CN101915992B - Free-form surface goggles-based see-through helmet mounted display device - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a free-form surface goggles-based see-through helmet mounted display device. A pair of free-form surface goggles is arranged in front of a helmet body, wherein micro-display imaging devices and relay lens assemblies are arranged in front of the helmet body and on the two sides of the upper part of the free-form surface goggles respectively; the two relay lens assemblies are arranged at an inclination angle of 42 degrees; each relay lens assembly comprises a first relay lens, a second relay lens, a third relay lens, a fourth relay lens, a fifth relay lens and a sixth relay lens; and the first relay lens, the second relay lens, the third relay lens, the fourth relay lens, the fifth relay lens and the sixth relay lens are arranged in turn. In the device, a tire tread-shaped free-form surface is used for imaging, so the device can realize a large off-axis angle of 33 degrees, correct the aberration well and obviously improve the imaging quality and has a simple structure; the device is suitable to be arranged on a human head and conforms to the characteristic of man-machine efficacy; and by using the design of a short-focus large angle of view, the device has an exit pupil of between 12 and 15mm and an angle of view of between 40 and 50 degrees.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of penetration helmet mounted display device based on the free form surface safety goggles.
Background technology
Helmet Mounted Display is through 30 years of development; Especially in recent years, technology had obtained great advance, and helmet-mounted display is applied in the virtual reality the earliest; Utilize to external world vision, the sense of hearing sealing of Helmet Mounted Display with the people, the guiding user produces a kind of sensation in virtual environment.Helmet Mounted Display has in occasions such as present virtual reality, visual exercise, medical science, aviation, amusements to be used widely, has huge application market.Helmet Mounted Display can be divided into immersion and penetration according to its application; Immersion is to intercept the internal signal that a helmet external signal Reality Head-mounted Displays produces; Penetration is just in time opposite; Be that the penetration helmet shows the stack that can realize internal virtual signal and outside outdoor scene information with the demonstration that superposes of internal signal and helmet outer scene, the user promptly can see the inner various information that produce; Be both also and can see outer scene; Thereby have bigger application in virtual reality etc., for example Helmet Mounted Display can be installed on the head devices such as wardrobe helmet like flying, the fight helmet, proximity helmet, fire mask, chemical defence mask, safety helmet easily, realizes the application of special occasions such as flight, fire-fighting, lifesaving.
Helmet Mounted Display generally consists of the following components: the optical system of image information display source, image imaging, positioning sensor system, circuit control and system of connections, the helmet and counter weight device.And wherein the design of helmet display optical system is one of core technology of total system design, and direct relation the overall performance of Helmet Mounted Display.For this reason, developing good, rational in infrastructure, the practical helmet display optical system of a kind of optical property is one of important step that influences the Helmet Mounted Display performance.
The Helmet Mounted Display system can be divided into small field of view, middle visual field and big visual field according to the visual field size; Big visual field shows can widen range of observation, improve the display message capacity; Enhancing through real-world object and dummy object simultaneously forms depth perception, realizes having feeling of immersion that the big visual field helmet shows the needs that can satisfy virtual reality immersion property and interactivity.For realizing that big visual field shows, the helmet shows that classification mainly contains two kinds of forms according to version: goggle structure and projection structure.Wherein the goggle structure form belongs to the NonPupil form, and promptly image composer spare does not have conjugate image, and the eyes emergent pupil is as the emergent pupil of headgear system.Projection structure belongs to the Pupilforming form; Be that pupil face and eyes emergent pupil conjugation are arranged in the optical system; Though adopt the goggle structure form have simple in structure, can realize advantage such as colour demonstration; But the shortcoming that the difficulty of aberration correction under the large viewing field condition is also arranged, and the projection form has the high characteristics of imaging definition, but the type that is subject to the screen of turning back and the shortcoming of position are also arranged simultaneously.
Utilize helmet safety goggles as penetration helmet display optical system collimation composition element, this mentality of designing has become a kind of trend of helmet display optical system design at present, especially in the system of wide visual field.Therefore, can utilize the project organization of helmet safety goggles, realize the direct projection of image, accomplish improvement optical system structure as helmet display optical system collimation combination glass elements.Especially in recent years, along with the continuous development of optical technology and process technology, reflective aspheric surface was used from the application of axle system in headgear system gradually; Aspheric surface (Aspheric surface) and holographic optical elements (HOE) are compared, and aspheric surface has the efficient height, and parasitic light is little; Advantages such as good imaging quality, aspheric surface is aberration correction better, reduces optical element sheet number and the requirement that reduces weight thereby reach; Simultaneously; The effect of helmet safety goggles has not only played protective action, the more important thing is that it has become the part of helmet display optical system, and it is very outstanding that its optical characteristics just seems.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiency of prior art, a kind of penetration helmet mounted display device based on the free form surface safety goggles is provided.
Penetration helmet mounted display device based on the free form surface safety goggles comprises micro-display imager spare, free form surface safety goggles, helmet helmet body, relay lens group; The dead ahead of helmet helmet body is provided with the free form surface safety goggles; The dead ahead of helmet helmet body, both sides, free form surface safety goggles top are respectively equipped with micro-display imager spare and relay lens group; Two relay lens group angles of inclination, 42 degree are arranged; Relay lens group comprises first relay lens, second relay lens, the 3rd relay lens, the 4th relay lens, the 5th relay lens, the 6th relay lens, and first relay lens and second relay lens, the 3rd relay lens, the 4th relay lens, the 5th relay lens, the 6th relay lens are placed successively.
Described free form surface safety goggles adopts the tire tread shape free form surface from the axle working method; Off-axis angle with 33 degree; The reflecting surface focal length of free form surface safety goggles is for just; The focal length distribution meets the following conditions: 1.5＜F8/F＜1.8, and F8 is the focal length of free form surface safety goggles, F is the focal length of relay lens group;
Described first relay lens is a biconvex lens; Second relay lens is that meniscus lens, the 3rd relay lens are that meniscus lens, the 4th relay lens are that biconvex lens, the 5th relay lens are that meniscus lens, the 6th relay lens are meniscus lens, and the focal length of the 6th relay lens satisfies: 5.0＜F7/F＜5.5; Wherein, F7 is the focal length of the 6th relay lens, and F is the focal length of relay lens group, and the 4th relay lens focal length is for just, and focal length satisfies: 1.6＜F5/F＜2.0, and wherein, F5 is the focal length of the 4th relay lens, F is the focal length of relay lens group.
Described micro-display imager spare inclination 4～6 degree are placed.
Described relay lens group and free form surface safety goggles synthesize focal length 25～30mm.
The optical texture that described micro-display imager spare, free form surface safety goggles, relay lens group are formed has the field angle of 12～15mm emergent pupil and 40～50 degree, and its relative aperture is 2.0～2.2.
The beneficial effect that the present invention compared with prior art has is: 1) adopt the free form surface of tire tread shape to participate in imaging; Can guarantee the big field angle imaging of short focal length object lens of large relative aperture, aberration correction better, simple in structure: as 2) to have the big off-axis angle of 33 degree, be adapted at human body head and arrange, meet man-machine effect characteristic; 3) adopt relay lens inclination, eccentric structure, obviously improve image quality.4) adopt the big field angle design of short focal length, focal length 25～30mm has the field angle of 15mm emergent pupil and 40 degree, 5) adopt the object lens of large relative aperture design, relative aperture is 2.0～2.2, improves as the illuminance on the plane;
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is based on the big off-axis angle helmet mounted display device structural representation of free form surface safety goggles;
Fig. 2 is a side structure synoptic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is an optical system layout viewing of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the modulation transfer function of helmet display optical structure of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the point range figure of the present invention in each visual field;
Fig. 6 is the pupil surface aberration figure of the present invention in each visual field;
Among the figure, micro-display imager spare S1, the first relay lens S2, the second relay lens S3, the 3rd relay lens S4, the 4th relay lens S5, the 5th relay lens S6, the 6th relay lens S7, free form surface safety goggles S8, human eye S9, helmet helmet body S10, relay lens group S21.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1; Penetration helmet mounted display device based on the free form surface safety goggles comprises micro-display imager spare S1, free form surface safety goggles S8, helmet helmet body S10, relay lens group S21; The dead ahead of helmet helmet body S10 is provided with free form surface safety goggles S8; The dead ahead of helmet helmet body S10, both sides, free form surface safety goggles S8 top are respectively equipped with micro-display imager spare S1 and relay lens group S21; Two relay lens group S21 angles of inclination, 42 degree are arranged; Relay lens group S21 comprises the first relay lens S2, the second relay lens S3, the 3rd relay lens S4, the 4th relay lens S5, the 5th relay lens S6, the 6th relay lens S7, and the first relay lens S2 and the second relay lens S3, the 3rd relay lens S4, the 4th relay lens S5, the 5th relay lens S6, the 6th relay lens S7 place successively.
Described free form surface safety goggles S8 adopts the tire tread shape free form surface from the axle working method; Off-axis angle with 33 degree; The reflecting surface focal length of free form surface safety goggles S8 is for just; The focal length distribution meets the following conditions: 1.5＜F8/F＜1.8, and F8 is the focal length of free form surface safety goggles S8, F is the focal length of relay lens group S21;
The described first relay lens S2 is a biconvex lens; The second relay lens S3 is that meniscus lens, the 3rd relay lens S4 are that meniscus lens, the 4th relay lens S5 are that biconvex lens, the 5th relay lens S6 are that meniscus lens, the 6th relay lens S7 are meniscus lens, and the focal length of the 6th relay lens S7 satisfies: 5.0＜F7/F＜5.5; Wherein, F7 is the focal length of the 6th relay lens S7, and F is the focal length of relay lens group S21, and the 4th relay lens S5 focal length is for just, and focal length satisfies: 1.6＜F5/F＜2.0, and wherein, F5 is the focal length of the 4th relay lens S5, F is the focal length of relay lens group S21.
Described micro-display imager spare S1 inclination 4～6 degree are placed.
Described relay lens group S21 and free form surface safety goggles S8 synthesize focal length 25～30mm.
The optical texture that described micro-display imager spare S1, free form surface safety goggles S8, relay lens group S21 form has the field angle of 12～15mm emergent pupil and 40～50 degree, and its relative aperture is 2.0～2.2.
Fig. 2 is a side structure synoptic diagram of the present invention; Helmet helmet body can be motorcycle helmet, fire hat or aviation helmet; The safety goggles of this device becomes complete single type; Layout is adapted at human body head and arranges, and meets man-machine effect characteristic, and the binocular helmet that makes up through this mode can be used in occasions such as fire-fighting, aviation and virtual reality.
Fig. 3 is the optical texture synoptic diagram of micro-display imager spare S1, free form surface safety goggles S8, relay lens group S21 composition, and it has micro-display imager spare S1, relay lens S2, relay lens S3, relay lens S4, relay lens S5, relay lens S6, relay lens S7 and free form surface safety goggles S8 successively; Optics adopts catadioptric version; The virtual image that micro-display imager spare S1 produces gets into human eye S9 by the safety goggles reflection after relay lens S2, relay lens S3, relay lens S4, relay lens S5, relay lens S6, relay lens S7 transmission, safety goggles S8 adopts the free-form surface mirror of tire tread shape; And for leaving an axle working method; The big off-axis angle of 33 degree is provided, conveniently arranges at head, relay lens S2, relay lens S3, relay lens S4, relay lens S5, relay lens S6, relay lens S7 adopt the version of the biconvex-curved month-curved moon-biconvex-curved-curved month moon respectively; Wherein relay lens S3, relay lens S4 and relay lens S6 bend towards the micro-display device direction; Relay lens S7 is the micro-display device direction dorsad, and relay lens all adopts even time symmetrical non-spherical lens, and is a working method that leaves of eccentric inclination; Proofread and correct the part off-axis aberration that the big off-axis angle of safety goggles brings; Relay lens all adopts optical plastic simultaneously, alleviates lens weight, conveniently installs at head.Safety goggles adopts the polynomial free curved surface reflecting surface of tire tread shape respectively, and the polynomial free curved surface of tire tread shape has the more freedom degree, can reduce aberration the biglyyest, thereby promote clearness.
The version of the polynomial free curved surface of tire tread shape can be described by following polynomial expression, representes suc as formula (1), (2):
In the formula (1), Z
xBe the Sag amount of x direction, x is the x axial coordinate, k
x: x direction circular cone coefficient, c
x: the curvature of the basic sphere of x direction, A, B, C, D are multinomial coefficient, formula (1) shows that free form surface is the even order polynomial of x at the variable quantity of x direction;
Wheel the form of the foetus free form surface launches the face shape of the x direction face shape along the y direction, and y direction face shape is satisfied following formula:
Wherein, Z
yBe the Sag amount of y direction, y is the y axial coordinate, k
y: y direction circular cone coefficient, c
y: the curvature of the basic sphere of y direction.
Can find out that by formula (1), (2) compare with the idol time aspheric surface of traditional rotation symmetric form, wheel the form of the foetus free form surface is a unsymmetric form; X, y direction face shape are different fully; Thereby have more design freedom, simultaneously, in the safety goggles headgear system; Because inclination safety goggles; Can form the asymmetric of x-z face and y-z face, various aberrations such as the spherical aberration of utilizing tire tread shape free form surface can better proofread and correct this asymmetrical system to bring, coma, distortion obtain better image quality.
Among Fig. 3; Utilize the S8 inner wall surface reflection of tire tread shape; Be coated with semi-transparent semi-reflecting optical thin film in inner wall surface; The image of being come by display chip and relay optical system like this can have the inner wall surface reflection by the D1 direction, and extraneous simultaneously information also can penetrate safety goggles through the D2 direction, goes out to carry out mutual superposition at human eye.For the information by micro display chip and relay optical system, safety goggles mainly plays the concave mirror effect, focal length be on the occasion of; Be mainly used in the bore that dwindles relay optical system, reduce the size and the weight of optical system, produce big off-axis angle simultaneously; Can conveniently install at head, concave mirror adopts recessed to the human eye direction, and 33 degree that tilt are placed; The off-axis ray that field angle is big like this is after safety goggles S8 reflection is assembled; Field angle diminishes with respect to back mirror, thereby reaches the purpose that enlarges field angle, and the focal length of safety goggles S8 meets the following conditions:
1.5＜F8/F＜1.8 (3)
Wherein, F8 is the focal length of safety goggles reflecting surface S8, and F is the whole focal length of system.
Formula (3) is the focal length distributive condition of reflecting surface S8; The condition that formula (3) also must satisfy for the structure aberration balancing simultaneously; When F8/F＜1.5, one-piece construction just is difficult to proofread and correct caused aberration under the big field angle condition of object lens of large relative aperture, when F8/F＞1.8; Will strengthen the bore of follow-up optical system, make the size of total system and weight can not satisfy man-machine effect.Simultaneously, reflecting surface S8 also serves as the inching function, through moving of reflecting surface S8, remains unchanged to guarantee imaging process image planes position.
Relay lens S6, relay lens S7 are mainly used in and proofread and correct residue that reflecting surface S8 brings from an axle coma, and relay lens S7 is the aspheric surface convex lens, is falcate, bends towards the safety goggles direction, and focal length just is assigned as, and the focal length of relay lens S7 distributes and satisfies:
5.0＜F7/F＜5.5 (4)
Wherein, F7 is the focal length of back relay lens S7, and F is the whole focal length of system.
Formula (4) is the focal length distributive condition of relay lens S7; The condition that formula (4) must satisfy for the structure aberration balancing; When F7/F＜5.0, one-piece construction just is difficult to proofread and correct the caused coma of zoom under the object lens of large relative aperture condition, when F7/F＞5.5; The back work distance that will shorten system leaves, and the system rear cut-off distance of causing is not enough to satisfy condition.
Relay lens S5 is the aspheric surface biconvex lens, is mainly used in to proofread and correct astigmatism and the coma that produces from axle, and focal length just is assigned as, and the focal length distribution of relay lens S5 is satisfied:
1.6＜F5/F＜2.0 (5)
Relay lens S4 and relay lens S3 also are all and are non-spherical lens, adopt high low-refraction to arrange in pairs or groups with different dispersive glass, take certain angle of inclination simultaneously, are mainly used in to proofread and correct remaining spherical aberration and aberration;
Relay lens S2 is a biconvex lens, is mainly used in correcting distorted; The focal length of relay lens S2 distributes satisfied:
1.3＜F2/F＜1.5 (6)
Overall optical system utilizes little display surface inclination 4 degree to place; Utilize the asymmetric aberration of eccentric slant correction; The total system relative aperture is 2.0～2.2, and focal length 25～30mm has the field angle of 12～15mm emergent pupil and 40～50 degree; Can guarantee that the light that is sent by display device gets into human eye as much as possible, thus brightness and brightness uniformity that assurance is watched.
Table 1 is the detail parameters of penetration helmet display optical system:
Table 1: structure detail parameters
The position of table 1 is that the center with the eye box is a true origin, and level is a directions X towards the safety goggles direction.
Below be each item coefficient of tire tread shape free form surface:
C
x＝-1/76.76
C
y＝-100
k
x＝k
y＝0
A＝-2.91e-008
B＝1.55e-010
C＝-1.46e-013
D＝5.465e-017
Formula (1), formula (2) are seen in above-mentioned parameters definition;
Fig. 4 is the modulation transfer function of helmet display optical system of the present invention; Can reach 35 lines to more than 35% in image planes, and meridian separates with the sagitta of arc for a short time, the modulation transfer function at center is high, thereby tolerances in design is big, is easy to guarantee processing.Fig. 5 is the point range figure of the present invention in each visual field, and the left numeral is respectively the visual field size and reaches the position in image planes among the figure; Fig. 6 is the pupil surface aberration figure of the present invention in each visual field, and left side figure is the pupil surface aberration of sub-object plane among each figure, and right figure is the pupil surface aberration of sagittal surface.
Claims (2)
1. penetration helmet mounted display device based on the free form surface safety goggles; It is characterized in that comprising micro-display imager spare (S1), free form surface safety goggles (S8), helmet helmet body (S10), relay lens group (S21); The dead ahead of helmet helmet body (S10) is provided with free form surface safety goggles (S8); The dead ahead of helmet helmet body (S10), free form surface safety goggles (S8) both sides, top are provided with micro-display imager spare (S1) and relay lens group (S21) respectively; Two relay lens group (S21) angle of inclination, 42 degree are arranged; Relay lens group (S21) comprises first relay lens (S2), second relay lens (S3), the 3rd relay lens (S4), the 4th relay lens (S5), the 5th relay lens (S6), the 6th relay lens (S7), and first relay lens (S2) is placed from micro-display imager spare (S1) beginning with second relay lens (S3), the 3rd relay lens (S4), the 4th relay lens (S5), the 5th relay lens (S6), the 6th relay lens (S7) in order; Described free form surface safety goggles (S8) adopts the tire tread shape free form surface from the axle working method; Off-axis angle with 33 degree; The reflecting surface focal length of free form surface safety goggles (S8) is for just; The focal length distribution meets the following conditions: 1.5＜F8/F＜1.8, and F8 is the focal length of free form surface safety goggles (S8), F is the focal length of relay lens group (S21); Described first relay lens (S2) is a biconvex lens; Second relay lens (S3) is that meniscus lens, the 3rd relay lens (S4) are meniscus lens for biconvex lens, the 5th relay lens (S6) for meniscus lens, the 6th relay lens (S7) for meniscus lens, the 4th relay lens (S5), and the focal length of the 6th relay lens (S7) satisfies: 5.0＜F7/F＜5.5; Wherein, F7 is the focal length of the 6th relay lens (S7), and F is the focal length of relay lens group (S21); The 4th relay lens (S5) focal length is for just, and focal length satisfies: 1.6＜F5/F＜2.0, wherein; F5 is the focal length of the 4th relay lens (S5), and F is the focal length of relay lens group (S21); Described relay lens group (S21) and free form surface safety goggles (S8) synthesize focal length 25～30mm; The optical texture that described micro-display imager spare (S1), free form surface safety goggles (S8), relay lens group (S21) are formed has the field angle of 12～15mm emergent pupil and 40～50 degree, and its relative aperture is 2.0～2.2.
2. a kind of penetration helmet mounted display device based on the free form surface safety goggles according to claim 1 is characterized in that described micro-display imager spare (S1) inclination 4～6 degree placements.
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| GB2577327A (en) * | 2018-09-24 | 2020-03-25 | Wave Optics Ltd | Device for augmented reality or virtual reality display |
| CN112558292A (en) * | 2020-10-09 | 2021-03-26 | 天津大学 | Small optical system capable of switching virtual and real imaging |
| CN116643409B (en) * | 2023-07-18 | 2023-10-20 | 沂普光电(天津)有限公司 | Optical display system of AR head display |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100386725B1 (en) * | 2000-07-31 | 2003-06-09 | 주식회사 대양이앤씨 | Optical System for Head Mount Display |
| CN100367074C (en) * | 2003-10-27 | 2008-02-06 | 深圳国际技术创新研究院 | Spectacle type display device |
| JP2005202060A (en) * | 2004-01-14 | 2005-07-28 | Olympus Corp | Observation optical system |
| CN100526936C (en) * | 2006-03-09 | 2009-08-12 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Optical imaging system for helmet display |
| CN101359089B (en) * | 2008-10-08 | 2010-08-11 | 北京理工大学 | Optical system of light and small-sized big angular field free curved surface prism helmet display |
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