CN102914871B - The binary optical system of canister respirator Helmet Mounted Display - Google Patents
The binary optical system of canister respirator Helmet Mounted Display Download PDFInfo
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- CN102914871B CN102914871B CN201210457111.6A CN201210457111A CN102914871B CN 102914871 B CN102914871 B CN 102914871B CN 201210457111 A CN201210457111 A CN 201210457111A CN 102914871 B CN102914871 B CN 102914871B
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Abstract
The invention discloses the binary optical system of a kind of canister respirator Helmet Mounted Display, adopting a binary optical holographic facet reflecting mirror and relay system composition, reflecting mirror has holographic facet, and light sends from miniature display screen, sequentially pass through relay system, reflecting mirror, finally carry out human eye pupil place.And the inclination angle of the chief ray of the mechanical axis of reflecting mirror and zero visual field is zero.It is an advantage of the current invention that: system bulk is little, lightweight, owing to the inclination angle of the mechanical axis of reflecting mirror and the chief ray of zero visual field is zero, and be holographic facet, the dual pathways can be realized show, owing to adopting dual pathways mode to show, whole Helmet Mounted Display is minimum to the stop in the visual field, and when watching, human eye can not need deflection angle, improves comfortableness.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to optical system, specifically the optical system of a kind of Helmet Mounted Display.
Background technology
Helmet Mounted Display (HeadMountedDisplay) is called for short HMD and is divided into half throwing type and full throwing type, image produced by small two-dimension display can be amplified by it via optical system, collimated image is shown to infinity or enough remote place, becomes the effect screen of tens of meters outside several meters.Owing to head-wearing display device is arranged on the head of observer, therefore it must compact and lightweight, to alleviate the load of observer.Along with the increase observing visual field, range of observation also can increase, and observer could the dynamic image of more absorbed observation high-quality.For head-mounted display system, big visual field is also considerable.The visual field of optical system, exit pupil diameter, be the relation of restriction mutually between focal length three, reach big visual field, big exit pupil diameter and short focus extremely difficult simultaneously.
Nineteen sixty-eight first Helmet Mounted Display truly in the world is military helmet display, i.e. " sword of Damocles " Helmet Mounted Display of U.S. ARPA Information Processing Technology Office director IvanSutherland exploitation.Originally it was mainly opportunity of combat and battlebus driver was equipped with; and now; be no matter the worn helmet of fighter plane, helicopter or individual soldier it not singly protection device; several functions is condensed upon in the helmet by the science and technology developed rapidly; become the competent assistant helping the equipment such as user operating aircraft, aiming, acquisition cartographic information, be the important tie between user and its weapon, base.It addition, the status that civilian Helmet Mounted Display is in virtual technology application system is also particularly significant.Owing to display system is mounted on the helmet, therefore that weight and volume requirement is very high, additionally if individual soldier uses, then tightened up requirement is proposed reliability.Although GB and national military standard not to the emergent pupil of optical system from there is no definite requirement; but the 3.2.3.4 of " GJB_1323-1991_ optical observation instrument general specification " points out: determine distance of exit pupil or clear eye distance according to the purposes of product; protection operator's eyes are not wounded, and also can observe when putting on canister respirator.
Helmet Mounted Display (HMD) is as portable display, and it can make staff be liberated.On-the-spot at dangerous core biochemical (NBC), soldier or engineering staff generally to carry professional equipment, maintenance tool, weapon, or to bear the wounded, or need climbing etc., and again often and the external world carry out video communication, the now liberation of both hands has very big meaning.It addition, the environment at NBC scene is more severe, complicated, being generally accompanied by dense smoke, thick fog, the sight line of staff is hindered, and maintenance work and search-and-rescue work are brought difficulty.If being equipped with thermal imaging system, the first-class imaging device of night vision camera to HMD, the work efficiency of staff can be greatly improved, reduce its degree of danger.
Holographic optical elements (HOE) (HolographicOpticalElement, HOE) is a kind of diffraction optical element (DiffractiveOpticalElement, DOE).The dispersion of diffraction imaging optical element has negative tropism, and unrelated with material, and this is very beneficial for achromatism, it is possible to same to refracting element.Diffraction optical element is as a kind of imaging optic element, the arbitrary phase distribution possessed, especial dispersion, flattened field and thin component character determine its status in imaging optical system and effect. and roll over/spread out hybrid imaging system and take full advantage of conventional geometric optical element and the respective advantage of diffraction optical element, can effectively simplify optical system structure, alleviate weight, reduce volume and improve image quality, realize many tradition inaccessiable targets of image optics, it is the major transformation to tradition image optics. first the advantage rolling over/spread out hybrid imaging system makes it in military affairs, high-tech optical imaging system in space industry is applied.
It is published in " IFAWC2006, MobileResearchCenter, TZIUniversityBremen.Germany " article " HeadMountedDisplayforFireFighters " (display that fireman wears) on (Bremen, Germany university Olds moves research center IFAWC2006), for the HMD system designed for fireman, also relates to the HMD system of NBC operator, this HMD is formula of entirely throwing, and it only has single channel, it is impossible to watch external information simultaneously.And it is in order to reduce block vision, the zero visual field chief ray of HMD is a lot of with human eye straight ahead gaze direction deflection angle, and human eye needs to rotate very wide-angle when viewing, and long-time viewing can be very tired.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is aiming at the deficiency of present technology, it is provided that the binary optical system of a kind of Helmet Mounted Display based on canister respirator, and it has the dual pathways, effectively can improve picture element by aberration correction, possess best man-machine efficacy.
The present invention solves above-mentioned technical problem by the following technical solutions: the binary optical system of the canister respirator Helmet Mounted Display of the present invention adopts a binary optical holographic facet reflecting mirror and relay system composition, reflecting mirror has holographic facet, the centre wavelength of miniature display screen had high reflectance, the beam energy of other wavelength, to be transmitted as master, so can reach twin-channel purpose.Owing to the free space of canister respirator is smaller, the reflecting mirror of other designs is placed in position on the lower side, human eye straight ahead gaze direction, and the reflecting mirror of the present invention is placed in position on human eye straight ahead gaze direction, relay system and miniature display screen and is placed in the side of the number of people.
Preferably, described reflecting mirror is sphere holographic facet, and described reflecting mirror is to the reflectance of the light of 494-544nm wave band more than 70%, and the transmitance of other visible light wave range is more than 90%.
It is furthermore preferred that the inclination angle of the chief ray of the mechanical axis of described reflecting mirror and zero visual field is zero, with the purpose of the optical axis that reaches to turn back.
Preferably, the miniature display screen in the present invention uses OLED miniature display screen, and emergent light is Single wavelength.
Preferably, described relay system is made up of four lens, at least two panels mechanical axis tilts and bias mutually, optimum, the mechanical axis of four lens tilts and bias mutually, with the off-axis aberration of compensatory reflex mirror, miniature display screen is also required to carry out Sloped rotating relative to optical axis, and the namely described mechanical axis of miniature display screen and the angle of optical axis are not zero.
Having a piece of in four lens of above-mentioned relay system is glued mirror, and the purpose of glued mirror is the aberration that correction is certain.
Include successively in above-mentioned relay system: the first meniscus lens, the second meniscus lens, glued mirror, and plus lens, light enters the first meniscus lens from miniature display screen after sending, and entering reflecting mirror from plus lens, plus lens is plane near the one side of reflecting mirror, convenient encapsulation, the convex surface of the first meniscus lens is as the plane of incidence, the concave surface of the first meniscus lens is as exit facet, and the plane of glued mirror is as the plane of incidence, and convex surface is exit facet.
Preferably, above-mentioned glued mirror is made up of two kinds of different materials.
Light sends from miniature display screen, sequentially passes through relay system, reflecting mirror, finally carries out human eye pupil place.The light sent out from miniature display screen, after relay system, forms an intermediary image, this intermediary image due to relay system eccentric tilt and there is certain off-axis aberration；Light enters reflecting mirror, and the off-axis aberration that the off-axis aberration that relay system produces produces with reflecting mirror mutually compensates for, and the light of each visual field becomes flat shape light after being collimated by reflecting mirror, be intersected in human eye pupil place.
When image planes are positioned at infinity, the angular resolution of Helmet Mounted Display is:
In formula: ω, v respectively full filed angle vertically and horizontally；M, n are the pixel count both horizontally and vertically on the effective display surface of image source (square 4: 3) respectively.If selecting image source pixel count both horizontally and vertically is 800 × 600, pel spacing is 2.4 μm.Being obtained angular resolution corresponding to system by above formula calculating is 0.77mrad, close to the minimum resolution 0.5mrad of human eye.If the effective focal length of helmet display optical system is designed as 36.3mm, now the spatial frequency of the optical system that angular resolution matches should reach 30lp/mm.
Then design of Optical System input is as shown in table 1:
Table 1 optical design inputs
| Effective focal length | About 36.3mm |
| The angle of visual field | 25° |
| Emergent pupil from | 40mm |
| Exit pupil diameter | 8mm |
| Wavelength | 494～544nm, peak value 525mm |
| Resolution | During 30lp/mm, each visual field is all higher than 0.3 |
| Luminance non-uniformity | ≤ 20% |
| Distortion | ≤ 5% |
From the angle of mathematics, the reality of holographic optical elements (HOE)-void imaging character can be explained in that: assuming that the complex amplitude of reference beam is R, conjugation reference beam, namely the complex amplitude of reconstruction beam is exactly-R, and symbol "-" means the direction of reconstruction beam and the in opposite direction of former reference beam.The complex amplitude of definition object light is O, and definition light intensity is I, and therefore after optical hologram diffraction, light wave-amplitude is exactly (* represents conjugate complex number):
W (x, y)=-β [R (IO+IR)+R2O*+IRO)]
This formula represents, when reconstruction beam be record the conjugate direction of reference beam be irradiated on holographic optical elements (HOE) time, the conjugate direction along record object beam is also propagated by the light beam after diffraction, forms a real image, and, energy is converged to a point.
When designing this system, the method adopting " continuous lens ", actually, one continuous lens can be defined as the limit of the array being made up of infinitely small size holographic optical elements (HOE), in order to realize the record of continuous lens, must use two measuring point light sources, rather than a point source and a branch of planar light beam.
It is an advantage of the current invention that:
1., owing to adopting the reflecting mirror of holographic facet, the bore of relay system can control within diameter 10mm, and therefore the system of the present invention has volume advantage little, lightweight.
2. owing to the inclination angle of the mechanical axis of reflecting mirror and the chief ray of zero visual field is zero, and it is holographic facet, it may be achieved the dual pathways shows.
3., owing to adopting dual pathways mode to show, whole Helmet Mounted Display is minimum to the stop in the visual field.
4., owing to adopting dual pathways mode to show, during viewing, human eye can not need deflection angle, improves comfortableness.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the optical system X-Y scheme of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the MTF figure of optical system of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
The Helmet Mounted Display of existing canister respirator only has single channel, it is impossible to watch external information simultaneously.And it is in order to reduce block vision, the zero visual field chief ray of HMD is a lot of with human eye straight ahead gaze direction deflection angle, and human eye needs to rotate very wide-angle when viewing, and long-time viewing can be very tired.
Fig. 1 is the optical system X-Y scheme of the present invention, and light sends from OLED miniature display screen 41, sequentially passes through relay system 30, reflecting mirror 20, finally carries out human eye pupil place.From the light of OLED miniature display screen 41 after relay system 30, forming an intermediary image, this intermediary image has certain off-axis aberration due to the eccentric inclination of relay system 30；Light carries out reflecting mirror 20, and the off-axis aberration that the off-axis aberration that relay system 30 produces produces with reflecting mirror 20 mutually compensates for, and the light of each visual field becomes flat shape light after being collimated by reflecting mirror 20, be intersected in human eye pupil 10 place.Include in relay system 30: eyeglass 31 is plus lens, and it is plane near the one side of reflecting mirror 20, convenient encapsulation；Eyeglass 32 is glued mirror, is made up of two kinds of different materials；Eyeglass 33,34 is meniscus lens.
It is applied to the Small-scale Flat display of Helmet Mounted Display at present, includes electroluminescent display (OLED) and liquid crystal display (LCD).Owing to needing backlight when liquid crystal display shows, and also needing to when subzero works increase temperature control circuit, cause that power consumption for displays and volume increase, therefore the present embodiment selects OLED to be display screen, its detail parameters such as table 2:
Table 2OLED screen parameter
| Effective display area | 12.8mm×9.6mm |
| Resolution | 852×600 |
| Display brightness | 1500cd/m2 |
| Contrast | It is not less than 300:1 |
| Tonal gradation | 256 |
| Operating temperature | -40 DEG C～+65 DEG C |
| Half spectral width | 50nm(494nm-544nm) |
Optics detail parameters is as shown in table 3:
Table 3 Optic structure parameter
| Sequence number | Face type | Radius | Thickness | Glass | Type | Y is eccentric | Alpha tilts |
| Object plane | Sphere | ∞ | ∞ | air | Refraction | ||
| Diaphragm | Sphere | ∞ | 40 | air | Refraction | ||
| 2 | Sphere | -50 | -40 | air | Holographic | Bend-16 | |
| 3 | Sphere | ∞ | -3.62 | LaF3 | Refraction | Base2 | |
| 4 | Sphere | 18.00 | -0.1 | air | Refraction | ||
| 5 | Sphere | -10.37 | -3.5 | Qk3 | Refraction | ||
| 6 | Sphere | 12.97 | -3.5 | Zf6 | Refraction | ||
| 7 | Sphere | 93.67 | -9.12 | air | Refraction | ||
| 8 | Sphere | -13.33 | -5.0 | LaF3 | Refraction | Base5 | |
| 9 | Sphere | -26.86 | -3.25 | air | Refraction | ||
| 10 | Sphere | 6.5 | -5 | ZF6 | Refraction | Base-10 | |
| 11 | Sphere | 10.8 | -6.9 | air | Refraction | ||
| Image planes | Sphere | ∞ | 0 | Refraction | Base1.6 | Base-2.65 |
The Holographic Parameters of reflecting mirror 20 is such as shown in table 4, table 5:
Table 4 Holographic Parameters 1
| X | y | z | |
| Reference light | 0 | 1.32 | -63.4 |
| Object light | 0 | 5.9 | -34.5 |
Table 5 Holographic Parameters 2
| Parameter | Value |
| The order of diffraction | -1 |
| Structure wavelength | 525.0000 |
| X | -7.1089e-005 |
| Y | 0.2043 |
| X**2 | 0.0013 |
| X*Y | 6.5681e-006 |
| Y**2 | 0.0003 |
| X**3 | 5.3287e-007 |
| X**2*Y | -3.5751e-006 |
| XY**2 | 2.5668e-006 |
| Y**3 | 1.1562e-005 |
| X**4 | 0.0000 |
| X**3*Y | 0.0000 |
| X**2*Y**2 | 0.0000 |
| X*Y**3 | 0.0000 |
| Y**4 | 0.0000 |
| X**5 | 0.0000 |
Fig. 2 is the MTF figure of optical system of the present invention, all reaches more than 0.3 at the MTF of each visual field when 30lp/mm as seen from Figure 2, meets design requirement.
The reflecting mirror of the optical system of the present invention is placed in the position of human eye straight ahead gaze, relay system and miniature display screen and is placed in the side of the number of people.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiment of the invention, not in order to limit the invention, any amendment made within all spirit in the invention and principle, equivalent replacement and improvement etc., should be included within the protection domain of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. the binary optical system of a canister respirator Helmet Mounted Display, adopting a binary optical holographic facet reflecting mirror and relay system composition, reflecting mirror has holographic facet, and light sends from miniature display screen, sequentially pass through relay system, reflecting mirror, finally carry out human eye pupil place；
It is characterized in that: the design input of described optical system is as follows:
Effective focal length: 36.3mm；The angle of visual field: 25 °；Emergent pupil is from 40mm；Exit pupil diameter: 8mm；Wavelength: 494～544nm；Resolution: during 30lp/mm, each visual field is all higher than 0.3；Luminance non-uniformity :≤20%；Distortion :≤5%.
2. the binary optical system of canister respirator Helmet Mounted Display as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described reflecting mirror is sphere holographic facet.
3. the binary optical system of canister respirator Helmet Mounted Display as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the inclination angle of the mechanical axis of described reflecting mirror and the chief ray of zero visual field is zero.
4. the binary optical system of canister respirator Helmet Mounted Display as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described miniature display screen uses OLED miniature display screen, and emergent light is Single wavelength.
5. the binary optical system of the canister respirator Helmet Mounted Display as described in any one of Claims 1-4, it is characterised in that: described relay system is made up of four lens, and at least two panels mechanical axis tilts and bias mutually.
6. the binary optical system of canister respirator Helmet Mounted Display as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that: the mechanical axis of described four lens tilts and bias mutually, and the mechanical axis of described miniature display screen and the angle of optical axis are not zero.
7. the binary optical system of canister respirator Helmet Mounted Display as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that: four lens of described relay system have a piece of for glued mirror.
8. the binary optical system of canister respirator Helmet Mounted Display as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that: include successively in described relay system: the first meniscus lens, the second meniscus lens, glued mirror, and plus lens, light enters the first meniscus lens from miniature display screen after sending, and enter reflecting mirror from plus lens, plus lens is plane near the one side of reflecting mirror, the convex surface of the first meniscus lens is as the plane of incidence, the concave surface of the first meniscus lens is as exit facet, the plane of glued mirror is as the plane of incidence, and convex surface is exit facet.
9. the binary optical system of canister respirator Helmet Mounted Display as claimed in claim 7 or 8, it is characterised in that: described glued mirror is made up of two kinds of different materials.
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US9223139B2 (en) * | 2013-02-15 | 2015-12-29 | Google Inc. | Cascading optics in optical combiners of head mounted displays |
| US10747006B2 (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2020-08-18 | Mango Teq Limited | Heads up display system for use with helmets |
| CN112558292A (en) * | 2020-10-09 | 2021-03-26 | 天津大学 | Small optical system capable of switching virtual and real imaging |
| CN113359301B (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2022-11-22 | 中航华东光电有限公司 | Large-view-field ship-borne HUD display system |
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| US5396349A (en) * | 1991-07-25 | 1995-03-07 | Pilkington P.E. Limited | Lateral and longitudinal chromatic dispersion correction in display systems employing non-conformal reflection holograms |
| US6606114B1 (en) * | 1993-03-31 | 2003-08-12 | Diversified Optical Products, Inc. | Combination head-protective helmet and thermal imaging apparatus |
| US7656585B1 (en) * | 2008-08-19 | 2010-02-02 | Microvision, Inc. | Embedded relay lens for head-up displays or the like |
| CN201524056U (en) * | 2009-09-23 | 2010-07-14 | 安徽华东光电技术研究所 | Large-viewing field color perspective type helmet display used in navigation system of surgical operations |
| CN101915992A (en) * | 2010-07-23 | 2010-12-15 | 浙江大学 | Free-form surface goggles-based see-through helmet mounted display device |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5396349A (en) * | 1991-07-25 | 1995-03-07 | Pilkington P.E. Limited | Lateral and longitudinal chromatic dispersion correction in display systems employing non-conformal reflection holograms |
| US6606114B1 (en) * | 1993-03-31 | 2003-08-12 | Diversified Optical Products, Inc. | Combination head-protective helmet and thermal imaging apparatus |
| US7656585B1 (en) * | 2008-08-19 | 2010-02-02 | Microvision, Inc. | Embedded relay lens for head-up displays or the like |
| CN201524056U (en) * | 2009-09-23 | 2010-07-14 | 安徽华东光电技术研究所 | Large-viewing field color perspective type helmet display used in navigation system of surgical operations |
| CN101915992A (en) * | 2010-07-23 | 2010-12-15 | 浙江大学 | Free-form surface goggles-based see-through helmet mounted display device |
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