CN101900344A - Ash-slag cooling and sorting device and circulating fluidized bed boiler using same - Google Patents
Ash-slag cooling and sorting device and circulating fluidized bed boiler using same Download PDFInfo
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- CN101900344A CN101900344A CN2009101437823A CN200910143782A CN101900344A CN 101900344 A CN101900344 A CN 101900344A CN 2009101437823 A CN2009101437823 A CN 2009101437823A CN 200910143782 A CN200910143782 A CN 200910143782A CN 101900344 A CN101900344 A CN 101900344A
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Abstract
The invention provides a device for cooling high-temperature ash and slag of a circulating fluidized bed boiler, and belongs to the high-temperature ash and slag cooling field of the circulating fluidized bed boiler. The device consists of a hot ash sorting mechanism, a roller slag cooler and a fluidized bed heat exchanger. The hot ash from a slag discharge pipe of the circulating fluidized bed boiler is divided into large granules and small granules through the hot ash sorting mechanism, wherein the large granules enter the roller slag cooler through an inlet pipe of the roller slag cooler; and the small granules enter the fluidized bed heat exchanger through an inlet pipe of the fluidized bed heat exchanger to discharge heat and then are returned to a hearth of the circulating fluidized bed boiler along with fluidized air through an outlet pipe. The device has the advantage of fully exerting the technical advantages of an air-water combined cooling fluidized bed slag cooler and the roller slag cooler by high-temperature separation of the hot ash. Through the technical route that the hot ash is cooled according to the sizes respectively, the fine ash is returned to the hearth through the fluidized bed slag cooler and the crude slag is cooled for other use, the dust pollution of the roller slag cooler is effectively restricted. The graded cooling of the granules can effectively reduce the volume of the slag cooler, and is convenient for boiler design and boiler operation.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to CFBB high-temperature ash cooling field, a kind of cooling device of CFBB high-temperature ash is provided.
Background technology:
Slag cooler (including the slag cooler of heating surface) itself is a heat-exchanger rig that process is special.Different with surface-type heat exchanger is, the most heat exchange surfaces of slag cooler all with the solid particle contact heat-exchanging of high concentration.Thereby the heat exchange effect that forms is stronger than untouchable heat exchange.
The pattern of slag cooler can be divided into two kinds of on-mechanical formula and mechanical types according to cooling principle.On-mechanical formula slag cooler mainly contains geomantic omen cold flow slag cooler and air bath type slag cooling machine etc.The principal mode of mechanical type slag cooler has water-cooled auger type, water cold drum formula and high-strength steel belt etc.At present, using more slag cooler on large circulating fluidized bed boiler is geomantic omen cold flow slag cooler and roller slag cooler.These two kinds of heat exchangers gap on working method and structure is very big, but sees that from the angle of heat exchange the course of work is close.
Air-water combined slag cooler is actual to be a little fluid bed, and this slag cooler utilizes the gas-solid biphase flow dynamic characteristic cooling down high-temperature slag of fluid bed, and based on air-cooled, water-cooled is auxilliary.Structurally generally be divided into 3 locellus, first locellus adopts the cooling of strength selectivity, in the process of strength cooling lime-ash, can also send the combustion chamber to thinner end slag (fine grained that does not burn, unreacted limestone particle etc.) again back to, realize selective deslagging; Second, third divides indoor layout pipe laying heating surface and lime-ash to carry out heat exchange, can be cooled to alap temperature to slag, as below 120 ℃, drains into defeated slag system then.(Tan Bin such as Tan Bin, Nie Li, Yao Benrong, CFBB slag cooler operation problem and corrective measure, the electric comment in east, the 19th the 4th phase of volume, in December, 2005) when thinking that needing only fuel granularity is effectively controlled, wind and water combined amount but slag cooler fully can safe and stable operation, and reliability is also very high.
Rolling-cylinder type slag-cooler can be divided into slag feeding chamber, cold slag passage and slag removing chamber's three parts, is provided with cooling body in the cold rolling passage.Roller slag cooler all is to tilt to install, after high temperature furnace slag enters cylinder, advance along its spiral inner wall conduit or many ribs pipeline, carry out heat exchange by cooling water and warm sludge in the inner/outer tube chuck or in the gap between many ribs pipeline, simultaneously can insert air cooling system, 900 ℃ of warm sludges are cooled to 150 ℃ or lower.Drum rotation speed is stepless adjustable, and cylindrical shell as 2rpm, can reach nominal output under very low rotating speed, significantly reduced the wearing and tearing of slag passage.
The common advantage of roller slag cooler is that wearing and tearing are little, and maintenance is little, and long service life is simple in structure, and is reliable.Shortcoming is that lime-ash is not had selectivity; Slag inlet leaks slag easily, and cooling water flow control is strict, and the roller slag cooler heat exchange amount of some pattern is lower slightly and appearance and size is bigger.This slag cooler is of wide application at present.
The comparison of air-water combined slag cooler and rolling-cylinder type slag-cooler pluses and minuses
(Liu Dechang such as Liu Dechang, Yang Haiping, Zhang Shihong, Chen Hanping, Hu Kun, the adaptability of CFBB slag cooler and selection, first theoretical and academic proceeding of technology of Chinese CFBC, 2007.12, the Haikou, pp733) and (Wu Jianzhong, Zhao Yonggang, Zhao Zhongsheng such as Wu Jianzhong, the feasibility analysis of CFBB application cylinder formula cold-slag slagging technology, Inner Mongol power technology, 2007 the 25th the 1st phases of volume of INNER MONGOLIAELECTRIC 20POWER) summed up the pluses and minuses of several slag coolers, main points of view comprises:
The cold fluidized bed slag cooler pluses and minuses in geomantic omen
This slag cooler utilizes the indirect heat transfer between the fluidisation direct heat transfer and warm sludge and wall-cooling surface between wind and the warm sludge, and lime-ash is dropped to about 150 ℃ from about 950 ℃.
The advantage of the cold fluidized bed slag cooler in geomantic omen:
● heat-transfer effect is good, does not have mechanical rotating machinery, selects correctly, and accident rate is low;
● lime-ash physics sensible heat rate of recovery height;
● by selecting bed, thin ash is sent into top, combustion chamber, as the circulation fluidized bed material;
● slag cooler and boiler body combine as a whole, and floor space is little;
● to burning fat coal and super-huge CFBB (300MWe～600MWe) relatively adapt to.
Shortcoming:
● the granularity of lime-ash and distribution and the quantity of slag are had certain requirement, and granule size and distribution and the grey quantity of slag can not differ too big with design conditions.
Otherwise bring many serious operation problems;
● require special fan, the operation power consumption is higher;
● the wall-cooling surface wear problem is arranged;
● the operation level is had relatively high expectations.
The pluses and minuses of cylinder type cold slag machine
Advantage:
● relatively good to lime-ash granularity and distribution and quantity of slag adaptability;
● the CFBB (300MWe following boiler) bigger to burning inferior coal and lime-ash granularity and design conditions deviation relatively adapts to;
● the barrel slag cooler rolling speed is slow, and power of motor is little, power saving;
● less demanding to the operation level, the title of fool's slag cooler is arranged, interruption of service is few;
● compare with fluidized bed slag cooler, it is lighter to wear and tear.
Shortcoming:
● lime-ash sensible heat recovering effect does not have the cold fluidized bed slag cooler in geomantic omen good.The cooling water that has been heated is generally sent into oxygen-eliminating device, and extracted steam from turbine reduces, and power plant's thermal efficiency of cycle reduces;
● roller slag cooler and boiler body split layout, generally are arranged in boiler room zero rice platform, and floor space is bigger;
● sealing effectiveness does not have the cold fluidized bed slag cooler in geomantic omen good, leaks, leaks the slag problem.
Technological essence of the present invention has been to gather the advantage of fluid bed air-water combined slag cooler selectivity cooling and roller slag cooler cold slag ability is strong, to technological merits such as lime-ash adaptability are good, abandoned the shortcoming that the fluid bed air-water combined slag cooler is feared oarse-grained shortcoming and the big or small total cooling of roller slag cooler part.Can walk on the technology path with roller slag cooler to advocating peace with the wind and water combined cooling slag cooler of fluid bed two lines.Both differences are to cut apart the particle size that enters slag cooler on which size, as with 10mm as cut size, then based on fluidized bed slag cooler, roller slag cooler cooling bulky grain lime-ash.Fluidized bed slag cooler is born main cold slag task in this case.If as cut size, then based on roller slag cooler, fluidized bed slag cooler is as thin grey slag cooler with 2mm, cooled flying dust is sent burner hearth back to.Can also other sizes as the cut size that enters slag cooler, at this moment, the cold slag task of fluidized bed slag cooler and roller slag cooler is determined according to cut size.Now as cut size advantage of the present invention is described with 2mm.Enter fluidized bed slag cooler less than the 2mm particle, enter roller slag cooler greater than the 2mm particle.
Summary of the invention:
The present invention has gathered the advantage of fluid bed air-water combined slag cooler selectivity cooling and roller slag cooler cold slag ability is strong, to technological merits such as lime-ash adaptability are good, abandoned the shortcoming that the fluid bed air-water combined slag cooler is feared oarse-grained shortcoming and the big or small total cooling of roller slag cooler part.Can give full play of the technological merit of wind and water combined cooling bed slag cooler and roller slag cooler.
The present invention is a kind of ash cooling device and the CFBB that uses this device.Ash cooling device is made of the grey sorting of heat mechanism (2), roller slag cooler (6), fluid-bed heat exchanger (5) three parts.It is characterized in that: utilize sorting grating (10) series in the hot grey sorting mechanism (2) to realize particle, and cut apart cooling respectively by size by grading.
Sorting grating (9) series in the hot grey sorting mechanism (2) is vertically arranged by the comb teeth shape sorting grating (10) of different spacing and is constituted, the angle of sorting grating (10) and vertical axis, and promptly established angle is greater than the particle angle of repose.Sorting grating (10) material is made up of wear-resisting, refractory metal, and support to make up (13) by the sorting grating and be fixed on the hot grey sorting mechanism inwall.
Heat ash (9) from CFBB scum pipe (1) selects mechanism (2) that hot ash is divided into bulky grain and granule two big classes through overheated ash content, enters roller slag cooler (6) through the bulky grain (14) that separates through roller slag cooler inlet tube (3); The granule (12) that process is separated enters through fluid-bed heat exchanger inlet tube (4) sends boiler hearth of circulating fluidized bed with fluidization air back to through outlet (7) after fluid-bed heat exchanger (5) is emitted heat.Particle greater than partition size is discharged by accident slag-drip opening (8).
The heat ash that this hot grey sorting mechanism is used for CFBB is handled, according to the technical characterictic of CFBB circulating ash the installation parameter of hot grey sorting mechanism (2) is set, the different physicochemical characteristics of circulating ash have determined vertical arrangement sorting grating (10) quantity and sorting grating (10) established angle.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. hot ash being carried out high temperature separates.Existing fluid bed geomantic omen slag cooler can only cool off the following particle of 10mm, and is very responsive to granularity.And be that main particle size range, the especially particle between 0.1～0.2mm of recirculating fluidized bed particle circulation is the critical size scope of adjusting circulation and furnace heat transfer in the stove less than the 2mm particle.As long as can realize separating, just can give full play of the technological merit of wind and water combined cooling bed slag cooler and roller slag cooler by the high temperature of particle size.
2. on the new wind and water combined cooling bed slag cooler that is provided with according to the technical characterictic of CFBB circulating ash, be provided with and do not participate in the bubbling bed heating surface cooling lime-ash that boiler circulates independently dreg removing system, cooled circulating ash send-back system and arranges according to fine grained lime-ash characteristics of heat transfer.
3. the bulky grain after cutting apart according to a certain percentage (as greater than 2mm) enters roller slag cooler, according to the original quality distribution of wide-size distribution recirculating fluidized bed ash solid impurity particle, can increase substantially the cold slag adaptive capacity of roller slag cooler.
4. because the heat ash is realized cutting apart cooling respectively by size, and thin ash is sent the technology path that uses it for anything else in addition after burner hearth, the thick slag cooling back to through fluidized bed slag cooler, restricted the dust pollution of roller slag cooler effectively.
5. because gas-solid fluidized bed cooling capacity is higher than the convection heat transfer' heat-transfer by convection of grain flow, the gradation cooling can effectively reduce the slag cooler volume, makes things convenient for boiler island design and boiler operatiopn.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is an ash cooling device of the present invention.Wherein, CFBB scum pipe 1, hot grey sorting mechanism 2, roller slag cooler inlet tube 3, fluid-bed heat exchanger inlet tube 4, fluid-bed heat exchanger 5, roller slag cooler 6, outlet 7, accident slag-drip opening 8.
Fig. 2 is a hot grey sorting mechanism.Wherein, from hot grey 9 of CFBB.The sorting grating group 10 of separating the different-grain diameter particle, upper cover plate 11 enters the granule 12 of fluidized bed slag cooler, and the sorting grating supports and makes up 13, enters the bulky grain 14 of roller slag cooler.
The specific embodiment:
Embodiment 1: only adopt fluidized bed slag cooler.
Go into bulky grain in the stove fuel (the above granular mass percentage of 10mm be no more than total ash amount 5%) more after a little while, only adopt fluidized bed slag cooler.This moment is the same with the CFBB that uses fluidized bed slag cooler, slag cooler and is connected with boiler and boiler island is arranged without any variation, and the bulky grain that sorts out can enter cold slag and transport outward channel after cooling off naturally.
Embodiment 2:
The cold slag discharge capacity of certain CFBB 100t/h goes in the stove fuel to surpass the 10mm particle and accounts for 23% of total particle quality.With 8mm is lime-ash size cut-point, and this moment, bulky grain accounted for 30% of gross mass.
The grey sorting of heat mechanism adopts diameter 15mm heat resistant and wear resistant bonding jumper, arranges 3 layers with horizontal sextant angle 50 degree.Ground floor pitch 35mm will go out greater than the 20mm grain sorting; Second layer pitch 27mm will go out greater than the grain sorting of 12mm; The 3rd layer of pitch 23mm will go out greater than the 8mm grain sorting.
The adapted lime-ash is imported and exported centre-to-centre spacing 4m, and 4 fens storehouse water cold drum slag coolers of diameter 1.4m can be cooled to 160 ℃ from 850 ℃ at rotating speed with 25000kg/h ash amount during for 9rpm.
Fluidized bed slag cooler was by storehouse design in 3 fens, and the lime-ash that comes out from CFBB at first enters hole capital after selling all securities, entered cooling storehouse 1 and cooling storehouse 2 under the fluidisation wind action, with the heat exchange surface heat exchange at this place.The lime-ash that enters slag cooler is divided into thick slag and thin slag, and thick slag heat exchange is after normal slag-drip opening is discharged, and thin slag is fluidized wind and carries through backwind tube and send burner hearth back to.
Embodiment 3:
The cold slag discharge capacity of certain CFBB 200t/h goes in the stove fuel to surpass the 10mm particle and accounts for 23% of total particle quality.With 4mm is lime-ash size cut-point, and this moment, bulky grain accounted for 50% of gross mass.
The grey sorting of heat mechanism adopts diameter 15mm heat resistant and wear resistant bonding jumper, arranges 5 layers with horizontal sextant angle 50 degree.Ground floor pitch 35mm will go out greater than the 20mm grain sorting; Second layer pitch 27mm will go out greater than the grain sorting of 12mm; The 3rd layer of pitch 23mm will go out greater than the 8mm grain sorting; The 4th layer of pitch 21mm will go out greater than the 6mm grain sorting; Layer 5 pitch 19mm will go out greater than the 4mm grain sorting.
The adapted lime-ash is imported and exported centre-to-centre spacing 4m, and 4 of 4 fens storehouse water cold drum slag coolers of diameter 1.4m can be cooled to 160 ℃ from 850 ℃ at rotating speed with 25000kg/h ash amount during for 9rpm.
Fluidized bed slag cooler was by storehouse design in 3 fens, and the lime-ash that comes out from CFBB at first enters hole capital after selling all securities, entered cooling storehouse 1 and cooling storehouse 2 under the fluidisation wind action, with the heat exchange surface heat exchange at this place.The lime-ash that enters slag cooler is divided into thick slag and thin slag, and thick slag heat exchange is after normal slag-drip opening is discharged, and thin slag is fluidized wind and carries through backwind tube and send burner hearth back to.
Claims (4)
1. ash cooling device, the lime-ash sorting unit is made of the grey sorting of heat mechanism (2), roller slag cooler (6), fluid-bed heat exchanger (5) three parts; It is characterized in that: utilize sorting grating (10) series in the hot grey sorting mechanism (2) to realize particle, and cut apart cooling respectively by size by grading.
2. the described heat of claim 1 a grey sorting mechanism (2), it is characterized in that: sorting grating (10) series in the hot grey sorting mechanism (2) is vertically arranged by the comb teeth shape sorting grating (10) of different spacing and is constituted, the angle of sorting grating (10) and vertical axis, promptly established angle is greater than the particle angle of repose; Sorting grating (10) is made up of Wear-resistant, high-temperature resistant material or wear-resisting water cooling structure part, and is fixed on the hot grey sorting mechanism inwall by sorting grating supporting member (13).
3. hot grey sorting technology of using the described CFBB of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the heat ash (9) from CFBB scum pipe (1) selects mechanism (2) that hot ash is divided into bulky grain and granule two big classes through overheated ash content, enters roller slag cooler (6) through the bulky grain (14) that separates through roller slag cooler inlet tube (3); The granule (12) that process is separated enters through fluid-bed heat exchanger inlet tube (4) sends boiler hearth of circulating fluidized bed with fluidization air back to through outlet (7) after fluid-bed heat exchanger (5) is emitted heat; Particle greater than partition size is discharged by accident slag-drip opening (8).
4. one kind is used the described CFBB of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the technical characterictic according to the CFBB deslagging is provided with ash cooling device, according to the structural parameters of the grey sorting of heat mechanism (2), determine the mass ratio and the cooling capacity requirement of drum slag cooling and fluidized bed slag cooling; The physical features of boiler slag removal has determined cut size, the number of plies of vertical arrangement sorting grating (10).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2009101437823A CN101900344A (en) | 2009-05-27 | 2009-05-27 | Ash-slag cooling and sorting device and circulating fluidized bed boiler using same |
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| CN2009101437823A CN101900344A (en) | 2009-05-27 | 2009-05-27 | Ash-slag cooling and sorting device and circulating fluidized bed boiler using same |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102654285A (en) * | 2011-12-12 | 2012-09-05 | 江苏靖隆合金钢机械制造有限公司 | Composite slag feeding device for slag cooler |
| CN103968376A (en) * | 2013-02-06 | 2014-08-06 | 青岛顺德电力环保设备有限公司 | Cooling technology for circulating fluidized bed boiler bottom slag |
| CN109827172A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2019-05-31 | 重庆科技学院 | The cooling of circulating fluidized bed boiler high temperature bottom slag and waste heat recovery device |
| CN110805895A (en) * | 2019-11-02 | 2020-02-18 | 中能锐赫科技（北京）股份有限公司 | Bottom slag recycling device and method for circulating fluidized bed |
| CN114988155A (en) * | 2022-05-24 | 2022-09-02 | 铜陵有色兴铜机电制造有限公司 | Dust suppression cooling humidifying device |
-
2009
- 2009-05-27 CN CN2009101437823A patent/CN101900344A/en active Pending
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102654285A (en) * | 2011-12-12 | 2012-09-05 | 江苏靖隆合金钢机械制造有限公司 | Composite slag feeding device for slag cooler |
| CN103968376A (en) * | 2013-02-06 | 2014-08-06 | 青岛顺德电力环保设备有限公司 | Cooling technology for circulating fluidized bed boiler bottom slag |
| CN103968376B (en) * | 2013-02-06 | 2016-08-31 | 青岛顺德电力环保设备有限公司 | A kind of CFB Slag cooling technique |
| CN109827172A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2019-05-31 | 重庆科技学院 | The cooling of circulating fluidized bed boiler high temperature bottom slag and waste heat recovery device |
| CN109827172B (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2023-08-18 | 重庆科技学院 | High Wen Dezha cooling and waste heat recycling device for circulating fluidized bed boiler |
| CN110805895A (en) * | 2019-11-02 | 2020-02-18 | 中能锐赫科技（北京）股份有限公司 | Bottom slag recycling device and method for circulating fluidized bed |
| CN114988155A (en) * | 2022-05-24 | 2022-09-02 | 铜陵有色兴铜机电制造有限公司 | Dust suppression cooling humidifying device |
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