inclination sensor 4, θ 2 Always 0.
(4) Pressing the "pause" or "end" button of the host software 9 can view the history data and export.
In this test mode, the holding device 1 is controlled to be always perpendicular to the crop stalks and pushed forward at a constant speed, the first angle sensor 3 is mounted on the circuit board inside the housing 12, and the angle between the housing 12 of the hand-held device and the horizontal plane is measured by this measurement modeWhich is approximately equal to the included angle theta between the measured stalk and the vertical direction 1 . When the measuring mode is used, the other inclination angle sensor can not be connected, then theta 2 Always 0.
When using the horizontal measurement method, the instrument mainly measures the angle theta of the inclination of the crop stalks under the action of horizontal thrust 2 And corresponding thrust F 1 The principle is the same as that of the vertical method, the only difference is that the angle theta can be observed at the moment 1 Whether or not to be always 0 ensures whether or not the housing 12 is always horizontal, and whether or not the thrust is always horizontal.
The level determination method comprises the following steps:
(1) The second inclination sensor is firstly arranged on the surface of the measured crop stalk.
(2) The power switch 13 is turned on, the HC-05 Bluetooth signal is searched on the upper computer software 9, and the upper computer prompts 'successful connection'.
(3) The opening of the clamping device 1 is lightly leaned against the measured position of the crop stalks, and the start button on the upper computer software 9 is pressed.
(4) Slowly and always horizontally pushing the stalks, and displaying the force F by the upper computer software 1 And theta 2 In which the change relation of theta can be observed 1 Whether or not the value of (2) is always 0 to ensure that the stalk is always pushed horizontally
(5) Pressing the "pause" button of the upper computer software 9 can view the history data and export.
In this test mode, the holding device 1 is controlled to keep horizontal all the time and push the stalks at a constant speed, the second angle sensor 4 is arranged on the surface of the stalks of the crop to be tested, and the angle theta of the stalks deviating from the treatment position is measured by the measurement mode 2 And can be observed by theta 1 Whether the angle of the hand-held measuring device is always 0 is used for judging whether the hand-held measuring device always keeps pushing the stalks horizontally.
Regardless of the measurement method used, the first tilt sensor 3 is always enclosed on a circuit board (not shown) within the housing 12.
In the measuring process, the pressure sensor 2 and the two inclination sensors acquire thrust values and inclination angle values of the measured crop stalks in real time, convert the thrust values and the inclination angle values into electric signals and send the electric signals to the singlechip processing module 7; meanwhile, the liquid crystal display module 6 displays the thrust value and the two inclination angle values in real time. Meanwhile, the upper computer software 9 displays the thrust value and the two inclination angle values in real time, and draws a relation curve of the thrust value and the two inclination angle values by taking the two angle values as the abscissa and the thrust value as the ordinate respectively, and if the upper computer is required to stop measurement, only needs to be pressed down to stop or end. The upper computer software 9 can also view the history data and export the history data into a csv format to excel for post-processing.
In summary, the device is based on a 51 single chip microcomputer, and adopts the pressure and inclination angle sensor to accurately and rapidly acquire the inclination angle of the stalk and the corresponding thrust under the action of a certain thrust; the Bluetooth module is used for wireless transmission of data and real-time display on the upper computer software, and a user can control the starting or suspending of the instrument through the upper computer software and check historical data to export the data to the PC end for post-processing.
The foregoing description is only illustrative of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and all equivalent structures or equivalent processes or direct or indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A portable crop stalk strength measurement device, comprising:
the clamping device is used for clamping the stalks of the crops to be tested;
the signal acquisition module comprises a pressure sensor, two inclination angle sensors and an AD conversion module, wherein the first inclination angle sensor is arranged in a shell of the measuring device and is used for measuring an included angle of crop stalks deviating from the vertical direction under the action of thrust perpendicular to the stalks; the second inclination sensor is arranged outside the shell of the measuring device and is used for being fixed on the surface of the crop stalks and measuring the included angle of the crop stalks relative to the vertical direction under the action of horizontal thrust; the AD conversion module converts the collected pressure and the two angle values into electric signals to be sent;
the singlechip processing module is used for processing the received electric signals and restoring the electric signals into corresponding measured values;
the liquid crystal display module displays the pressure value and the two angle values in real time; and
the power supply module supplies power to the whole measuring device;
the system also comprises a data processing module for post-processing the measured value;
the data processing module comprises software developed based on an android system, and the functions of the software comprise real-time display of data, curve drawing, historical data inquiry and derivation and remark information addition;
the Bluetooth module is used for transmitting data with external equipment.
2. The measurement device of claim 1, wherein the pressure sensor is a miniature S-shaped pull pressure sensor.
3. The measurement device of claim 1, wherein the tilt sensor is a SCA60C tilt sensor.
4. The measurement device of claim 1, wherein the single chip processing module comprises a central processing unit STC89C52RC.
5. The measurement device of claim 1, wherein the liquid crystal display module is a 12864LCD liquid crystal display.
6. A method of measuring the strength of crop stalks using a measuring device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:
(1) Firstly, a second inclination sensor is arranged on the surface of a measured crop stalk;
(2) Turning on a power switch;
(3) Lightly leaning an opening of the clamping device against a measured position of the crop stalks, and pressing a start button on software of the data processing module;
(4) Slowly and always horizontally pushing the stalks, and displaying force F by data processing module software 1 And theta 2 In which the change relation of theta can be observed 1 Whether the value of (2) is always 0 so as to ensure that the stalks are always pushed horizontally;
(5) Pressing the "pause" or "end" button of the software may view, save or export the history data.
CN201711477163.9A 2017-12-29 2017-12-29 Portable crop stalk strength measuring device and method Active CN108037013B (en)

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Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109030178A (en) * 2018-08-14 2018-12-18 江苏徐淮地区淮阴农业科学研究所 Gramineous crop stalk fracture resistence force rapid determination device
CN111238960B (en) * 2020-03-24 2022-09-20 河南问道光电科技有限公司 Acupuncture type corn stalk lodging strength rapid measuring instrument convenient to operate
CN113671133B (en) * 2021-09-23 2023-08-15 中国农业科学院油料作物研究所 Device for monitoring and correcting inclination angle of crops in real time and method for resisting lodging of crops by device

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US5044210A (en) * 1990-11-01 1991-09-03 Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc. Method and means for testing the strength of plant stalks
CN101923022A (en) * 2010-07-23 2010-12-22 北京农业智能装备技术研究中心 Hand-held device and method for measuring lodging-resistant strength of crop
CN202281723U (en) * 2011-06-23 2012-06-20 河南科技学院 Portable crop lodging-resistant strength electronic determinator
CN103822829A (en) * 2014-03-03 2014-05-28 河南农业大学 Crop stalk lodging resistance measurement method and device
CN205157323U (en) * 2015-10-28 2016-04-13 河南农业大学 Stem of plant stalk intensity measurement device that resists lodging

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5044210A (en) * 1990-11-01 1991-09-03 Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc. Method and means for testing the strength of plant stalks
CN101923022A (en) * 2010-07-23 2010-12-22 北京农业智能装备技术研究中心 Hand-held device and method for measuring lodging-resistant strength of crop
CN202281723U (en) * 2011-06-23 2012-06-20 河南科技学院 Portable crop lodging-resistant strength electronic determinator
CN103822829A (en) * 2014-03-03 2014-05-28 河南农业大学 Crop stalk lodging resistance measurement method and device
CN205157323U (en) * 2015-10-28 2016-04-13 河南农业大学 Stem of plant stalk intensity measurement device that resists lodging

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