CN101917036A - Dynamically balanced charging and discharging method for battery management system - Google Patents
Dynamically balanced charging and discharging method for battery management system Download PDFInfo
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- CN101917036A CN101917036A CN 201010244377 CN201010244377A CN101917036A CN 101917036 A CN101917036 A CN 101917036A CN 201010244377 CN201010244377 CN 201010244377 CN 201010244377 A CN201010244377 A CN 201010244377A CN 101917036 A CN101917036 A CN 101917036A
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Abstract
The invention provides a dynamically balanced charging and discharging method for a battery management system and belongs to the field of the automobile dynamic battery management system. A signal battery or battery pack is uniformly charged and discharged in the whole charging and discharging process during use of a general battery pack without an external power supply; the voltage of the battery pack of the general battery pack is detected in real time and is fed back to a microcontroller (MCU); the MCU controls the voltage of the general battery pack to feed back the voltage of the general battery pack to the battery management system which intelligently balances a under-voltage battery pack; and the consistency of the battery pack is improved, the service life of the battery pack is prolonged, and the state that the traditional battery management system (BMS) only detects and alarms the battery pack and does not improve the inconsistency in the battery pack in real time is changed, by distributing energy to each signal battery or battery pack of the general battery pack. The method is applied to all types of dynamic batteries.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to automobile power cell management system field, be specifically related to the implementation method that a kind of dynamic equalization discharges and recharges.
Background technology
Because the non-renewable and environmental pollution of fossil energy, green novel energy source is more and more widelyd popularize.Automobile need consume a large amount of oil, is being faced with the trend to the development of green high-efficient aspect, and pure electric automobile and hybrid vehicle are the most effective solutions of current stage.One of the main difficult point of pure electric automobile and hybrid vehicle and cost are on electrokinetic cell system, and the efficient and safety durable of battery is an important considerations.
For a long time, the electrokinetic cell that motor vehicle disposed lacks necessary management, is in the free working condition, is in often in the excessive charging and discharging state.The situation of often a certain monomer electrokinetic cell worsens in one group of electrokinetic cell, influence is the working condition of other electrokinetic cells on the same group, because the series connection effect of power battery pack, it is maximum that this monomer electrokinetic cell will become load in the electrokinetic cell on the same group, thereby quicken the deterioration of this electrokinetic cell, cause whole power battery group state deteriorating at last, have a strong impact on useful life.When early stage mis-behave appears in the monomer electrokinetic cell,, can make its performance be repaired or slow down the speed of deterioration, prolong the life-span of whole power battery group if can in time detect and be discharged and recharged the control of link.The main effect of battery management system is exactly the fail safe and the durability of monitoring the operating state of battery pack and ensureing battery pack work.
At present domestic power battery management system only limits to each joint (group) battery of power battery pack is monitored in real time and reported to the police mostly, a lot of power battery management systems produce effect when using the electrokinetic cell of a certain type, but be difficult to be applied on the electrokinetic cell of other type, rarely have and adopt the power battery management system matured product that discharges and recharges compensation and battery remaining power SOC is accurately estimated.
The power battery management system of BYD company (application number: 200310111783.3); complete function; the robustness of system is fine; each module can independently be controlled; the problem of its existence is that circuit is too complicated; each battery module correspondence an independently control circuit; this circuit has complete protective circuit; MCU controller etc., its cost can be very high, also is not suitable for carrying out the integrated of miniaturization; and it does not mention the notion about balance charge/discharge; just individual module is controlled, reported to the police and isolation etc., can not dynamically improve the performance of battery.
(application number: 200910039962.7), be characterized in combining with the control of car load, outstanding warning and protection to fault do not see that dynamic equalization discharges and recharges function yet for the hybrid vehicle battery fault management system of Cherry's automobile and management method thereof.
(application number: main outstanding function 200910193839.5) is diagnosis and monitoring to the novel battery management system of the suitable hybrid vehicle of hundred million energy electronics.
A kind of cell management system of electric automobile constructive method of universal electric automobile and system thereof (application number: 200510050287.X) mainly comprise monitoring module and equalizing charge module, right its equalizing charge module mainly is to use when stopping for charging, can not carry out dynamic equalization to battery in the use of automobile.
Comprehensively to the inquiry of the Patent data that retrieves, the subject matter of finding various battery management systems is to lack the balanced control of rational active, what battery pack was carried out mainly is to detect and report to the police, can not improve conforming destruction or deterioration between the battery cell module, to there is no substantial prolongation or improvement in useful life of battery pack.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of by the total battery cell of real-time detection grouping voltage and feed back to microcontroller MCU, control total battery voltage by MCU and feed back to the battery management system that under-voltage battery group is carried out intelligent equalization, by each cell of total battery pack or battery group are carried out real-time energy distribution, improve the consistency of battery pack, prolong the useful life of battery pack, change current battery management system BMS and only battery pack is detected and report to the police and the inconsistency that occurs in the battery pack is not improved in real time the present situation of operation.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of power battery management system, it mainly comprises microcontroller MCU, equalizing charge power supply, balance charge/discharge electronic switch assembly, voltage detecting circuit module.
Microcontroller MCU is according to the detected battery group magnitude of voltage of voltage detecting circuit module, determine by default algorithm whether equalizing circuit needs work, and the under-voltage battery group that needs equalizing charge, and send the corresponding balance charge/discharge electronic switch assembly of instruction gating, unlatching equalizing charge power supply; MCU can set the euqalizing current size by the output voltage of control equalizing charge power supply.
Equalizing charge power supply input power supply directly comes from total battery pack, and not needing to add balanced power supply provides energy.Total battery pack provides equalizing circuit to be used for equalizing charge after step-down is isolated through the equalizing charge power supply, total battery pack to adaptive vehicle when being in discharge and charged state, the equalizing charge power supply can carry out the balance charge/discharge compensation to arbitrary battery group, this power supply is controlled by MCU, can regulate euqalizing current according to needs.Output has current detecting unit to be connected with MCU, is used for the reference that MCU regulates electric current.
The balance charge/discharge electronic switch assembly:
A.MCU is a timesharing grouping gating to the gating mode of battery group balance charge/discharge compensation, and battery group branch road of MCU gating is opened a high position (positive pole) and low level (negative pole) switch of this branch road simultaneously, and this battery group is carried out equalizing charge.
B. balance charge/discharge electronic switch assembly and each battery group are used an a high position (k+ respectively, anodal) switch and a low-side switch (k-, negative pole) connects, each forms a branch road to high low-side switch, the high position of all battery group electronic switches links to each other with the positive pole of DC-DC charge power supply, and the low level of electronic switch links to each other with the negative pole of DC-DC charge power supply, forms the balance charge/discharge road network network of an electronic switch;
Controlled by microcontroller MCU, certain group electronic switch assembly gating then can carry out the balance charge/discharge compensation to this battery group by the equalizing charge power supply, and remaining battery group is not subjected to the influence of balanced power supply owing to there is electronic switch to isolate;
The voltage detecting circuit module: detect the magnitude of voltage of each battery group, carry out real-time feedback to microcontroller MCU, MCU sends the basis for estimation of equalization operation instruction by the electric weight of algorithm computation battery group with this as MCU.
Battery module too much for total battery cell number or distributed placement can adopt following dual mode:
1. increase the cell number of each grouping, change MCU is about the parameter of voltage protection upper lower limit value;
2. for distributed, balance charge/discharge road electronic switch assembly, MCU, equalizing charge power supply and a voltage detecting circuit module can be set in each battery module, each module MCU is by CAN or LIN bus communication.
The calculating of equalizing charge electric weight in this programme:
Voltage that the equalizing charge power supply is secondary and battery pack ground isolate does not have common-mode voltage influences, behind switching gate, be equivalent to equalizing voltage ground with idiostatic by the negative pole of balancing battery, equalizing voltage is higher than by balancing battery voltage can produce euqalizing current, and this battery is carried out equilibrium; Other parts are not because the isolation that has switch to disconnect is subjected to the influence of equalizing circuit.
Determining of balanced electric weight, in the accompanying drawing 2, equalizing charge power supply DC-DC is from total battery pack power taking stream I, through arriving secondary Io=I*5U/Uc after the transformation, at node A place, Io=I+Ic, be Ic=Io-I=(5U/Uc-1) * I, balanced t by the changes delta Q=Ic*t of balancing battery grouping electric weight, with respect to the electric quantity change Δ Q1=Io*t of other battery group, so promptly can reach replenishing this battery group electric weight after the time.From the flow direction of electric current as can be seen: balance charge/discharge is that battery pack is carried out real-time energy distribution.
In conjunction with the accompanying drawings 2 and above-mentioned analysis as can be known, when power battery pack is in the discharge process, by the equilibrium state that is in the discharge compensation by compensation cell or battery group of gating, the electric current of its output is less than the battery group of other non-compensation; When power battery pack is in the charging process, by the equilibrium state that is in charge compensate by compensation cell or battery group of gating, its input charging current is greater than the battery group of other non-compensation.Therefore, realized that dynamic equalization discharges and recharges compensation.
The groundwork mode:
MCU is according to the information of voltage detecting circuit, definite needs carry out the battery group of equalizing charge, the corresponding branch road of gating, and the mode of the output voltage by regulating the equalizing charge power supply is adjusted the size of equalizing charge electric current, judge the time of implementation of equalizing charge according to the voltage data of voltage detecting circuit collection, when reaching the expectation effect, close the switch of equalizing charge power supply power supply and branch road.
Advantage of the present invention is:
1, the energy conversion efficiency height of circuit, main loss are on the small energy loss of the transfer ratio of Switching Power Supply and control switch devices switch process;
2, the highly versatile of circuit can adapt to different electrokinetic cell types after changing about the variable reference value of battery voltage control etc. in the Control Software of MCU;
3, the autgmentability of circuit is strong, for the battery group number too much or the battery pack of distributed module, can increase the cell number of each battery group or each module is equipped with a special battery management system, controls by CAN communication;
4, this circuit can carry out equilibrium to it in whole charge or discharge processes that battery uses, and is not subjected to time, spatial limitation, has good dynamic.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the whole logic diagram of realizing of the present invention.Among the figure: (each k represents a way switch to 1-balance charge/discharge electronic switch assembly among the figure, and k+ is high-order (positive pole) switch, and k-is low level (negative pole) switch, K
1Be the 1st battery group electronic switch, Kn is a n battery group electronic switch), 2-MCU connects 3-microcontroller MCU, 4-equalizing charge power supply, 5-cell, 6-voltage detecting circuit module to the gating of electronic switch.
Fig. 2 is the euqalizing current analysis chart.Among the figure: 7-equalizing charge power supply (DC-DC) equivalent electric circuit, each equivalent source internal resistance of r-, the former limit of R-DC-DC equivalent internal resistance, IR-DC-DC power supply power supply, I0-DC-DC isostatic compensation electric current, Ic be by the contribution of balancing battery group to total battery pack current, the total battery set charge/discharge electric current of I-.
Fig. 3. the equalizing charge schematic diagram of discharge compensation.Among the figure: the balanced branch road signal of 8-Third Road, 9-MCU connects 10-load motor, b1 to the gating of corresponding Third Road in the gating connection of electronic switch ... b5-battery group numbering.
Fig. 4. the equalizing charge schematic diagram of charge compensate.11-charging device among the figure.
Embodiment
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 3,4:
The equalizing charge of discharge compensation: in the accompanying drawing 3, the load of battery pack is a motor, and total battery components is 5 groups, is followed successively by b1, b2, b3, b4, b5, the equalizing circuit balanced branch road of Third Road of work that only draws.
After system powers on, MCU inquires about the measured voltage data of voltage detection module in real time, go forward side by side line item and analysis, suppose at a time, MCU analyzes the average electricity that the dump energy of determining the 3rd Battery pack b3 is lower than all the other each Battery packs, need carry out equilibrium to it, then MCU gives the pairing Third Road of b3 balanced branch road gating signal, give the equalizing charge power supply signal simultaneously, b3 is carried out equalizing charge, the flow direction of euqalizing current is: from battery pack to equalizing charge power supply transformation after the high-side switch of the balanced branch road of Third Road to the b3 positive pole, is got back to the equalizing charge power supply from the b3 negative pole through the low-side switch of the 3rd group of balanced branch road then.The adjusting of equalizing charge electric current is to adjust the equalizing charge electric power output voltage by current feedback MCU, and making size of current is set point.As can be seen, the electric current that b3 is exported when balanced discharge compensates relatively and all the other groupings to lack, played the effect that it is compensated.
When equalizing charge was carried out, MCU inquired about the value of feedback of voltage detection module, and stopped the balanced time according to the conditional decision of setting.
The equalizing charge of charge compensate: in the accompanying drawing 4, be total batteries charging with charging device, the input power supply of equalizing charge power supply is from total battery pack two ends (output of charging device).
After system powers on, MCU inquires about the measured voltage data of voltage detection module in real time, go forward side by side line item and analysis, suppose at a time, the electric weight that definite the 3rd Battery pack b3 of MCU analysis is obtained is lower than the average electricity of all the other each Battery packs, need carry out equilibrium to it, then MCU gives the pairing Third Road of b3 balanced branch road gating signal, give the equalizing charge power supply signal simultaneously, b3 is carried out equalizing charge, the flow direction of euqalizing current is: from battery pack (charger) to equalizing charge power supply transformation after the high-side switch of the balanced branch road of Third Road to the b3 positive pole, is got back to the equalizing charge power supply from the b3 negative pole through the low-side switch of the 3rd group of balanced branch road then.The adjusting of equalizing charge electric current is an output voltage of adjusting the equalizing charge power supply by current feedback MCU, and making size of current is set point.Herein, during the equalizing charge compensation, the charging current that b3 obtained wants big than all the other groupings, has reached the effect of equalizing charge compensation.
When equalizing charge was carried out, MCU inquired about the value of feedback of voltage detection module, and stopped the balanced time according to the conditional decision of setting.
Above-mentioned feature of the present invention as can be seen, the balance charge/discharge process is not subjected to always the work conversion influence of state (charge or discharge) of total battery, can be particularly suitable for the hybrid electric vehicle power battery management system to by the balance charge/discharge compensation of balancing battery grouping carrying out dynamic real-time.
The invention is not restricted to the embodiment that embodiment is set forth.The present invention is applicable to that all need carry out the battery management system of battery dynamic equalization management of charging and discharging.
Claims (4)
1. the dynamic equalization of a battery management system discharges and recharges implementation method, it is characterized in that: by microcontroller MCU circuit, and the equalizing charge power supply, the balance charge/discharge electronic switch assembly, the voltage detecting circuit module is formed, and it realizes carrying out following steps:
A, microcontroller MCU determine to carry out the battery group of balance charge/discharge compensation, the balance charge/discharge electronic switch assembly of gating correspondence according to the detected battery group magnitude of voltage of voltage detecting circuit module;
B, by the electronic switch assembly of gating with the equalizing charge power connection to the battery group that need carry out balance charge/discharge compensation, by the equalizing charge power supply this battery group is discharged and recharged compensation;
C, MCU monitoring are in real time adjusted the charging current of equalizing charge power supply to being divided into groups by balancing battery in view of the above by the state of charge that balancing battery divides into groups.
2. a kind of dynamic equalization of battery management system discharges and recharges implementation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the input power supply of equalizing charge power supply directly comes from total battery pack, total battery pack to adaptive vehicle when being in discharge and charged state, the equalizing charge power supply can carry out the balance charge/discharge compensation to arbitrary battery group, wherein:
A, when total battery pack is in charged state, the equalizing charge power supply shows as charge compensate to the charging of battery group;
B, when total battery pack is in discharge condition, the equalizing charge power supply shows as the discharge compensation to the charging of battery group.
3. a kind of dynamic equalization of battery management system discharges and recharges implementation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: MCU is a timesharing grouping gating to the gating mode of battery group balance charge/discharge compensation, battery group branch road of MCU gating, open the high low-side switch of this branch road simultaneously, this branch road is carried out equalizing charge.
4. the dynamic equalization as a kind of battery management system as described in the claim 3 discharges and recharges implementation method, it is characterized in that: the balance charge/discharge electronic switch assembly is connected with a low-side switch with a high-side switch respectively with each battery group, the high position of all battery group electronic switches links to each other with the positive pole of equalizing charge power supply, and the low level of electronic switch links to each other with the negative pole of equalizing charge power supply.
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| CN 201010244377 CN101917036A (en) | 2010-07-28 | 2010-07-28 | Dynamically balanced charging and discharging method for battery management system |
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| CN 201010244377 CN101917036A (en) | 2010-07-28 | 2010-07-28 | Dynamically balanced charging and discharging method for battery management system |
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| CN102255361A (en) * | 2011-07-19 | 2011-11-23 | 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 | Method for equalizing electric quantity of batteries and equalizer |
| CN102427255A (en) * | 2011-10-28 | 2012-04-25 | 东风汽车公司 | Method and device for automatically equalizing voltages of power battery groups |
| CN102646998A (en) * | 2011-02-18 | 2012-08-22 | 三星Sdi株式会社 | System for charge and discharge of battery pack |
| CN103633696A (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2014-03-12 | 江苏大学 | Switch block and control method for controlling grading variable voltage charging of ESASRE suspension |
| CN104795860A (en) * | 2015-03-30 | 2015-07-22 | 金华职业技术学院 | Electric-car lithium battery active-equalization management system |
| CN105375566A (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2016-03-02 | 北京中瑞蓝科电动汽车技术有限公司 | Battery dynamic real-time equalization control apparatus and electric vehicle with same |
| CN107769309A (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2018-03-06 | 深圳职业技术学院 | Battery balanced control method, apparatus and system |
| CN108347073A (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2018-07-31 | 孙庆 | Charge balancing control method for power lithium ion accumulator group |
| CN109888861A (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2019-06-14 | 苏州力神能源科技有限公司 | The equal balance system of large-capacity battery pack active high current and charging method |
| CN110347067A (en) * | 2018-04-08 | 2019-10-18 | 湖南金杯新能源发展有限公司 | Battery management system total voltage monitors circuit |
| CN110391686A (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2019-10-29 | 广东利元亨智能装备股份有限公司 | Charge-discharge control circuit |
| CN112768793A (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2021-05-07 | 青岛瑰宝电子科技有限公司 | Active equalization compensation method, device and system for battery pack and electronic equipment |
| CN116545067A (en) * | 2023-05-15 | 2023-08-04 | 江苏阿诗特能源科技有限公司 | Equalization circuit and energy storage system of battery pack |
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| CN102646998B (en) * | 2011-02-18 | 2014-09-03 | 三星Sdi株式会社 | System for charge and discharge of battery pack |
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| CN102427255A (en) * | 2011-10-28 | 2012-04-25 | 东风汽车公司 | Method and device for automatically equalizing voltages of power battery groups |
| CN103633696B (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2016-03-02 | 江苏大学 | The switches set controlled for the charging of ESASRE suspension classification transformation and control method |
| CN103633696A (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2014-03-12 | 江苏大学 | Switch block and control method for controlling grading variable voltage charging of ESASRE suspension |
| CN104795860A (en) * | 2015-03-30 | 2015-07-22 | 金华职业技术学院 | Electric-car lithium battery active-equalization management system |
| CN105375566A (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2016-03-02 | 北京中瑞蓝科电动汽车技术有限公司 | Battery dynamic real-time equalization control apparatus and electric vehicle with same |
| CN105375566B (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2018-06-08 | 北京中瑞蓝科电动汽车技术有限公司 | Battery dynamic realtime equalising control device and with its electric vehicle |
| CN107769309A (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2018-03-06 | 深圳职业技术学院 | Battery balanced control method, apparatus and system |
| CN108347073A (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2018-07-31 | 孙庆 | Charge balancing control method for power lithium ion accumulator group |
| CN110347067A (en) * | 2018-04-08 | 2019-10-18 | 湖南金杯新能源发展有限公司 | Battery management system total voltage monitors circuit |
| CN109888861A (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2019-06-14 | 苏州力神能源科技有限公司 | The equal balance system of large-capacity battery pack active high current and charging method |
| CN110391686A (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2019-10-29 | 广东利元亨智能装备股份有限公司 | Charge-discharge control circuit |
| CN112768793A (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2021-05-07 | 青岛瑰宝电子科技有限公司 | Active equalization compensation method, device and system for battery pack and electronic equipment |
| CN112768793B (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2024-05-14 | 青岛瑰宝电子科技有限公司 | Battery pack active equalization compensation method, device and system and electronic equipment |
| CN116545067A (en) * | 2023-05-15 | 2023-08-04 | 江苏阿诗特能源科技有限公司 | Equalization circuit and energy storage system of battery pack |
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Application publication date: 20101215 |