CN101899826A - Method for improving urban degraded soil in coastal regions by constructing artificial section - Google Patents
Method for improving urban degraded soil in coastal regions by constructing artificial section Download PDFInfo
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- CN101899826A CN101899826A CN 201010223047 CN201010223047A CN101899826A CN 101899826 A CN101899826 A CN 101899826A CN 201010223047 CN201010223047 CN 201010223047 CN 201010223047 A CN201010223047 A CN 201010223047A CN 101899826 A CN101899826 A CN 101899826A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving urban degraded soil in coastal regions by constructing an artificial section, which belongs to the technical field of urban soil improvement and in particular relates to urban degraded soil improvement technology, and urban green space construction and big tree transplant technology. The method is characterized in that: based on a regular soil improvement, the soil structure is improved by simulating a natural soil section; and the method for improving soil by constructing an artificial soil section can be realized by plant pit digging, layered soil packing and post maintenance in sequence. The technology can be used for improving the urban degraded soil, in particular the urban soil in coastal saline-alkaline regions, and can effectively reduce the post soil maintenance cost and has a high popularization value.
Description
Technical field
Belong to urban soil improving technology field, exactly relate to the improving technology of city degenerated soil, the urban green space is built and the big tree transplanting technology.
Background technology
Urban soil is meant and is distributed in park, road, stadium, residential quarter, school, factory etc., perhaps simply as " basis " of cities such as building, street, railway and industrial facility and be in the soil of the state of burying.For the agricultural production function of natural soils, the growth that urban soil then is mainly green plants provides carrier, be characterized in being subjected to the influence of human activity, traffic or city large foundation Facilities Construction, usually contain a large amount of building wastes in the soil body, the relatively low and compacting of nutrient content, harden; The growth level of soil natural disappears, cross-section structure confusion, no level, irregular, structure is poor, mostly intrusive body is urban soil characteristic feature, and therefore urban soil rationally being improved is the primary assurance of construction " landscape garden city ".
Urban soil and natural soils have obvious difference on profile features, natural soils can form stratose soil profile in soil-forming process, each level has difference in functionality in the performance of soil overall permanence, mainly provide plant growing required various nutrient elements as topsoil; Subsoil is mainly plant growing provides nutrient and machinery to support, carries out the migration and the conversion of moisture and nutrient by the capillary pore in the soil body and chorizon and underground water simultaneously; Chorizon is in the section foot, does not have tangible soil-forming process, and major function provides the buffer zone between the upper strata soil body and the underground water, is made up of the big material of particle usually.
At present, the urban soil modification method has: the soil moved in to improve the original method, add the modifying agent method, use organic substance method etc., but all do not consider the profile features of the soil body, soil after the improvement often forms the characteristics of relative homogeneous on different levels, not only waste improves material, and is difficult to avoid the problem of secondary degeneration; Though some modification method is provided with separation layer and dark gutter reduces phreatic influence, also unartificial section makes up, and therefore follows the course of nature, and the artificial section constructing technology of inventing a kind of suitable urban soil improvement is necessary.
Summary of the invention
The present invention will overcome not stratified defective in the existing urban soil improving technology, and a kind of method that makes up artificial section improvement urban degraded soil in coastal regions of the more shallow urban soil improvement of a kind of suitable coastal saline-alkali area groundwater table is provided.
The technical scheme that the present invention takes is:
A kind of method that makes up artificial section improvement urban degraded soil in coastal regions is made of early-stage preparations, soil layer transformation and later stage maintenance, and its scheme is:
(1) the early-stage preparations stage:
Comprise 1) dig out existing degenerated soil, 2) remove behind building waste in the soil, the stone standby.
(2) soil layer is transformed the stage:
The different soils level is set from top to bottom:
1) bottom is a drainage blanket, is made up of thick sandstone, rubble, and the gutter that is made of PVC punching bellows is installed; The perforated area of punching bellows is 3%～5% of a tube wall area, and the aperture of punching is no more than 3mm, the caliber 100～150mm of pvc pipe; General 15～the 30cm of drainage blanket thickness;
2) intermediate layer is the subsurface field layer, selects medium unit weight, medium fertility and medium infiltration rate soil for use, and described medium unit weight is that value of bulk density is at 1.4～1.6Mg/m3; Medium fertility refers to that organic content is at 10～20g/kg; Medium infiltration rate refers to that rate of infiltration is 2cm/h; Soil thickness is 30cm;
3) upper strata is a topsoil, covers low unit weight and high porosity soil, and described low unit weight is that value of bulk density is at 1.2～1.4Mg/m
3High porosity be native inner pore account for soil body volume 10%～20%; Add organic media in the soil and improve soil nutrient, the organic media of described interpolation, its weight is no more than 15% of soil body weight, and perhaps volume is no more than 33% of soil body volume; Soil organic matter content is greater than 20g/kg; The topsoil thickness of soil is 10～45cm; For deep rooting plant topsoil thickness of soil is 30～45cm; The lawn, be 10～15cm by the topsoil thickness of soil; Generally get 15～20cm; Topsoil soil adopts pollution-free, no degenerated soil, based on sand soil or clay soil, and uses soil moved in to improve the original, does not use degenerated soil as topsoil.
Above-mentioned three layers of soil have the mixed transition district between the adjacent two layers in adorning native process, the mixing degree of depth is 6～10cm, and promptly last layer 3～5cm and following one deck 3～5cm evenly mix;
(3) later stage maintenance: after the reclamation, repeatedly manually water on a small quantity, make between the soil different levels and further integrate; Improve the soil behind the plantation plant, regularly in topsoil, apply nutrient.
Good effect of the present invention is:
After implementing the present invention, (one) is dewatering effectively, reduces salt ion content in the soil.After the reclamation, salt ion can be discharged the soil body by irrigation or the rapid drip washing of rainfall in the upper layer of soil in lower soil and with underground water; Simultaneously since in the drainage blanket soil particle bigger, underground water can not rise to topsoil and subsurface field layer by the capillary pore, avoids that salt ion particularly for saline and alkaline regional reclamation, has important function to the influence of soil in the underground water.
(2) can avoid conventional reclamation degenerate problem once more by making up the soil artificial section.Owing to be provided with different levels, and the effect difference that different levels are brought into play in growing process, mainly provide plant growing required nutrient as the top layer, the subsurface field layer mainly provides machinery support, simultaneously can play certain cushioning effect to underground water, and drainage blanket is mainly used to dewatering, and salt ion is to the influence of plant growing in the alleviation underground water.In the soil maintenance processes in later stage, only need topsoil is suitably turned over and applied fertilizer, and do not need lower soil is managed, can effectively reduce manpower and materials, save cost.
(3) with strong points.Can be according to floristics, the growth requisite space, the root system depth is freely selected improvement soil body size.As improvement, can reduce the thickness of topsoil and subsurface field layer, even can cancel the subsurface field layer, and only need reservation table soil layer and drainage blanket for lawn soil; For the reclamation of arbor growth, can suitably deepen thickness, particularly topsoil and the subsurface field layer of each layer.
(4) turn waste into wealth, save the improvement cost.Traditional reclamation technology, usually need large tracts of land to use soil moved in to improve the original, and add a large amount of organic medias, and present technique is according to the nutrient demand of plant, organic matter mainly is added on topsoil and subsurface field layer, therefore can reduce interpolation to nutrient in the drainage blanket, save cost, simultaneously can only carry out soil removal and replacement to topsoil, and original soil is through suitably handling as the subsurface field layer, the big material of particle such as original stone can add to again in the drainage blanket in the soil body, promptly effectively saves cost, can turn waste into wealth again.
To sum up, utilize this technology, not only can large tracts of land be improved by city degenerated soil, and can select specified plant to carry out the improvement of individual plant plant pit, help saving the improvement cost, improve the effect of improving the soil.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1, be the cross-sectional view of artificial soil layer,
The specific embodiment
Now the invention will be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings,
Soil layer is transformed the stage:
The different soils level is set from top to bottom:
1) bottom is a drainage blanket 4, is made up of thick sandstone, rubble, and the gutter 5 that is made of PVC punching bellows is installed; The perforated area of punching bellows is 3%～5% of a tube wall area, and the aperture of punching is no more than 3mm, the caliber 100～150mm of pvc pipe; General 15～the 30cm of drainage blanket thickness;
2) intermediate layer is a subsurface field layer 3, selects medium unit weight, medium fertility and medium infiltration rate soil for use, and described medium unit weight is that value of bulk density is at 1.4～1.6Mg/m3; Medium fertility refers to that organic content is at 10～20g/kg; Medium infiltration rate refers to that rate of infiltration is 2cm/h; Soil thickness is 30cm;
3) upper strata is a topsoil 1, covers low unit weight and high porosity soil, and described low unit weight is that value of bulk density is at 1.2～1.4Mg/m
3High porosity be native inner pore account for soil body volume 10%～20%; Add organic media in the soil and improve soil nutrient, the organic media of described interpolation, its weight is no more than 15% of soil body weight, and perhaps volume is no more than 33% of soil body volume; Soil organic matter content is greater than 20g/kg; The topsoil thickness of soil is 10～45cm; For the deep rooting plant of root band mud ball 2, the topsoil thickness of soil is 30～45cm; The lawn, be 10～15cm by the topsoil thickness of soil; Generally get 15～20cm; Topsoil soil adopts pollution-free, no degenerated soil, based on sand soil or clay soil, and uses soil moved in to improve the original, does not use degenerated soil as topsoil.
Above-mentioned three layers of soil have the mixed transition district between the adjacent two layers in adorning native process, the mixing degree of depth is 6～10cm, and promptly last layer 3～5cm and following one deck 3～5cm evenly mix;
Embodiment:
Boron mud is the byproduct of producing boron fertilizer, includes a large amount of caustic soda and does not extract quick-acting completely boron, and pH is about 13, and effective boron content is about 1～2%, is a kind of industrial waste, and boron content is too much in the soil, can cause toxic action.Jiading District ring road, Shanghai City one is with original roadside that zanjon was once arranged, and the local resident filled out ditch with boron mud afterwards, and on top planted avenue tree, continuous growth along with plant, the murder by poisoning of boron mud makes pH value in the soil, effective boron content too high, causes the large quantities of death of avenue tree, and it is still dead repeatedly to reseed the back; Through check, the cause of death mainly is because boron content surpasses plant patience threshold value in the soil.
Owing to all contain a large amount of boron mud in the whole soil body, therefore must take the method for whole soil removal and replacement, thoroughly radical cure boron mud is poisoned.Reclamation is carried out in the following order:
(1) digs plant pit: at first dig 2m * 2m * 1.2m plant pit in the zone of plantation avenue tree.
(2) lay drainage blanket in the plant pit bottom of digging.At first spread the thick rubble of 10cm in the bottom of plant pit, about the about 2cm of rubble diameter, and add PVC punching bellows therein, the gutter of being installed imports municipal drainage passage or gutter, then repave the thick rubble of 10cm (the same), repave the 20cm sandy soil then, finished the structure of drainage blanket.
(3) lay the subsurface field layer on drainage blanket top.At first add the thick loamy texture soil moved in to improve the original of 5cm on drainage blanket top, make it with drainage blanket top 5cm about sandy soil evenly mix, and then adding 35cm artificial soil, this artificial soil is evenly mixed by the organic improving medium of 3% (weight ratio) and 97% loamy texture soil moved in to improve the original, has finished the structure of subsurface field layer.
(4) lay topsoil on subsurface field layer top.At first add the thick improvement soil moved in to improve the original of 5cm on subsurface field layer top, evenly mix with subsurface field layer top 5cm equally, then add 35cm improvement soil moved in to improve the original again, the used improvement soil moved in to improve the original of topsoil is evenly mixed by 10% organic improving medium and 90% soil moved in to improve the original, has finished the structure of soil topsoil.
(5) after the soil sample section builds, water every other day, carry out continuously 7 times, make between the soil different levels moisteningly fully, finished the full content of reclamation.
(6) select suitable planting season and kind, carry out the plantation of avenue tree on improving the soil, the selected avenue tree kind of present case is fragrant camphor tree (Cinnamomum camphora).
This ameliorative measure was in facility in 2007, and through nearly 3 years continuous observation, plant grows fine at present, the phenomena of mortality do not occur, has good improved effect.
Claims (1)
1. a method that makes up artificial section improvement urban degraded soil in coastal regions is made of early-stage preparations, soil layer transformation and later stage maintenance, it is characterized in that:
(1) the early-stage preparations stage:
Comprise 1) dig out existing degenerated soil, 2) remove behind building waste in the soil, the stone standby;
(2) soil layer is transformed the stage:
The different soils level is set from top to bottom:
1) bottom is drainage blanket (4), is made up of thick sandstone, rubble, and the gutter (5) that is made of PVC punching bellows is installed; The perforated area of punching bellows is 3%～5% of a tube wall area, and the aperture of punching is no more than 3mm, the caliber 100～150mm of pvc pipe;
2) intermediate layer is subsurface field layer (3), selects medium unit weight, medium fertility and medium infiltration rate soil for use, and described medium unit weight is that value of bulk density is at 1.4～1.6Mg/m3; Medium fertility refers to that organic content is at 10～20g/kg; Medium infiltration rate refers to that rate of infiltration is 2cm/h; Soil thickness is 30cm;
3) upper strata is topsoil (1), covers low unit weight and high porosity soil, and described low unit weight is that value of bulk density is at 1.2～1.4Mg/m
3High porosity be native inner pore account for soil body volume 10%～20%; Add organic media in the soil and improve soil nutrient, the organic media of described interpolation, its weight is no more than 15% of soil body weight, and perhaps volume is no more than 33% of soil body volume; Soil organic matter content is greater than 20g/kg; The topsoil thickness of soil is 10～45cm; For the deep rooting plant of root band mud ball (2), the topsoil thickness of soil is 30～45cm; The lawn, be 10～15cm by the topsoil thickness of soil; Topsoil soil adopts pollution-free, no degenerated soil, based on sand soil or clay soil, and uses soil moved in to improve the original, does not use degenerated soil as topsoil;
Above-mentioned three layers of soil have the mixed transition district between the adjacent two layers in adorning native process, the mixing degree of depth is 6～10cm, and promptly last layer 3～5cm and following one deck 3～5cm evenly mix;
(3) later stage maintenance: after the reclamation, repeatedly manually water on a small quantity, regularly in topsoil, apply nutrient.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103688617A (en) * | 2013-12-17 | 2014-04-02 | 陕西地建土地工程技术研究院有限责任公司 | Method for renovating desolated rocky beach through alien earth |
| CN104106325A (en) * | 2014-08-01 | 2014-10-22 | 上海市园林科学研究所 | Plant root system micro domain environment system for urban landscaping soil improvement |
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| US4678554A (en) * | 1985-02-21 | 1987-07-07 | Eltac Nogler & Daum Kg | Method and installation for generating an electrical field in the soil |
| DE19729230A1 (en) * | 1996-11-16 | 1999-01-14 | Paul Lingen | Surface for roads, paths, industrial and commercial areas, etc. |
| CN1981568A (en) * | 2005-12-16 | 2007-06-20 | 上海市金山区园林管理署 | Halogenic soil planting technique on seashore |
| CN101283656A (en) * | 2008-06-11 | 2008-10-15 | 沧州市农林科学院 | Shallow water level double salt-affected soil raw soil planting and greening method |
| CN101743885A (en) * | 2008-12-20 | 2010-06-23 | 广东棕榈园林股份有限公司 | Local improving method for high viscosity soil green planting land |
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2010
- 2010-07-09 CN CN2010102230476A patent/CN101899826B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4678554A (en) * | 1985-02-21 | 1987-07-07 | Eltac Nogler & Daum Kg | Method and installation for generating an electrical field in the soil |
| DE19729230A1 (en) * | 1996-11-16 | 1999-01-14 | Paul Lingen | Surface for roads, paths, industrial and commercial areas, etc. |
| CN1981568A (en) * | 2005-12-16 | 2007-06-20 | 上海市金山区园林管理署 | Halogenic soil planting technique on seashore |
| CN101283656A (en) * | 2008-06-11 | 2008-10-15 | 沧州市农林科学院 | Shallow water level double salt-affected soil raw soil planting and greening method |
| CN101743885A (en) * | 2008-12-20 | 2010-06-23 | 广东棕榈园林股份有限公司 | Local improving method for high viscosity soil green planting land |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103688617A (en) * | 2013-12-17 | 2014-04-02 | 陕西地建土地工程技术研究院有限责任公司 | Method for renovating desolated rocky beach through alien earth |
| CN103688617B (en) * | 2013-12-17 | 2016-06-08 | 陕西地建土地工程技术研究院有限责任公司 | A kind of method utilizing the waste rock patch of soil moved in improve the original regulation |
| CN104106325A (en) * | 2014-08-01 | 2014-10-22 | 上海市园林科学研究所 | Plant root system micro domain environment system for urban landscaping soil improvement |
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