CN112558292A - Small optical system capable of switching virtual and real imaging - Google Patents
Small optical system capable of switching virtual and real imaging Download PDFInfo
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- CN112558292A CN112558292A CN202011071839.6A CN202011071839A CN112558292A CN 112558292 A CN112558292 A CN 112558292A CN 202011071839 A CN202011071839 A CN 202011071839A CN 112558292 A CN112558292 A CN 112558292A
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000012634 optical imaging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 210000001747 pupil Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 201000009310 astigmatism Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000013441 quality evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004556 brain Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/0025—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for optical correction, e.g. distorsion, aberration
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
Abstract
The invention relates to the fields of visual optical imaging, virtual reality imaging and the like, aims to enable an observer to more flexibly switch the receiving between real information and virtual information and enhance the visual feeling of the observer when receiving the virtual reality information, and aims to provide an imaging optical system applicable to virtual reality. The invention adopts the technical scheme that a small optical system capable of switching virtual and real imaging is composed of a light path turning device and an optical imaging device, an LCOS (liquid crystal on silicon) micro display chip is used as an image plane, and the pupil of human eyes is used as an object plane; there is an angular offset θ between the optical axis of the system and the entrance pupil, and the field of view of the system is less than 10 °. The TONG-in diameter of the system is slightly larger than the pupil diameter of the human eye and is below 8 mm. The invention is mainly applied to the optical imaging occasions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the fields of visual optical imaging, virtual reality imaging and the like, in particular to a small optical system capable of switching virtual imaging and real imaging.
Background
Virtual Reality (VR) utilizes real-life data, and combines electronic signals generated by computer technology with various output devices to transform them into phenomena that can be perceived by the human eye. The phenomenon from VR felt by human eyes can be a true real object in reality or a substance invisible to the naked eyes. With the continuous development of social productivity and scientific technology, the demand of virtual reality technology for various industries is increasingly strong, and Head-mounted displays (HMDs) based on VR imaging are gradually moving into the field of view of the public. HMDs were originally applied in the military field, but as technology advances and the level of mass living increases, HMDs are now being used more in the mass-based areas of life and entertainment. The virtual imaging optical system applied to the HMD can transmit an optical signal emitted by a microdisplay such as LCOS (liquid crystal on silicon) into the pupil of the eye of an observer, so that the brain of the observer receives the virtual information and simultaneously cuts off the receiving condition of the observer for external background information, and the observer is immersed in the environment generated by the virtual information to experience the truest feeling.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, enable an observer to more flexibly switch the receiving between the real information and the virtual information and enhance the visual feeling of the observer when receiving the virtual reality information, the invention aims to provide an imaging optical system applicable to virtual reality. The invention adopts the technical scheme that a small optical system capable of switching virtual and real imaging is composed of a light path turning device and an optical imaging device, an LCOS (liquid crystal on silicon) micro display chip is used as an image plane, and the pupil of human eyes is used as an object plane; there is an angular offset θ between the optical axis of the system and the entrance pupil, and the field of view of the system is less than 10 °. The TONG-in diameter of the system is slightly larger than the pupil diameter of the human eye and is below 8 mm.
Various aberrations of the system are corrected in the visible light band by optical element parameter optimization.
The optical path turning device is a plane reflector, and has a deflection theta of axial eccentric distance and angle with the optical axis of the system, wherein the eccentric distance is l.tan theta, and l is the axial distance between the entrance pupil and the reflector.
The optical imaging system consists of a double-cemented lens, a double-convex lens and a double-concave lens; the LCOS micro display chip with the pixel size of 4.7 mu m multiplied by 14.1 mu m and the screen diagonal length of 0.44inch is used as an image surface to optimize the light path and correct the aberration.
In the optimization process of the optical imaging device, the curvature of the last lens of the system is set to be an F number solution, the F number is the reciprocal of the relative aperture, and the range of the F number is 2-4.
In the optimization process of the optical imaging device, the cutoff receiving frequency of a Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) and the radius of a diffuse spot are comprehensively used as an evaluation basis of image quality, and when the cutoff receiving frequency of the MTF of the system is larger than 108lp/mm and is matched with the pixel size of a used LCOS (liquid crystal on silicon) micro display chip and the radius of the diffuse spot is smaller than the radius of an airy disk, the image quality of the system reaches the design requirement.
The number of lenses of the optical system is less than 3, and the total length of the system is less than 80 mm.
The invention has the characteristics and beneficial effects that:
because the invention adopts, the radius of the diffuse spots on the image surface of the formed field of view is smaller than that of the Airy spots, and the diffraction limit is reached; the mode values of Optical Transfer Function (OTF) of the MTF curve at the LCOS limit resolution frequency of 108lp/mm are all larger than 0.3, and the resolution limit is reached; as can be seen from the field curvature and distortion diagram, the field curvature, astigmatism and distortion of the optical system are well corrected.
Description of the drawings:
fig. 1 is a light path diagram of an imaging optical system applied to virtual reality according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a light path diagram of the optical imaging apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a layout diagram of key components in the optical imaging apparatus of the present invention. (a) An aspherical lens; (b) a double cemented lens.
Fig. 4 is an image quality evaluation chart in the optical imaging apparatus of the present invention. (a) A dot-column diagram; (b) MTF; (c) field curvature and distortion maps.
Fig. 5 is an overall structural view of the optical imaging system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution adopted by the invention is as follows:
the optical system design applicable to virtual reality imaging is completed by adopting a scheme of reverse design of an optical path, taking an LCOS (liquid Crystal on silicon) micro display chip as an image plane and taking the pupil of human eyes as an object plane. The optical system consists of two parts, namely an optical path turning device and an optical imaging device. The optical axis of the imaging system is at an angle theta (e.g., 25 deg.) to the entrance pupil, and the field of view of the system is designed to be small (e.g., 10 deg.). The aperture of the system is designed to be small, the TONG-in diameter is slightly larger than the pupil diameter (such as 8mm) of a human eye, and various aberrations of the system are corrected through optical element parameter optimization in a visible light wave band.
The main component of the optical path turning device is a plane reflector, and the plane reflector has axial eccentricity with a certain distance from the optical axis of the system and directional deflection theta with a certain angle, so that an observer can more flexibly switch the receiving between real information and virtual information.
The optical imaging system consists of a double-cemented lens, a double-convex lens and a double-concave lens. LCOS (liquid crystal on silicon) micro display chip with the pixel size of 4.7 mu m multiplied by 14.1 mu m and the screen diagonal length of 0.44inch is used as an image plane to optimize the light path and correct the aberration.
In the optimization process of the optical imaging device, the curvature of the last lens of the system is set to be an F number solution, the range of the F number is 2-4, and the purpose is to eliminate the influence of stray light outside a small aperture and a small view field on the transmission of virtual information.
In the optimization process of the optical imaging device, the cutoff receiving frequency of a Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) and the radius of a diffuse spot are integrated to serve as the evaluation basis of image quality. When the cut-off receiving frequency of MTF of the system is larger than 108lp/mm (matched with the pixel size of the LCOS micro display chip used), and the radius of the diffuse spot is smaller than that of the airy disk, the image quality of the system meets the design requirement.
In the optimization process of the optical imaging device, the number of lenses of the optical system is smaller than 3, the total length of the system is smaller than 80mm, and the practical requirements of light weight and small volume of the visual optical system are met.
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the direction deflection θ of the optical axis and the entrance pupil of the imaging optical system applied to virtual reality of the present invention has a certain angle, which facilitates switching of the reception between real information and virtual information by the observer. When the observation direction of the observer is right ahead, the observer can avoid the virtual information reflected by the plane reflector and receive the environment information output by the real world; when the viewer's viewing direction deviates from the straight ahead by θ (e.g., 35 °), the viewer can completely receive the virtual information output from the LCOS via the plane mirror.
As shown in fig. 1, the optical system applied to virtual reality imaging of the present invention is composed of two parts, namely, an optical path turning device and an optical imaging device. The optical axis of the optical system and the plane reflector have a certain distance of axial eccentricity and a certain angle of direction deflection theta. The aperture of the optical system is set to a small aperture, i.e. the diameter of the tone-in is slightly larger than the diameter of the pupil of the human eye, and the field of view of the optical system is set to a small field of view.
As shown in fig. 2, the optical imaging device of the present invention is composed of a double cemented lens (surfaces 3-5), an aspherical biconvex lens (6-7), and a biconcave lens (8-9). Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of processing a double cemented lens and an aspheric lens, respectively. The optical imaging device is composed of only three lenses, and the requirement of light weight of a visual optical system is met.
As shown in fig. 4, it can be seen from the image quality evaluation chart of the optical imaging apparatus of the present invention that: the image surface diffuse spot radiuses of 5 fields are all smaller than the Airy spot radius, and the diffraction limit is reached; the mode values of Optical Transfer Function (OTF) of the MTF curve at the LCOS limit resolution frequency of 108lp/mm are all larger than 0.3, and the resolution limit is reached; as can be seen from the field curvature and distortion diagram, the field curvature, astigmatism and distortion of the optical system are well corrected.
As shown in fig. 5, the total length of the optical imaging device is 71mm, and the total axial length after the optical path turning device is added is 61mm, so as to meet the external volume requirement of the visual optical system.
Claims (7)
1. A small optical system capable of switching virtual and real imaging is characterized by comprising a light path turning device and an optical imaging device, wherein an LCOS (liquid Crystal on silicon) micro display chip is used as an image plane, and the pupil of human eyes is used as an object plane; there is an angular offset θ between the optical axis of the system and the entrance pupil, and the field of view of the system is less than 10 °. The TONG-in diameter of the system is slightly larger than the pupil diameter of the human eye and is below 8 mm.
2. A switchable virtual and real imaging compact optical system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the various aberrations of the system are corrected in the visible wavelength band by optimization of optical element parameters.
3. A compact optical system switchable virtual and real imaging as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that said optical path deflecting means is a plane mirror, and that there is an axial eccentricity and angular deviation θ from the optical axis of the system, the eccentricity being l · tan θ, and l being the axial distance between the entrance pupil and the mirror.
4. The switchable virtual and real imaging compact optical system of claim 1, wherein the optical imaging system is comprised of a double cemented lens, a double convex lens and a double concave lens; the LCOS micro display chip with the pixel size of 4.7 mu m multiplied by 14.1 mu m and the screen diagonal length of 0.44inch is used as an image surface to optimize the light path and correct the aberration.
5. The switchable virtual and real imaging compact optical system of claim 1, wherein during the optimization of the optical imaging device, the curvature of the last lens of the system is set to an F-number solution, wherein the F-number is the reciprocal of the relative aperture, and wherein the F-number is in the range of 2 to 4.
6. The switchable virtual and real imaging small optical system as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the optimization process of the optical imaging device, the cutoff reception frequency of the modulation transfer function MTF (modulation transfer function) and the radius of the diffuse spot are integrated as the evaluation basis of the image quality, when the cutoff reception frequency of the MTF of the system is greater than 108lp/mm and matched with the pixel size of the LCOS micro-display chip, and the radius of the diffuse spot is smaller than the airy spot radius, the system is set.
7. A switchable virtual and real imaging compact optical system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the number of lenses of the optical system is less than 3 and the total length of the system is less than 80 mm.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011071839.6A CN112558292A (en) | 2020-10-09 | 2020-10-09 | Small optical system capable of switching virtual and real imaging |
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| CN202011071839.6A CN112558292A (en) | 2020-10-09 | 2020-10-09 | Small optical system capable of switching virtual and real imaging |
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2020
- 2020-10-09 CN CN202011071839.6A patent/CN112558292A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (14)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
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| CN101424788A (en) * | 2008-12-09 | 2009-05-06 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Glasses type climbing helmet display optical system |
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