CN101899363A - Technological method and equipment for producing biodiesel from rape seed oil - Google Patents
Technological method and equipment for producing biodiesel from rape seed oil Download PDFInfo
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- CN101899363A CN101899363A CN2009100446789A CN200910044678A CN101899363A CN 101899363 A CN101899363 A CN 101899363A CN 2009100446789 A CN2009100446789 A CN 2009100446789A CN 200910044678 A CN200910044678 A CN 200910044678A CN 101899363 A CN101899363 A CN 101899363A
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- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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Abstract
The invention relates to a technological method and technological equipment for producing biodiesel from rape seed oil and aims to improve the production efficiency, transformation ratio, composition and quality of the biodiesel and solve the technical problems of low efficiency, poor effect, narrow application range, unavailable continuous operation and the like in the prior art. Key points of the technical scheme are that: catalyst-containing methanol and rape seed oil components are continuously input from the inlet of a reactor according to an appropriate proportion; and the reactor is provided with an oscillating strengthening equipment so as to enhance reaction effect, control product composition and increase reaction speed. After the reaction is finished under appropriate frequency and amplitude, a product flows out from the outlet of the reactor and is separated, rinsed and dewatered. The flow state, retention period, product composition and transformation ratio of a material can be regulated and controlled or laminar flow of the material is achieved by regulating and controlling the piston frequency and amplitude of the strengthening equipment. The strengthening device has high adjustment elasticity, wide application range and capability of meeting various reaction conditions by adjusting the movement velocity, geometry, size and space position of a piston driving mechanism or replacing a baffle plate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of processing method and equipment, belong to the energy, chemistry, chemical field with rape seed oil production biofuel.
Background technology
The mineral oil exhausts just gradually, and price rises steadily world economy is formed baptism, and each state of the whole world all is subjected to the impact that oil price rises suddenly and sharply; Traditional fuel is on the rise to environment damage, seeks renewable and energy environmental protection is extremely urgent.Biofuel (fatty acid methyl ester) is a kind of renewable, efficient, safe clean energy, having many petrifaction diesels matchless is again human urgent required advantage: 1, renewable, with not to the utmost, to really realize energy continuous utilization, and keep and promote resource, environment, social economy's coodinated, continuous development.2, pollution-free.Different with mineral diesel, hydrocarbon polymer, CO, the SO of the discharging of burning back
2, NO
xFew etc. objectionable impurities.3, safety such as storage, transportation, use, convenient.Because be not inflammable and explosive, toxic substance.4, can promote other industries, as plant husbandry, grease processing industry etc.5, need not be to the repacking of the device of present use mineral diesel, and because of the biofuel lubrication is good, the wearing and tearing of engine are reduced greatly.Therefore, the exploitation biofuel can not only be broken away from energy dilemma, realizes energy continuous utilization, and helps making up resource-conserving and environment-friendly society, promotes the economic society All-round, Coordinated and Sustainable Development, has remarkable economical and social effect.If can large-scale commercial production it, human thirst for regeneration again the long-cherished wish of the clean energy just can realize.
The production of biofuel is a very slow and reversible reaction process, the subject matter that exists in the production process of biofuel is that reactant residence time is long at present, reaction efficiency is not high, thereby has increased the cost of biofuel, has limited the industrial scale of biofuel.Can set about from improving aspects such as technology and device and improve reaction efficiency.The exploitation continuous production processes can make the production efficiency of biofuel improve, industrial scale enlarges, cost reduces, and helps applying of biofuel.The technology of making biofuel at present mostly is the intermittent type alr mode greatly, and efficient is low, and operation is inconvenient, and can not control the composition of reactant.Must develop the proprietary technology of biofuel---comprise technical process and equipment, just can make it to become real competitive new industry.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of processing method and equipment with rape seed oil production biofuel, if with the raw material production biofuel except that rape seed oil, methyl alcohol, sodium hydroxide or sodium methylate, proportioning except that between each component of raw material was different with the present invention's possibility, technical process provided by the present invention and production unit were suitable equally.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: by every liter of methyl alcohol (CH
3OH) about 24～35 gram sodium hydroxide (NaOH) or the sodium methylates of dissolving (or claiming sodium methyl) (NaOMe) ratio of catalyzer prepare methyl alcohol and mixture of catalysts, valve-off 23 is stored in vessel 21 with this mixture storage, before each the production, CH
3The two mixed OH and NaOH or NaOMe about 1 hour under about 40 ℃ of temperature.When beginning to produce, regulate volume pump 24: make CH
3The flow of the mixture of OH and NaOH or NaOMe and the flow of rape seed oil (unit is and rises/hour, l/h) than being 1: 4.5～5.5; Reactant (methyl alcohol and the rape seed oil that contain catalyzer) is extracted out in vessel separately, and be heated to 50～65 ℃ of input reactors 1.Reactor 1 import and export place is provided with the mechanical oscillation device be sealed and matched with it and connect firmly, makes the reactant thorough mixing in the reactor 1 and strengthens reaction process.The feature of mechanical oscillation device is: rotor 7 single or multiple being assemblied in same rotating shaft 10 or the different rotating shaft 10 that geometric axis and rotating shaft 10 intersected, or symmetrical in twos or asymmetric being assemblied in same rotating shaft 10 or the different rotating shaft 10, the eccentricity of rotor 7 forms 180 ° phase differential, rotor 7 becomes movable or is fixedly connected with piston 5 outer ends, when rotating shaft 10 drives rotor 7 rotations, piston 5 is driven by rotor 7, make piston 5 reciprocating, or it is opposite to make two adjacent pistons 5 make direction, the to-and-fro movement that the displacement absolute value equates, rotor 7 can move or fixing in the direction of rotating shaft 10, the result who moves changes the eccentricity of rotor 7 in piston 5 present positions, promptly change the amplitude of piston 5, piston 5 can be vibrated under different amplitudes, 1 one-tenth sealed attachment of piston waveguide tube 16 and reactor, reactant in the to-and-fro movement activated reactions device 1 of piston 5, the probability of collision of reactor 1 internal reaction material point is increased, form turbulent flow or thorough mixing, improve the reagent flow state, make each particle flow velocity be tending towards even, avoid back-mixing, reach plug flow, generation helps the motion that reaction process is carried out; In the described reactor 1 baffle plate 2 or filler can be installed, reactor 1 be shaped as tubulose or peviform, cross section is circle or non-circle, diameter evenly or change, mounting means is vertical horizontal or tilting, schedule of reinforcement is single-stage, twin-stage or multistage, and tubulose comprises straight tube, bend pipe, " L " shape pipe, "T"-shaped pipe, " ten " font pipe or coil pipe, can be single hose or multitube; The transfer line that well heater 25 is exported between reactor 1 inlet 18 can be taked the insulation measure so that reactant keeps suitable temperature of reaction.After reaction under suitable frequency and the amplitude finished, resultant (coarse biodiesel+glycerine) is introduced into separator 34 to be separated, and also can adopt the natural separation mode: glycerine density is big, sinks to the bottom; Coarse biodiesel density is little, come-up.The coarse biodiesel of separating that contains methyl alcohol when adopting natural separation (or, top coarse biodiesel) enters water scrubber 32, flush away methyl alcohol.Through the first hydrophone 30 (the drainage medium can adopt sand) after filtration of the biofuel of washing, elimination moisture enters water aspirator 29 (water sucting medium can adopt salt or Industrial Salt) then and further enters storage tank 36 after the dehydration and obtain refined biometric diesel oil.Frequency and/or the flow state of the adjustable reactor 1 internal reaction thing of amplitude and composition composition and/or the transformation efficiency or the speed of reaction of the residence time or resultant by regulation and control piston 5; The frequency of piston 5 can change by changing the buncher rotating speed, and the amplitude of piston 5 can change by changing rotor-position.Except that rotor 7, piston drive mechanism also has linkage assembly, translating cam mechanism 41, cylindrical cam mechanism 43, gear mechanism, worm-and-wheel gear or screw mechanism; Piston drive mechanism symmetry or asymmetric installation.The adjustable-speed of described piston drive mechanism or constant.Described rotor 7 comprises disc-like rotor and column rotor, and rotor 7 is fixed or removable in its rotation direction, and rotor outer surface becomes some contact with the piston outer end or tangent line contacts.Described disc-like rotor 7 comprises circular section rotor or on-circular cross-section rotor; Rotor 7 single or symmetrical in twos or asymmetric being fixed in same rotating shaft 10 or the different rotating shaft 10.Described column rotor comprises cylinder, round platform or on-circular cross-section cylinder; The geometric axis of column rotor intersects or intersects with its rotation or parallel or coincidence; Column rotor cross-section or non-vertical vertical with its geometric axis; When adopting the column rotor, column rotor single or symmetrical in twos or asymmetric being fixed in same rotating shaft 10 or the different rotating shaft 10.
Beneficial effect of the present invention and advantage are: the proportioning between each component of reactant (methyl alcohol and the rape seed oil that contain catalyzer) is a kind of optimum ratio, needn't improve flow velocity, and improve and the regulation and control flow velocity with oscillation technology, reach turbulence effects or thorough mixing, improve process efficiency.Turbulent extent does not rely on net flow speed, and by the oscillation device regulation and control, oscillation device can infinitely be regulated amplitude and frequency.Can under very low Reynolds number (ReynoldsNumber), make fluid obtain turbulent flow or thorough mixing, can not only improve process efficiency, and save fluid delivery system energy consumption and equipment volume.The tilting rotor 7 of symmetry makes the motion of two-piston 5 unsymmetrically, and promptly left piston 5 rises, and right piston 5 descends; Right piston 5 rises, and left piston 5 descends.This technology can expand to the reinforcement of any number of stages.The present invention regulates that elasticity is big, and subject range is wide, intermittent process can be converted into successive processes.The drive-motor load of rotor 7 is very little, so its power minimum (power of motor than stirring rake in the intermittent process is much smaller), because motor only need drive the rotor rotation, and the suffered moment of torsion of rotor is very little, the gravity of piston 5 does not produce moment of torsion to the rotating shaft 10 of rotor 7, because its line of action is crossed rotating shaft 10, motor only need overcome less moment of friction.The versatility of intensifying device is big, because of reactor 1 maximizes intensifying device is increased, as long as motor can drive rotor 7 rotations, rotor 7 just can promote piston 5, and the reactor 1 that size differs not too big can adopt onesize rotor 7.Regulate the stepper-motor of amplitude and only work in the short period of time, promptly shut down after amplitude mixes up, need energy consumption hardly at the utmost point of transferring amplitude.When optimum frequency and amplitude are known, when not needing frequent transforming amplitudes, can as the eccentricity of rotor 7 rotor 7 be designed and manufactured into the fixed eccentricity by this best amplitude, shown in Fig. 4,5, can remove stepper-motor from like this.Reinforcement parameter by adjusting device, be the frequency of piston 5 and amplitude etc., (performance of engine is different with transformation efficiency for the composition composition of the residence time of the flow state of material or regulation and control material or resultant in the adjustable reactor 1, composition for fuel requires possibility different, thereby the present invention can regulate and control the composition composition of the residence time regulation and control biofuel of reactor internal reaction thing by the reinforcement parameter of adjusting device); Or can make the material in the reactor 1 reach plug flow by regulation and control frequency of piston 5 and/or amplitude, this is a kind of flow state very favourable to reaction process.The present invention is the production efficiency that improves biofuel or other products, reduce its cost, enlarge its scale, control gordian technique and equipment that it forms, improves its quality etc.Structure, assembling are easy, and it is convenient and easy that technology realize to go up.The structure of amplitude regulating mechanism is also very simple, only needs along continuous straight runs moving slide board 11.During the equipment internal baffle, can strengthen turbulent extent or mixed effect, the little space between two baffle plates is equivalent to a miniature stirring tank, and whole process device is equivalent to the continuous combination of a series of little stirring tanks.Baffle arrangement is various informative, and annulus, square loop, hexagonal rings, trilateral ring flat-plate, perforated baffle and " ten " word baffle plate etc. are arranged, and as shown in Figure 4, can cause Protean fluidised form.When being provided with the vertical contact element 46 of its medullary ray in piston 5 outer ends, the to-and-fro movement of piston 5 is simple harmonic oscillation.To on-circular cross-section rotor 7, the variable in distance between the stroke of piston 5, speed and two-piston 5 inner faces can determine by the concrete cross-sectional shape of design rotor 7.Reactant flows into from an end of reactor serially, flows out from the other end, thereby realizes operate continuously.The eccentricity of cylindrical rotor 7 does not produce eccentric load.Because rotor itself (with regard to each rotor) is a right cylinder, countershaft 10 is antisymmetric, as shown in figure 14: to the cylinder eccentric rotor, the o point is the intersection point of its geometric axis and its rotating shaft 10, rotor is in o point both sides equal in length, though at the both sides rotor that o is ordered eccentricity is arranged all, the eccentric load that eccentricity produced of o point both sides is cancelled out each other.For example, the inevitable eccentric load counteracting of order of a eccentric load of ordering by symmetric b with it.Eccentric load also appears in whole device when using even number eccentric disc rotor 7.
When adopting multistage reinforcement, also clutch coupling 37 can be disconnected, every grade with separately frequency and amplitude operation (see figure 3), because reaction process is when being in the different stages, required reinforcement frequency and/or amplitude may be different.
The insulation measure of reactant intake line can be twined flexible heating zone 47 thereon, as shown in figure 30.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is technical process and the equipment that single-stage is strengthened.
Fig. 2 is technical process and the equipment that multistage same frequency and amplitude are strengthened.
Fig. 3 is technical process and the equipment that multistage different frequency and amplitude are strengthened.
Fig. 4 is various forms of baffle plates.
Fig. 5 is that single-stage is strengthened the fixedly rotor of eccentricity.
Fig. 6 is the fixedly rotor of eccentricity of multistage reinforcement.
Fig. 7 is the reinforcement scheme that adopts hollow piston.
Fig. 8 is that on-circular cross-section rotor hollow piston is strengthened scheme.
Fig. 9 is the reinforcement scheme of linkage assembly driven plunger.
Figure 10,11, the 12nd, coil reactor is strengthened scheme.
Figure 13 is the reinforcement scheme of " ten " font pipe reactor.
Figure 14 is the rotor of cross section and rotating shaft oblique.
Figure 15 is the vertical rotor of cross section and rotating shaft.
Figure 16 is a circular section reducing column rotor.
Figure 17 is an on-circular cross-section reducing column rotor.
Figure 18 is the reinforcement scheme that is promoted two pistons by single rotor.
Figure 19 is the column rotor that geometry profiled cross-section two ends vary in size.
Figure 20 is the scheme of separating symmetry " recessed " shape plane translating cam mechanism driven plunger.
Figure 21 is the scheme of separating symmetry " protruding " shape plane translating cam mechanism driven plunger.
Figure 22 is the scheme of " recessed " shape plane translating cam mechanism driven plunger.
Figure 23 is the scheme of " protruding " shape plane translating cam mechanism driven plunger.
Figure 24 is the scheme of " recessed " shape tooth bar-worm mechanism driven plunger.
Figure 25 is the scheme of " protruding " shape tooth bar-worm mechanism driven plunger.
Figure 26 is the scheme of curved surface translating cam mechanism driven plunger.
Figure 27 is the scheme of cylindrical cam mechanism driven plunger.
Figure 28 is the reinforcement scheme of worm-and-wheel gear driven plunger.
Figure 29 (a) is that rotor outer surface becomes a mode that contacts with the piston outer end.
Figure 29 (b) is the mode that rotor outer surface contacts with piston outer end tangentially.
Figure 30 is the insulation measure of reactant intake line.
Among the figure: 1. reactor, 2. baffle plate and pole thereof 3. generate material outlet, 4. flange, 5. piston, 6. support, 7. rotor, 8. bearing support, 9. bearing, 10. rotating shaft, 11. slide plates, the 12. bearings guide rail of holding concurrently, 13. wall screw, 14. transmission screws, 15. springs, 16. piston waveguide tubes, 17. flange bolt, 18. reactant entrances, 19. valves, 20. blow-off valves, 21. contain the methyl alcohol vessel of catalyzer, 22. rape seed oil vessel, 23. valves, 24. volume pumps, 25. well heater, 26. reactant intake lines, 27. resultant delivery conduits, 28. fresh water pipeline, 29. water aspirators, 30. water strainers, 31. water port, 32. water scrubbers, 33. glycerol outlet port, 34. separator, 35. surplus valves, 36. storage tanks, 37. clutch coupling, 38. outlet valves, 39. connect valve, 40. pipe connecting, 41. translating cams, 42. worm screws, 43. cylindrical cam, 44. driving nuts, 45. worm gears, 46. contact element, 47. flexible heating zones, 48. temperature regulators.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1, consults Fig. 1.This example is an example with inverted-loop tube reactor 1, by every liter of methyl alcohol (CH
3OH) ratio of the about 25.01 gram sodium methylates (NaOMe) of dissolving prepares methyl alcohol and mixture of catalysts, and valve-off 1 is stored in vessel 21 with this mixture storage, before the production, and CH
3OH and NaOMe mixed 1 hour under 40 ℃ of temperature.Frequency is transferred to 5Hz, and amplitude is transferred to 4mm, opens oscillation device, regulates volume pump 24: make CH
3The flow of OH+NaOMe mixture is 0.509l/h, and the flow of rape seed oil is 2.591l/h, reactant (methyl alcohol and the rape seed oil that contain catalyzer) is extracted out in vessel separately, and be heated to 60 ℃ of input reactors 1.After reaction finished under above-mentioned parameter, resultant (coarse biodiesel+glycerine) is introduced into separator 34 to be separated, and the coarse biodiesel of separating that contains methyl alcohol enters water scrubber 32, flush away methyl alcohol.Through the first hydrophone 30 (the drainage medium is a sand) after filtration of the biofuel of washing, elimination moisture enters water aspirator 29 (water sucting medium is an Industrial Salt) then and further enters storage tank 36 after the dehydration and promptly obtain refined biometric diesel oil.Reactant is input reactor 1 constantly in a steady stream, and resultant flows out from reactor 1 continuously, has so just formed the successive production process.
As wish to get the biofuel that difference is formed, can change the frequency and/or the amplitude of piston 5.
Embodiment 3, and the embodiment of other forms of reactor is shown in Fig. 7～13,20～28.All the other are with embodiment 1.When the diameter of reactor 1 is big, can adopt hollow piston 5, consult Fig. 7,8,26～28.
Embodiment 4, and cylindrical rotor 7 is replaced with on-circular cross-section column rotor 7, and all the other are with embodiment 1, see Fig. 8,17～19 etc.The profilograph shape of rotor 7 cross sections can be determined that the cross-sectional profiles curve that changes rotor 7 can obtain various vibration regularities to produce optimum mode of oscillation by the optimal vibration rule of reaction process process need.Also can regulate amplitude, or change rotating speed of motor, make amplitude and/or frequency satisfy the needs of reaction process process to regulate vibrational frequency by moving slide board 11.This brings great convenience to production process.Change rotor 7 into other piston drive mechanism,, also can as linkage assembly, translating cam mechanism 41, cylindrical cam mechanism 43, gear mechanism, worm-and-wheel gear or screw mechanism etc.All the other are with embodiment 1.
Vegetable seeds of the present invention also can be write vegetable seed.
Claims (7)
1. processing method and equipment with a rape seed oil production biofuel is characterized in that:
2. the processing method of production biofuel as claimed in claim 1 and equipment, it is characterized in that: during with the raw material production biofuel except that rape seed oil, methyl alcohol, sodium hydroxide or sodium methylate, the proportioning difference except that between each component of raw material, described technical process and production unit are suitable equally.
3. mechanical oscillation device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: except that rotor (7), piston drive mechanism also has linkage assembly, translating cam mechanism (41), cylindrical cam mechanism (43), gear mechanism, worm-and-wheel gear or screw mechanism; Piston drive mechanism symmetry or asymmetric installation.
4. mechanical oscillation device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: the adjustable-speed of described piston drive mechanism or constant.
5. mechanical oscillation device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described rotor (7) comprises disc-like rotor and column rotor, and rotor (7) is fixed or removable in its rotation direction, and rotor outer surface becomes some contact with the piston outer end or tangent line contacts.
6. mechanical oscillation device according to claim 5 is characterized in that: described disc-like rotor (7) comprises circular section rotor or on-circular cross-section rotor; Rotor (7) single or symmetrical in twos or asymmetric being fixed in same rotating shaft (10) or the different rotating shaft (10).
7. mechanical oscillation device according to claim 5 is characterized in that: described column rotor comprises cylinder, round platform or on-circular cross-section cylinder; The geometric axis of column rotor intersects or intersects with its rotation or parallel or coincidence; Column rotor cross-section or non-vertical vertical with its geometric axis; When adopting the column rotor, column rotor single or symmetrical in twos or asymmetric being fixed in same rotating shaft (10) or the different rotating shaft (10).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200910044678.9A CN101899363B (en) | 2009-11-02 | 2009-11-02 | Technological method and equipment for producing biodiesel from rape seed oil |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200910044678.9A CN101899363B (en) | 2009-11-02 | 2009-11-02 | Technological method and equipment for producing biodiesel from rape seed oil |
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| CN101899363A true CN101899363A (en) | 2010-12-01 |
| CN101899363B CN101899363B (en) | 2014-10-01 |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104403806A (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2015-03-11 | 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 | Method for continuously preparing biodiesel |
| CN104651060A (en) * | 2015-02-03 | 2015-05-27 | 江苏西方环保科技有限公司 | Biodiesel continuous ester interchange technology |
| CN108395936A (en) * | 2017-02-07 | 2018-08-14 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of method and system preparing biodiesel |
| CN108554323A (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2018-09-21 | 钦州学院 | Duct type liquid-phase catalysis reaction unit |
| CN109340001A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2019-02-15 | 单进才 | Engine double fuel mixing servomechanism installation |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100341981C (en) * | 2006-02-27 | 2007-10-10 | 天津理工大学 | Technological process of preparing biological diesel oil continuously |
| CN101284221A (en) * | 2008-05-18 | 2008-10-15 | 朱瑞林 | Reinforcing technique and device of a reactor |
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2009
- 2009-11-02 CN CN200910044678.9A patent/CN101899363B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104403806A (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2015-03-11 | 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 | Method for continuously preparing biodiesel |
| CN104651060A (en) * | 2015-02-03 | 2015-05-27 | 江苏西方环保科技有限公司 | Biodiesel continuous ester interchange technology |
| CN104651060B (en) * | 2015-02-03 | 2017-08-15 | 江苏卡特环保科技有限公司 | The continuous ester exchange process of biodiesel |
| CN108395936A (en) * | 2017-02-07 | 2018-08-14 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of method and system preparing biodiesel |
| CN108554323A (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2018-09-21 | 钦州学院 | Duct type liquid-phase catalysis reaction unit |
| CN108554323B (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2024-05-28 | 钦州学院 | Pipeline type liquid phase catalytic reaction device |
| CN109340001A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2019-02-15 | 单进才 | Engine double fuel mixing servomechanism installation |
| CN109340001B (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2021-03-12 | 单进才 | Dual-fuel mixed servo device for engine |
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| CN101899363B (en) | 2014-10-01 |
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Granted publication date: 20141001 Termination date: 20161102 |