CN101908384A - 壳体的制作方法及由该方法制得的壳体 - Google Patents

壳体的制作方法及由该方法制得的壳体 Download PDF

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CN101908384A
CN101908384A CN200910302878.XA CN200910302878A CN101908384A CN 101908384 A CN101908384 A CN 101908384A CN 200910302878 A CN200910302878 A CN 200910302878A CN 101908384 A CN101908384 A CN 101908384A
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plating
making
housing
chromium
stainless steel
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胡宗华
潘海波
李旭
黄义均
姜传华
戴丰源
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Shenzhen Futaihong Precision Industry Co Ltd
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Priority to US12/702,376 priority patent/US8088497B2/en
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Abstract

本发明提供一种壳体的制作方法，该壳体的制作方法包括如下步骤：(a)提供一金属基体；(b)在该金属基体上形成一底漆层；(c)在该底漆层上真空镀覆一铬或不锈钢层；(d)在该铬或不锈钢层上真空镀覆一铬及不锈钢的混镀层；(e)在所述混镀层上真空镀覆一不锈钢层。本发明还提供一种应用上述方法所制得的壳体。

Description

壳体的制作方法及由该方法制得的壳体
技术领域
本发明是关于一种壳体的制作方法，尤其是关于一种具有不锈钢镀膜层的壳体的制作方法及由该方法制得的壳体。
背景技术
镁及镁合金由于其密度小、比强度高、比刚度大、减震性能好，以及具有良好的电磁屏蔽作用及很高的抗电磁干扰能力等优点，在国防军工、交通运输、光学仪器及电子装置壳体等领域均有广泛的应用。但同时镁及镁合金由于电极电势低，化学活性高等特点，其非常容易发生电化学腐蚀，耐腐蚀性很差。这严重阻碍了镁及镁合金的应用。为了克服上述缺陷，通常需要对镁及镁合金进行表面处理，以在其表面生成一耐腐蚀、耐磨且具有装饰效果的镀层。
真空镀膜是一种在镁或镁合金壳体表面形成耐腐蚀、耐磨且具有装饰效果的镀层的常用方法，如利用真空镀膜在镁或镁合金壳体表面形成一不锈钢膜层，以得到具有高光泽度、高贵金属质感的壳体。由于镁或镁合金材料的化学活泼性及内部结构的特殊性，其表面通常较粗糙，且难以通过抛光等方式使其表面平整，因此真空镀膜前通常需要在镁或镁合金壳体表面喷涂一底漆层，以增强镀膜层与镁或镁合金壳体的结合力。然而由于单一底漆层其本身的厚度较小，表面平整度较低，因而对增强镀膜层与镁或镁合金壳体的结合力的贡献有限。
发明内容
鉴于此，有必要提供一种壳体的制作方法，该方法可在镁或镁合金基体表面形成具有较强附着力、且外观优良的金属镀膜层。
另外，还有必要提供一种由上述方法所制得的壳体。
一种壳体的制作方法，其包括如下步骤：
(a)、提供一金属基体；
(b)、在该金属基体上形成一底漆层；
(c)、在该底漆层上真空镀覆一铬或不锈钢层；
(d)、在该铬或不锈钢层上真空镀覆一铬及不锈钢的混镀层；
(e)、在所述混镀层上真空镀覆一不锈钢层。
一种由上述方法所制得的壳体，其包括一金属基体，在该金属基体上依次镀覆有底漆层、铬或不绣钢层、铬及不锈钢的混镀层、以及不锈钢层。
相较于现有技术，本发明壳体的制作方法通过在金属基体上设置底漆层及镀覆多层金属层，以在所述壳体上形成附着力强、膜层均匀、色泽良好的金属镀层，可大大提升产品的外观吸引力及附加价值。
附图说明
图1为本发明壳体一较佳实施方式的剖面示意图。
具体实施方式
本发明较佳实施方式的壳体的制作方法包括如下步骤：
提供一金属基体，该金属基体的材料为镁或镁合金。对该金属基体进行前处理。所述前处理包括除污处理及化学成膜处理。所述除污处理为对所述金属基体进行酸洗，以除去其表面的油污。所述化学成膜处理为将所述金属基体置于含磷酸或磷酸盐的溶液中使金属基体的表面形成一钝化的保护膜。化学成膜处理后对所述金属基体进行清洗并干燥。
在所述干燥后的金属基体上形成底漆层。该底漆层可为一层，其可由紫外光固化漆喷涂于所述金属基体表面形成，该底漆层的厚度约为55-65μm。所述底漆层亦可为两层，喷涂时，先使用聚氨酯漆在金属基体上形成第一底漆层，该第一底漆层的厚度约为35-40μm。第一底漆层形成后进行干燥，然后使用紫外光固化漆在第一底漆层上喷涂第二底漆层，该第二底漆层的厚度约为20-25μm。所述底漆层可为白色或无色，其表面平整，可增强后续镀覆的金属层的光泽度及其与金属基体的结合力。
在所述底漆层上镀覆一铬或不绣钢层，该铬或不锈钢层的厚度在45-55nm之间。镀覆该铬或不绣钢层的工艺条件为：采用多弧离子镀的方法，镀覆时电源功率设置为55-60KW，工作气体为氩气，压强为0.4-0.6Pa，在室温(约20℃)下镀覆约30-60秒。该铬或不锈钢层的厚度均匀，色泽良好，其与底漆层的结合力较强。
在上一步骤中所形成的铬或不绣钢层上镀覆一铬及不锈钢的混镀层。该混镀层的厚度在180-220nm之间。所述铬在该混镀层中的含量约为30％。镀覆该混镀层的工艺条件为：采用多弧离子镀的方法在电源功率为55-60KW的条件下镀铬的同时，采用直流溅镀的方法在电源功率为15-18KW的条件下进行不锈钢镀覆。该步骤中镀覆用工作气体为氩气，镀覆压强为0.4-0.6Pa，在室温(约20℃)下镀覆约90-180秒。所述混镀层的厚度均匀，色泽良好。该混镀层与所述铬或不锈钢层的结合力较强。
在所述混镀层上镀覆一不锈钢层。该不锈钢层的厚度在15-25nm之间。镀覆该不锈钢层的工艺条件为：采用直流溅镀的方法，镀覆时电源功率设置为15-18KW，工作气体为氩气，压强设置为0.4-0.6Pa，在室温(约20℃)下镀覆约15秒。该步骤中形成的不锈钢层厚度均匀，色泽良好，其与所述混镀层的结合力较强。
在所述不锈钢层上喷涂一透明面漆层，以提高所述壳体的耐磨耗性能。所述面漆层为透明的聚氨酯漆层，其厚度在20-25μm之间。
可以理解的，所述在不锈钢层上喷涂面漆层的步骤可以省略。
所述金属基体的材料亦可为铝、铝合金或锌合金等，所述对金属基体的前处理包括除污处理。
请参阅图1所示，由本发明较佳实施方式壳体的制作方法所制得的壳体10包括一金属基体11及依次形成该金属基体11上的一底漆层13、一铬或不锈钢层14、一铬及不锈钢的混镀层15、一不锈钢层16、及一面漆层17。所述金属基体11的材料为镁、镁合金、铝、铝合金或锌合金等；所述底漆层13可为单一的紫外光固化漆层，亦可为以聚氨酯漆形成的第一底漆层与以紫外光固化漆形成的第二底漆层的结合；所述面漆层17为透明聚氨酯漆层。
可以理解的，所述面漆层17可以省略。
本发明壳体的制作方法通过在金属基体上设置平整度高的底漆层及镀覆多层金属层，并通过控制适当的镀膜参数、各金属层的厚度、混镀层中铬与不锈钢含量的比例等，使得本发明壳体上形成的金属镀层附着力强、膜层均匀、具有良好的不锈钢色外观，大大提升了产品的外观吸引力及附加价值。

Claims (13)

1.一种壳体的制作方法，其包括如下步骤：
(a)、提供一金属基体；
(b)、在该金属基体上形成一底漆层；
(c)、在该底漆层上真空镀覆一铬或不锈钢层；
(d)、在该铬或不锈钢层上真空镀覆一铬及不锈钢的混镀层；
(e)、在所述混镀层上真空镀覆一不锈钢层。
2.如权利要求1所述的壳体的制作方法，其特征在于：所述金属基体的材料为镁、镁合金、铝、铝合金或锌合金。
3.如权利要求1所述的壳体的制作方法，其特征在于：所述底漆层为紫外光固化漆层，其厚度为55-65μm。
4.如权利要求1所述的壳体的制作方法，其特征在于：所述底漆层为以聚氨酯漆形成的第一底漆层与以紫外光固化漆形成的第二底漆层的结合，该第一底漆层的厚度为35-40μm，该第二底漆层的厚度为20-25μm。
5.如权利要求1所述的壳体的制作方法，其特征在于：所述步骤(c)中铬或不锈钢层的厚度在45-55nm之间。
6.如权利要求5所述的壳体的制作方法，其特征在于：所述步骤(c)为采用多弧离子镀的方法在电源功率为55-60KW、工作气体为氩气、压强为0.4-0.6Pa的条件下进行30-60秒的铬或不锈钢的镀覆。
7.如权利要求1所述的壳体的制作方法，其特征在于：所述混镀层的厚度在180-220nm之间。
8.如权利要求1或7所述的壳体的制作方法，其特征在于：所述混镀层中铬的含量为30％。
9.如权利要求1或7所述的壳体的制作方法，其特征在于：所述步骤(d)为采用多弧离子镀的方法在电源功率为55-60KW的条件下镀铬的同时，采用直流溅镀的方法在电源功率为15-18KW的条件下进行不锈钢的镀覆，且步骤(d)中的镀覆用工作气体为氩气，镀覆压强为0.4-0.6Pa，镀覆时间为90-180秒。
10.如权利要求1所述的壳体的制作方法，其特征在于：步骤(e)中所镀覆的不锈钢层的厚度在15-25nm之间。
11.如权利要求1或10所述的壳体的制作方法，其特征在于：所述步骤(e)为采用直流溅镀的方法在电源功率为15-18KW、工作气体为氩气、压强为0.4-0.6Pa的条件下进行15秒的不锈钢的镀覆。
12.如权利要求1所述的壳体的制作方法，其特征在于：在步骤(e)所形成的不锈钢层上喷涂一透明聚氨酯面漆层。
13.一种如权利要求1-12的任一项所述的方法制得的壳体。
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