CN113448098B - Light full-color free curved surface-volume holographic visual optical imaging device and near-to-eye display system thereof - Google Patents

Light full-color free curved surface-volume holographic visual optical imaging device and near-to-eye display system thereof Download PDF

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CN113448098B
CN113448098B CN202110663579.XA CN202110663579A CN113448098B CN 113448098 B CN113448098 B CN 113448098B CN 202110663579 A CN202110663579 A CN 202110663579A CN 113448098 B CN113448098 B CN 113448098B
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optical element
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CN113448098A (en
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吴仍茂
戴宜捷
杨琳
舒天
丁章浩
刘映利
李海峰
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0101Head-up displays characterised by optical features
    • G02B27/0103Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising holographic elements
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0101Head-up displays characterised by optical features
    • G02B27/0103Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising holographic elements
    • G02B2027/0105Holograms with particular structures
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0101Head-up displays characterised by optical features
    • G02B2027/0112Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising device for genereting colour display
    • G02B2027/0116Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising device for genereting colour display comprising devices for correcting chromatic aberration
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0101Head-up displays characterised by optical features
    • G02B2027/0132Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising binocular systems
    • G02B2027/0134Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising binocular systems of stereoscopic type

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Abstract

The invention relates to a light full-color free-form surface-volume holographic visual optical imaging device and a near-to-eye display system thereof, wherein the system is formed by combining two visual optical imaging devices which are in mirror symmetry, each visual optical imaging device comprises 3 optical lenses, 1 glass flat plate, 1 reflector, 2 volume holographic optical elements and 1 image display, and image optical signals sent by the image display pass through the optical system and are finally reflected by the volume holographic optical elements to enter human eyes. The holographic optical element breaks through the traditional catadioptric law and can realize large-angle unconventional catadioptric, so that the volume and the weight of the whole system are greatly reduced, and the color difference can be corrected by matching the two pieces of holographic optical elements to realize full-color display. Meanwhile, light rays in the transmission direction can be normally transmitted to enter human eyes, so that ultrathin and light binocular near-to-eye display is realized.

Description

Light full-color free curved surface-volume holographic visual optical imaging device and near-to-eye display system thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of visual display, in particular to a light full-color free-form surface-volume holographic visual optical imaging device and a near-to-eye display system thereof.
Background
Augmented Reality (hereinafter referred to as AR) is a technology for superimposing virtual information on real world information, enriches various perception effects including vision, hearing, touch, smell and the like, and has great market application value in multimedia entertainment, military, industry, medical treatment and other fields.
Holographic Optical Elements (HOEs) are used in lightweight AR devices, which are Optical elements made according to the principle of holography. Typically on a photosensitive film material. The action is based on the principle of diffraction and is a diffractive optical element.
The key to AR devices is the immersive experience of the user. Miniaturization, lightweight, large field of view, and high performance are current trends in AR devices. The existing near-eye display device adopts various schemes, such as a free-form surface waveguide scheme of Epson, a Lumus array waveguide scheme, a coaxial side view prism scheme of Google Glass, a holographic grating scheme of Hololens, and the like. The volume holographic optical element breaks through the traditional reflection law as a holographic optical element and can realize large-angle unconventional reflection, so that the volume and the weight of the whole system are greatly reduced, the miniaturization and the light weight are possible, and the free curved surface is very flexible in regulating and controlling the aberration, so that the free curved surface and the volume holographic optical element are combined, and the design of the light full-color free curved surface-volume holographic visual optical imaging device and the near-to-eye display system thereof is very significant.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a light full-color free-form surface-volume holographic visual optical imaging device and a near-to-eye display system thereof.
The invention relates to a light RGB free-form surface-volume holographic visual optical imaging device and a near-to-eye display system thereof, which are characterized by comprising 3 optical lenses, 1 glass flat plate, 1 reflector, 2 volume holographic optical elements and 1 image display;
the image signal light emitted by the image display sequentially passes through the first optical lens, the second optical lens, the glass flat plate and the first integral holographic optical element, wherein when the light enters the first integral holographic optical element through the glass flat plate, the incidence angle does not meet the incidence relation of the first integral holographic optical element; the light rays are reflected to the first holographic optical element through the reflector, the incident angle of the light rays meets the incident relation designed by the first holographic optical element, the light rays are reflected to the third optical lens through the first holographic optical element and are transmitted to the second holographic optical element through the third optical lens, the incident relation designed by the second holographic optical element is met when the light rays are incident to the second holographic optical element, and the light rays are reflected to human eyes through the second holographic optical element;
ambient light enters human eyes after being transmitted by the spectacle lens and the second volume holographic optical element, and when the ambient light enters the second volume holographic optical element, the incidence angle does not meet the incidence relation of the second volume holographic optical element.
Preferably, the first optical lens, the second optical lens and the third optical lens are all free-form surface lenses.
Preferably, the first integral holographic optical element is attached to the second face of the glass plate.
Preferably, the second volume holographic optical element is attached to the spectacle lens.
Preferably, the mirror is a free-form surface mirror.
Preferably, a 2-piece holographic optical element is used in the system to correct chromatic aberration and realize RGB display.
Preferably, the exit pupil distance of the visual optical imaging device is 30 mm.
Preferably, the first optical lens material is OKP4HT, the second optical lens material is PMMA _ specific, the third optical lens material is OKP4HT, and the material of the glass plate in the first assembly is BK9_ OHARA.
Preferably, when light enters the first integral holographic optical element for the first time through the glass flat plate, the incident angle is 0-10 degrees, and the designed incident relation is not met;
when the light is reflected to the first integral holographic optical element by the reflector, the incident angle is 30-60 degrees, and the designed incident relation of the first integral holographic optical element is met;
when the light is transmitted to the second volume holographic optical element through the third optical lens, the incident angle is 30-60 degrees, and the designed incident relation of the second volume holographic optical element is met;
ambient light is incident on the second volume holographic optical element through the glasses lens, the incident angle is 0-10 degrees, and the incident relation designed by the second volume holographic optical element is not met.
Preferably, the image display is any one of LCD, OLED, LCOS type micro display elements, and is an RGB color image display.
The invention also discloses a near-to-eye display system which comprises two visual optical imaging devices which are arranged in left-right mirror symmetry.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the visual optical imaging device, the volume of the system is greatly reduced by using the volume holographic optical element, so that the system has a light and thin structure, and binocular three-dimensional near-to-eye display can be realized; the chromatic aberration of the system is corrected through the two holographic optical elements, and RGB three-color display can be realized; the system exit pupil location is near the human eye; and the exit pupil is larger, thus improving the immersion of the user.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an optical path diagram of a visual optical imaging apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIGS. 2A, 2B, and 2C are three-color MTF graphs of the system R, G, B, respectively, according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIGS. 3A, 3B, and 3C are three-color distortion graphs of a system R, G, B, respectively, according to an embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure, 11 image display, 12 first optical lens, 121 first optical lens front surface, 122 first optical lens back surface, 13 second optical lens, 131 second optical lens front surface, 132 second optical lens back surface, 14 glass plate, 141 glass plate front surface, 142 glass plate back surface, 15 first volume holographic optical element, 16 mirror, 17 third optical lens, 171 third optical lens front surface, 172 third optical lens back surface, 18 second volume holographic optical element, 19 spectacle lens.
Detailed Description
The present invention may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth below, but rather, this embodiment is provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of the invention to those skilled in the art.
The visual optical imaging device for a binocular near-eye display system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes two sets of left and right visual optical imaging devices with respect to a human eye, and hereinafter, a specific embodiment of the present invention will be described with the visual optical imaging device on the left side with respect to the human eye as a specific description object, and it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the visual optical imaging device on the right side has the same configuration as that on the left side, but is a left-right mirror image.
As shown in fig. 1, the left side visual optical system of the embodiment of the present invention includes an image display 11, a first optical lens 12, a second optical lens 13, a glass flat plate 14, a first volume hologram optical element 15, a mirror 16, a third optical lens 17, a second volume hologram optical element 18, and an eyeglass lens 19. An RGB color image signal generated by an image display 11 is incident to a first holographic optical element 15 after passing through a first optical lens 12, a second optical lens 13 and a glass plate 14, the incident angle of the light on the first holographic optical element 15 is 0-10 DEG, because the incident relation designed by the first holographic optical element 15 is not satisfied, the light penetrates through the first holographic optical element 15, and then is reflected to the first holographic optical element 15 again through a reflecting mirror 16, the incident angle of the light is 30-60 DEG, because the incident relation designed by the first holographic optical element 15 is satisfied, the light is incident to the first holographic optical element 11 and does not transmit, but the image is reflected to a third optical lens 17 through the first holographic optical element 11, and is transmitted to a second holographic optical element 18 through the third optical lens 17, because the incident angle of the light is 30-60 DEG, the incidence relation designed by the second volume holographic optical element 18 is still satisfied, and the light rays incident on the second volume holographic optical element 18 are not transmitted, but are reflected by the second volume holographic optical element 18 to enter the eyes of the user and form images. On the other hand, ambient light is incident on the second volume hologram optical element 18 through the spectacle lens 19, and the incident angle is 0 to 10 °, and the incident relation designed by the second volume hologram optical element 18 is not satisfied, so that light enters the human eye after passing through the second volume hologram optical element 18, and optical transmission type near-to-eye display is realized.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the surfaces of the mirrors 16 are free-form surfaces, the first volume hologram optical element 15 is attached to the rear surface 142 of the glass plate, the front surface 141 and the rear surface 142 of the glass plate are flat surfaces, and the second volume hologram optical element 18 is attached to the eyeglasses 19, on 6 surfaces 121, 122, 131, 132, 171, and 172 of the 3 optical lenses.
In the embodiment of the present invention, three optical lenses 12, 13 and 17 are sequentially passed in the direction in which light travels, and as a preferable aspect of the present embodiment, the first optical lens 12 is made of OKP4HT, the second optical lens 13 is made of PMMA _ specific, the third optical lens 17 is made of OKP4HT, and the glass plate 14 is made of BK9_ OHARA.
According to the visual optical imaging device, the volume holographic optical element breaks through the traditional reflection law, large-angle unconventional reflection can be realized, the volume of the system is greatly reduced, and the system has a light and thin structure; the chromatic aberration of the system is corrected by the two-piece holographic optical element, and RGB color display can be realized. When a holographic optical element is manufactured, the holographic optical element is usually exposed to object light and reference light emitted from a point light source. In order to adapt the system to RGB three-color light, different object light and reference light are respectively used for exposing the volume holographic optical element aiming at the RGB three-color light, and parameters of other optical elements are kept unchanged during design.
Various optical surface parameters according to embodiments of the present invention can be represented by table 1 below, where a reverse design approach is used, i.e., a reverse tracking of the actual light propagation from the eye position. Table 2 shows XY polynomial free-form surface coefficients of the front surface 121, the back surface 122 in the first optical lens, the front surface 131, the back surface 132 in the second optical lens, the reflecting mirror 16, the front surface 171 and the back surface 172 in the third optical lens. Table 3A shows the positional parameters of the object light and the reference light when the first volume hologram optical element 15 is manufactured for the RGB three-color light, and table 3B shows the positional parameters of the object light and the reference light when the second volume hologram optical element 18 is manufactured for the RGB three-color light:
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0003116229750000051
TABLE 2
Parameter(s) Surface 172 Surface 171 Noodle 16
R -60 198.3684303 -45.17085588
K -15 -100 -2.779370502
C 10 0 0 0
C 01 0 0 0
C20 0.023863317 0.007317562 -6.69E-07
C
11 0 0 0
C02 -0.00052276 -0.005405286 0.002507243
C 30 0 0 0
C21 -0.000764842 3.26E-05 0.000382718
C 12 0 0 0
C03 -0.000157626 0.000157281 -2.85E-05
C40 -5.81E-05 -3.79E-05 4.22E-06
C
31 0 0 0
C22 5.81E-05 9.54E-05 -1.25E-05
C
13 0 0 0
C04 -5.84E-06 -8.35E-08 9.58E-06
C 50 0 0 0
C41 9.25E-06 1.23E-05 -4.15E-08
C
32 0 0 0
C23 4.12E-07 -4.05E-07 4.05E-06
C
14 0 0 0
C05 2.17E-07 4.15E-08 3.45E-07
C
60 0 0 5.89E-11
C
51 0 0 0
C 42 0 0 4.25E-08
C
33 0 0 0
C 24 0 0 -5.88E-08
C
15 0 0 0
C 06 0 0 1.35E-08
Figure BDA0003116229750000061
Figure BDA0003116229750000071
The XY polynomial free-form surface equation describing the free-form surface is:
Figure BDA0003116229750000081
wherein R is the curvature radius of each surface, x, y, z are coordinates of points on the surface, K is the quadratic coefficient of the surface, C(m,n)Is a corresponding polynomial term xmynThe coefficient of (a).
TABLE 3A
Figure BDA0003116229750000082
TABLE 3B
Figure BDA0003116229750000083
The second volume holographic optical element 18 is arranged right opposite to human eyes, the diameter of an exit pupil of the second volume holographic optical element is 10mm, the exit pupil is large, and the immersion feeling of a user is improved; and the effective exit pupil distance of the binocular near-eye display system can reach 30 mm.
The field of view of the embodiment of the invention is equivalent to the field of view generated by an object plane with the size of 347mm multiplied by 611mm at the position of 2 m; the field of view size, exit pupil diameter and exit pupil distance of the system can be represented by table 4,
TABLE 4
Visual field size (2m place) Diameter of exit pupil Distance of exit pupil
347mm×611mm 10mm 30mm
The MTF graphs of the imaging system of the invention about RGB three colors are shown in the attached figure 2A, figure 2B and figure 2C; MTF of each field of the system reaches more than 20% of 80 line pairs on an image surface, namely MTF value of each curve at 80lp/mm in the graph is larger than 0.2, and curve separation of a meridian (Y) component and a sagittal (X) component shown in the graph is small, so that the system meets design requirements and imaging quality is good.
Distortion figures of the imaging system of the present invention with respect to the three colors RGB are shown in fig. 3A, 3B and 3C; the grid part formed by straight lines is an ideal position on an image surface, and the position of the intersection point with the asterisk is a distorted graphic representation of a simulated actual system; due to the large field of view, there is some barrel distortion, but the basic imaging quality requirements.
The image display 11 as the image source element in the present invention can be adapted to a high PPI micro display element such as LCD, OLED, LCOS, etc.
And further, the front surface and the back surface of the three lenses are XY polynomial free-form surfaces. The optical structure of the present invention is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art will appreciate that other structural forms may be used to meet the needs of the present invention, for example, other surface types may be used, or more optical polarizers may be used to achieve higher image quality.
The foregoing is illustrative of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting thereof in any way. Any simple modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiments by a technical substance of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A light full-color free-form surface-volume holographic visual optical imaging device is characterized by comprising 3 optical lenses, 1 glass flat plate, 1 reflector, 2 volume holographic optical elements and 1 image display;
the image signal light emitted by the image display (11) sequentially passes through a first optical lens (12), a second optical lens (13), a glass flat plate (14) and a first integral holographic optical element (15), wherein when the light enters the first integral holographic optical element through the glass flat plate (14), the incidence angle does not meet the incidence relation of the first integral holographic optical element; the light is reflected to the first volume holographic optical element (15) through the reflector (16), the incidence angle of the light at the moment meets the incidence relation designed by the first volume holographic optical element, the light is reflected to the third optical lens (17) through the first volume holographic optical element (15), and is transmitted to the second volume holographic optical element (18) through the third optical lens (17), the incidence relation designed by the second volume holographic optical element is met when the light is incident to the second volume holographic optical element, and the light is finally reflected to the human eye through the second volume holographic optical element (18);
ambient light is transmitted through the spectacle lens (19) and the second volume hologram optical element (18) and then enters the human eye, and when the ambient light enters the second volume hologram optical element, the incident angle does not satisfy the incidence relation of the second volume hologram optical element.
2. The visual optical imaging apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first optical lens, the second optical lens, and the third optical lens are free-form surface lenses.
3. A visual optical imaging device according to claim 1 wherein the front (141) and back (142) surfaces of the glass plate are planar and said first integral holographic optical element is attached to the back (142) surface of the glass plate.
4. A visual optical imaging device according to claim 1, wherein said second volume holographic optical element is affixed to an eyeglass lens (19); the second volume holographic optical element is arranged opposite to human eyes, and the diameter of the exit pupil of the second volume holographic optical element is 10 mm.
5. A visual optical imaging apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein said mirror is a free-form surface mirror.
6. The visual optical imaging device of claim 1, wherein said visual optical imaging device has an exit pupil distance of 30 mm.
7. The visual optical imaging device of claim 1 or 3, wherein the first optical lens material is OKP4HT, the second optical lens material is PMMA _ specific, the third optical lens material is OKP4HT, and the material of the glass plate in the first assembly is BK9_ OHARA.
8. A visual optical imaging device according to claim 1 wherein the first time light is incident on said first integral holographic optical element through the glass plate (14) the angle of incidence is 0 to 10 ° not satisfying its designed incidence relationship;
when the light is reflected to the first integral holographic optical element (15) through the reflector (16), the incident angle is 30-60 degrees, and the designed incident relation of the first integral holographic optical element is met;
when the light rays are transmitted to the second volume holographic optical element (18) through the third optical lens (17), the incident angle is 30-60 degrees, and the designed incident relation of the second volume holographic optical element is met;
ambient light is incident on the second volume holographic optical element through the glasses lens, the incident angle is 0-10 degrees, and the incident relation designed by the second volume holographic optical element is not met.
9. The visual optical imaging device of claim 1, wherein the image display is any one of an LCD, OLED, LCOS type microdisplay element and is an RGB color image display.
10. A near-to-eye display system comprising two ocular optical imaging devices according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein the two ocular optical imaging devices are mirror images of each other.
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