CN1861751A - Method for preparing biodiesel by using microchannel reactor - Google Patents

Method for preparing biodiesel by using microchannel reactor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1861751A
CN1861751A CNA2006100854337A CN200610085433A CN1861751A CN 1861751 A CN1861751 A CN 1861751A CN A2006100854337 A CNA2006100854337 A CN A2006100854337A CN 200610085433 A CN200610085433 A CN 200610085433A CN 1861751 A CN1861751 A CN 1861751A
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reaction
oil
accordance
micro passage
grease
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CN100372915C (en
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张利雄
鞠景喜
徐南平
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Nanjing Tech University
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P30/00Technologies relating to oil refining and petrochemical industry
    • Y02P30/20Technologies relating to oil refining and petrochemical industry using bio-feedstock

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  • Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation method of biodiesel, in particular to a method for producing fatty acid ester (biodiesel for short) by using grease and alcohol as raw materials and carrying out ester exchange reaction through a microchannel reactor. The method comprises the following steps: injecting a mixture of grease, low-carbon alcohol and an inorganic base catalyst in a certain proportion into a microchannel reactor, reacting at normal pressure and a certain temperature (20-65 ℃), and preparing the biodiesel by controlling the residence time (1-20 min) of reaction materials in the microchannel reactor. The method has the characteristics of mild reaction conditions, extremely short reaction time, extremely high reaction conversion rate and selectivity, simple production device and the like. The method for preparing the biodiesel by the microchannel reactor can prepare the biodiesel production device which is easy to assemble, disassemble and move and is convenient to carry.

Description

A kind of micro passage reaction that utilizes prepares method of bio-diesel oil
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of biofuel, relating in particular to a kind of is raw material with grease and alcohol, carries out the method that transesterification reaction is produced fatty acid ester (abbreviation biofuel) by micro passage reaction.
Background technology:
The energy dilemma aggravation of recent years, mineral substance energy worsening shortages.In addition, the use of a large amount of mineral substance energy brings many harm to environment, such as acid rain, Greenhouse effect etc.Biofuel is owing to its superior performance, and close friend and recyclability to environment have obtained the attention of countries in the world, becomes new forms of energy development and hot of research and development.
It is the atmospheric low-temperature ester-interchange method of catalyzer that the industrial production of present biofuel mainly adopts with alkali (sodium methylate, sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide), and reaction intermittently or in the continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) is being carried out usually.Exist the reaction times longer; Rhythmic reaction needs non-cutting time, plant factor not high, is difficult for realizing automatization control; The whipping device energy consumption is big, production run expense height in industrial production; The stirring reaction mass transfer is undesirable, the not high defective of transformation efficiency and yield.There is the immiscible problem of alcohol oil at this reaction system, it is more abundant for alcohol oil two is contacted, improve the rate of mass transfer of reaction system, United States Patent (USP) 6712867,6642399 and Chinese patent 1370140 all propose to add cosolvent in reaction system, as tetrahydrofuran (THF) etc., make this reaction system become homogeneous phase.Thereby significantly improved speed of reaction, the reaction times was shortened to about ten minutes.But the use of cosolvent and follow-up separation can increase production cost undoubtedly.United States Patent (USP) 6187939 and European patent 0985654 disclose a kind of any catalyzer that need not to add, grease at least and alcohol both one of be under the condition of supercritical state, grease and alcohol ester exchange prepare the method for fatty acid ester.This method reaction times is short, the productive rate height, and product separation is simple.But patent is mentioned, and vegetables oil is transformed as far as possible, and temperature of reaction must be controlled at 300 ℃, and pressure is more than 6.5MPa, and is quite high to equipment requirements, and energy consumption is big.Therefore, develop a kind of operation continuously, the reaction conditions gentleness, the reaction times is extremely short, and it is particularly necessary that the preparation method that biodiesel production rate is high just seems.
Summary of the invention:
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: the long reaction time, the plant factor that exist in the present biodiesel manufacture technology are low in order to overcome, transformation efficiency and the not high shortcoming of yield and proposed a kind ofly to prepare method of bio-diesel oil with micro passage reaction.Adopt this method can prepare miniaturization, mobile modularized production of biodiesel device.Thereby move according to production site, change of production and regulate.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: micro passage reaction is meant the small-sized reactive system of making by little processing and precision processing technology, its inner microchannel size for fluid flow from submicron to the submillimeter order of magnitude.Compare with the popular response system, micro passage reaction has advantages such as microscale, bigger serface, small volume, continuous, the quick amplification of process, flexible production, process safety, distributing production, is showing extraordinary ability aspect heat transfer, the mass transfer.In micro passage reaction, immiscible liquid-liquid two-phase is owing to exist the difference of character such as surface tension, flow velocity, viscosity and density, mainly be Laminar Flow with forms such as slug flow, slug flow-annular-flow, annular-flow, stratified flows, therefore diffusion becomes the major control factor of mass transfer process.Because the specific surface area of microchannel is very big, can reach 10000m 2M -3-50000m 2M -3, two alternate mass transfer areas increase greatly.Less channel size has shortened the molecular diffusion distance again, thereby has strengthened mass transfer process, and mixing time can reach Millisecond.Great deal of research results shows: for the reaction process of being transmitted control, adopt micro passage reaction can realize operate continuously, improve speed of reaction, shorten the residence time, can suppress side reaction effectively, improve transformation efficiency and purpose product selectivity, have higher space-time yield.Therefore, we are introduced in the preparation process of biofuel.
The concrete technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of employing micro passage reaction prepares method of bio-diesel oil, it is characterized in that: with the mixture of grease, low-carbon alcohol and inorganic base catalyst, be injected in the micro passage reaction that internal diameter is 0.1~3.0mm, under the temperature of reaction of normal pressure and 20~65 ℃, the control reaction mass stops 1~20min in micro passage reaction, can prepare biofuel.
Wherein said grease is Vegetable oil lipoprotein, animal grease or their mixture; Vegetable oil lipoprotein is rapeseed oil, soybean oil, peanut oil, Oleum Gossypii semen, Semen Maydis oil, plam oil, Thistle oil, Oleum Cocois, Viscotrol C or sesame wet goods; Described animal grease is lard, butter, butter, duck oil or waste edible oil etc.
Wherein said low-carbon alcohol is methyl alcohol or ethanol etc.Described inorganic base catalyst is potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide or sodium methylate etc.
Wherein said micro passage reaction material is stainless steel, quartz, iron or tetrafluoroethylene.The internal diameter of preferred micro passage reaction is 0.25~1mm.Micro passage reaction is market stainless steel on sale/iron kapillary, stainless steel/quartzy chromatographic column, polytetrafluoroethylene capillary.
Among the present invention, the amount that grease is converted into biofuel depends on multiple factor, as kind, alcohol and the greasy mol ratio of grease and alcohol, the internal diameter of micro passage reaction, consumption, reaction time and the temperature of reaction etc. of inorganic base catalyst.In general, preferred alcohols and greasy mol ratio are 3~20: 1; Preferred alcohols and greasy mol ratio are 3~10: 1.The inorganic base catalyst catalyst levels is 0.25~2% of an oil quality.The internal diameter of micro passage reaction is more little, and that grease is converted into the reaction of biofuel is favourable more; But if internal diameter is too little, the output of single micro passage reaction will reduce, preferred 0.25~1mm.Reaction time is preferably 2~10min.Preferred 40~60 ℃ of temperature of reaction.
The biofuel that the present invention obtains can be separated according to actual needs with glycerine and purified to required purity.
Have a mind to effect:
Biodiesel oil preparing process provided by the invention is a consecutive steps, and reaction conditions relaxes, and desired reaction temperature is low, and required reaction time is extremely short, the biodiesel production rate height.It is simple to have production equipment, easy to assemble, the feature that is easy to carry and moves.Working method is simple, can regulate easily by increasing and decreasing microchannel quantity simply according to raw material supply situation and biofuel demand.There is not ubiquitous on the industrial production " scale effect ".
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 micro passage reaction prepares biofuel device schematic flow sheet, 1-reaction mixture wherein, 2-constant flow pump, 3-micro passage reaction, 4-temperature control unit, 5-reaction product.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
With 8.007g rapeseed oil and the reaction mixture 1 that contains the 1.637g methyl alcohol of 0.146g potassium hydroxide, by constant flow pump 2, being injected into the internal diameter that normal pressure, temperature be controlled at 40 ℃ is in the micro passage reaction 3 of 0.53mm, and the residence time of conditioned reaction thing in micro passage reaction is 3.3min.Collecting reaction product 5, utilizing gas chromatographic analysis to obtain the rapeseed methylester yield is 95.6%.
Example 2
With the 7.455g soybean oil with after containing the 2.729g methanol mixed of 0.091g potassium hydroxide, mixture is injected in the quartzy micro passage reaction of the 0.53mm that internal diameter is by constant flow pump, the temperature of control reaction is 25 ℃, the residence time is 21.3min.It is 83.6% that reaction obtains soybean oil methyl esters yield.
Example 2
With the 8.007g rapeseed oil with after containing the 1.728g methanol mixed of 0.097g potassium hydroxide, mixture is injected in the quartzy micro passage reaction of the 0.53mm that internal diameter is by constant flow pump, the temperature of control reaction is 60 ℃, the residence time is 2.6min.The rapeseed methylester yield that reaction obtains is 90.2%.
Example 3
With the 8.007g rapeseed oil with after containing the 1.637g methanol mixed of 0.097g potassium hydroxide, mixture is injected in the quartzy micro passage reaction of the 0.53mm that internal diameter is by constant flow pump, the temperature of control reaction is 60 ℃, the residence time is 6.0min.The rapeseed methylester yield that reaction obtains is 96.7%.
Example 4
With the 8.007g rapeseed oil with after containing the 1.364g methanol mixed of 0.097g potassium hydroxide, mixture is injected in the quartzy micro passage reaction of the 0.53mm that internal diameter is by constant flow pump, the temperature of control reaction is 40 ℃, the residence time is 1.1min.The rapeseed methylester yield that reaction obtains is 77.9%.
Example 5
With the 8.007g rapeseed oil with after containing the 1.637g methanol mixed of 0.073g potassium hydroxide, mixture is injected in the quartzy micro passage reaction of the 0.53mm that internal diameter is by constant flow pump, the temperature of control reaction is 60 ℃, the residence time is 5.4min.The rapeseed methylester yield that reaction obtains is 94.7%.
Example 6
With the 8.007g rapeseed oil with after containing the 0.819g methanol mixed of 0.049g potassium hydroxide, mixture is injected in the quartzy micro passage reaction of the 0.53mm that internal diameter is by constant flow pump, the temperature of control reaction is 60 ℃, the residence time is 14.5min.The rapeseed methylester yield that reaction obtains is 64.7%.
Example 7
With the 8.007g rapeseed oil with after containing the 1.637g methanol mixed of 0.097g potassium hydroxide, mixture is injected in the quartzy micro passage reaction of the 0.25mm that internal diameter is by constant flow pump, the temperature of control reaction is 60 ℃, the residence time is 5.3min.The rapeseed methylester yield that reaction obtains is 98.8%.
Example 8
With the 8.007g rapeseed oil with after containing the 1.637g methanol mixed of 0.073g potassium hydroxide, mixture is injected in the quartzy micro passage reaction of the 0.25mm that internal diameter is by constant flow pump, the temperature of control reaction is 60 ℃, the residence time is 5.3min.The rapeseed methylester yield that reaction obtains is 96.8%.
Example 9
With the 8.007g rapeseed oil with after containing the 1.364g methanol mixed of 0.097g potassium hydroxide, mixture is injected in the quartzy micro passage reaction of the 0.25mm that internal diameter is by constant flow pump, the temperature of control reaction is 60 ℃, the residence time is 6.3min.The rapeseed methylester yield that reaction obtains is 97.7%.
Example 10
With the 21.195g rapeseed oil with after containing the 4.334g methanol mixed of 0.258g potassium hydroxide, mixture is injected in the stainless steel micro passage reaction of the 3.0mm that internal diameter is by constant flow pump, the temperature of control reaction is 60 ℃, the residence time is 8.2min.The rapeseed methylester yield that reaction obtains is 78.6%.
Example 11
With the 7.455g soybean oil with after containing the 1.637g methanol mixed of 0.078g sodium hydroxide, mixture is injected in the quartzy micro passage reaction of the 0.53mm that internal diameter is by constant flow pump, the temperature of control reaction is 60 ℃, the residence time is 4.1min.The soybean oil methyl esters yield that reaction obtains is 89.6%.
Example 12
After 0.01mol butter and the 0.06mol ethanol that contains 0.087g sodium hydroxide mixed, by constant flow pump mixture is injected in the stainless steel micro passage reaction of the 0.75mm that internal diameter is, the temperature of control reaction is 40 ℃, and the residence time is 6.9min.The soybean oil methyl esters yield that reaction obtains is 78.5%.

Claims (10)

1, a kind of employing micro passage reaction prepares method of bio-diesel oil, it is characterized in that: with the mixture of grease, low-carbon alcohol and inorganic base catalyst, be injected in the micro passage reaction that internal diameter is 0.1~3.0mm, under the temperature of reaction of normal pressure and 20~65 ℃, the control reaction mass stops 1~20min in micro passage reaction, can prepare biofuel.
2, in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that described grease is Vegetable oil lipoprotein, animal grease or their mixture.
3, in accordance with the method for claim 2, it is characterized in that described Vegetable oil lipoprotein is rapeseed oil, soybean oil, peanut oil, Oleum Gossypii semen, Semen Maydis oil, plam oil, Thistle oil, Oleum Cocois, Viscotrol C or sesame oil; Described animal grease is lard, butter, butter, duck oil or waste edible oil.
4, in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that described low-carbon alcohol is methyl alcohol or ethanol.
5, in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that described inorganic base catalyst is potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide or sodium methylate.
6, in accordance with the method for claim 1, the internal diameter that it is characterized in that described micro passage reaction is 0.25~1mm.
7, in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that described micro passage reaction material is stainless steel, quartz, iron or tetrafluoroethylene.
8, in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that low-carbon alcohol and greasy mol ratio are 3~20: 1, preferred 3~10: 1.
9, in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that the consumption of inorganic base catalyst is 0.25~2% of an oil quality.
10, in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that described temperature of reaction is 40~60 ℃, described reaction mass residence time in micro passage reaction is 2~10min.
CNB2006100854337A 2006-06-15 2006-06-15 Method for preparing biodiesel by using microchannel reactor Expired - Fee Related CN100372915C (en)

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Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101333451A (en) * 2007-06-28 2008-12-31 拜耳技术工程(上海)有限公司 Method for synthesizing bio-diesel
CN101550082A (en) * 2008-04-02 2009-10-07 拜耳技术工程(上海)有限公司 Method and device for continuously producing carboxylic ether
CN101148409B (en) * 2007-10-30 2010-06-02 南京工业大学 Method for preparing fatty acid ester by using microchannel reactor
CN103074165A (en) * 2013-01-18 2013-05-01 天津大学 Continuous ester interchange reaction method and reactor in production process of natural vitamin E and phytosterin
CN103103025A (en) * 2013-01-30 2013-05-15 大连理工大学 Method for continuous synthesis of biodiesel through microreactor
CN103122278A (en) * 2013-03-07 2013-05-29 中国石油大学(华东) Preparation method of biodiesel
CN103666773A (en) * 2013-09-23 2014-03-26 北京石油化工学院 Method for producing biodiesel in micro-structure reactor
CN104045770A (en) * 2013-03-13 2014-09-17 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Preparation method of C9 petroleum resin
CN104745310A (en) * 2015-03-20 2015-07-01 南京工业大学 Method for producing biodiesel by adopting microchannel reactor
CN104962397A (en) * 2015-03-20 2015-10-07 南京工业大学 Method for producing biodiesel through ester exchange in continuous flow microchannel reactor
CN106318648A (en) * 2015-06-30 2017-01-11 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 Transesterification method based on microchannel reactor
CN107779266A (en) * 2016-08-26 2018-03-09 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 The directly transesterification method of aqueous microalgae biomass based on micro passage reaction

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1238468C (en) * 2003-12-31 2006-01-25 中国农业科学院油料作物研究所 Production method of biodiesel oil using high acid ralue animal and vegetable grease

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101333451A (en) * 2007-06-28 2008-12-31 拜耳技术工程(上海)有限公司 Method for synthesizing bio-diesel
CN101148409B (en) * 2007-10-30 2010-06-02 南京工业大学 Method for preparing fatty acid ester by using microchannel reactor
CN101550082A (en) * 2008-04-02 2009-10-07 拜耳技术工程(上海)有限公司 Method and device for continuously producing carboxylic ether
CN103074165A (en) * 2013-01-18 2013-05-01 天津大学 Continuous ester interchange reaction method and reactor in production process of natural vitamin E and phytosterin
CN103103025A (en) * 2013-01-30 2013-05-15 大连理工大学 Method for continuous synthesis of biodiesel through microreactor
CN103103025B (en) * 2013-01-30 2014-08-27 大连理工大学 Method for continuous synthesis of biodiesel through microreactor
CN103122278A (en) * 2013-03-07 2013-05-29 中国石油大学(华东) Preparation method of biodiesel
CN104045770A (en) * 2013-03-13 2014-09-17 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Preparation method of C9 petroleum resin
CN103666773A (en) * 2013-09-23 2014-03-26 北京石油化工学院 Method for producing biodiesel in micro-structure reactor
CN104745310A (en) * 2015-03-20 2015-07-01 南京工业大学 Method for producing biodiesel by adopting microchannel reactor
CN104962397A (en) * 2015-03-20 2015-10-07 南京工业大学 Method for producing biodiesel through ester exchange in continuous flow microchannel reactor
CN106318648A (en) * 2015-06-30 2017-01-11 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 Transesterification method based on microchannel reactor
CN107779266A (en) * 2016-08-26 2018-03-09 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 The directly transesterification method of aqueous microalgae biomass based on micro passage reaction

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